CN1069751C - Tube for heat exchanger - Google Patents
Tube for heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1069751C CN1069751C CN97121185A CN97121185A CN1069751C CN 1069751 C CN1069751 C CN 1069751C CN 97121185 A CN97121185 A CN 97121185A CN 97121185 A CN97121185 A CN 97121185A CN 1069751 C CN1069751 C CN 1069751C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- heat exchanger
- transfer pipe
- phenolic resin
- tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009730 filament winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/14—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups
- F16L9/147—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups comprising only layers of metal and plastics with or without reinforcement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
- F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
- F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
- F16L58/10—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics
- F16L58/1009—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics the coating being placed inside the pipe
- F16L58/1027—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics the coating being placed inside the pipe the coating being a sprayed layer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/02—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of carbon, e.g. graphite
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
- F28F21/062—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material the heat-exchange apparatus employing tubular conduits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provided a tube for use in a heat exchanger which costs less dearly than the conventional counterparts and excels them in workability and yet exhibits resistance to heat, resistance to corrosion, and mechanical strength at levels at least comparable with those of the conventional materials. A tube is produced by laminating a carbon cloth woven with carbon fibers of high strength grade or high elasticity grade by the use of a thermosetting phenol resin of the novolak form or the resol form applied to the inner face and the outer face of the carbon cloth.
Description
Scope of the present invention
This invention is about heat transfering tube of heat exchanger, and it is used in such occasion, as the air heater of combustion heavy oil or coal fired boiler, and the gas heater of discharging flue gas desulfur device, and need the corrosion-resistant chemical plant resemble the sulfuric acid plant.
Relevant technical order
Combustion heavy oil or coal fired boiler air heater, the used heat exchanger of gas heater and sulfuric acid plant of discharging flue gas desulfur device, its heat-transfer pipe needs strong corrosion resistant, because they are exposed in the high-temperature high concentration sulfuric acid.Therefore, up to the present these heat-transfer pipes have adopted more such materials, as comprise the nickel-base alloy of special composition, the graphitic carbon particle of fluoro resin or shaping.
Use the heat exchanger cost of above-mentioned various made heat-transfer pipes very high, because these materials defectiveness but also very expensive on the workability not only.Because the graphitic carbon particle that is shaped has deficiency on these mechanical propertys such as shock-resistant and elastic strength, the heat-transfer pipe made from the graphitic carbon particle that is shaped needs very large wall thickness.Therefore, adopt the heat exchanger of this heat-transfer pipe, running into its size increases a lot of difficulties.
The present invention's general introduction
In this case, the objective of the invention is heat transfering tube of heat exchanger is taken measures, make it more much lower, and on workability, surpass them than traditional like product cost, also demonstrate heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant and mechanical strength level the like product with traditional is suitable at least.
Be intended to realize above-mentioned purpose, the heat transfering tube of heat exchanger of being invented, it is characterized in that by phenolic resin and cloth lamination manufacturing.
The accompanying drawing summary
Fig. 1 is a sectional drawing, brief description first embodiment's who is used for heat transfering tube of heat exchanger that invented cross-sectional configuration.
Fig. 2 is a sectional drawing, brief description second embodiment's who is used for heat transfering tube of heat exchanger that invented cross-sectional configuration.
Fig. 3 is a sectional drawing, brief description the 3rd embodiment's who is used for heat transfering tube of heat exchanger that invented cross-sectional configuration.
The description of preferred embodiment
The heat transfering tube of heat exchanger of being invented is first embodiment be described below, referring to Fig. 1.Fig. 1 has been the brief description sectional drawing of heat-transfer pipe cross-sectional configuration.
As shown in Figure 1, heat-transfer pipe 10 utilization affacts manufacturing on the carbon cloth 11 that carbon fiber that the internal surface of carbon cloth 11 and the thermosetting property first rank (resol) on the outer surface and linear (novolak) phenolic resin 12 be layered in high strength grade and high elasticity grade is made into.Utilize the mold technology, this heat-transfer pipe 10 is made easily.
Use resol 12 can obtain much good effect, because it is penetrated into the inside of carbon cloth 11 easily.As option, use phenolic resin 12 pre-soaked carbon cloths 11, and then impregnated carbon cloth is processed into semi-finished product and obtains preimpregnation material.
The heat-transfer pipe of this structure can make the heat exchanger volume reduce and cost reduces, and is a lot of because it lack than traditional like product cost, on workability above them, also demonstrate heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant and mechanical strength level suitable with above-mentioned traditional material at least.
The heat transfering tube of heat exchanger of being invented is second embodiment be described below, referring to Fig. 2.Fig. 2 has been the brief description sectional drawing of this heat-transfer pipe cross-sectional configuration.Among the figure, element transplanting used in the foregoing description is come, represent with similar reference number.Here no longer explanation.
As shown in Figure 2, heat-transfer pipe 20 acts on folded manufacturing of some carbon cloths 21 belts of carbon cloth 21 inner and outer surface by being cylindrical arrangements around it with phenolic resin 12.Certainly, described heat-transfer pipe 20 can with the foregoing description in the same mold technology of pipe 10 create at an easy rate.Be arranged in its some carbon cloth bands on every side because heat-transfer pipe 20 is used, promptly upwards cut apart carbon cloth 21 in week, it is more favourable than the mold of the heat-transfer pipe among the last embodiment.
The structure of heat-transfer pipe 20, be similar to the pipe 10 in the foregoing description, the heat exchanger volume is reduced and the cost reduction, because, the same with the pipe 10 in the foregoing description, this heat-transfer pipe lack a lot than the cost of traditional like product, but on workability above them, also demonstrate heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant and mechanical strength level suitable with above-mentioned traditional material at least.
The heat transfering tube of heat exchanger of being invented is the 3rd embodiment be described below, referring to Fig. 3.Fig. 3 has been the brief description sectional drawing of this heat-transfer pipe cross-sectional configuration.Among the figure, element value of moving used in the foregoing description is come, represent with same reference number, here no longer explanation.
As shown in Figure 3, heat-transfer pipe 30 is by being cylindrical arrangements around it, act on the some carbon cloth bands 21 stacked manufacturings of carbon cloth 21 inner and outer surface with phenolic resin 12, simultaneously, will be by the carbon fiber of high strength grade or high elasticity grade thick carbon filament 33, wrap up on the outer surface of phenolic resin layer 12 of carbon cloth 21 outer surface sides, and phenolic resin 34 is covered the outside of thick carbon filament 33, promptly manage 20 outer surface in the above-described embodiments and form thick carbon filament and phenolic resin layer again.Thick carbon filament 33 is used resin impregnating, adopt colligation technology or filament winding technology with above-mentioned thick carbon filament 33 abreast or on the outer surface of the spiral heat-transfer pipe 20 that is fixed on a last embodiment simultaneously.
When above-mentioned phenolic resin 34 is resol, can obtain better effect, because it is penetrated into the inside of thick carbon filament 33 easily.As a kind of selection, available phenolic resin 34 pre-soaked thick carbon filaments 33, and then impregnated carbon cloth is processed into semi-finished product obtaining preimpregnation material, thick carbon filament 33 and phenolic resin 34 add the number of plies and used bed thickness can be according to the quality choose reasonable that will produce pipeline.
The heat exchanger that the heat-transfer pipe 30 of this structure makes manufacturing demonstrates better quality than using the heat exchanger that heat-transfer pipe 20 is made among the embodiment.Because it is at the heat-transfer pipe 20 that has surpassed an embodiment aspect heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant and the mechanical strength.
That is invented is used in heat-transfer pipe on the heat exchanger, have cheap, highly processable, also demonstrate heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant, the heat-transfer pipe with traditional is suitable at least for mechanical strength level.In the time of in the heat exchanger that under this heat-transfer pipe is used in as severe rugged environment, uses, as the air heater in heavy oil boiler or the coal fired boiler, gas heater in the discharging flue gas desulfur device, and resemble sulfuric acid plant and need the various chemical plant of corrosion-resistant like this, it makes the heat exchanger volume reduce and cost lowers.
Done following test to verify the effect of the heat transfering tube of heat exchanger of being invented.
(test 1)
＜test method 〉
Following three sample 1-3 are through the strictness manufacturing, allow it bear the sulfuric acid solution 720 hours of the different moisture content of following condition, check that then outer surface variation, weight change and elastic strength change.
＜test conditions 〉
" sample 1 "
One carbon cloth mold is passed through phenolic resin (first rank) (made by Fuji Resin Kogyo K.K, brand name is " FujiKemekku#10 ") so that form the pipe of resin layer (first embodiment's pattern) manufacturing on the carbon cloth.
Sample size
Diameter 26mm
Length 120mm
Wall thickness 1mm
" sample 2 "
Be arranged in carbon cloth band mold on every side with three and pass through used same phenolic resin in the sample 1, on cloth, form resin layer (second embodiment's pattern) in this way.
Size such as sample 1.
" sample 3 "
Be arranged in carbon cloth band mold on every side with three and pass through used same phenolic resin in the sample 1, be wound on the carbon cloth outer surface of managing adhesive layer (the 3rd embodiment's pattern) at the thick carbon filament that forms resin layer on the cloth and resin impregnating is crossed in this way.
Except wall thickness is 2mm, the size of sample and sample 1 measure-alike.
" sulfuric acid solution of water content "
With two kinds of solution, as A solution, concentration be 75% and temperature be 120 ℃; B solution, concentration be 82% and temperature be 140 ℃.
＜test result 〉
Can be clear that from table 1 sample 1 and 2 is no problem, particularly in A solution, and in the such problem of separation that has more only occurred resembling layer than A solution in the rigorous environment B solution.Yet sample 3 shows better physical property than sample 1 and 2 in A and B solution, even and the problem of any kind also can not occur in B solution.
Table 1
| Surface (range estimation) | Weight change (mg/cm 2) | Elastic strength changes (%) | ||||
| Solution A | Solution B | Solution A | Solution B | Solution A | Solution B | |
| Sample 123 | No change no change no change | There is perceptible variation that perceptible variation no change is arranged | 10.4 9.2 6.3 | 23.4 19.8 12.7 | 12 10 5 | 25 19 10 |
*The surface area of weight change=(weight before test back weight-test)/submergence
Elastic strength changes=(elastic strength before the test-test back elastic strength)/elastic strength * 100 before testing
Perceptible variation is arranged: separate along the cloth joint
Test result draws: the heat-transfer pipe of sample 1 and 2 types, the i.e. pipe of the sort of type of describing among first and second embodiments, can be used in effectively in the such environment of above-mentioned A solution, and the heat-transfer pipe of sample 3 types, the i.e. pipe of the sort of type of describing among the 3rd embodiment is in the such environment of above-mentioned B solution.
(test 2)
＜test method 〉
Make same sample 1-3 in the test 1.Make heat exchanger with sample 1-3 and carry out test run, open and check the variation that may occur then with decision.When making heat exchanger, sample 3 is used in the part and the sample 1 and 2 that will be heated to above 135 ℃ of temperature and is used in the part that will be heated to 135 ℃ of following temperature.
＜test conditions 〉
The heat exchanging function of heat exchanger: 70000Kcal/h
Thermal source: exhaust (surveying supply) by shell
Composition=H
2O 11%
CO
2 10％
SO
2 50ppm
SO
3 10ppm
Temperature during air feed: 150 ℃
Temperature during discharging: 120 ℃
Gas supply flow: 15000m
3N/h
Heated medium: water (by the inboard supply of pipe)
Working time: 6 hours (continuously)
＜test result 〉
Inspection after opening heat exchanger and carrying out test run under these conditions, all used heat-transfer pipes are not found any unusual in the heat exchanger.
Reach a conclusion from test result: can safe operation under the environment of severe corrosive with the heat exchanger that above-mentioned heat-transfer pipe is made.
Claims (4)
1. a heat transfering tube of heat exchanger is characterized in that, this heat-transfer pipe has the lamination manufacturing of phenolic resin carbon cloth.
2. according to the heat-transfer pipe of claim 1, wherein the said goods is made by the mold technology.
3. according to the heat-transfer pipe of claim 1 or 2, be provided with a layer that comprises thick carbon filament and above-mentioned phenolic resin on its outer surface.
4. according to the heat-transfer pipe of claim 3, wherein above-mentioned thick carbon filament and above-mentioned phenolic resin layer are by fine rule winding technology fix in position.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP283449/96 | 1996-10-25 | ||
| JP283449/1996 | 1996-10-25 | ||
| JP8283449A JPH10132492A (en) | 1996-10-25 | 1996-10-25 | Tube for heat exchanger |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1186192A CN1186192A (en) | 1998-07-01 |
| CN1069751C true CN1069751C (en) | 2001-08-15 |
Family
ID=17665695
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97121185A Expired - Fee Related CN1069751C (en) | 1996-10-25 | 1997-10-24 | Tube for heat exchanger |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH10132492A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR19980033090A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1069751C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ336297A3 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR199701248A3 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW453892B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100329271B1 (en) * | 2000-04-03 | 2002-03-18 | 구자홍 | Plastic evaporator for refrigerator |
| JP5043349B2 (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2012-10-10 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | Acid-resistant fixed seal joint |
| DE202006012094U1 (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2007-12-20 | Schnura, Axel | Radiator for cooling a carbon fiber composite fluid |
| GB2503494A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-01 | Bae Systems Plc | Heat exchanger comprising a fibre reinforced polymer composite |
| CN106052207B (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2018-07-03 | 安徽天祥空调科技有限公司 | The cold collecting tube of parallel flow condenser to split is prevented in a kind of anticorrosion |
| CN108191448A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-06-22 | 航天睿特碳材料有限公司 | A kind of method that winding process prepares carbon/carbon cylinder |
| CN116635130A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2023-08-22 | 马斯克公司 | Scrubber Outlet Assembly |
| JP7748185B2 (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2025-10-02 | 倉敷紡績株式会社 | Method for manufacturing fiber-reinforced hollow molding |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2059013A (en) * | 1979-09-18 | 1981-04-15 | Dainippon Screen Mfg | Covered rollers |
| US4296804A (en) * | 1979-06-28 | 1981-10-27 | Resistoflex Corporation | Corrosion resistant heat exchanger element and method of manufacture |
| JPS6143326A (en) * | 1984-08-07 | 1986-03-01 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Coordinate detector |
| JPS6221524A (en) * | 1985-07-23 | 1987-01-29 | Nichias Corp | Manufacture of synthetic resin tube bundle for heat exchanger |
| EP0744586A1 (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1996-11-27 | Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. | Heat transfer material |
| JP4036597B2 (en) * | 2000-03-08 | 2008-01-23 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Low temperature showcase |
-
1996
- 1996-10-25 JP JP8283449A patent/JPH10132492A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-10-23 CZ CZ973362A patent/CZ336297A3/en unknown
- 1997-10-23 KR KR1019970054458A patent/KR19980033090A/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-10-24 CN CN97121185A patent/CN1069751C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-24 TW TW086115764A patent/TW453892B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-24 TR TR97/01248A patent/TR199701248A3/en unknown
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4296804A (en) * | 1979-06-28 | 1981-10-27 | Resistoflex Corporation | Corrosion resistant heat exchanger element and method of manufacture |
| GB2059013A (en) * | 1979-09-18 | 1981-04-15 | Dainippon Screen Mfg | Covered rollers |
| JPS6143326A (en) * | 1984-08-07 | 1986-03-01 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Coordinate detector |
| JPS6221524A (en) * | 1985-07-23 | 1987-01-29 | Nichias Corp | Manufacture of synthetic resin tube bundle for heat exchanger |
| EP0744586A1 (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1996-11-27 | Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. | Heat transfer material |
| JP4036597B2 (en) * | 2000-03-08 | 2008-01-23 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Low temperature showcase |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1186192A (en) | 1998-07-01 |
| CZ336297A3 (en) | 1998-05-13 |
| KR19980033090A (en) | 1998-07-25 |
| JPH10132492A (en) | 1998-05-22 |
| TW453892B (en) | 2001-09-11 |
| TR199701248A2 (en) | 1998-05-21 |
| TR199701248A3 (en) | 1998-05-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20010815 Termination date: 20091124 |