CN106966396A - A kind of heavy-fluid and silicon and the separation method of carborundum for divided silicon and carborundum - Google Patents
A kind of heavy-fluid and silicon and the separation method of carborundum for divided silicon and carborundum Download PDFInfo
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- CN106966396A CN106966396A CN201710294447.8A CN201710294447A CN106966396A CN 106966396 A CN106966396 A CN 106966396A CN 201710294447 A CN201710294447 A CN 201710294447A CN 106966396 A CN106966396 A CN 106966396A
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- carborundum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/02—Silicon
- C01B33/037—Purification
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
- B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
- B03B5/32—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions using centrifugal force
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of heavy-fluid for divided silicon and carborundum of the present invention, it is characterised in that the heavy-fluid is the mixture of bromoform and absolute ethyl alcohol.Also disclose the separation method of a kind of silicon and carborundum, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:Heavy-fluid is prepared using bromoform and absolute ethyl alcohol as raw material first, it is standby;Then heavy-fluid is added into the mixture of silicon and carborundum, is centrifuged after mixing, score layer liquid;Stratified liquid is taken out successively, and upper materials, middle heavy-fluid and lower floor's material are obtained respectively;Separated is finally carried out respectively to the upper materials and lower floor's material, silicon, carborundum and heavy-fluid are obtained respectively.The separation method of the present invention in the short period of time can fast and effectively separate the silicon and carborundum in mortar, and separation purity is high;When separating simultaneously the heavy-fluid that is used can effectively recycling, the rate of recovery reaches 99.6%;The present invention is easy and effective to the separating technology of silicon and carborundum, with larger promotional value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the purification technique field of silica flour, more particularly to a kind of heavy-fluid and silicon for divided silicon and carborundum
With the separation method of carborundum.
Background technology
Solar battery sheet generally using multi-wire saw coordinate mortar cutting production, the mortar used in wire cutting be typically by
The medium with certain viscosity such as mineral oil or polyethylene glycol (PEG) is mixed with carborundum (SiC) abrasive powder;Scroll saw silk
Footpath is generally 0.18mm, and the kerf width of generation is generally 0.20~0.30mm, and the thickness of current silicon chip of solar cell is
0.18~0.22mm, this silicon material of meaning during silicon chip wire cutting more than 50% enters mortar as sawdust.In the recent period
The scroll saw of 0.12mm diameters is tentatively tried out, and simultaneously thinner cell silicon chip is also under development.But develop anyway, light
The situation that high-purity silicon material about 50% enters waste mortar as sawdust and lost in volt industry is being difficult to change from now in a short time.
Domestic and international waste mortar recovery technology can be divided into two major classes, i.e. online recycling technology and two kinds of offline recovery technology.
Line recovery technology is more universal in American-European and day this application, also relative maturity, and technological core has been integrated into online recycling equipment,
The online collection for carrying out waste mortar i.e. in silicon slicing process, by centrifuging treatment, by the separate small in waste mortar
Go out system, and new diamond dust and cutting liquid are supplemented according to certain ratio, wire cutting is returned again after being mixed and stirred for uniformly
In machine, cut into slices again.Although which solves the secondary Utilizing question of mortar to a certain extent, exist a lot
Defect.Which is only capable of the part particles of silicon carbide in small, broken bits in antiquated sand slurry system and silica flour rejecting, and still remaining after handling
There is the fine particle of significant proportion, it is impossible to reach and former diamond dust identical distribution of particles form.The processing method also can not be by
Metal impurities in system are rejected with the silica flour for being attached to diamond, and cutting effect is decreased obviously, under silicon chip surface quality
Drop, the rise of waste paper rate, thus reduce production efficiency.After 2~3 times recycle, former diamond dust just must be all changed,
Therefore it is only capable of realizing the circulation of finite number of time, without the problem of thoroughly solution discharge is with wasting.Offline recovery technology has two kinds, the
A kind of offline recovery technology does not do solid-liquid two-phase laminated flow in removal process, and only the fine solid particles in waste mortar are isolated
System;The processes such as second of offline recovery technology is cleaned by separation of solid and liquid, the surface of solids, solid particle size sorting, are obtained
Reclaim diamond dust and reclaim cutting liquid.Offline recovery technology weak point is as follows:Solid-liquid is carried out using multistage filtering sedimentation
Separation, technological process is numerous and diverse, and efficiency is very low;Separation of solid and liquid process needs addition to help release agent, such as water, lower alcohol;Solid-liquid point
The cutting liquid obtained from after needs dehydration procedure, and this process energy consumption is larger.If temperature control is bad, it is also possible to cause poly- second two
The change of alcohol molecular structure;Diamond dust is classified using wet concentration technology, the technical efficiency is low, and floor space is big;First it is classified
Diamond dust is chemically treated again, the particles of silicon carbide size normal distribution finally given is there occurs displacement, influence silicon section effect again
Really.
In order to be able to further reduction solar cell cost, mortar is sawed to scrap wire both at home and abroad recycling it is existing some grind
Study carefully, and occur in that some patents in succession.The recycling for being wherein directed to SiC, PEG in waste mortar relatively succeeds and initially formed
Industry, but to wherein Si recovery, then not yet occur possible technique so far.
Two kinds of solid phase constituent element Si are close with SiC physicochemical property in mortar, and grain graininess scope has overlapping, it is difficult to thoroughly
Separation;For the recovery of SiC powder, remaining Si powder alkali cleanings can be dissolved, and be reclaimed for Si powder, can not but realized with chemistry
Method dissolves remnants SiC powder, because more stable in the latter's chemical property.Therefore the key for recycling Si powder in mortar is by Si
Powder is separated with both SiC.
It is semiconductor to cut Si in waste mortar, and without magnetic, density is 2.33g/cm3.SiC is non-conductor, without magnetic,
Density is 3.22g/cm3.From the point of view of its nature difference, it may be considered that using electric separation, gravity treatment scheme.But Si is close with SiC granularities,
More at 0.5~5 μm, it is a problem that the such tiny material of granularity, which is sorted on resource sorting field, using flotation, electric separation all very
Hardly possible effectively separates the two.
The content of the invention
For problems of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of for divided silicon and carborundum
Heavy-fluid, and silicon and carborundum separation method, silicon and carborundum can be efficiently separated with simple and quick, be mainly used in antiquated sand
The recovery of silicon and carborundum in slurry.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved using following technical scheme.
(1) a kind of heavy-fluid for divided silicon and carborundum, it is characterised in that the heavy-fluid is bromoform and anhydrous
The mixture of ethanol.
Preferably, the density of the heavy-fluid is 2.6-3.0g/cm3。
It is further preferred that the density of the heavy-fluid is 2.8-2.87g/cm3。
Preferably, the mass ratio of the bromoform and absolute ethyl alcohol is 100:1-100:5.
(2) a kind of separation method of silicon and carborundum, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1, heavy-fluid is prepared using bromoform and absolute ethyl alcohol as raw material, it is standby;
Step 2, the heavy-fluid is added into the mixture of silicon and carborundum, mixes, obtains uniform mixed liquor;Will be described
Mixed liquor is centrifuged, score layer liquid;The stratified liquid is taken out successively, and upper materials, middle heavy-fluid and lower floor are obtained respectively
Material;
Step 3, separated is carried out to the upper materials, silicon and heavy-fluid is obtained respectively;
Step 4, separated is carried out to lower floor's material, carborundum and heavy-fluid is obtained respectively.
Preferably, in step 1, the mass ratio of the bromoform and absolute ethyl alcohol is 100:1-100:5.
Preferably, in step 2, the mixture of the silicon and carborundum accounts for the mass concentration of the mixed liquor for 0.05-
0.2g/mL。
Preferably, in step 2, the stirring is carried out at normal temperatures, and the time of stirring is 10-20min.
Preferably, in step 2, the time of the centrifugation is 10-20min.
Preferably, in step 3 and step 4, the temperature of the distillation is 160 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention using heavy-fluid as divided silicon and the raw material of carborundum, can in the short period of time by the silicon in mortar and
Carborundum is fast and effectively separated, and separation purity is high;When separating simultaneously the heavy-fluid that is used can effectively recycling, return
Yield reaches 99.6%;The present invention is easy and effective to the separating technology of silicon and carborundum, with larger promotional value.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is described in further details with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 be embodiment 1 in mixture micro mist electron probe figure;
Fig. 2 be embodiment 1 in upper materials electron probe figure;
Fig. 3 be embodiment 1 in lower floor's material electron probe figure;
Fig. 4 is the mixture micro mist in embodiment 1, upper materials, the XRD curve maps of lower floor's material;Wherein, ordinate is
Intensity after x-ray diffraction, abscissa is twice of the incident angle of x-ray;A is the XRD curve maps of mixture micro mist, and b is
The XRD curve maps of upper materials, c is the XRD curve maps of lower floor's material.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
It will be appreciated that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and it is not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of silicon and the separation method of carborundum, the separation method that this method is used for heavy-fluid-from
Centrifugal separation, specific separation method is elaborated by following examples.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment specimen in use is that Shaanxi Province Hu County solar breeder was provided on March 21st, 2012, and sample is to cut
Cut that rear scroll saw mortar is preliminary to remove iron through the reaction of sheet frame sand adding acid for many times, after washing drying sieving, resulting silicon and carborundum
Aggregate sample micro mist.
Silicon is separated with the aggregate sample micro mist of carborundum using heavy-fluid, specific separating step is as follows:
Step 1, heavy-fluid is prepared first;The density for the heavy-fluid that the present embodiment is used is 2.83g/cm3, be bromoform and
The mixture of absolute ethyl alcohol, specific prepare is followed the steps below, and 100g bromoforms and 2.5g absolute ethyl alcohols are poured into appearance
In device, stir, be transferred to standby in brown bottle.
Step 2, weigh 2g aggregate samples micro mist to add in beaker, the heavy-fluid 30mL for taking step 1 to prepare is added in beaker,
15min is stirred under 300rpm speed, is stirred, by the close of above-mentioned 4 10mL of solution difference equivalent addition stirred
Seal in centrifuge tube, carry out high speed centrifugation processing, the separation factor of centrifuge used in the present embodiment is 1000, centrifuges 10min
Afterwards, take out, it is seen that upper materials and lower floor's material are kept completely separate in centrifuge tube, and intermediate layer is as clear as crystal, layering liquid is taken out successively
Body, obtains upper materials, middle heavy-fluid and lower floor's material respectively.
Step 3, upper materials are put into cucurbit, carried out with the controllable electric jacket control temperature of KDM under the conditions of 160 DEG C
After the mixture steam of separated, the bromoform evaporated and absolute ethyl alcohol is condensed through serpentine condenser, instillation is condensed clean
It is recyclable in net volumetric flask to recycle, produce silicon.
Step 4, lower floor's material is put into cucurbit, carried out with the controllable electric jacket control temperature of KDM under the conditions of 160 DEG C
After the mixture steam of separated, the bromoform evaporated and absolute ethyl alcohol is condensed through serpentine condenser, instillation is condensed clean
In net volumetric flask, recycling.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment specimen in use be the same as Example 1.
Silicon is separated with the aggregate sample micro mist of carborundum using heavy-fluid, specific separating step is as follows:
Step 1, heavy-fluid is prepared first;The density for the heavy-fluid that the present embodiment is used is 2.87g/cm3, be bromoform and
The mixture of absolute ethyl alcohol, specific prepare is followed the steps below, and 100g bromoforms and 1g absolute ethyl alcohols are poured into container
In, stir, be transferred to standby in brown bottle.
Step 2, weigh 2g aggregate samples micro mist to add in beaker, the heavy-fluid 30mL for taking step 1 to prepare is added in beaker,
15min is stirred under 300rpm speed, is stirred, by the close of above-mentioned 4 10mL of solution difference equivalent addition stirred
Seal in centrifuge tube, carry out high speed centrifugation processing, the separation factor of centrifuge used in the present embodiment is 1000, centrifuges 10min
Afterwards, take out, it is seen that upper materials and lower floor's material are kept completely separate in centrifuge tube, and intermediate layer is as clear as crystal, layering liquid is taken out successively
Body, obtains upper materials, middle heavy-fluid and lower floor's material respectively.
Step 3, upper materials are put into cucurbit, carried out with the controllable electric jacket control temperature of KDM under the conditions of 160 DEG C
After the mixture steam of separated, the bromoform evaporated and absolute ethyl alcohol is condensed through serpentine condenser, instillation is condensed clean
It is recyclable in net volumetric flask to recycle, produce silicon.
Step 4, lower floor's material is put into cucurbit, carried out with the controllable electric jacket control temperature of KDM under the conditions of 160 DEG C
After the mixture steam of separated, the bromoform evaporated and absolute ethyl alcohol is condensed through serpentine condenser, instillation is condensed clean
In net volumetric flask, recycling.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment specimen in use be the same as Example 1.
Silicon is separated with the aggregate sample micro mist of carborundum using heavy-fluid, specific separating step is as follows:
Step 1, heavy-fluid is prepared first;The density for the heavy-fluid that the present embodiment is used is 2.8g/cm3, be bromoform and
The mixture of absolute ethyl alcohol, specific prepare is followed the steps below, and 100g bromoforms and 5g absolute ethyl alcohols are poured into container
In, stir, be transferred to standby in brown bottle.
Step 2, weigh 2g aggregate samples micro mist to add in beaker, the heavy-fluid 30mL for taking step 1 to prepare is added in beaker,
20min is stirred under 300rpm speed, is stirred, by the close of above-mentioned 4 10mL of solution difference equivalent addition stirred
Seal in centrifuge tube, carry out high speed centrifugation processing, the separation factor of centrifuge used in the present embodiment is 1000, centrifuges 15min
Afterwards, take out, it is seen that upper materials and lower floor's material are kept completely separate in centrifuge tube, and intermediate layer is as clear as crystal, layering liquid is taken out successively
Body, obtains upper materials, middle heavy-fluid and lower floor's material respectively.
Step 3, upper materials are put into cucurbit, carried out with the controllable electric jacket control temperature of KDM under the conditions of 160 DEG C
After the mixture steam of separated, the bromoform evaporated and absolute ethyl alcohol is condensed through serpentine condenser, instillation is condensed clean
It is recyclable in net volumetric flask to recycle, produce silicon.
Step 4, lower floor's material is put into cucurbit, carried out with the controllable electric jacket control temperature of KDM under the conditions of 160 DEG C
After the mixture steam of separated, the bromoform evaporated and absolute ethyl alcohol is condensed through serpentine condenser, instillation is condensed clean
In net volumetric flask, recycling.
With the upper materials and lower floor's thing obtained after aggregate sample micro mist, separation in electron probe and XRD analysis embodiment 1
Material, Fig. 1 is the electron probe figure of mixture micro mist, and Fig. 2 is the electron probe figure of upper materials, and Fig. 3 is the electronics of lower floor's material
Probe figure, analysis electron probe figure understands that silicon powder-containing 86% or so in upper materials are substantially free of oxide and the carbonization of silicon
Silicon;Silicon carbide-containing 87% or so in lower floor's material, are substantially free of the oxide of silicon and silicon.
XRD diffraction analysis is carried out respectively to the mixture of silicon and carborundum, upper materials and lower floor's material, as a result such as Fig. 4
It is shown.As shown in Figure 4, do not occur the diffraction maximum of carborundum in upper materials substantially, silicon does not occur substantially in lower floor's material
Diffraction maximum, illustrates to efficiently separate silicon and carborundum using the separation method of the present invention.
Finally, lower floor's material is placed in into 20%NaOH solution to heat, it can be seen that precipitation-free in aqueous slkali,
Precipitation capacity is less than 2%, shows to be practically free of silica flour in lower floor's material.
In addition, the present invention is during divided silicon and carborundum, the weight obtained after the heavy-fluid and distillation after centrifugation
Liquid can reach 99.6% with recycling, the rate of recovery.
In summary, the present invention is provided silicon and the separation method of carborundum, can be with simple and quick by silicon and carborundum
Separated, especially for the silicon and carborundum in scroll saw mortar after being cut in solar battery sheet wire cutting production process, adopted
With the method for the present invention, the silicon and carborundum in cutting waste mortar can be efficiently separated, the rough concentrate of silicon and carborundum is obtained, subtracts
The loss of silicon material in photovoltaic industry is lacked;And the separation method of the present invention is simple to operate, and energy consumption is low, with larger promotion price
Value.
Although the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments in this specification,
But on the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to claimed model
Enclose.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of heavy-fluid for divided silicon and carborundum, it is characterised in that the heavy-fluid is bromoform and absolute ethyl alcohol
Mixture.
2. the heavy-fluid according to claim 1 for divided silicon and carborundum, it is characterised in that the density of the heavy-fluid is
2.6-3.0g/cm3。
3. the heavy-fluid according to claim 1 for divided silicon and carborundum, it is characterised in that the bromoform and nothing
The mass ratio of water-ethanol is 100:1-100:5.
4. the separation method of a kind of silicon and carborundum, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1, heavy-fluid is prepared using bromoform and absolute ethyl alcohol as raw material, it is standby;
Step 2, the heavy-fluid is added into the mixture of silicon and carborundum, mixes, obtains uniform mixed liquor;By the mixing
Liquid is centrifuged, score layer liquid;The stratified liquid is taken out successively, and upper materials, middle heavy-fluid and lower floor's material are obtained respectively;
Step 3, separated is carried out to the upper materials, silicon and heavy-fluid is obtained respectively;
Step 4, separated is carried out to lower floor's material, carborundum and heavy-fluid is obtained respectively.
5. the separation method of silicon according to claim 4 and carborundum, it is characterised in that in step 1, the bromoform
Mass ratio with absolute ethyl alcohol is 100:1-100:5.
6. the separation method of silicon according to claim 4 and carborundum, it is characterised in that in step 2, the silicon and carbonization
The mass concentration that the mixture of silicon accounts for the mixed liquor is 0.05~0.2g/mL.
7. the separation method of silicon according to claim 4 and carborundum, it is characterised in that in step 2, the stirring is normal
Temperature is lower to be carried out, and the time of stirring is 10-20min.
8. the separation method of silicon according to claim 4 and carborundum, it is characterised in that in step 2, the centrifugation when
Between be 10-20min.
9. the separation method of silicon according to claim 4 and carborundum, it is characterised in that in step 3 and step 4, described
The temperature of distillation is 160 DEG C.
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Cited By (1)
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CN110270431A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-24 | 上海奇谋能源技术开发有限公司 | A method of the physical separation light metal from metal mixture |
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