CN1069638A - Expanding apparatus for agricultural product such as tobacco material - Google Patents
Expanding apparatus for agricultural product such as tobacco material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1069638A CN1069638A CN92104880A CN92104880A CN1069638A CN 1069638 A CN1069638 A CN 1069638A CN 92104880 A CN92104880 A CN 92104880A CN 92104880 A CN92104880 A CN 92104880A CN 1069638 A CN1069638 A CN 1069638A
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- carbon dioxide
- container
- pressure
- raw material
- infeeds
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- HMHKQVPGMSIKQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCC(N=O)=C Chemical compound CCCCC(N=O)=C HMHKQVPGMSIKQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
- A24B3/182—Puffing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S131/00—Tobacco
- Y10S131/90—Liquified gas employed in puffing tobacco
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S131/00—Tobacco
- Y10S131/901—Organic liquid employed in puffing tobacco
Abstract
Constantly expanded a kind of raw material of expanding apparatus such as tobacco are expected, and infeed carbon dioxide to soaking into container 11 as swelling agent by the swelling agent feedway, with the pressure that soaks into that keeps being scheduled to, when increasing the pressure of raw material, constantly infeed raw material to soaking into container by raw material feed device; When reducing the pressure of raw material, discharge material by material discharging device continuously from soaking into container, the swelling agent feedway has a heat exchanger carrying out heat exchange to soaking between carbon dioxide that container infeeds and the cooling agent, thereby has cooled off carbon dioxide.Temperature according to temperature or the tobacco of discharging from soak into container material is controlled the state that infeeds the carbon dioxide that soaks into container, thereby charges into carbon dioxide effectively, and does not form dry ice in material discharging device or similar device.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of expanded agricultural product that are used for, as the expanding apparatus of tobacco or food etc.The invention particularly relates to a kind of is the continuous type expanding apparatus of swelling agent with the carbon dioxide, this device comprises a kind of cooling device, this cooling device can be reliably will be delivered to raw material control that raw material discharges system at low temperatures from soaking into container, and expanded effectively these raw materials.
According to some conventional expanding apparatus, be under high pressure will immerse raw material as the carbon dioxide of swelling agent, in the tobacco material,, make the carbon dioxide expanded of immersion, thereby make the tobacco material expanded decompression of tobacco material and heating.
This expanding apparatus is divided into batch (-type) and continous way.In the batch (-type) expanding apparatus, earlier the tobacco of scheduled volume is expected to be stored in to soak in the container, infeed high-pressure carbon dioxide to soaking into container then, make carbon dioxide immerse the tobacco material, discharge the tobacco material again, thereby make it expanded.In the continous way expanding apparatus, be tobacco material and carbon dioxide continuously to be sent into soak into container.
Although the batch (-type) expanding apparatus is simple in structure, efficient is low, and wastes a large amount of carbon dioxide.The continous way expanding apparatus is the efficient height then, and can reclaim and utilize again carbon dioxide.
For generally increasing the expanded level of tobacco material or similar raw material, must under the condition of low temperature and high pressure, the tobacco material be contacted with carbon dioxide, so that the carbon dioxide of maximum is immersed in the tobacco material.Must keep as much as possible under the cryogenic conditions, the tobacco material that will soak into carbon dioxide takes out from soak into container, and the carbon dioxide that so also avoids damage and immerse is tackled tobacco and expected instantaneous heating, thereby makes the carbon dioxide of immersion expanded effectively.
Yet, in above-mentioned continous way expanding apparatus, all in sizable scope, change to the quantity delivered of temperature of soaking into the tobacco material that container provides and tobacco material, the outside heat that acts on expanding apparatus, frictional heat and other the similar heat that produces when rotating rotary valve.Therefore, because the variation of these conditions, just increase infeeds the tobacco temperature that soaks into container, and the amounts of saturation of minimizing carbon dioxide, maybe when the tobacco of taking out from soak into container is expected by rotary valve it is heated, this will lose the carbon dioxide that part immerses, thereby reduce expanded level.
For preventing these drawbacks, for be absorbed in the raw material or in soaking into the lower end part of container because the latent heat and the formed heat of sensible heat of carbon dioxide generating, so that raw material is remained under the cryogenic conditions, it has been generally acknowledged that needs cooling to soak into container, and if necessary, should infeed the operative liquid carbon dioxide to soaking into container.Yet if the heat that the amount of cooling water of carbon dioxide promptly absorbs is too little, tobacco expects or soaks into container lower end part just to can not get abundant cooling, so just the effect that can not produce.On the contrary, if the amount of cooling water of carbon dioxide is too big, then the pressure that reduces the tobacco material and with it when the discharge system discharges, carbon dioxide just is solidified into dry ice.When forming dry ice by this way, the tobacco material also is cured, and this will have problems in heating/expanded step.In addition, also increase the amount that is discharged to the carbon dioxide outside the system with raw material, and then increased the loss of carbon dioxide.From economy and quality aspect, the processing mode that has dry ice to form is worthless.Therefore, must carbon dioxide be soaked in the container in the mode of gaseous state.For this reason, must suitably control and infeed the carbon dioxide amount of cooling water (heat exchange amount) of soaking into container.
Yet the temperature of tobacco material, acts on the outside heat of expanding apparatus at input quantity, the heat of rotary valve and similarly heat is all unstable, and in very wide scope, change.Therefore, in soaking into container, be difficult under the good conditions carbon dioxide is immersed in the tobacco blanking.
In addition, it is generally acknowledged can be by finishing the control to above-mentioned carbon dioxide amount of cooling water (heat exchange amount) to the control of the temperature of the carbon dioxide that infeeds or quantity.But owing to the pressure that soaks into that soaks in the container will be remained on the predetermined value, then the amount of carbon dioxide is fixed, and therefore above-mentioned control can not realize.Yet with regard to temperature, carbon dioxide must pass through the phase transformation by the temperature and pressure decision, therefore can not be with temperature as the control parameter.So just can not be with the temperature of carbon dioxide or the amount of cooling water of quantity control carbon dioxide.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of expanding apparatus, this device can immerse a kind of raw material with gaseous carbon dioxide, in the tobacco material in soaking into container under better condition.
For achieving the above object, according to the present invention, provide a heat exchanger, this interchanger is located in the swelling agent feed system pipeline, so that when maintenance is scheduled to soak into pressure, provide the gaseous carbon dioxide as swelling agent; Cooling agent is infeeded heat exchanger from cooling body, and the processing capacity different according to apparatus of the present invention, discharge the temperature of system (under this temperature as raw material, there is not liquid CO 2), control to the heat exchange amount that soaks into the carbon dioxide that container infeeds by control device, thereby under good conditions, finish soaking into of carbon dioxide.
In apparatus of the present invention, because with processing capacity, as controlling with the temperature of the discharge system of transferring raw material to the situation of soaking into container input carbon dioxide, thereby promptly be used in the outside heat of expanding apparatus, heat and similar heat that rotary valve produces all change, and this expanding apparatus also can adapt to these variations fast.
The temperature of the temperature when tobacco material is discharged from soaking into container or the carbon dioxide of discharging with the tobacco material is as processing capacity.The tobacco material and the carbon dioxide of discharging can distribute bright dipping or radiation, can or conduct spectrum by reflection of light or radiation and measure its temperature.To the carbon dioxide heat exchange amount that soaks into supply for receptacles automatically based on processing capacity, thereby make temperature and other factor of the carbon dioxide that soaks in the container and tobacco material be in optimum value.Can certainly not finish automatically, promptly container is discharged the temperature of tobacco material or the temperature of the carbon dioxide of discharging simultaneously with it according to soaking into, and the operator manually adjusts to the heat exchange amount that soaks into the supply for receptacles carbon dioxide.
Below describe and will illustrate other purpose of the present invention and advantage, according to following description, part advantage and purpose are significantly, and can be instructed by practice of the present invention.By device and the combination of in claims, pointing out emphatically thereof, can understand and the acquisition objects and advantages of the present invention.
Combine and constitute the corresponding accompanying drawing of a specification part with specification, represented the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and with above-mentioned summary and following detailed description to embodiment in order to explain principle of the present invention.
Fig. 1 represents the rough package drawing according to the expanding apparatus of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of rotary valve and funnel part among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of carbon dioxide recovery/separator;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of carbon dioxide recovery/separator;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of processing capacity checkout gear;
Fig. 6 is the processing capacity checkout gear schematic diagram of another kind of distortion;
Fig. 7 is still the processing capacity checkout gear schematic diagram of another kind of distortion;
Fig. 8 represents according to second embodiment of the invention expanding apparatus rough package drawing.
With reference to respective drawings the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below.That Fig. 1 to 5 shows is first embodiment of the invention figure, wherein represents with the continuous type tobacco material expanding apparatus of carbon dioxide as swelling agent.As Fig. 1, numeral 11 expressions is to soak into container among the figure, is the pressure that keeps being scheduled to, and infeeds swelling agent in this container, as infeeds carbon dioxide to keep about 30 atmospheric pressure that soak into.Constantly infeed the tobacco material from raw material supplying system 12 to soaking into container 11, continuously the tissue of tobacco material is injected into carbon dioxide and soaks into container 11.
The tobacco material of injecting carbon dioxide constantly is transported to heater (not indicating) by raw material exhaust system 13, and in heater, contact with high temperature air or high-temperature water vapor or both gaseous mixtures, the carbon dioxide that injects tobacco material then is inflated, thus the tissue of the tobacco material of expanded continuous input.
Above-mentioned raw material supplying system 12 following settings: infeed the tobacco material by air lock valve 14 to first funnel 15, as shown in Figure 2, in air locking-valve 14, be provided with a rotating rotor 14b in shell 14a, the outer surface of rotor 14b is provided with many blades.The tobacco material that inlet by shell 14 infeeds is stored between the adjacent blades, and along with the rotation of rotor 14b, it is delivered to the outlet of shell 14, the sliding-contact hermetically mutually of the inner surface of these blade end faces and shell 14.Therefore, for keeping pressure differential therebetween, need that the air locking-valve is ended 14 entrance side and outlet side and sealed,, can carry tobacco to expect continuously to guarantee when increasing or reduce pressure.Infeed the low pressure CO 2 of an about atmospheric pressure to first funnel 15, replace the air that contains in the tobacco material with this.
When pressure be increased to median be 15 atmospheric pressure, by first rotary valve 16 tobacco material from first funnel 15 sent into second funnel 17 thereafter.It is 15 atmospheric intermediate pressures that pressure in second funnel 17 is maintained at about.
The setting of the rotary valve 16 and first funnel 15 as shown in Figure 2.Referring to Fig. 2, the shell of numeral 1 expression rotary valve 16 is provided with inlet 2 and discharge gate 3 among the figure in the shell 1, and rotary part 4 is sealed in the shell 1 rotationally.Many grooves 5 are arranged on the outer surface of rotary part, many boost port 6 and pressure-reduction outlet 7 are arranged on shell 1.Final stage high-pressure mouth and carbon dioxide input pipe 9 among the boost port 6 link, and infeed from second funnel 17 and to be about 15 atmospheric carbon dioxide.Final stage low pressure port and carbon dioxide recovery pipe 44 among the pressure-reduction outlet 7 link, so that reclaim the carbon dioxide that has reduced pressure.Remaining pressure increase and decrease mouthfuls 6 and 7 is interconnected by corresponding connecting pipe 8.
Because discharge gate 3 inboards are in the carbon dioxide of intermediate pressure, so, also mediate under the carbon dioxide of pressure facing to the inside of the dead slot 5 of discharging the tobacco material of discharge gate 3.When groove 5 was relative with pressure-reduction outlet 7 successively, the high-pressure carbon dioxide in each groove 5 was discharged and decompression by relative pressure-reduction outlet 7 successively, subtracted 5 atmospheric pressure approximately as each mouth.Because pressure-reduction outlet 7 is connected by corresponding pipe 8 with boost port 6, the carbon dioxide of being discharged by corresponding depressurised side mouth 7 is sent to again in the corresponding boost port 6, so when each groove 5 that has a tobacco material is relative with each boost port 6 successively, the then carbon dioxide supercharging in the groove 5 increases by 5 atmospheric pressure as each mouthful.When each groove 5 faced toward final stage boost port 6, then the carbon dioxide in this groove 5 was supercharged to and discharge gate 3 inboard same pressure, and then this groove 5 is facing to discharge gate 3, so that expect by the tobacco in discharge gate 3 these grooves of discharge.
When dead slot 5 faced toward final stage depressurised side mouth 7, the low pressure CO 2 of staying in the groove 5 reclaimed by carbon dioxide recovery pipe 44 from depressurised side mouth 7, and makes groove 5 the insides revert to atmospheric pressure.
A nozzle wall 3b is housed in discharge pipe 3, and jet 3a is set, this mouthful is communicated with the gap of nozzle wall 3b and discharge gate 3 inner surfaces.Via nozzle wall 3b and discharge gate 3 formed gaps, will be mapped to by the high-pressure carbon dioxide that jet 3a infeeds in the dead slot 5 of discharging the tobacco material, remove the tobacco material that is retained in the groove 5 with jet thus.
Above-mentioned a rotary valve has been described, this valve is when pressure increases, in order to infeed the tobacco material continuously.Yet, the same with the structure of above-mentioned rotary valve in order to the structure of the decompression rotary valve of discharge tobacco material when pressure reduces.And finish the operation that pressure increases and reduce in opposite mode.
The partial CO 2 that infeeds by pipe 44 is sent in first funnel 15 with isolated tobacco material.Therefore, the inside of first funnel 15 is maintained in the carbon dioxide atmosphere, and the air that is contained in the tobacco material by 14 supplies of air locking-valve is replaced by carbon dioxide, and a spot of air flows to a side of soaking into container 11, notes reclaiming the carbon dioxide that infeeds first funnel 15 and the air that mixing by pipe 51.
By second funnel 17 and second rotary valve 18, the pressure of tobacco material is increased to about 30 atmospheric high pressure, and tobacco is expected to infeed to soak into container 11.As mentioned above, in soaking into container 11, infeed carbon dioxide, so that its pressure inside is maintained about 30 atmospheric pressure.Soaking into container 11 is drums.Screw conveyer (not indicating) is installed, in order to the tobacco material is delivered to its outlet in soaking into container 11.
The structure of discharge system 13 is as follows: the tobacco material of discharging from the outlet 24 of soaking into container 11 is depressurized to by the 3rd rotary valve 19 and is about 15 atmospheric intermediate pressures, and the tobacco material is infeeded the 3rd funnel 20.Keep being about 15 atmospheric intermediate pressures in the 3rd funnel 20.
Then, the tobacco material is decompressed to low pressure by the 3rd funnel 20 and the 4th rotary valve 21, and infeeds the 4th funnel 22.The 4th funnel 22 inside remain on the i.e. atmospheric pressure of low-pressure state.Tobacco material is sent into heater (above speak of) from the 4th funnel 22 by air locking-valve 24, so that to its heating and expansion.
Heater has an expansion tubing string 110, and have the air of predetermined temperature and a mixed airflow overexpansion tubing string 110 of superheated vapour, tobacco material in sending into expanding tower 110 is carried in the mixed airflow drift and with air Mixture, the tobacco material is heated by high-temperature gas mixture and expands, tobacco material after the expansion is separated from mist and is reclaimed, and separation is undertaken by known tangential separator or similar separator.
An intermediate receptacle 111 is housed between the 4th funnel 22 and expansion tubing string 110, and intermediate receptacle 111 is by firmly, flatly be provided with.The one end links by air lock valve 23 and the 4th funnel 22, and the other end of intermediate receptacle 111 links by air locking-valve 112 and expansion tubing string 110, has been equipped with a transporter 113 in the horizontal direction of the intermediate receptacle 111 of accumbency.
The tobacco material of discharging from the 4th funnel 22 falls into an end of intermediate receptacle 111 by air locking-valve 23, and after transporter 113 horizontal feed, the other end from middle container 111 falls into expansion tubing string 110 through air locking-valve 112 again.Owing to close in the horizontal direction at the air locking-valve 23 of intermediate receptacle 111 1 ends with at the air locking-valve 112 of its other end, so can directly not rise to the bottom of the 4th funnel 22 by the high-temperature gas mixture of expansion tubing string 110, this has just been avoided gaseous mixture to flow into the 4th funnel 22.
The swelling agent that to describe this expanding apparatus below is the recovery and the feed system of carbon dioxide.With reference to Fig. 1, low pressure jar of numeral 30 expressions among the figure, the low pressure CO 2 of recovery is finally taken in this jar.Carbon dioxide supply source of numeral 31 expressions as a jar that fills liquid carbon dioxide, comes carbon dioxide in the gasifying pot 31 by evaporimeter 32 among the figure, it is infeeded low pressure jar 30 again.
Carbon dioxide in the low pressure jar 30 is sent into intermediate pressure jar 34 after boosting to about 5 to 15 atmospheric intermediate pressures by low pressure stepup transformer 33.After carbon dioxide in the intermediate pressure jar 34 boosts to a little higher than pressure that soaks into by high-voltage booster 36, remove wherein moisture, through service 35 container 11 is soaked in its input again with drier 37.
The carbon dioxide of the intermediate pressure that reclaims from second funnel 17 and the 3rd funnel 20 is recovered to intermediate pressure jar 34 by 41,42 and pocket filters 43 of pipe again.Send into separator 45 from the low pressure CO 2 that first rotary valve 16 is discharged by pipe 44, after the tobacco powder of sneaking into this carbon dioxide is separated, by pipe 46 and pocket filter 47 with carbon dioxide recovery in the low pressure jar.The low pressure CO 2 of discharging from the 4th rotary valve 21 is admitted to separator 49, at this tobacco is expected that powder therefrom separates, again through pocket filter 47 carbon dioxide recovery in low pressure jar 30.
Owing to be mixed with air in the low pressure CO 2 that from first funnel 15 that is in initial position and the 4th funnel 22 that is in terminal location, reclaims, thus through manage 51,52 and pocket filter 53 and 54 this carbon dioxide is sent in the separation/recovery jar 55.The carbon dioxide that to take in again in the separation/recovery jar 55 is sent into separator 56.After the air separation of sneaking into, can by the distribution from serge jar 57 with this carbon dioxide recovery in low pressure jar 30.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 represent this receipts/separator 56, and recovered/separated device 56 is a kind of absorbent-type carbon dioxide separation devices, especially as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, many adsorption towers is set in recovered/separated device 56, as is provided with two adsorption tower 94a and 94b.Adsorbent such as activated carbon or zeolite etc. is housed in adsorption tower 94a and 94b.Each of these adsorbents can be from the admixture of gas that contains air and carbon dioxide absorbing carbon dioxide optionally, and pressure is high more, absorption quantity is big more; The low more absorption quantity of pressure is more little.
Recovered/separated device 56 also is provided with a compression pump 95 and a vavuum pump 96.Compression pump by valve 98a and valve 98b link with the end of absorption Tata 94a and 94b respectively, vavuum pump links to each other with the end of adsorption tower 94a and 94b respectively with valve 99b by valve 99a.The other end of adsorption tower 94a or 94b is that discharge pipe 101 links to each other by corresponding valve 97a or valve 97b.
In recovered/separated device 56, open a valve 98a and a 97a on the adsorption tower 94a, contain carbon dioxide and Air mixing gas from what airtight container 15 and 22 was supplied with, be transported to adsorption tower 94a by compression pump 95, like this by adsorption tower 94a absorbing carbon dioxide.Residual gas (for example isolated air from carbon dioxide) is discharged by discharge pipe 101.At this moment, the valve 99a of the valve 98b of another adsorption tower 96b and 97b and tower 94a closes, and valve 99b is leaving, and with vavuum pump 96 low-pressure state is pumped in the inside of another adsorption tower 94b.Like this, adsorbed carbon dioxide is released, reclaims and turns back in the system of aforementioned expanding apparatus in the adsorbent of another adsorption tower 94b.
As shown in Figure 4, valve 98a and the 97a of adsorption tower 94a are closed, and valve 98b and the 97b of another adsorption tower 94b are opened, with with above-mentioned opposite mode, make the inside of adsorption tower 94a be in low-pressure state, thereby in the time of absorbing carbon dioxide in another adsorption tower 94b, adsorbed carbon dioxide is released and reclaims in the adsorbent of adsorption tower 94a.Repeat this operation, adsorption tower 94a and 94b are alternately adsorbed, separate simultaneously and reclaim carbon dioxide.With short cycle, for example 90 to 180 seconds.
With recovered/separated device 56 with said structure, repeat this circulation and can reclaim the carbon dioxide that contains air, remove air effectively, and only with carbon dioxide separation, reclaim and turn back in the system of expanding apparatus.Therefore, carbon dioxide can not be discharged from and waste the outside and go, and the gas concentration lwevel in the control system accurately.
Because recovered/separated device 56 is to come separating carbon dioxide by absorption, so can be used to the separating low concentration carbon dioxide.In addition, recovered/separated device 56 has excellent sensitivity, and can stably control the interior concentration of carbon dioxide of the carbon dioxide circulatory system of expanding apparatus.
Use description to below control to soaking into container 11 and supply with the device of the heat exchange amount of carbon dioxide.Along supply pipe 35 heat exchanger 61 is set, so that infeed carbon dioxide with pressure to soaking into container 11, its pressure is higher slightly than soaking into pressure after boosting by high-voltage booster 36.A cooler 62 is made up of a cooler and a heat exchanger (not marking), and this cooler 62 is used to supply a kind of hypothermic saline.This salt solution circulates in heat exchanger by Brine Pipe 63 and 64, reaches the purpose of the carbon dioxide of cooling feed system use.
In order to control the heat exchange amount of carbon dioxide, a control device 72 has been installed, this control device 72 detects the processing capacity of expanding apparatus.For example, detect temperature in the 3rd funnel 20, and according to the temperature signal of temperature monitor 73, decision is to soaking into the heat exchange amount that container 11 infeeds carbon dioxide with temperature monitor 73.A program is existed in the control device 72 data of this program in test in advance, the characteristic of expanding apparatus analyzed and to draw.Control device 72 is according to the heat exchange amount of this program decision carbon dioxide, and the control valve 74 of control device 72 in the pipeline that is connected in Brine Pipe 63 sends control signal, thereby control is to soaking into the heat exchange amount that container 11 infeeds carbon dioxide.
For example, when soaking into pressure and be about 30 atmospheric pressure, the 20 inner maintenances of the 3rd funnel are about 15 atmospheric pressure, control is to the heat exchange amount (amount of cooling water) that soaks into the carbon dioxide that container 11 infeeds, temperature is in to be higher than on the saturation temperature value of (being about-28 ℃),-10 ℃ to-25 ℃ better, preferably at-18 ℃ to-23 ℃.
In above-mentioned state of a control, under an atmospheric pressure, the amounts of saturation of the carbon dioxide of the raw material of discharging from soak process is a 1-3% DB(butt).At this moment, the temperature of raw material does not have dry ice to form at-20 ℃ to-40 ℃, and the loss of carbon dioxide is minimum, and in following expansion process, the suspension of raw material is useful to obtaining abundant expansion effect.
In order to reduce and the heat of stabilization in the expanding apparatus outside, soak into container 11 heat insulation structural is housed, this structure constitutes by being looped around the vacuum heat-insulation device 81 that soaks on container 11 outer surfaces 83, vacuum heat-insulation device 81 has outer wall 82, outer wall 82 constitutes a hermetically-sealed construction, and vacuum state is pumped in the gap between the wall 82.
The function of above-mentioned expanding apparatus will be described below, in heat exchanger 61, cool off to the carbon dioxide that soaks into container 11 supplies with the salt solution lower than the saturation temperature of carbon dioxide, cooled carbon dioxide with soak into container 11 in the tobacco material of motion contact, and cooling tobacco material, inculcate thereby form effective carbon dioxide.
To the temperature and the amount of infeeding of soaking into the tobacco material that container 11 infeeds, act on the outside heat of soaking into container 11, heat and other the similar heats that rotary valve produces changes on sizable scope.In this case, above-mentioned corresponding heat exchange amount will change owing to the variation of these factors.Yet, when a kind of thermal change like this, the processing capacity of expanding apparatus, promptly the temperature in the 3rd funnel 20 also changes.By the variation of temperature monitor 73 detected temperatures, along with this variations in temperature, control device 72 is supplied with the carbonoxide heat exchange amount according to the programme-control control valve of setting 74 thereby controlled to soaking into container 11.Therefore, the amount of cooling water of carbon dioxide always is controlled on the value that adapts with thermal change.Thereby, for gaseous carbon dioxide has been set up better immersion conditions.
Shown in Figure 6 is another modification that detects processing capacity.In this modification, a light inlet window 120 has been installed on the wall of the 3rd funnel 20, in funnel 20, survey by photodetector 121 by window 120 by the light that the tobacco material is radiated, photodetector 121 detects the temperature that tobacco is expected according to the spatial distribution of the light that the tobacco material is radiated, and the signal of the temperature of expression tobacco material is passed to control device 72.
Shown in Figure 7 is another modification that detects and control processing capacity.In this modification, a thermometer 126 intuitively has been installed on funnel 20, the operator controls to soaking into the carbon dioxide heat exchange amount that container 11 infeeds according to the numerical value manual operations control handwheel 127 of thermometer 126.
Shown in Figure 8 is according to a second embodiment of the present invention expanding apparatus.In a second embodiment, soak into container 11 with heat-barrier material 84 coatings.In this case, although effect of heat insulation is poorer slightly than vacuum tank, low cost of manufacture.This when soaking into container 11 when using, if before the expanding apparatus operation was arranged, circulate carbon dioxide was stabilized on the predetermined temperature just will soak into container 11, and in servicely problem can not take place.In addition, second embodiment is identical with aforementioned first example structure.In Fig. 8, corresponding part all uses same sequence number to represent, but has omitted detailed description.
For those of ordinary skills, be easy to expect attendant advantages and change type.Yet many-sided, the present invention is not limited to concrete details and at this representational device of showing and describing.Given this, under situation about not running counter to, can make various change types by the spirit and scope of the determined basic conception of the present invention of equivalent of accessory claim and they.
Claims (4)
1, the expanding apparatus of a kind of raw material of a kind of continuous swelling such as tobacco material comprises that soaks into a container, infeed device by swelling agent and infeed carbon dioxide as swelling agent to the described container that soaks into, with the pressure that soaks into that keeps being scheduled to, when increasing feed pressure, it is infeeded device by raw material send into continuously and soak into container; When reducing feed pressure, it is constantly discharged from soak into container by material discharging device, it is characterized in that described swelling agent infeeds device and comprises:
A heat exchanger is used for by carrying out heat exchange between carbon dioxide that container infeeds and the cooling agent and come cooled carbon dioxide to soaking into;
Cooling device is used to cool off the cooling agent of described heat exchanger;
Control device is used to control to described and soaks into the heat exchange amount that container infeeds carbon dioxide.
2, equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that control device detects the temperature of carbon dioxide or the temperature of the interior raw material of material discharging device, and control the heat exchange amount that soaks into the carbon dioxide that container infeeds to described, thereby control heat exchange amount according to detected temperatures.
3, equipment as claimed in claim 1 comprises also being used for from the carbon dioxide separation of air of recovery and the carbon dioxide recovery/separator of gaseous mixture that carbon dioxide wherein infeeds device and the discharger from raw material and retrieves.
4, as claim 1 equipment, also comprise being used for reclaiming respectively low pressure CO 2 and coming from the pressure carbon dioxide that described raw material infeeds device and described material discharging device, and increase the pressure of low pressure CO 2 and make the middle recovery/system that presses carbon dioxide to increase to the carbon dioxide of high pressure.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP145563/91 | 1991-05-20 | ||
| JP145560/91 | 1991-05-20 | ||
| JP14556091 | 1991-05-20 | ||
| JP14556391 | 1991-05-20 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1069638A true CN1069638A (en) | 1993-03-10 |
| CN1030749C CN1030749C (en) | 1996-01-24 |
Family
ID=26476637
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92104880A Expired - Fee Related CN1030749C (en) | 1991-05-20 | 1992-05-19 | Expanding apparatus for agricultural product such as tobacco material |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5311885A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0514860B1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR960001835B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1030749C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU644739B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2068907C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69217272T2 (en) |
| ID (1) | ID910B (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2045354C1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW219892B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113369061A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-10 | 中铁十一局集团桥梁有限公司 | Automatic spraying machine for waterproof paint |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU644736B2 (en) * | 1991-05-20 | 1993-12-16 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Expanding apparatus for agricultural product or the like |
| GB9402473D0 (en) * | 1994-02-09 | 1994-03-30 | Mg Gas Products Ltd | Dry ice expanded tobacco |
| DE19734364A1 (en) * | 1997-08-08 | 1999-02-11 | Hauni Maschinenbau Ag | Method and device for applying a conditioning medium to tobacco material |
| US6209546B1 (en) * | 1998-11-30 | 2001-04-03 | Truman W. Ellison | Apparatus and method for improved hydrate formation and improved efficiency of recovery of expansion agent in processes for expanding tobacco and other agricultural products |
| US6575170B1 (en) * | 2000-11-27 | 2003-06-10 | Ravi Prasad | Method and apparatus for expanding tobacco material |
| US7556047B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2009-07-07 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Method of expanding tobacco using steam |
| DE102004018879A1 (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-11-03 | Hauni Primary Gmbh | Conveyor arrangement for a machine of the tobacco processing industry |
| CN101744358A (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-23 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | Method and device thereof for recovering expanding agent of cut tobaccos |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3575178A (en) * | 1969-03-13 | 1971-04-20 | Reynolds Tobacco Co R | A process for increasing the filling capacity of tobacco |
| USRE32014E (en) * | 1977-08-08 | 1985-10-29 | Philip Morris, Inc. | Process for expanding tobacco |
| US4333483A (en) * | 1978-03-29 | 1982-06-08 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Tobacco product |
| US4258729A (en) * | 1978-03-29 | 1981-03-31 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Novel tobacco product and improved process for the expansion of tobacco |
| US4310006A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1982-01-12 | American Brands, Inc. | Method and apparatus for expanding tobacco |
| US4253474A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1981-03-03 | American Brands, Inc. | Method for expanding tobacco |
| US4165618A (en) * | 1978-04-24 | 1979-08-28 | Lewis Tyree Jr | Treatment with liquid cryogen |
| US4460000A (en) * | 1982-06-14 | 1984-07-17 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Vacuum and gas expansion of tobacco |
| CA1328064C (en) * | 1987-07-27 | 1994-03-29 | Masao Kobari | Apparatus for expanding material for foodstuffs, favorite items and the like |
| US5076293A (en) * | 1989-06-19 | 1991-12-31 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process and apparatus for the treatment of tobacco material |
| DE4004532C2 (en) * | 1990-02-14 | 1996-05-09 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Process for the regeneration of adsorbers |
| FR2663625B1 (en) * | 1990-06-25 | 1992-09-11 | Air Liquide | PROCESS AND PLANT FOR PRODUCING PURE HYDROGEN. |
| US5169415A (en) * | 1990-08-31 | 1992-12-08 | Sundstrand Corporation | Method of generating oxygen from an air stream |
| AU644736B2 (en) * | 1991-05-20 | 1993-12-16 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Expanding apparatus for agricultural product or the like |
-
1992
- 1992-05-19 CN CN92104880A patent/CN1030749C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-05-19 RU SU925052087A patent/RU2045354C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-19 KR KR1019920008448A patent/KR960001835B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-19 CA CA002068907A patent/CA2068907C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-05-19 AU AU16385/92A patent/AU644739B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-05-20 EP EP92108503A patent/EP0514860B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-20 TW TW081103944A patent/TW219892B/zh active
- 1992-05-20 ID IDP303592A patent/ID910B/en unknown
- 1992-05-20 US US07/885,963 patent/US5311885A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-05-20 DE DE69217272T patent/DE69217272T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113369061A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-10 | 中铁十一局集团桥梁有限公司 | Automatic spraying machine for waterproof paint |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR960001835B1 (en) | 1996-02-06 |
| AU644739B2 (en) | 1993-12-16 |
| RU2045354C1 (en) | 1995-10-10 |
| TW219892B (en) | 1994-02-01 |
| US5311885A (en) | 1994-05-17 |
| EP0514860B1 (en) | 1997-02-05 |
| ID910B (en) | 1996-09-11 |
| AU1638592A (en) | 1993-03-11 |
| CA2068907A1 (en) | 1992-11-21 |
| EP0514860A2 (en) | 1992-11-25 |
| KR920021072A (en) | 1992-12-18 |
| CN1030749C (en) | 1996-01-24 |
| DE69217272D1 (en) | 1997-03-20 |
| DE69217272T2 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
| EP0514860A3 (en) | 1993-02-03 |
| CA2068907C (en) | 1996-10-29 |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C15 | Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993) | ||
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| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |