CN106980725A - A kind of analog simulation method of automobile storage battery type selecting - Google Patents
A kind of analog simulation method of automobile storage battery type selecting Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007616 round robin method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3647—Constructional arrangements for determining the ability of a battery to perform a critical function, e.g. cranking
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of analog simulation method of automobile storage battery type selecting, including：Step (1)：Driving cycle is divided into three kinds of operating modes：Parking operating mode, state of starting operating and driving cycle, calculate battery ground charge status and electrical demand situation under different operating modes；Step (2)：The rated capacity and initial state-of-charge of the selected battery of input, are emulated by MATLAB and are emulated under NEDC operating modes；Step (3)：Multiple circulations are carried out, accumulator capacity after a year and a half is drawn.The present invention has taken into full account the operating modes such as each electricity consumption operating mode of vehicle in use, including starting, traveling and parking；The influence of environmental factor is also contemplated simultaneously, and the starting under low temperature environment has been added in simulation calculation, has made result of calculation more accurate；The other simulation process simulates service condition of the battery in whole life cycle, it is to avoid only consider one-sidedness caused by new battery.While the present invention can reduce and the problems such as the cost caused by battery capacity selection is excessive is wasted from technical standpoint solution because of the frequent power shortage of vehicle caused by battery type selecting is improper, vehicle launch difficulty, the life of storage battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile technical field, more particularly to a kind of selection method of automobile storage battery.
Background technology
With the development of science and technology, all kinds of electronic devices on vehicle are also more and more, therefore how accurately to design vehicle
Power-supply system, to ensure the normal using becoming particularly significant of vehicle electric component.Total electricity consumption during automobile use
Amount is the amount of a change, and it depends on the load number and bearing power opened under current state.Basis under normal circumstances
The working condition that vehicle is likely encountered in its whole life cycle determines the type selecting of each power supply device, so as to ensure vehicle
The performance requirement of electric power system.Relate generally to the fundamental characteristics research to the electric system of vehicle, particularly generator and electric power storage
The two vital power supply parts of pond.Current most of main engine plants rely primarily on experience type selecting in battery type selecting, and in later stage sample
Verified on car.This method construction cycle is long, and change changes larger after such as improper checking of early stage type selecting.
The content of the invention
For above prior art problem, the purpose of the present invention is frequent for the vehicle caused by battery type selecting is improper
Power shortage, vehicle launch are difficult, the life of storage battery is reduced and the problems such as the cost caused by battery capacity selection is excessive is wasted, carry
Go out a kind of analog simulation method of new automobile storage battery type selecting.
Concrete technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of analog simulation method of automobile storage battery type selecting, including：
Step (1)：Driving cycle is divided into three kinds of operating modes：Parking operating mode, state of starting operating and driving cycle, calculate storage
Battery ground charge status and electrical demand situation under different operating modes；
Step (2)：The rated capacity and initial state-of-charge of the selected battery of input, operating mode is emulated by MATLAB；
Step (3)：Multiple circulations are carried out, accumulator capacity after a year and a half is drawn, judges whether to meet accumulator capacity
Demand；
Further, battery under different operating modes charge status computational methods it is as follows：
(1), parking operating mode
Generator is not worked under the operating mode, and whole power consumptions are provided by battery.Power consuming load only has OFF grades and born under the operating mode
Carry.
Wherein Q is battery power consumption, and it is the operating current of OFF grades of loads after parking, i.e. vehicle quiescent current that I is quiet；
(2), state of starting operating
Electric quantity consumption under the operating mode is mainly derived from starter, and starter drags engine direct to engine by gear
Normal work.This time is very of short duration, typically at 2 seconds or so,
Wherein Pe refers to the power required for dragging engine, and Vbattery refers to the normal voltage of battery, generally taken
12V；
(3), driving cycle
The discharge and recharge of battery is together decided on by generator power output and with the power consumption of electric loading under the operating mode, when
The bearing power of unlatching is in the power output of generator, and battery is in charged state, and when opening, load is excessive to be caused to generate electricity
When machine fan-out capability is not enough, battery is in discharge condition, and the output characteristics of generator can be calculated according to the rotating speed of engine
Out,
Generate electricity：
Electric discharge：
Further, the electrical demand of battery all preferably must be held on certain safe electricity under any circumstance,
To meet the driving demand of driver, the computational methods of electrical demand are：
Q ＞ SOCmin×Qmax+NStart×EStart/VBattery (5)
Wherein SOCmin is to can guarantee that the minimum state-of-charge that vehicle quickly starts, and it is battery to be set to 50%, Qmax
Maximum capacity, N start be minimum guarantee number of starts, be set to 4 times, E start be start need energy.According to equation
(5) and Qmax can extrapolate SOC threshold values, the dump energy of battery must step (2)：This threshold values must be more than；
Further, NEDC operating modes are emulated by MATLAB in step (2)；
Further, it is as follows by MATLAB emulation NEDC operating mode methods：The model of electric power system is built, by driving cycle
Road conditions be defined as NEDC operating modes, the speed defined according to NEDC operating modes can be according to the gearratio and generator of gearbox
The rotating speed of generator under the operating mode is extrapolated with the rotating ratio of engine, fitting is then done in Matlab and show that generator is hot
Under output characteristic curve equation, can show that the generating of generator under NEDC operating modes is special according to the output characteristic curve of generator
Linearity curve, the load for defining one group of fixation is opened, and counts the rated operational current of each load, and load current is solidified
For a steady state value 70A, then define the time of single loop and the time of each operating mode in single loop, using 15 days as
One circulation, it is 20 minutes NEDC operating modes to assume that driver only drives once to define driving cycle in this 15 days, will be started
Time be set as 2 seconds, remaining time is the parking time in single loop, after initial parameter is provided with, with stream
Journey writes MATLAB and carries out the change that emulation draws continuous battery SOC in 1 circulation；
Further, round-robin method is as follows：36 circulations are carried out, the charge and discharge in the usage cycles of a year and a half battery is simulated
Electric situation, sees the demand whether met in equation (5) to accumulator capacity.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages that and effect：
The present invention has taken into full account each electricity consumption operating mode of vehicle in use, including starts, travels and parking
Etc. operating mode；The influence of environmental factor is also contemplated simultaneously, and the starting under low temperature environment has been added in simulation calculation, has made calculating
As a result it is more accurate；The other simulation process simulates service condition of the battery in whole life cycle, it is to avoid only examine
Consider one-sidedness caused by new battery.The present invention can solve the vehicle frequency caused by battery type selecting is improper from technical standpoint simultaneously
Numerous power shortage, vehicle launch difficulty, the life of storage battery are reduced and the problems such as the cost caused by battery capacity selection is excessive is wasted.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is vehicle power-supply system schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is Matlab simulation model flow charts
Fig. 3 is NEDC operating modes
Fig. 4 is generator output characteristic curve and fit equation
Fig. 5 is output generator current and load current under NEDC operating modes
Fig. 6 is accumulator capacity change curve in 1 circulation of 60Ah batteries
Fig. 7 is accumulator capacity change curve in 36 circulations of 60Ah batteries
Fig. 8 is accumulator capacity change curve in 36 circulations of 45Ah batteries
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is described in further detail.
The power-supply system principle of vehicle is first simply introduced with reference to Fig. 1 below, the loop includes generator, battery
And some electric appliance loads in parallel.For example normally opened load of fractional load, is constantly in work shape in vehicle vehicle traveling process
State (such as ECU, TCU, electrical steering, instrument and the necessary electronic device of some other traveling).Also fractional load be can be with
(such as headlight, steering indicating light, air-conditioning, the drum being turned on or off with vehicle driving-cycle, driver or the demand of passenger
Blower fan, sound equipment, seat heating etc.), this fractional load belongs to variable load.There are some to be supported on after car locking is parked in addition also to exist
Work on (such as engine anti-theft, instrument, sound equipment, BCM, Air-Conditioning Control Panel, T-BOX), and this kind of load is referred to as OFF grades and born
Carry.Finally there is an important load to be starter on vehicle, it can consume most of electricity in starting process, to protect
Demonstrate,prove the smooth starting of engine.
It should be noted that the analog simulation method that Fig. 1 is only automobile storage battery type selecting provided in an embodiment of the present invention is fitted
The schematic diagram of circuit model, the present invention is not restricted to this.
First：One driving cycle can be divided into three kinds of operating modes：Parking operating mode, state of starting operating and driving cycle.
By theory analysis under different operating modes, the charge status of battery is calculated with related formula：
1st, parking operating mode
Generator is not worked under the operating mode, and whole power consumptions are provided by battery.Power consuming load only has OFF grades and born under the operating mode
Carry.
Wherein Q is battery power consumption, and it is the operating current of OFF grades of loads after parking, i.e. vehicle quiescent current that I is quiet.2、
State of starting operating
Electric quantity consumption under the operating mode is mainly derived from starter, and starter drags engine direct to engine by gear
Normal work.This time is very of short duration, typically at 2 seconds or so.
Wherein Pe refers to the power required for dragging engine, and Vbattery refers to the normal voltage of battery, generally taken
12V。
3rd, driving cycle
The discharge and recharge of battery is together decided on by generator power output and with the power consumption of electric loading under the operating mode.When
The bearing power of unlatching is in the power output of generator, and battery is in charged state.When opening, load is excessive to be caused to generate electricity
When machine fan-out capability is not enough, battery is in discharge condition.The output characteristics of generator can be calculated according to the rotating speed of engine
Out.
Generate electricity：
Electric discharge：
4th, demand
Accumulator electric-quantity all preferably must be held on certain safe electricity under any circumstance, to meet opening for driver
Car demand.
Q ＞ SOCmin×Qmax+NStart×EStart/VBattery (5)
Wherein SOCmin is to can guarantee that the minimum state-of-charge (being set to 50%) that vehicle quickly starts, and Qmax is battery
Maximum capacity, it is minimum guarantee number of starts (being set to 4 times) that N, which is started, and it is to start the energy needed that E, which is started,.According to side
Journey (5) and Qmax can extrapolate SOC threshold values, and the dump energy of battery have to be larger than this threshold values.The origin of equation (5)
Examine following two aspects：First considers SOCmin and Qmax, if battery electric quantity is less than this value, battery
Internal resistance will change rapidly, cause the increase of calculation error (simultaneously because the internal resistance of cell is continuous in the case of different SOC
Change, the data of theory are hardly resulted in, therefore we are equivalent to a constant internal resistance value)；Second considers NStart×
EStart/VBattery, it is because when running into some emergencies, it is necessary to carry out continuous several times startup.
For the correct type selecting of vehicle battery, it is necessary in view of various extreme environments, it is ensured that in any bad working environments
Lower battery SOC cannot be below threshold value, such as battery will also can guarantee that vehicle smoothly rises in low temperature, hot environment
It is dynamic.Simultaneously be also required to consider battery self discharge, even if because the chemical property of battery itself without using situation
Lower inside battery can also produce kwh loss.
In a cycle period, battery is constantly in discharge condition under start operating performance and parking operating mode, is expert at
It is to be in charged state to sail most of time in operating mode.Therefore need to consider that vehicle should in a cycle period when operating mode is divided
The most of time is in parked state, in order to simulate the worst operating mode during user's use.As shown in Fig. 2 being
Model flow figure in Matlab.
As shown in the flowchart of figure 2, we need the rated capacity and initial state-of-charge that input selected battery to enter
Row emulation.The model of electric power system is built first, the road conditions of driving cycle are defined as NEDC operating modes by us, the operating mode below figure
Shown in 3.
The speed defined according to NEDC operating modes, can be according to the gearratio and generator and the rotating speed of engine of gearbox
Than the rotating speed for extrapolating generator under the operating mode.For certain 110A automobile current generator, selected under heat engine state it is several not
Same rotating speed point tests its astable output electrical current.Then do in Matlab fitting and draw the hot lower output characteristics song of generator
Line equation, as a result such as Fig. 4.It can show that generator under NEDC operating modes is as shown in Figure 5 according to the output characteristic curve of generator
Power generation characteristics curve.Because load is difficult to clearly bear according to different driver's driving habits and weather condition randomness are larger
Carry electric current.So the load that we define one group of fixation is opened, and counts the rated operational current of each load, it will load
Electric current is cured as a steady state value 70A.
Then the time of single loop and the time of each operating mode in single loop are defined, we were used as one using 15 days
Circulation, it is 20 minutes NEDC operating modes to assume that driver only drives once to define driving cycle in this 15 days.Rule of thumb will
The time of startup is set as 2 seconds, and remaining time is the parking time in single loop.After initial parameter is provided with,
MATLAB is write with Fig. 2 flow and emulate the change below figure 6 for drawing continuous battery SOC in 1 circulation (with 60Ah electric power storages
Exemplified by pond)：
Then circulation as 36 (simulating the charge status in the usage cycles of a year and a half battery) is carried out, such as
Shown in Fig. 7, it is that 36Ah meets demand in equation (5) to accumulator capacity to draw accumulator capacity after a year and a half, i.e. type selecting is closed
Lattice.The progress emulation that battery is changed into 45Ah, which is obtained a result, to be illustrated in fig. 8 shown below, and accumulator capacity is 20.5Ah after a year and a half,
The demand to accumulator capacity in equation (5) is unsatisfactory for, i.e. battery type selecting is too small.Can be with by this MATLAB emulation modes
Volume change situation of the imitated storage battery in whole life cycle, and reasonably define vehicle dynamic and static dynamic and make
Use situation.Rational to carry out type selecting to accumulator capacity, shorten that construction cycle and reducing brings because type selecting is improper is numerous
Risk.
The present invention is exemplarily described above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is clear that the present invention is implemented not by aforesaid way
Limitation, as long as employ the inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention progress various improvement, or it is not improved directly apply
In other occasions, within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of analog simulation method of automobile storage battery type selecting, it is characterised in that described method includes：
Step (1)：Driving cycle is divided into three kinds of operating modes：Parking operating mode, state of starting operating and driving cycle, calculate battery
Ground charge status and electrical demand situation under different operating modes；
Step (2)：The rated capacity and initial state-of-charge of the selected battery of input, operating mode is emulated by MATLAB；
Step (3)：Multiple circulations are carried out, accumulator capacity after a year and a half is drawn, judges whether to meet the demand of accumulator capacity.
2. a kind of analog simulation method of automobile storage battery type selecting as claimed in claim 1, battery is under different operating modes
The computational methods of charge status are as follows：
(1), parking operating mode
Generator is not worked under the operating mode, and whole power consumptions are provided by battery.Power consuming load only has OFF grades of loads under the operating mode.
Wherein Q is battery power consumption, and it is the operating current of OFF grades of loads after parking, i.e. vehicle quiescent current that I is quiet；
(2), state of starting operating
Electric quantity consumption under the operating mode is mainly derived from starter, and it is normal to engine that starter drags engine direct by gear
Work.This time is very of short duration, typically at 2 seconds or so,
Wherein Pe refers to the power required for dragging engine, and Vbattery refers to the normal voltage of battery, generally takes 12V；
(3), driving cycle
The discharge and recharge of battery is together decided on by generator power output and with the power consumption of electric loading under the operating mode, works as unlatching
Bearing power in the power output of generator, battery be in charged state, when open load excessively cause generator defeated
When output capacity is not enough, battery is in discharge condition, and the output characteristics of generator can be calculated according to the rotating speed of engine,
Generate electricity：
Electric discharge：
3. a kind of analog simulation method of automobile storage battery type selecting as described in claim any one of 1-2, the battery
Electrical demand all preferably must be held on certain safe electricity under any circumstance, to meet the driving demand of driver, electricity
The computational methods of amount demand are：
Q ＞ SOCmin×Qmax+NStart×EStart/VBattery (5)
Wherein SOCmin is to can guarantee that the minimum state-of-charge that vehicle quickly starts, be set to 50%, Qmax be battery most
Large Copacity, it is minimum guarantee number of starts that N, which is started, is set to 4 times, and it is to start the energy needed that E, which is started,.According to equation (5)
And Qmax can extrapolate SOC threshold values, the dump energy of battery have to be larger than this threshold values.
4. pass through MATLAB in a kind of analog simulation method of automobile storage battery type selecting as claimed in claim 1, step (2)
Emulate NEDC operating modes.
5. a kind of analog simulation method of automobile storage battery type selecting as claimed in claim 1, NEDC works are emulated by MATLAB
Condition method is as follows：The model of electric power system is built, the road conditions of driving cycle are defined as NEDC operating modes, is defined according to NEDC operating modes
Speed, generator under the operating mode can be extrapolated according to the gearratio and generator of gearbox and the rotating ratio of engine
Rotating speed, then do in Matlab fitting draw generator it is hot under output characteristic curve equation, according to the output of generator
Characteristic curve can draw the power generation characteristics curve of generator under NEDC operating modes, and the load for defining one group of fixation is opened, and
Count each load rated operational current, load current is cured as a steady state value 70A, then define single loop when
Between and single loop in each operating mode time, using 15 days as one circulation, in this 15 days assume driver only drive
It is 20 minutes NEDC operating modes once to define driving cycle, and the time of startup is set as into 2 seconds, in single loop remaining when
Between be the parking time, after initial parameter is provided with, MATLAB write with flow carries out emulation and draw continuous in 1 circulation store
The change of battery SOC.
6. a kind of analog simulation method of automobile storage battery type selecting as claimed in claim 5, round-robin method is as follows：Carry out 36
Circulation, simulates the charge status in the usage cycles of a year and a half battery, sees whether meet in equation (5) to accumulator capacity
Demand.
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| CN107863569A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-03-30 | 中车工业研究院有限公司 | A kind of lithium-ion-power cell appraisal procedure and device |
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| CN109188049A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-11 | 惠州华阳通用电子有限公司 | A kind of mobile unit dark current detection method and device |
| CN109747438A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-05-14 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | The selection method and selection system of accumulator of electric car |
| CN110979210A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 北京经纬恒润科技有限公司 | Vehicle power supply system configuration method and device |
| CN112396127A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-02-23 | 东软睿驰汽车技术（沈阳）有限公司 | Vehicle part model selection method and device and related product |
| CN113219355A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-08-06 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Battery type selection method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN113820613A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-21 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Deterioration evaluation apparatus and deterioration evaluation method for secondary battery |
| CN114117728A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-03-01 | 东风汽车股份有限公司 | Method for selecting type of rated capacity of valve-regulated lead-acid storage battery of commercial vehicle |
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| CN107863569A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-03-30 | 中车工业研究院有限公司 | A kind of lithium-ion-power cell appraisal procedure and device |
| CN109143101A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-01-04 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of automobile storage battery status monitoring warning system and method |
| CN109143101B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-01-14 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile storage battery state monitoring and warning system and method |
| CN109188049B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-12-22 | 惠州华阳通用电子有限公司 | Method and device for detecting dark current of vehicle-mounted equipment |
| CN109188049A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-11 | 惠州华阳通用电子有限公司 | A kind of mobile unit dark current detection method and device |
| CN109747438B (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2021-07-16 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Model selection method and model selection system for storage battery of electric vehicle |
| CN109747438A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-05-14 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | The selection method and selection system of accumulator of electric car |
| CN110979210A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 北京经纬恒润科技有限公司 | Vehicle power supply system configuration method and device |
| CN110979210B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-09-21 | 北京经纬恒润科技股份有限公司 | Vehicle power supply system configuration method and device |
| CN113820613A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-21 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Deterioration evaluation apparatus and deterioration evaluation method for secondary battery |
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| CN114117728A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-03-01 | 东风汽车股份有限公司 | Method for selecting type of rated capacity of valve-regulated lead-acid storage battery of commercial vehicle |
| CN114563999A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-31 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining fault controller, vehicle-mounted terminal and system |
| CN114563999B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2024-02-02 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Determination method and device of fault controller, vehicle-mounted terminal and system |
| WO2024041102A1 (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2024-02-29 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Vehicle power battery configuration method and apparatus, electronic device and storage medium |
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