CN106966391A - Biomass porous Carbon Materials based on watermelon peel and preparation method and application - Google Patents
Biomass porous Carbon Materials based on watermelon peel and preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 241000219109 Citrullus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 235000012828 Citrullus lanatus var citroides Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004966 Carbon aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001070941 Castanea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014036 Castanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000560 Citrus x paradisi Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005899 aromatization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010796 biological waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/34—Carbon-based characterised by carbonisation or activation of carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of biomass porous Carbon Materials and preparation method and application, belong to technical field of porous carbon material preparation, methods described is will be broken after the watermelon peel drying of removing outer layer sclerotesta, powder, obtained watermelon peel powder and activator are mixed to get presoma in the solution, finally by a step high temperature anoxybiotic charring process, the biomass porous Carbon Materials are obtained, the biomass porous Carbon Materials of preparation can be used for electrode material for super capacitor.Preparation method of the present invention is simple and feasible, and the biomass porous carbon material structure obtained is fluffy, with low cost, excellent performance, is adapted to large-scale commodity production, and this method provides new way for the preparation of biomass porous carbon material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparing technical field of porous carbon material, and in particular to the biomass porous raw material of wood-charcoal based on watermelon peel
The preparation method and application of material.
Background technology
The characteristics of energy conversion and storage that ultracapacitor is protruded with it, is widely paid close attention to.Now, a variety of carbon materials
Material includes activated carbon, ordered mesopore carbon, carbon aerogels and graphene-based carbon material etc. because its structure Modulatory character is largely made
For the electrode material of super capacitor.Wherein activated carbon Yin Qigao specific surface area, flourishing pore structure, excellent electrical conductivity and steady
Fixed chemical property causes the research interest of numerous scholars, so that the electrode material as preferable super capacitor.In tradition
Activated carbon preparation in, the raw material of activated carbon is mainly derived from coal, oil and their growth, but by these materials
Activated carbon is prepared, not only preparation process is complicated, price is high and non-renewable.
In recent years, many scholars because biomass it is cheap, renewable and environmentally friendly the characteristics of, as activated carbon
The raw material of preparation.The such as various biomass waste materials such as cocoanut shell, rice bran, pomelo peel and chestnut shell are all used as porous carbon material
Presoma, to prepare the electrode material of high performance super capacitor.Biomass porous carbon refers to bio-organic materials, passes through anoxic
Or a kind of of anoxic condition Pintsch process generation has height aromatization, the cellular solid rich in carbon.Its main component
For carbon, there is abundant pore structure, larger specific surface area, excellent electric conductivity, high temperature resistant and acid and alkali-resistance,
And more oxygen-content active group is contained on surface.Biomass porous carbon can be by the simple charing of biomass material and work
The method of change is prepared.The carbon structure of the high specific surface area of biomass porous Carbon Materials and multistage hole is for super capacitor
Ion transfer in charge and discharge process has huge help.Big pore space structure can be obtained by suitable processing method, and micropore knot
The participation processing that structure needs activator is obtained.When biomass porous Carbon Materials are as super capacitor, big hole can be deposited
Electrolyte is stored up, and the ion in charging process in electrolyte then more readily migrates into the surface of microcellular structure, effectively reduces
Diffusion resistance, obtains the super capacitor of excellent performance.
Watermelon peel derives from the outside rind of watermelon, containing wax, citrulling and sugar（Fructose and glucose）.Watermelon peel is made
It for a kind of biological waste, still cannot well utilize now, there is substantial amounts of watermelon peel to be simply discarded in environment every year,
Not only waste resource but also pollution environment.Contain polysaccharide in watermelon peel, being dried pyrolysis charring after crushing can obtain many
Hole Carbon Materials.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide biomass porous Carbon Materials based on watermelon peel and preparation method and application, solution
Certainly super capacitance electrode material preparation process is complicated and prepares the problem of cost is high.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
The preparation method of biomass porous Carbon Materials based on watermelon peel, comprises the following steps：
1）The preparation of presoma：Outer layer sclerotesta will be removed and the watermelon peel powder after drying, crushing is mixed with activator,
Stirred under solution state, solution drying is then obtained into presoma to constant weight；
2）The preparation of biomass porous Carbon Materials：Above-mentioned presoma is fitted into black-fead crucible, anoxybiotic in resistance furnace is placed in and heats
To 400 ~ 1100 DEG C, room temperature then is down to after pyrolysis 1-3 h at such a temperature, solid powder is obtained, by solid powder through hydrochloric acid
Dried after washing to constant weight, obtain biomass porous Carbon Materials.
The activator be zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, sodium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide in one kind or
Person is a variety of.
The mass ratio of the activator and watermelon peel powder is 0.05: 1 ~ 20: 1.
Further, the mass ratio of the activator and watermelon peel powder is 1: 1 ~ 9: 1.
The rate of heat addition of the anoxybiotic heating is 3 ~ 10 DEG C of min-1, preferably 3 ~ 5 DEG C min-1.
Further, the step 1）, after watermelon peel powder is mixed with activator, deionized water is added, under solution state
Magnetic agitation 5-6h, then solution dried to constant weight, obtain presoma at 50-60 DEG C.
The step 2）, drying temperature is 50-60 DEG C.
Biomass porous Carbon Materials of the present invention are used to prepare electrode material for super capacitor, and the application is specific such as
Under：Electrode is prepared using pressed disc method, from stainless (steel) wire as collector, acetylene black is used as conductive agent, 5 wt.% polytetrafluoro
Ethene is binding agent, biomass porous Carbon Materials, acetylene black, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are well mixed according to 85: 10: 5 mass ratio,
Flakiness is ground, and thin slice is cut into the cm of 1 cm × 1 shape；Then the thin slice cut is placed between two panels nickel foam,
It is placed under tablet press machine, under 10 MPa pressure, the min of pressurize 1 obtains working electrode.
The present invention uses above technical scheme, is made a living raw material of substance with watermelon peel, by drying, crush after watermelon peel powder
Presoma is mixed to get in the solution with activator, and biomass porous Carbon Materials are made finally by a step high temperature carbonization technique,
The invention has the advantages that in：
1）The present invention prepares biomass porous Carbon Materials using watermelon peel powder as raw material by constant-pressure and high-temperature charing.The present invention's
Raw material belongs to renewable resource, cheap, can reach the effect of twice laid, and production technology is simple and easy to do, is adapted to big rule
The commodity production of mould.
2）Biomass porous carbon prepared by the present invention possesses high specific surface area, is the new side for preparing porous carbon material
Method, a new approaches are provided to produce high performance biomass porous Carbon Materials.
3）Porous charcoal prepared by the present invention has excellent chemical property, can as preferable super capacitor electrode
Material, has expanded the application field of watermelon peel.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the SEM result of the biomass porous Carbon Materials prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the SEM result of the biomass porous Carbon Materials prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 3 is charging and discharging curve of the biomass porous Carbon Materials under different current densities prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 4 is that stability of the biomass porous Carbon Materials after 2000 charge and discharge cycles prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2 is bent
Line.
Embodiment
The preparation method of biomass porous Carbon Materials of the invention based on watermelon peel is as follows：
（1）The preparation of presoma：Outer layer sclerotesta will be removed and watermelon peel powder and activator after drying, crushing are mixed
Close, add deionized water, then solution dried to constant weight, obtained by the magnetic agitation 5-6h under solution state at 50-60 DEG C
To presoma；
The mass ratio of above-mentioned activator and watermelon peel powder is 0.05: 1 ~ 20: 1, preferably 1: 1 ~ 9: 1；
The activator is a kind of or many in zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, sodium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide
Kind；
（2）The preparation of biomass porous Carbon Materials：Above-mentioned presoma is fitted into black-fead crucible, is placed in resistance furnace, with 3 ~ 10
℃ min-1Rate of heat addition anoxybiotic be heated to 400 ~ 1100 DEG C（Excellent is 600 ~ 800 DEG C）, 1-3 is then pyrolyzed at such a temperature
Room temperature is down to after h, solid powder is obtained, solid powder is dried to constant weight through salt acid elution after 50-60 DEG C, biology is obtained
Matter porous carbon material.
Biomass porous Carbon Materials prepared by the present invention are used to prepare electrode material for super capacitor, and the application is specific
It is as follows：
（1）It is prepared by electrode：Electrode is prepared using pressed disc method, from stainless (steel) wire as collector, acetylene black is used as conductive agent, 5
Wt.% polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) be binding agent, by biomass porous Carbon Materials, acetylene black, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) according to 85: 10: 5 matter
Thin slice is cut into the cm of 1 cm × 1 shape by amount than well mixed, grinding flakiness；Then the thin slice cut is placed on two
Between piece nickel foam, it is placed under tablet press machine, under 10 MPa pressure, the min of pressurize 1 obtains working electrode；
（2）Electrochemical property test：The test system of electrode uses three-electrode system, using the electrode of sheet as working electrode,
Then with to electrode and reference electrode, being together placed in electrolyte and carrying out biomass porous Carbon Materials by electrochemical workstation
Electrochemical property test.
The following is several specific embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is further illustrated, it is all according to scope of the present invention patent
The equivalent changes and modifications done, should all belong to the covering scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of biomass porous Carbon Materials based on watermelon peel is as follows：
（1）Take the g of watermelon peel powder 0.4 after 0.4 g potassium hydroxide and drying and crushing（Mass ratio is 1:1）, place them into burning
In cup, add after 20 mL deionized water, 5 h of stirring, pour into evaporating dish, dry to constant weight, obtain in 60 DEG C of baking ovens
To faint yellow solid mixture, then grinding obtains presoma；
（2）Above-mentioned presoma is fitted into black-fead crucible, is placed in resistance furnace, using the rate of heat addition as 5 DEG C of min-1Anoxybiotic is heated
To 700 DEG C, 1 h is then pyrolyzed at such a temperature, room temperature is cooled to the furnace afterwards, and the black solid powder of acquisition passes through 1 mol
L-1Salt acid elution, dries to constant weight at 60 DEG C, obtains biomass porous Carbon Materials, its scanning electron microscope diagram piece such as Fig. 1
It is shown, it can be seen that the biomass porous Carbon Materials of gained have abundant loose structure.
The biomass porous Carbon Materials of the present embodiment are subjected to electrochemical property test, as a result shown, the electrode material is 1
A g-1Electric discharge specific capacitance under current density can reach 208 F g-1。
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of biomass porous Carbon Materials based on watermelon peel is as follows：
（1）Take the g of watermelon peel powder 0.4 after 0.8 g potassium hydroxide and drying and crushing（Mass ratio is 2:1）, place them into burning
In cup, 20 mL deionized water is added, carries out after the h of magnetic agitation 5, pours into evaporating dish, is dried extremely in 60 DEG C of baking ovens
Constant weight, obtains faint yellow solid mixture, and then grinding obtains presoma；
（2）Above-mentioned presoma is fitted into black-fead crucible, is placed in resistance furnace, using the rate of heat addition as 5 DEG C of min-1Anoxybiotic is heated
To 700 DEG C, 1 h is then pyrolyzed at such a temperature, room temperature is cooled to the furnace afterwards, and the black solid powder of acquisition passes through 1 mol
L-1Salt acid elution, dries to constant weight at 60 DEG C, obtains biomass porous Carbon Materials, its SEM picture is as shown in Fig. 2 can see
Going out the biomass porous Carbon Materials of gained has abundant loose structure.
Biomass porous Carbon Materials manufactured in the present embodiment are subjected to electrochemical property test, as a result shown, the electrode material
Material is in 1 A g-1Electric discharge specific capacitance under current density can reach 262 F g-1, its discharge and recharge under different current densities is bent
Line is as shown in figure 3, from the figure 3, it may be seen that charging and discharging curve is similar to isosceles triangle, belong to preferable electric double layer capacitance, it is shown that
The biomass porous Carbon Materials have excellent chemical property.The biomass porous carbon electrode material is followed through 2000 discharge and recharges
Stability curve after ring as shown in figure 4, due to avtive spot and wetting action, increase on the contrary by 2000 circulation specific capacitances
, conservation rate is up to 107.1%, it is seen then that the biomass porous carbon electrode material has excellent charge and discharge cycles stability.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of biomass porous Carbon Materials based on watermelon peel is as follows：
（1）The preparation of presoma：Outer layer sclerotesta and the watermelon peel powder after drying, crushing and activator chlorination will be removed
Zinc is mixed（The mass ratio of activator and watermelon peel powder is 9: 1）, addition deionized water, the magnetic agitation 5h under solution state,
Then solution is dried to constant weight at 60 DEG C, obtains presoma；
（2）The preparation of biomass porous Carbon Materials：Above-mentioned presoma is fitted into black-fead crucible, is placed in resistance furnace, to heat
Speed is 5 DEG C of min-1Anoxybiotic is heated to 600 DEG C, and 3 h are then pyrolyzed at such a temperature, room temperature is cooled to the furnace afterwards, consolidate
Body powder, solid powder is dried to constant weight through salt acid elution after 60 DEG C, biomass porous Carbon Materials are obtained.
The electrochemical property test result of biomass porous Carbon Materials shows that the electrode material is in 1 A obtained by the present embodiment
g-1Electric discharge specific capacitance under current density can reach 170 F g-1。
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of biomass porous Carbon Materials based on watermelon peel is as follows：
（1）The preparation of presoma：Outer layer sclerotesta and watermelon peel powder and activator phosphoric acid after drying, crushing will be removed
Mixing（The mass ratio of activator and watermelon peel powder is 1: 1）, addition deionized water, the magnetic agitation 6h under solution state, so
Solution is dried to constant weight at 50 DEG C afterwards, presoma is obtained；
（2）The preparation of biomass porous Carbon Materials：Above-mentioned presoma is fitted into black-fead crucible, is placed in resistance furnace, to heat
5 DEG C of min of speed-1Anoxybiotic is heated to 800 DEG C, and 2 h are then pyrolyzed at such a temperature, room temperature is cooled to the furnace afterwards, consolidate
Body powder, solid powder is dried to constant weight through salt acid elution after 50 DEG C, biomass porous Carbon Materials are obtained.
The electrochemical property test result of biomass porous Carbon Materials shows that the electrode material is in 1 A obtained by the present embodiment
g-1Electric discharge specific capacitance under current density can reach 153 F g-1。
Embodiment 5
The preparation method of biomass porous Carbon Materials based on watermelon peel is as follows：
（1）The preparation of presoma：Outer layer sclerotesta and watermelon peel powder and activator carbonic acid after drying, crushing will be removed
Sodium is mixed（The mass ratio of activator and watermelon peel powder is 20: 1）, addition deionized water, the magnetic agitation 5h under solution state,
Then solution is dried to constant weight at 55 DEG C, obtains presoma；
（2）The preparation of biomass porous Carbon Materials：Above-mentioned presoma is fitted into black-fead crucible, is placed in resistance furnace, to heat
3 DEG C of min of speed-1Anoxybiotic is heated to 1100 DEG C, and 2.5 h are then pyrolyzed at such a temperature, room temperature is cooled to the furnace afterwards, obtained
Solid powder, solid powder is dried to constant weight through salt acid elution after 50-60 DEG C, biomass porous Carbon Materials are obtained.
The electrochemical property test result of biomass porous Carbon Materials shows that the electrode material is in 1 A obtained by the present embodiment
g-1Electric discharge specific capacitance under current density can reach 161 F g-1。
Embodiment 6
The preparation method of biomass porous Carbon Materials based on watermelon peel is as follows：
（1）The preparation of presoma：Outer layer sclerotesta and watermelon peel powder and activator carbonic acid after drying, crushing will be removed
Hydrogen sodium is mixed（The mass ratio of activator and watermelon peel powder is 0.05: 1）, deionized water is added, magnetic force is stirred under solution state
5h is mixed, then solution is dried to constant weight at 60 DEG C, presoma is obtained；
（2）The preparation of biomass porous Carbon Materials：Above-mentioned presoma is fitted into black-fead crucible, is placed in resistance furnace, to heat
7 DEG C of min-1 anoxybiotics of speed are heated to 500 DEG C）, 1.5h is then pyrolyzed at such a temperature, room temperature is cooled to the furnace afterwards, is obtained
Solid powder, solid powder is dried to constant weight through salt acid elution after 60 DEG C, biomass porous Carbon Materials are obtained.
The electrochemical property test result of biomass porous Carbon Materials shows that the electrode material is in 1 A obtained by the present embodiment
Electric discharge specific capacitance under g-1 current densities can reach 156 F g-1。
Embodiment 7
The preparation method of biomass porous Carbon Materials based on watermelon peel is as follows：
（1）The preparation of presoma：Outer layer sclerotesta and watermelon peel powder and activator hydrogen-oxygen after drying, crushing will be removed
Change sodium mixing（The mass ratio of activator and watermelon peel powder is 5: 1）, add deionized water, the magnetic agitation under solution state
5h, then solution dried to constant weight, obtain presoma at 55 DEG C；
（2）The preparation of biomass porous Carbon Materials：Above-mentioned presoma is fitted into black-fead crucible, is placed in resistance furnace, to heat
6 DEG C of min of speed-1Anoxybiotic is heated to 700 DEG C, and 1 h is then pyrolyzed at such a temperature, room temperature is cooled to the furnace afterwards, consolidate
Body powder, solid powder is dried to constant weight through salt acid elution after 50-60 DEG C, biomass porous Carbon Materials are obtained.
The electrochemical property test result of biomass porous Carbon Materials shows that the electrode material is in 1 A obtained by the present embodiment
g-1Electric discharge specific capacitance under current density can reach 168 F g-1。
Embodiment 8
（1）Take the g of watermelon peel powder 0.4 after 2.8 g potassium hydroxide and drying and crushing（Mass ratio is 7:1）, place them into burning
In cup, 20 mL deionized water is added, carries out after the h of magnetic agitation 5, pours into evaporating dish, is dried extremely in 60 DEG C of baking ovens
Constant weight, obtains faint yellow solid mixture, and then grinding obtains presoma；
（2）Above-mentioned presoma is fitted into black-fead crucible, is placed in resistance furnace, using the rate of heat addition as 1 DEG C of min-1Anoxybiotic is heated
To 1000 DEG C, 3 h are then pyrolyzed at such a temperature, room temperature is cooled to the furnace afterwards, and the black solid powder of acquisition passes through 1
mol L-1Salt acid elution, dries to constant weight at 60 DEG C, obtains biomass porous Carbon Materials.
The electrochemical property test result of biomass porous Carbon Materials shows that the electrode material is in 1 A g obtained by the present embodiment-1
Electric discharge specific capacitance under current density can reach 138 F g-1。
Embodiment 9
（1）Take the g of watermelon peel powder 0.4 after 1.2 g phosphoric acid and drying and crushing（Mass ratio is 3:1）, place them into beaker
In, 20 mL deionized water is added, carries out after the h of magnetic agitation 5, pours into evaporating dish, is dried in 60 DEG C of baking ovens to perseverance
Weight, obtains faint yellow solid mixture, and then grinding obtains presoma.
（2）Above-mentioned presoma is fitted into black-fead crucible, is placed in resistance furnace, with 1 DEG C of min of the rate of heat addition-1Anoxybiotic adds
Then heat be pyrolyzed 3 h, cool to room temperature with the furnace afterwards, the black solid powder of acquisition passes through 1 at such a temperature to 600 DEG C
mol L-1Salt acid elution, dries to constant weight at 60 DEG C, obtains biomass porous Carbon Materials.
The electrochemical property test result of biomass porous Carbon Materials shows that the electrode material is in 1 A obtained by the present embodiment
g-1Electric discharge specific capacitance under current density can reach 170 F g-1。
Embodiment 10
（1）Take the g of watermelon peel powder 0.4 after 2.4 g phosphoric acid and drying and crushing（Mass ratio is 6:1）, place them into beaker
In, 20 mL deionized water is added, carries out after the h of magnetic agitation 5, pours into evaporating dish, is dried in 60 DEG C of baking ovens to perseverance
Weight, obtains faint yellow solid mixture, and then grinding obtains presoma.
（2）Above-mentioned presoma is fitted into black-fead crucible, is placed in resistance furnace, using the rate of heat addition as 3 DEG C of min-1Anoxybiotic
1000 DEG C are heated to, 3 h are then pyrolyzed at such a temperature, room temperature is cooled to the furnace afterwards, the black solid powder of acquisition passes through
1 mol L-1Salt acid elution, dries to constant weight at 60 DEG C, obtains biomass porous Carbon Materials.
The electrochemical property test result of biomass porous Carbon Materials shows that the electrode material is in 1 A obtained by the present embodiment
g-1Electric discharge specific capacitance under current density can reach 157 F g-1。
Embodiment 11
（1）Take the g of watermelon peel powder 0.4 after 0.8 g zinc chloride and drying and crushing（Mass ratio is 2:1）, place them into burning
In cup, 20 mL deionized water is added, carries out after the h of magnetic agitation 5, pours into evaporating dish, is dried extremely in 60 DEG C of baking ovens
Constant weight, obtains faint yellow solid mixture, and then grinding obtains presoma.
（2）Above-mentioned presoma is fitted into black-fead crucible, is placed in resistance furnace, using the rate of heat addition as 3 DEG C of min-1Anoxybiotic
700 DEG C are heated to, and is pyrolyzed 2 h at such a temperature, room temperature is cooled to the furnace afterwards, the black solid powder of acquisition passes through 1
mol L-1Salt acid elution, dries to constant weight at 60 DEG C, obtains biomass porous Carbon Materials.The biomass porous Carbon Materials of gained
Electrochemical property test result show that the electrode material is in 1 A g-1Electric discharge specific capacitance under current density can reach 184 F
g-1。
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of the biomass porous Carbon Materials based on watermelon peel, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
1）The preparation of presoma：Watermelon peel powder after drying, crushing is mixed with activator, stirs equal under solution state
It is even, solution drying is then obtained into presoma to constant weight；
2）The preparation of biomass porous Carbon Materials：Above-mentioned presoma is fitted into black-fead crucible, anoxybiotic is heated to 400 ~ 1100
DEG C, then room temperature is down to, solid powder is obtained after 1 ~ 3 h of pyrolysis at such a temperature, solid powder is done after salt acid elution
It is dry to constant weight, obtain biomass porous Carbon Materials.
2. the preparation method of the biomass porous Carbon Materials according to claim 1 based on watermelon peel, it is characterised in that：Institute
It is the one or more in zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, sodium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide to state activator.
3. the preparation method of the biomass porous Carbon Materials according to claim 1 based on watermelon peel, it is characterised in that：Institute
The mass ratio for stating activator and watermelon peel powder is 0.05: 1 ~ 20: 1.
4. the preparation method of the biomass porous Carbon Materials according to claim 3 based on watermelon peel, it is characterised in that：Institute
The mass ratio for stating activator and watermelon peel powder is 1: 1 ~ 9: 1.
5. the preparation method of the biomass porous Carbon Materials according to claim 1 based on watermelon peel, it is characterised in that：Institute
The rate of heat addition for stating anoxybiotic heating is 3 ~ 10 DEG C of min-1。
6. the preparation method of the biomass porous Carbon Materials according to claim 1 based on watermelon peel, it is characterised in that：Institute
State after watermelon peel powder mixes with activator, add deionized water, magnetic agitation 5-6h, then exists solution under solution state
Dried at 50-60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain presoma.
7. the preparation method of the biomass porous Carbon Materials according to claim 1 based on watermelon peel, it is characterised in that：Institute
State step 2）, drying temperature is 50-60 DEG C.
8. the biomass porous Carbon Materials obtained such as any preparation methods of claim 1-7.
9. the application of biomass porous Carbon Materials as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：The biomass porous Carbon Materials
For preparing electrode material for super capacitor.
10. the application of biomass porous Carbon Materials according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：The application is specific as follows：
Electrode is prepared using pressed disc method, from stainless (steel) wire as collector, acetylene black is used as conductive agent, 5 wt% polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
For binding agent, biomass porous Carbon Materials, acetylene black, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are well mixed according to 85: 10: 5 mass ratio, ground
Flakiness, and thin slice is cut into the cm of 1 cm × 1 shape；Then the thin slice cut is placed between two panels nickel foam, be placed in
Under tablet press machine, under 10 MPa pressure, the min of pressurize 1 obtains working electrode.
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| CN108539239A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-09-14 | 广州大学 | A kind of watermelon peel catalyst, the preparation method and microbiological fuel cell of Catalytic Layer |
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Application publication date: 20170721 |