CN106976955B - Electrode, unipolar chamber bioelectrochemical device and method for adjusting hydraulic flow state of bioelectrochemical device - Google Patents
Electrode, unipolar chamber bioelectrochemical device and method for adjusting hydraulic flow state of bioelectrochemical device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106976955B CN106976955B CN201710285189.7A CN201710285189A CN106976955B CN 106976955 B CN106976955 B CN 106976955B CN 201710285189 A CN201710285189 A CN 201710285189A CN 106976955 B CN106976955 B CN 106976955B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention provides a folded electrode with a Z-shaped bent section, and the folded electrode is arranged in a single-pole chamber bioelectrochemical device, thereby further providing a method for adjusting the hydraulic flow state of the single-pole chamber bioelectrochemical device. The method can increase the concentration of pollutants on the surface of the electrode, promote the degradation of the pollutants on the surface of the electrode, prolong the actual retention time of the pollutants in the reactor, reduce the dead volume of the reactor, and slow down the problems of channeling, short flow and the like by adjusting and optimizing the characteristics of the hydraulic flow state. The method is simple and easy to operate, low in cost and high in efficiency, the application potential of the bioelectrochemical equipment is greatly improved, and in addition, the method can be used for a high-efficiency bioelectrochemical system for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater, mixed wastewater of industrial parks and micro-polluted wastewater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to an electrode, a monopolar chamber bioelectrochemical device and a method for adjusting hydraulic flow state of the bioelectrochemical device.
Background
As a new water treatment technology, the bioelectrochemical system has great potential in the aspects of refractory organic pollutants, resource energy recovery and the like, and attracts more and more attention and researches. In the bioelectrochemical system, chemical energy is converted into electric energy by taking microorganisms as a catalyst; according to the technology, the anode microorganisms efficiently utilize small molecular organic matters in the wastewater, the domesticated cathode microorganisms convert and degrade organic pollutants by taking the electrodes as electron donors, and the demand of the whole process on carbon source electron donors is far less than that of the traditional anaerobic process; the technology accelerates the reductive degradation of some refractory organic pollutants (such as nitroaromatics, azos, perchlorinated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons and the like) at the cathode through smaller energy input and potential condition control, thereby achieving the directional and efficient removal of the refractory pollutants. Except that in addition, the bioelectrochemical system can also carry out organic coupling with traditional anaerobism technology, and the space utilization of very big degree promotion anaerobism device increases the biomass, realizes efficient directional conversion to the remaining difficult degradation pollutant of anaerobism biological reaction, overcomes the shortcoming that the carbon source is few, COD/TKN ratio is low in the industrial waste water, strengthens the conversion of difficult degradation organic pollutant in the waste water, gets rid of.
The electrode is the core of a bioelectrochemical system, and is not only an electron acceptor (donor) interface carrier in the system, but also a carrier for the growth and attachment of microorganisms. Thus, the electrode performance will largely determine the performance of the electrochemical system of the whole organism. At present, the improvement of the electrode performance is mainly achieved through the following measures: (1) preference and modification of electrode materials, mainly doping of carbon matrix materials with nitrogen or the like to improve the conductivity of the materials, or seeking more suitable metal matrix materials as electrodes; (2) the structural morphology of the electrode is optimized in a micro-nano scale, and the electrode with a three-dimensional structure (vitreous carbon, foam copper, foam nickel and the like) is adopted to carry out structural modification and group modification on the surface of the electrode. All in all, these methods are based on the obtainment of an electrode with a high specific surface area, high electrical conductivity, high mechanical strength, strong biocompatibility and low environmental impact. However, these modification methods are difficult to be applied in large-scale engineering from the aspect of operation and cost.
To realize the scale engineering application of the bioelectrochemical system, the hydraulic flow regime characteristics of the reaction device must be considered. To some extent, the hydraulic flow regime characteristic is the most important design parameter for determining the operating efficiency of the reactor, because the hydraulic flow regime characteristic greatly affects mass transfer between media in the reactor, the removal rate of organic pollutants, sludge production and biofilm growth, the overall space utilization efficiency of the reactor, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The present invention is directed to an electrode, a monopolar cell bioelectrochemical device and a method for adjusting a hydraulic flow pattern thereof, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems.
(II) technical scheme
In one aspect of the present invention, an electrode is provided, which is a folded electrode having a zigzag-shaped cross-section.
Optionally, the folding angle of the folded electrode is 10 ° to 120 °.
Optionally, the folding angle of the folded electrode is 40-60 °.
Optionally, the electrode is made of a stainless steel net, and the mesh size of the stainless steel net is 24-80 meshes.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a single-chamber bioelectrochemical device comprising an anode and a cathode, both of which are as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4.
Optionally, still include the insulating piece, the angle of buckling of insulating piece is unanimous with the angle of buckling of fold electrode, is used for separating the positive pole with the negative pole, and is used for adjusting the positive pole with distance between the negative pole, the positive pole with distance between the negative pole is 0.1mm ~ 10 mm.
In still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for adjusting hydraulic flow pattern of a monopolar cell bioelectrochemical device, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing a folded electrode with a Z-shaped bent section;
s2, respectively using the folded electrodes as an anode and a cathode to be arranged in the device;
s3, changing the bending angle of the folded electrode and/or the distance between the anode and the cathode to adjust the hydraulic flow state of the device.
Optionally, the distance between the anode and the cathode is set to 0.1mm to 10 mm.
Optionally, step S1 includes the steps of:
s11, folding the electrode into a corrugated shape to obtain a corrugated electrode;
s12, performing surface treatment on the corrugated electrode;
and S13, connecting the treated corrugated electrode with a lead, and leading out a section of lead to be used as a current collector.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the electrode material used by the invention adopts the stainless steel mesh, firstly, the stainless steel mesh has high mechanical strength and can be subjected to better mechanical processing and forming; secondly, the stainless steel has strong chemical stability, acid and alkali resistance and corrosion resistance, and is widely suitable for various wastewater quality characteristics; thirdly, the stainless steel has good conductivity and low resistivity, and is suitable for being used as an electrode conductor; finally, compared with other types of electrode materials, stainless steel is low in price and easy to obtain;
(2) the electrode shape can be obtained only by simply folding the stainless steel mesh through an industrial bending machine, and the surface treatment of the electrode only uses the ethanol acetone and the acid solution, so that the processing and treating method of the electrode is simple, the operation and control are easy, the industrial cost is low, and the large-scale industrial production is easy to realize;
(3) the built-in folded electrode is arranged in the bioelectrochemical equipment, the hydraulic flow state characteristics are improved to a great extent, and the effects of promoting mass transfer among different media in the equipment, enriching the surface pollutant concentration of the electrode, accelerating the removal rate of organic pollutants, reducing sludge generation, promoting the growth of a biological membrane, fully utilizing the whole space of a reactor and the like are realized through the improvement of the hydraulic flow state;
(4) the invention can adjust the electrodes with different structures by the bending angle of the folded electrode and the size of the insulating sheet, thereby obtaining different hydraulic flow state characteristics and having larger controllability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a corrugated electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a monopolar cell bioelectrochemical device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating plastic sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a method for adjusting the hydraulic flow pattern of a single-pole-chamber bioelectrochemical device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the stainless steel net of FIG. 4 being cut;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the electrode connections of the corrugated electrode of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the distribution of different bend angles and distances between anode and cathode for a corrugated electrode of an embodiment of the present invention versus improved residence time for a bioelectrochemical device;
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing different bend angles and distances between anode and cathode for corrugated electrodes of an embodiment of the present invention versus actual residence time for improved bioelectrochemical systems;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the comparison of the removal efficiency of the mixed wastewater of AO7 treated by the bioelectrochemical device having a corrugated electrode according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
By using the modification method in the prior art, an electrode with high specific surface area, high conductivity, high mechanical strength, strong biocompatibility and low environmental impact is generally obtained. However, these modification methods are difficult to be applied in large-scale engineering from the aspect of operation and cost.
Moreover, the bioelectrochemical system comprises a multiphase multi-system of wastewater, sludge, biological membranes, electrodes, gas and the like, and the hydraulic flow state effect can be amplified in the bioelectrochemical system, so that the operation efficiency of the bioelectrochemical system is influenced to a greater extent. Therefore, the structural design and the surface treatment of the electrode are carried out under the condition of industrial size, and the electrode is arranged in the reactor in an adjusting and optimizing mode, so that the optimized bioelectrochemical equipment with the built-in electrode is a necessary way for realizing scale engineering of a bioelectrochemical system.
The invention mainly aims to solve the problems of high electrode cost, poor hydraulic flow state and the like in the process of realizing large-scale and engineering application of a bioelectrochemical system, and provides a method for adjusting the hydraulic flow state of bioelectrochemical equipment by a built-in folded electrode in order to realize large-scale amplification application of the built-in electrode of the bioelectrochemical system.
Based on the above, the invention provides a method for adjusting and optimizing the hydraulic flow state of a bioelectrochemical device by arranging a folded electrode, and provides an application of the bioelectrochemical device constructed by the method in treatment of wastewater containing pollutants such as azo, nitroaromatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. The electrode of the invention is applied to the bioelectrochemical equipment of the single-pole chamber, and can be used for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater, mixed wastewater of industrial parks and micro-polluted wastewater by adjusting and optimizing the hydraulic flow state. The method is simple and easy to operate, low in cost and high in efficiency, and the application potential of the monopolar chamber bioelectrochemical system is greatly improved.
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
The technical solution provided by the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, and includes any combination and parameter adjustment for various specific embodiments.
In one aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an electrode is provided, and fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a folded electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, a conductive material of the electrode is prepared, and a stainless steel mesh is selected to obtain the folded electrode, where h1 is a folded electrode folded region height, h2 is a folded electrode current collecting region height, α is a folding angle of the folded electrode, and is a folded edge length, and W is a width of the conductive material for preparing the electrode. The cross section of the folded electrode is bent in a Z shape, and the bending angle is 10-120 degrees, and more preferably 40 degrees. The bending angle is controlled within the range of 60 degrees, when the electrode is applied to the bioelectrochemical equipment of the single-pole chamber, the hydraulic flow state characteristics of the equipment can be well adjusted and optimized, and pollutants which are difficult to degrade in sewage can be more effectively removed. The electrode is a conductive material which is ductile and hardly corroded, and examples thereof include metals such as stainless steel and titanium, and carbon-based materials such as carbon felt, graphite plate and graphite felt. Stainless steel is selected in the embodiments of the present invention for the following reasons: firstly, the stainless steel mesh has high mechanical strength, which enables better machining and forming; secondly, the stainless steel has strong chemical stability, acid and alkali resistance and corrosion resistance, and is widely suitable for various wastewater quality characteristics; thirdly, the stainless steel has good conductivity and low resistivity, and is suitable for being used as an electrode conductor; finally, stainless steel is inexpensive and readily available compared to other types of electrode materials.
In another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a monopolar cell bioelectrochemical device, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the monopolar cell bioelectrochemical device according to the embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, including: an external resistor 4, an external power supply 5, a water inlet 6, a corrugated anode 7, a corrugated cathode 8, a water outlet 9 and an insulating plastic sheet (not shown in fig. 2, please refer to fig. 3). The cross sections of the corrugated cathode and the corrugated anode are bent in a Z shape, and the electrode material is a conductive material which has ductility and is not easy to corrode. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating plastic sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, h3 is the height of the corrugated insulating plastic sheet, β is the bending angle of the corrugated insulating plastic sheet, and d is the distance between the anode and the cathode. An insulating sheet (e.g., an insulating plastic sheet) should be placed between the anode and cathode in conformity with the folding angle of the corrugated electrodes to maintain a constant distance between the anode and cathode and an insulating environment between the anode and cathode while preventing the two electrodes from being short-circuited. Because the device is a single-pole chamber device, the insulating sheet is provided with small holes so that the sewage can flow in the anode and the cathode, the ion transmission between the anode and the cathode is more facilitated, and the refractory organic matters in the sewage are degraded. Such as nitroaromatics, azos, perchloranes, aromatics, and the like.
In another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a method for adjusting a hydraulic flow state of a single-pole-chamber bioelectrochemical device, where fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of steps of the method for adjusting a hydraulic flow state of a single-pole-chamber bioelectrochemical device according to the embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, including the steps of:
step S1: preparing a folded electrode with a Z-shaped bent section, wherein the step S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
first, step S11 is performed: taking a stainless steel net as an electrode material, cutting the industrial stainless steel net to a stainless steel mesh sheet with a specific required size, and fig. 5 is a schematic cutting diagram of the stainless steel net in fig. 4, as shown in fig. 5, We is the electrode width and Le is the stainless steel mesh sheet length. Next, the cut stainless steel mesh sheet was folded at a fixed folding angle on an industrial bender, thereby obtaining a folded electrode having a cross-section folded in a zigzag shape (see fig. 1).
In the embodiment of the present invention, the stainless steel net adopts 300 series stainless steel nets (chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel), preferably 304, 304L, 316 and 316L stainless steel nets, more preferably 316L stainless steel nets; the mesh specification of the stainless steel mesh is 24-80 meshes, and more preferably 30-50 meshes; the folding angle of the folded electrode is 10-120 degrees, and more preferably 40-60 degrees.
Next, step S12 is performed: and (3) carrying out surface cleaning on the prepared folded electrode by using an ethanol-acetone mixed solution, carrying out surface soaking treatment by using an acid solution after the surface cleaning, washing by using deionized water after the soaking treatment, and then drying at room temperature. In the embodiment of the invention, the volume ratio of ethanol to acetone in the ethanol-acetone mixed solution is 0.5-2, and more preferably 1; the acid is HNO with the concentration of 0.5-1.5 mol/L3HCl and H25O4More preferably 1mol/L of H25O4(ii) a The soaking time is 16-32 h, and more preferably 24 h.
Then, step S13 is performed: the corrugated electrode is connected with the lead through a screw (such as a plastic screw) which is not easy to corrode, and the lead is led out to be used as a current collector. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of electrode connection of the folded electrode in fig. 4, as shown in fig. 6, a hole is drilled in an electrode current collecting region, one end of a titanium wire is made into an annular shape by a tool, and the annular shape of the titanium wire is connected with the hole of the electrode current collecting region by a plastic screw 3. And sleeving a layer of heat-shrinkable tube 2 on the rest titanium wire, exposing a section of titanium wire at the other end, and using the whole as a current collector 1. In the embodiment of the invention, titanium wires are selected, and copper wires or gold wires can also be selected because the titanium wires are not easily corroded by water and oxygen, and the diameter of the titanium wires is 1 mm-2 mm, and is more preferably 1.5 mm.
In addition, wherein the length (L) of the stainless steel net is determined by the bending angle (alpha) of the corrugated electrode and the height (h) of the electrode, and the specific size of the L is calculatedThe formula is as follows:
step S2, two identical folded electrodes are respectively used as an anode and a cathode to be built in the single-electrode chamber bioelectrochemical device.
Step S3, changing the bending angle of the folded electrode and/or the distance between the anode and the cathode to adjust the hydraulic flow state of the device, specifically:
the distance between the anode and the cathode is changed by changing the position of the insulating plastic sheet in the apparatus, and generally, the distance between the anode and the cathode is 0.1mm to 10mm, and preferably 0.2 mm. The hydraulic flow regime can be varied by varying the distance between the anode and cathode and, in addition, by varying the corrugated electrode.
In general, the hydraulic flow regime can be characterized by obtaining a residence time distribution curve through an ion tracing method or by calculating flow field characteristics of a hydrodynamics simulation reaction system. The computational fluid dynamics is based on computer simulations, and will not be described herein. According to the embodiment of the invention, the retention time distribution curve is obtained by an ion tracing method to represent the hydraulic flow state. Using lithium sulfate (Li)2SO4) And as a tracer, determining a residence time distribution curve of the bioelectrochemical device with the built-in corrugated electrode by an ion tracing method, and adjusting the bending angle of the corrugated electrode and the width of the plastic insulating sheet to maintain different distances between the anode and the cathode, so as to obtain the bioelectrochemical device with the optimized hydraulic flow state by adjusting the bending angle of the corrugated electrode and the distance between the anode and the cathode.
The inventive effect of the present invention is demonstrated by the following examples:
example 1:
in the embodiment of the invention, a 304 stainless steel net with the aperture specification of 50 meshes is cut into 2 pieces of stainless steel net sheets with the size of 80mm (We) x 1470mm (le), the cut stainless steel net sheets are folded by an industrial bending machine, so that the folding edge length of an electrode is 30mm, and the electrode is electrically foldedThe bending angle alpha of the pole is 40 degrees; the height of the whole electrode is 550mm, wherein the height h1 of a corrugated electrode corrugated area is 500mm, and the height h2 of a current collecting area is 50 mm; soaking two electrodes with a bending angle alpha of 40 degrees in a mixed solution of ethanol and acetone in a volume ratio of 1, and cleaning for 15min under the ultrasonic condition at room temperature; dipping the cleaned electrode in H with the concentration of 1mol/L2SO4The solution is soaked for 24 hours at room temperature, then the electrode is taken out and is rinsed for 3 times by deionized water and then dipped to be dry. And (3) punching a hole in the electrode current collecting area, wherein the diameter of the hole is 8mm, a titanium wire with the diameter of 2mm is selected, one end of the titanium wire is made into an annular shape with the diameter of 8mm by using a tool, and the annular shape of the titanium wire is connected with the hole in the electrode current collecting area by using a plastic screw 3 of M8. And sleeving a layer of heat-shrinkable tube 2 on the rest titanium wires, exposing a 10cm long titanium wire at the other end, and using the whole as a current collector 1. The two prepared electrodes are placed in an organic glass reactor with the size of 80mm (Wr) multiplied by 36mm (Lr) multiplied by 580mm (Hr), a folded insulating plastic sheet with the size of 500mm (h3) multiplied by 2mm (d) and the bending angle beta of 40 degrees is placed at the position of two side walls of the reactor, and the distance between the anode and the cathode is maintained to be 2 mm. And the anode and the cathode are connected with an external power supply 5, an external resistor 4 and a data acquisition system to form the bioelectrochemical device. After successful assembly, Li is used2SO4As a tracer, an ion tracing method is adopted to carry out Li on bioelectrochemical equipment with a built-in folded electrode under the conditions that the theoretical hydraulic retention time is 2h, 4h, 6h and 8h respectively+Is characterized by the residence time distribution curve. And (3) inoculating 10mL of sludge into the bioelectrochemical equipment after performing flow state characterization, and then performing acclimatization culture under the condition that the applied voltage is 0.5V so as to perform in-situ enrichment culture on the anode electrode module microorganisms. Municipal wastewater with 100mg/L acid orange 7(AO7) added during the experiment was used to verify the degradation efficiency of the example on refractory organic pollutants at theoretical hydraulic retention times of 2h, 4h, 6h and 8 h.
Example 2:
the only difference from example 1 is that: a304 stainless steel net with an aperture size of 50 meshes is cut into a stainless steel net sheet 2 sheet with the size of 80mm (We) multiplied by 2930mm (le), and the folding angle alpha of the folded electrode is 20 degrees. The two prepared electrodes are placed in an organic glass reactor with the size of 80mm (Wr) multiplied by 44mm (Lr) multiplied by 580mm (Hr), a folded insulating plastic sheet with the size of 500mm (h3) multiplied by 2mm (d) and the bending angle beta of 20 degrees is placed at the position of the two side walls of the reactor, and the distance between the anode and the cathode is maintained to be 2 mm.
Example 3:
the only difference from example 1 is that: the two prepared electrodes are placed in an organic glass reactor with the size of 80mm (Wr) multiplied by 40mm (Lr) multiplied by 580mm (Hr), a folded insulating plastic sheet with the size of 500mm (h3) multiplied by 6mm (d) and the bending angle beta of 20 degrees is placed at the position of two side walls of the reactor, and the distance between the anode and the cathode is maintained to be 4 mm.
Comparative example:
in order to keep the area of the electrode consistent with that of example 1, the 304 stainless steel mesh with a pore size of 50 mesh was cut into 6 pieces of stainless steel mesh sheets with a size of 80mm × 490mm in the comparative example, and the 6 flat electrodes were immersed in ethanol: cleaning the mixture with 1 (volume ratio) acetone for 15min at room temperature under ultrasonic conditions; dipping the cleaned electrode in H with the concentration of 1mol/L2SO4The solution is soaked for 24 hours at room temperature, then the electrode is taken out, washed by deionized water for 3 times and dipped to be dry. Punching a hole on the electrode, wherein the diameter of the hole is 8mm, selecting a titanium wire with the diameter of 2mm, manufacturing one end of the titanium wire into a circular ring with the diameter of 8mm by using a tool, and connecting the circular ring of the titanium wire with the hole on the electrode by using a plastic screw of M8. And sleeving a layer of heat-shrinkable tube on the rest titanium wires, exposing a 10cm long titanium wire at the other end, and using the whole as a current collector. The two sheets of the obtained electrodes were placed in a reactor having a size of 80mm (length) × 36mm (width) × 580mm (height), and a wrinkled insulating plastic sheet having a size of 500mm (h3) × 2mm (d) was placed in a position stuck to both side walls of the reactor, maintaining the distance between the anode and the cathode at 2 mm. And the anode and the cathode are connected with an external power supply 5, an external resistor 4 and a data acquisition system to form the bioelectrochemical device. After successful assembly, Li is used2SO4As a tracer, adopting an ion tracing method to stay for the theoretical hydraulic retention time of a bioelectrochemical device with a built-in corrugated electrodeLi under the conditions of 2h, 4h, 6h and 8h respectively+Is characterized by the residence time distribution curve. And (3) inoculating 10mL of sludge into the bioelectrochemical equipment after performing flow state characterization, and then performing acclimatization culture under the condition that the applied voltage is 0.5V so as to perform in-situ enrichment culture on the anode electrode module microorganisms. Municipal wastewater with 100mg/L acid orange 7(AO7) added during the experiment was used to verify the degradation efficiency of the example on refractory organic pollutants at theoretical hydraulic retention times of 2h, 4h, 6h and 8 h.
Next, verifying the hydraulic flow state characteristics of the bioelectrochemical device:
fig. 7 is a graph showing residence time distribution of the improved bioelectrochemical device using the electrode according to the example of the present invention and the conventional electrode pair, and as shown in fig. 7, the residence time distribution curves (RTD) obtained in example 1, example 2 and example 3 are compared with those of the comparative example: when the peak value of the RTD in the comparative example occurs at 0.35 θ, the peak values of the RTD in example 1, example 2 and example 3 are delayed, and occur at 0.57 θ, 0.61 θ and 1.26 θ, respectively; the RTDs in the comparative examples exhibited a number of small peaks, indicating that channeling or channeling was present in the comparative examples, which was alleviated in examples 1, 2 and 3.
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing the actual retention time of the bioelectrochemical system improved by the electrode of the embodiment of the present invention and the existing electrode pair, as shown in FIG. 8, when the water inlet rates of the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2, the embodiment 3 and the comparative example are fixed at different theoretical HRT (2, 4, 6 and 8h), the actual retention time/theoretical retention time obtained in the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 are all more than 1, the embodiment is much less than 1, and when the theoretical HRT is 2h, the actual retention time/theoretical retention time values of the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2, the embodiment 3 and the comparative example are 1.23, 1.06, 1.09 and 0.75, respectively; the actual/theoretical residence time values for example 1, example 2, example 3 and comparative example were 1.24, 1.13, 1.10 and 0.83, respectively, when the theoretical HRT was 4 h; the actual/theoretical residence time values for example 1, example 2, example 3 and comparative example were 1.36, 1.14, 1.05 and 0.88, respectively, when the theoretical HRT was 6 h; the actual/theoretical residence time values for example 1, example 2, example 3 and comparative example were 1.24, 1.15, 1.06 and 0.84, respectively, when the theoretical HRT was 6 h.
The above results illustrate that: compared with the comparative example, the dead volume of the reactor is greatly reduced, the space utilization rate of the reactor is increased, and the actual residence time of pollutants in the reactor is prolonged in the examples 1, 2 and 3. The invention also shows that the water flow pattern characteristic of the bioelectrochemical device can be greatly improved by the method of the built-in corrugated electrode.
Next, the removal of organic contaminants of the bioelectrochemical device was verified:
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the dye removal efficiency of the mixed wastewater of AO7 treated by the electrode of the embodiment of the present invention and the conventional electrode in the bioelectrochemical device, as shown in FIG. 9, when the bioelectrochemical device with built-in wrinkle electrode flow adjustment as described in the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2, the embodiment 3 and the comparative example is used for treating wastewater containing refractory pollutants, the dye load is increased by gradually reducing the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) while controlling the AO7 concentration in the influent water to be about 100mg.L-1, and the HRT is controlled to be four stages of 8h, 6h, 4h and 2h during the continuous experiment process, and the dye loads corresponding to the four stages are 300 g.m.m.- 3.d-1、400g.m-3.d-1、600g.m-3.d-1And 1200g.m-3.d-1(ii) a The removal rates of AO7 of example 1 were 89.91. + -. 0.43%, 85.48. + -. 1.98%, 63.48. + -. 1.43% and 52.57. + -. 1.66%, respectively; the removal rates of AO7 in example 2 were 91.08. + -. 0.75%, 84.70. + -. 3.64%, 75.54. + -. 3.49% and 62.6. + -. 21.48%, respectively; the removal rates of AO7 in example 3 were 76.56. + -. 0.75%, 74.03. + -. 3.64%, 61.04. + -. 3.49% and 43.18. + -. 1.48%, respectively; however, the removal rates of AO7 in the comparative examples were 52.37. + -. 2.41%, 49.94. + -. 3.68%, 35.71. + -. 2.01% and 22.61. + -. 0.42%, respectively. The above results can significantly verify the advantages of the bioelectrochemical apparatus for adjusting the flow pattern by the built-in wrinkle electrode in the present example in treating wastewater.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The single-pole-chamber bioelectrochemical device is characterized by comprising a water inlet, a water outlet, an anode and a cathode, wherein the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively positioned at two ends of the single-pole-chamber bioelectrochemical device, the anode and the cathode are folded electrodes with Z-shaped sections, the Z-shaped folding extension direction of the folded electrodes is consistent with the water flow direction from the water inlet to the water outlet, and the folding angle of the folded electrodes is 40-60 degrees.
2. The monopolar cell bioelectrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is made of a stainless steel mesh having a mesh size of 24 to 80 mesh.
3. The mono-polar chamber bio-electrochemical device according to claim 1, further comprising an insulation sheet having a bending angle corresponding to that of the folded electrode for separating the anode and the cathode and for adjusting a distance between the anode and the cathode, the distance between the anode and the cathode being 0.1mm to 10 mm.
4. A method for adjusting the hydraulic flow state of a monopolar chamber bioelectrochemical device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a folded electrode with a Z-shaped bent section;
s2, the corrugated electrode is respectively used as an anode and a cathode and is arranged in the equipment, and the extending direction of the Z-shaped bend of the corrugated electrode is consistent with the water flow direction;
s3, changing the bending angle of the folded electrode and/or the distance between the anode and the cathode to adjust the hydraulic flow state of the device.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the distance between the anode and the cathode is set to 0.1mm to 10 mm.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the step S1 includes the steps of:
s11, folding the electrode into a corrugated shape to obtain a corrugated electrode;
s12, performing surface treatment on the corrugated electrode;
and S13, connecting the treated corrugated electrode with a lead, and leading out a section of lead to be used as a current collector.
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| CN108483584B (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2023-10-31 | 华侨大学 | Electrocatalytic reaction device |
| CN111847594B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2022-10-21 | 中关村至臻环保股份有限公司 | Nano electrochemical electrode, electrode assembly and preparation method thereof |
| CN113213624B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2023-03-10 | 北京工业大学 | Sewage treatment device with built-in electroactive biological carrier module |
| CN113023874B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2024-02-06 | 江苏苏净集团有限公司 | Bioelectrochemical electrode with arc-shaped structure and application thereof |
| CN113880232B (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2023-05-30 | 上海林海生态技术股份有限公司 | Double electrode plate structure suitable for bioelectrochemical system |
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