CN106967192B - A kind of technique of calcium carbide production PVC - Google Patents

A kind of technique of calcium carbide production PVC Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106967192B
CN106967192B CN201710209232.1A CN201710209232A CN106967192B CN 106967192 B CN106967192 B CN 106967192B CN 201710209232 A CN201710209232 A CN 201710209232A CN 106967192 B CN106967192 B CN 106967192B
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acetylene
calcium carbide
water
cooling
technique
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CN106967192A (en
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周宗华
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Sichuan Yongxiang Resin Co ltd
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SICHUAN YONGXIANG CO Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F114/00Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
    • C08F114/02Monomers containing chlorine
    • C08F114/04Monomers containing two carbon atoms
    • C08F114/06Vinyl chloride
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C17/00Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C07C17/07Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of hydrogen halides
    • C07C17/08Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of hydrogen halides to unsaturated hydrocarbons

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the techniques of calcium carbide production PVC a kind of, it is characterized in that the carbide slag slurries overflow come out from acetylene generator is entered in settling tank to settle, slurry discharge in bottom separately uses it for anything else, and upper clear supernate returns in acetylene generator after cooling down and prepares acetylene with reaction water as calcium carbide;It is returned in acetylene generator for acetylene gas dedusting waste water after cooling and prepares acetylene with reaction water as calcium carbide;The hot water come out from converter shell enters after the heat that vapor absorption tower top absorption hot water storgae evaporates after heat exchanger exchanges heat from hot water storgae is flowed into, and heat exchanger uses in other process.The present invention adequately achieves the effective use of water resource, while avoiding environmental pollution caused by discharge of wastewater, and the conversion heat of vinyl chloride is rationally utilized, energy-saving.

Description

A kind of technique of calcium carbide production PVC
Technical field
The present invention relates to the techniques of calcium carbide production PVC a kind of, belong to polymer material science and field of engineering technology.
Background technique
Polyvinyl chloride, abbreviation PVC are the thermoplastic resins being polymerized under initiator effect by vinyl chloride, are chloroethenes The homopolymer of alkene, physical appearance are white powder, and nontoxic, odorless, chemical stability is very high, have good plasticity.It is poly- Vinyl chloride resin is the maximum kind of dosage in five big resins for universal use, is widely used in building, automobile, high-speed rail, ship, aviation boat The numerous areas such as it and defence and military have very important status in national economy and social development.It generallys use at present The technique for preparing PVC there are two types of, i.e. carbide acetylene method and petroleum process for oxychlorination of ethylene.
Currently, global overwhelming majority of countries is all made of petroleum process for oxychlorination of ethylene to prepare PVC, China is due to by " oil-poor " The limitation of status makes ethylene process route Arrested Development, and China Midwest indigo plant carbon, lime stone, rock salt reserves are larger in addition, using electricity Stone acetylene method technique locality is founded the factory advantage of lower cost, so domestic many newly-built and enlarging PVC engineerings are still mostly calcium carbide second Alkynes method technique.Currently, China accounts for the 80% of total output using the PVC of carbide acetylene method production.
Carbide acetylene method prepare PVC process route be with calcium carbide reacted with water generation acetylene gas, acetylene again with hydrogen chloride Addition reaction generates vinyl chloride (VCM), and finally polymerization obtains PVC.And meeting in this preparation section of acetylene is generated in calcium carbide and water A large amount of carbide slag slurries are generated, after machinery press dry, the alternative lime comprehensive utilization of solid carbide slag is in highway construction etc., clear liquid Partially (supernatant) alkalinity is high and the chemical components such as sulfur-bearing, phosphorus, direct emission can cause large effect, while acetylene to environment Gas needs again with hcl reaction after the processes such as dedusting, desulfurization, purification, these processes can generate a large amount of waste water, traditional Technique is by its direct emission, and still containing the great substance of environmental pollutions such as sulphur, phosphorus in these waste water, therefore traditional handicraft The processing of middle waste water not only causes the waste of great lot of water resources, but also has seriously polluted the environment.It converts and closes in vinyl chloride simultaneously At link, acetylene and hydrogen chloride complete the synthesis of vinyl chloride in converter, and the heat that conversion generates passes through converter shell Hot water is taken away, and generates vaporization after importing hot water storgae, not only causes the waste of heat, simultaneously because the hot water temperature imported is excessively high Evaporate hot water storgae excessively, to considerably increase the rate of water make-up of hot water storgae desalted water.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, adequately achieving effective benefit of water resource the present invention provides the technique of calcium carbide production PVC a kind of With, while environmental pollution caused by discharge of wastewater is avoided, and the conversion heat of vinyl chloride is rationally utilized, it is energy-saving.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that producing the technique of PVC, including electricity using a kind of calcium carbide Shi Yushui reacts in acetylene generator generates acetylene gas, and acetylene gas successively enters after dedusting cooling, desulfurization, peace and quiet process Converter generates thick vinyl chloride gas with hydrogen chloride gas addition reaction, thick vinyl chloride gas through demercuration, recovery acid, alkali cleaning, Smart vinyl chloride gas is obtained after rectifying, then smart vinyl chloride gas, which enters in polymeric kettle, occurs polymerization reaction and obtains polyvinyl chloride, It is characterized by: entering in settling tank to be settled from the carbide slag slurries overflow that acetylene generator comes out, slurry discharge in bottom is separately made It is used, and upper clear supernate returns in acetylene generator after cooling down and prepares acetylene with reaction water as calcium carbide;For acetylene Gas dedusting waste water after cooling, which returns in acetylene generator, prepares acetylene with reaction water as calcium carbide;It is come out from converter shell Hot water through heat exchanger exchange heat after enter vapor absorption tower top absorb hot water storgae evaporation heat after from flow into hot water storgae, Heat exchanger uses in other process.
Further, the waste water that the acetylene gas desulfurization process generates, which returns in acetylene generator, prepares acetylene as calcium carbide With reaction water.
Further, the waste water that the peace and quiet process of the acetylene gas generates, which returns in acetylene generator, prepares acetylene as calcium carbide With reaction water.
Further, waste water a part that the peace and quiet process of the acetylene gas generates returns to dedusting cooling process and desulfurization process As dedusting cooling water and desulfurization water, a part returns in acetylene generator and prepares acetylene with reaction water as calcium carbide.
Further, the envelope of machine used in all process steps waste water can be used as the supplement use that calcium carbide prepares acetylene reaction water Water.
Further, bottom slurry discharge, which separately uses it for anything else, refers to and is sent to cement plant cement.
Further, the mode of the upper clear supernate cooling down is cooling tower air cooling, avoids water is cooling from introducing more Water resource.
Further, the heat exchanger uses the primary brine for referring to that heat exchanger is used in chlorine industry in other process Heat is provided in preparatory phase for it.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is reasonably recycled waste water caused by acetylene is produced, no Needing again additional industry water is that can guarantee being normally carried out for reaction, improves the utilization rate of water resource, avoids waste water outlet to ring It is polluted caused by border, while the heat of converter shell hot water is used to other needs through heat exchanger in vinyl chloride preparation link to make After the process of the mount of using heat, hot water enter vapor absorption tower top with absorb hot water storgae flash distillation steam after from flow into hot water storgae, this Sample both ensure that the temperature of hot water storgae met the temperature requirement (90~100 DEG C) of conversion process, also avoid the excess of hot water storgae Evaporation, to achieve the purpose that energy-saving.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of present invention process process.
Marginal data:
1, acetylene generator;2, dedusting cooling tower;3, desulfurizing tower;4, gas holder;5, peace and quiet tower;6, converter;7, mercury eliminator; 8, water scrubber;9, caustic wash tower;10, rectifier unit;11, polymeric kettle;12. centrifuge;13, drier;101, settling tank;102, wind Cold cooling tower;601, heat exchanger;602, vapor absorption tower;603, hot water storgae.
Specific embodiment
It is with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real in order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical solution of the present invention Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention provides the techniques of calcium carbide production PVC a kind of, and referring to Fig. 1, calcium carbide reacts in acetylene generator 1 with water Generate acetylene gas, acetylene gas successively after dedusting cooling tower 2, desulfurizing tower 3, gas holder 4, peace and quiet tower 5 enter converter 6 in with Hydrogen chloride gas addition reaction generates thick vinyl chloride gas, and thick vinyl chloride gas is successively recycled through 7 demercuration of mercury eliminator, water scrubber 8 Smart vinyl chloride gas is obtained after acid, 10 rectifying of 9 alkali cleaning of caustic wash tower and rectifier unit, then smart vinyl chloride gas enters polymeric kettle 11 Interior generation polymerization reaction obtains polyvinyl chloride monomer, obtains finished product PVC, this hair after the separation of centrifuge 12, drier 13 are dry It is bright be characterized in being that the carbide slag slurries overflow for coming out acetylene generator 1 enters and settled in settling tank 101 after, bottom slurry Cement plant cement is sent in discharge, and upper clear supernate is returned in acetylene generator 1 after air-cooled 102 cooling down of cooling tower as electricity Standby acetylene reaction water made of stones;The waste water that dedusting cooling tower 2 is discharged simultaneously, which returns, is used as reaction water in acetylene generator 1. Supernatant and dedusting cooling waste water are recycled and are reacted instead of industry water and calcium carbide by the present invention, in order to avoid reaction water The waste water of the waste water of desulfurizing tower 3 and peace and quiet tower 5 is further also returned to conduct in acetylene generator 1 by the deficiency of amount, the present invention Reaction water, while the waste water that peace and quiet tower 5 generates is the useless liquor natrii hypochloritis of strong oxidizer, it can be by S2-It is heavy to be converted into simple substance S The waste water for forming sediment, therefore peace and quiet tower 5 being added in supernatant can reduce the concentration of sulphur in supernatant, avoid sulphion in supernatant Enrichment, which generates bad smell and slows down acetylene, instead gives birth to reaction rate.And in order to avoid the waste water of addition is anti-beyond the anti-raw device of acetylene Using water, waste water a part that peace and quiet tower 5 generates can return to dedusting cooling process and desulfurization process as dedusting cooling water With desulfurization water, a part returns in acetylene generator and prepares acetylene with reaction water as calcium carbide.Further, all process steps Used in machine envelope waste water can be used as calcium carbide and prepare acetylene with the supplement water of reaction water.
Another feature of the present invention is will be laggard from the hot water feeding exchange heat of heat exchanger 601 of 6 shell of converter out Enter after 602 top of vapor absorption tower absorbs the heat that hot water storgae 603 evaporates and flow into hot water storgae 603 certainly, both ensure that hot water in this way The temperature of slot meets the temperature requirement (90~100 DEG C) of conversion process, the excessive evaporation of hot water storgae is also avoided, to reach section The purpose that can be lowered consumption.Heat is provided in the primary brine preparatory phase that heat exchanger 601 can be used in chlorine industry for it.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as pair Limitation of the invention, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope defined by the claims..For the art For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these change It also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention into retouching.

Claims (7)

1. the technique of calcium carbide production PVC a kind of, including calcium carbide react generation acetylene gas with water in acetylene generator, acetylene gas according to It is secondary to enter converter and the thick vinyl chloride gas of hydrogen chloride gas addition reaction generation after dedusting cooling, desulfurization, peace and quiet process, Thick vinyl chloride gas obtains smart vinyl chloride gas after demercuration, recovery acid, alkali cleaning, rectifying, and then smart vinyl chloride gas enters poly- It closes generation polymerization reaction in kettle and obtains polyvinyl chloride, it is characterised in that: it is heavy that the carbide slag slurries overflow come out from acetylene generator enters Drop is settled in pond, and slurry discharge in bottom separately uses it for anything else, and upper clear supernate returns to conduct in acetylene generator after cooling down Calcium carbide prepares acetylene with reaction water;It returns in acetylene generator for acetylene gas dedusting waste water after cooling and is prepared as calcium carbide Acetylene reaction water;The hot water come out from converter shell enters vapor absorption tower top after heat exchanger exchanges heat and absorbs From hot water storgae is flowed into after the heat of hot water storgae evaporation, heat exchanger uses in other process;The peace and quiet process of acetylene gas generates useless Water returns in acetylene generator and prepares acetylene with reaction water as calcium carbide.
2. the technique of calcium carbide production PVC according to claim 1 a kind of, it is characterised in that: the acetylene gas desulfurization process The waste water of generation returns in acetylene generator and prepares acetylene with reaction water as calcium carbide.
3. the technique of calcium carbide production PVC according to claim 1 a kind of, it is characterised in that: the peace and quiet process of acetylene gas Waste water a part of generation returns to dedusting cooling process and desulfurization process as dedusting cooling water and desulfurization water, and a part is returned It returns in acetylene generator and prepares acetylene with reaction water as calcium carbide.
4. the technique of calcium carbide production PVC according to claim 1 a kind of, it is characterised in that: machine seals waste water and is used as calcium carbide system The standby acetylene supplement water of reaction water.
5. the technique of calcium carbide production PVC according to claim 1 a kind of, it is characterised in that: the bottom slurry discharge is another It uses it for anything else and refers to and be sent to cement plant cement.
6. the technique of calcium carbide production PVC according to claim 1 a kind of, it is characterised in that: the upper clear supernate cooling is cold But mode is cooling tower air cooling.
7. the technique of calcium carbide production PVC according to claim 1 a kind of, it is characterised in that: the heat exchanger is in other works Using referring to heat exchanger for providing heat in the primary brine preparatory phase in chlorine industry for it in sequence.
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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112358559A (en) * 2020-10-20 2021-02-12 山东朗晖石油化学股份有限公司 Novel PVC polymerization is retrieved and is adjusted device
CN114163299B (en) * 2021-10-23 2023-04-14 新疆天业(集团)有限公司 Production system and method for co-production of polyvinyl chloride by coal-based ethylene method and calcium carbide acetylene method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6282900B1 (en) * 2000-06-27 2001-09-04 Ealious D. Bell Calcium carbide power system with waste energy recovery
CN101041528A (en) * 2007-03-19 2007-09-26 贵州绿色环保设备工程有限责任公司 Treatment technique for 'calcium carbide acetylene method PVC production wastewater' by aeration flocculation process
CN205700498U (en) * 2016-04-25 2016-11-23 新疆兵团现代绿色氯碱化工工程研究中心(有限公司) The waste-heat recovery device that a kind of polymerization deionized water heats up

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6282900B1 (en) * 2000-06-27 2001-09-04 Ealious D. Bell Calcium carbide power system with waste energy recovery
CN101041528A (en) * 2007-03-19 2007-09-26 贵州绿色环保设备工程有限责任公司 Treatment technique for 'calcium carbide acetylene method PVC production wastewater' by aeration flocculation process
CN205700498U (en) * 2016-04-25 2016-11-23 新疆兵团现代绿色氯碱化工工程研究中心(有限公司) The waste-heat recovery device that a kind of polymerization deionized water heats up

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Address after: 614899 Yongxiang Road, Zhu Gen Town, Wu Tong Qiao District, Leshan, Sichuan, 96

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Address before: 614899 Yongxiang Road, Zhu Gen Town, Wu Tong Qiao District, Leshan, Sichuan, 96

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