CN106961630B - A kind of P2P streaming media video playback method based on DASH optimization - Google Patents
A kind of P2P streaming media video playback method based on DASH optimization Download PDFInfo
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- CN106961630B CN106961630B CN201710182224.2A CN201710182224A CN106961630B CN 106961630 B CN106961630 B CN 106961630B CN 201710182224 A CN201710182224 A CN 201710182224A CN 106961630 B CN106961630 B CN 106961630B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/65—Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/442—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed, the storage space available from the internal hard disk
- H04N21/44227—Monitoring of local network, e.g. connection or bandwidth variations; Detecting new devices in the local network
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of P2P streaming media video playback methods based on DASH optimization, and step includes: that 1, hardware system includes that server, seed node group and user node three parts, user node are also known as peer；Step 2, server and seed node group prepare video slicing, and server generates the initial MPD file of fragment, and seed node group obtains video resource from server, and server generates the MPD file of more access positions；Step 3, peer obtain video slicing and carry out adaptive identifying.Method of the invention, the quality that ensure that P2P streaming media video plays are reliable and stable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to P2P stream media technology fields, are related to a kind of P2P streaming media video broadcasting side based on DASH optimization
Method.
Background technique
P2P stream media technology uses the grid architecture of P2P, using the file swapping of P2P, realizes Digital Media
Content multinode is transmitted as a stream and is played simultaneously.In P2P stream media system (stream media play system), server only need to be to less
It measures node and sends data, and these nodes can give obtained data sharing other nodes, each node can pass through stream
Media system obtains the Video service of high quality.P2P stream media technology is divided into program request and live streaming.In the point of P2P stream media system
It broadcasts in service, the media data of broadcasting has been recorded, has been stored in fixed server, Yong Huke not high to requirement of real-time
Various controls are applied to the video program of program request, such as are stopped, pause, F.F..
However, the Internet architecture especially accesses net form state under the promotion of user demand and terminal device diversification
More and more abundant, the dynamic changeability of network is inevitable, and network discrepancy has a significant impact to the broadcasting experience of user.Although
Application of the P2P stream media technology in stream media system reduces server stress, improves the service ability of system, Er Qiegai
It has been apt to user experience, but this can not also cover its existing deficiency, such as copyright problem, safety problem, consumption massive band width
Problem；In addition, a crucial problem is, the video data block of P2P stream media system is not publicly-owned format on format, cannot
Using some ready-made video display arts, such as MSE extension (Media Source Extensions, source of media expansion of HTML5
Exhibition) etc. be decoded broadcastings, but oneself a set of decoding player module of needs.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, using DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP, dynamic self-adapting
Streaming Media) technology can solve these problems effectively, this is because formulated with disclosed DASH standard, support in same video
The a variety of code streams held support audio and video technology, support live streaming and program request, support digital publishing rights safety.
DASH technology is a cross-platform standard, rather than only supports limited platform and browser, it is almost
It is supported by the browser of all prevalences.DASH standard regulation video is divided into independent piece according to certain rules, these blocks
It is divided into comprising coding/decoding information original block and media data block, original block provides decoded information for media data block, and each
Block is then to disclose unified structure；DASH can also generate a description file and the video flowing is described, these technical characterstics
Agree with very much with the characteristics of P2P stream media technology.DASH technology can provide the video slicing group of multiple code rates for media file,
To cover different network bandwidth requirements；To reduce the Caton and buffering of client, have while guaranteeing viewing effect
The ability of network self-adapting.The digital copyright protection rule of DASH technology is then the version of solution P2P stream media technology video playing
Power problem provides a new possibility.
For the DASH audio/video player system of standard, server undertakes all loads of system, when client constantly increases
When more, server obviously understands efficiency reduction；For traditional P2P stream media system, although having reached load balancing, with
The continuous variation of network, peer also will appear when receiving and playing plays Caton and the case where break, continuous Caton
It is flagrant for user.If DASH and P2P stream media technology combined, both solved DASH technology to center service
The load pressure and failure risk of device also solve some difficult points that P2P stream media technology utilizes, and such as simplify P2P video consumer
The exploitation etc. at end, this system that the two is combined seem with apparent advantage.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of P2P streaming media video playback methods based on DASH optimization, solve user
The problem of playing Caton caused by end network environment is unstable and breaking.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a kind of P2P streaming media video playback method based on DASH optimization, according to
Following steps are implemented:
Step 1, hardware system include that server, seed node group and user node three parts, user node are also known as
peer；
Step 2, server and seed node group prepare video slicing
2.1) server generates the initial MPD file of fragment
Video file is cut fragment according to DASH agreement by server, generates initial MPD file；
2.2) seed node group obtains video resource from server
Seed node group is to server registration and requests initial MPD file, parses initial MPD file and obtains video resource letter
Breath selects video resource to be downloaded according to self-ability, once certain video has been selected, it just will be under its a whole set of video slicing whole
It is downloaded to local；
2.3) server generates the MPD file of more access positions
Server monitoring seed node group summarizes seed node group after downloading initial MPD file to seed node group
The video resource information possessed generates the MPD file of more access positions, waits peer downloading；
Step 3, peer obtain video slicing and carry out adaptive identifying
3.1) when peer starts downloading, video first is requested to server, after receiving the MPD file that server is sent, parsing
Several access location informations of the code rate of video slicing, maximum bandwidth and minimum bandwidth, resolution ratio and fragment are got, so
Suitable code rate and access position is selected to start foradownloaded video fragment according to network environment afterwards；
3.2) peer starts to play after caching a small amount of video slicing, downloads subsequent video fragment when playing, and delayed
It is counted in a resource table in the presence of local fragment, to be interacted with other peer；It is basic with video resource mark and fragment
Information attribute is column to establish resource table；
3.3) when peer downloads next fragment every time, unified query messages are generated according to resource table, are sent to neighbours
Peer carries out the inquiry of fragment, and according to query result, from the access position parsed in its neighbours peer and MPD file really
Determine download location, is downloaded by http protocol.
The invention has the advantages that the sharding method of DASH is applied in P2P stream media system, flowed with traditional P2P
Media system is compared, and the code rate adaptive technique of DASH can be introduced P2P stream media system by the use of this method, is not changed
The load balancing characteristic of P2P stream media system, the problem of not only solving single load, and make in P2P stream media system
Peer it is unstable can also to solve user terminal network environment as the variation of network environment progress code rate is adaptive when playing video
The problems such as playing Caton caused by fixed and breaking, improves broadcasting fluency, improves user and plays experience.It is most important, this
The method of invention to realize that video is broadcast in P2P stream media system without installing any plug-in unit and client in Web environment
Putting becomes a kind of possibility.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall structure total figure of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that the fragment in the method for the present invention downloads schematic illustration.
Specific embodiment
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Under normal circumstances, in DASH system, video resource is stored in server, and video slicing is only visited in server
It asks, but is also possible to that video resource is stored on multiple servers in order to slow down server stress, in this way, identical video
Fragment can be accessed in multiple positions.And in P2P stream media system, video resource may be stored not only on server, also
It can store on user node, meeting same slice in DASH system just has the case where multiple access positions.
In MPD, BaseURL element can specify one or more common point information for fragment and other resources.
According to the description in DASH standard it is found that BaseURL can appear in MPD grade in MPD file, Period grades,
Set grades and Representation grades of Adaptation.If provided in the BaseURL element of any rank spare
Basic fragment URL, then identical fragment can be accessed in multiple positions；So, pass through certain several grade in MPD file
Spare fragment URL is provided in BaseURL to realize that multiposition accesses.Server and seed node group have video counts in system
According to the same fragment has multiple access positions, will be by the whole series of the video point since seed node has once downloaded certain video
Piece all downloads, thus the video data stored on seed node be it is complete and with it is identical on server, so
Multiple fragment URL can be provided in the BaseURL of MPD rank.
The present invention is based on the P2P streaming media video playback methods of DASH optimization, based on above-mentioned principle, according to the following steps
Specific implementation:
Step 1, hardware system include server, seed node group and user node three parts
As shown in Figure 1, server provides the initial multimedia resource of video playing, it is responsible for generating video slicing into MPD text
Part is seed node group and user node service；Seed node group includes multiple seed nodes (than seed node as shown in figure 1
1, seed node 2, seed node 3), each seed node fetching portion video resource from server is stored in local, for
The downloading of family node；User node in P2P system be known as peer, including multiple peer (than as shown in figure 1 peer A, peer B,
Peer C), user node be receive, decoding and play video terminal, each peer from server, seed node group or its
Video slicing is obtained at adjacent peer to play out；
Step 2, server and seed node group prepare video slicing
2.1) server generates the initial MPD file of fragment
Video file is cut fragment according to DASH agreement by server, generates initial MPD file；
2.2) seed node group obtains video resource from server
Seed node group is to server registration and requests initial MPD file, parses initial MPD file and obtains video resource letter
Breath, according to self-ability select video resource be downloaded, once selected certain video, just by its whole series video slicing (including
Various code rate) it is all locally downloading；
2.3) server generates the MPD file of more access positions
Server monitoring seed node group summarizes seed node group after downloading initial MPD file to seed node group
The video resource information possessed generates the MPD file of more access positions, waits peer downloading；
Step 3, peer obtain video slicing and carry out adaptive identifying
3.1) when peer starts downloading, video first is requested to server, after receiving the MPD file that server is sent, parsing
The information such as several access positions of the code rate of video slicing, maximum bandwidth and minimum bandwidth, resolution ratio and fragment are got,
Then suitable code rate and access position is selected to start foradownloaded video fragment according to network environment；
3.2) peer starts to play after caching a small amount of video slicing, downloads subsequent video fragment when playing, and delayed
It is counted in a resource table in the presence of local fragment, to be interacted with other peer；It is basic with video resource mark and fragment
Information attribute is column to establish resource table；
Fragment essential information attribute includes: code rate, resolution ratio, fragment name and fragment URL, resource table for neighbours peer it
Between mutually inquire the video slicing needed for oneself.
3.3) when peer downloads next fragment every time, unified query messages are generated according to resource table, are sent to neighbours
Peer carries out the inquiry of fragment, and according to query result, from the access position parsed in its neighbours peer and MPD file really
Determine download location, is downloaded by http protocol.
The working principle of the method for the present invention is that video resource is distributed in system, by seed node group and common use
Family node shares the burden of server: server carries out fragment to video according to DASH agreement, is distributed to seed node group, and
The MPD file of more access positions is generated, supply peer downloading plays；Peer downloads the MPD file of more access positions from server,
Multiple code rates of fragment needed for parsing obtains and multiple access positions, while whether having required fragment to the inquiry of its neighbor node,
Then suitable code rate is selected according to network, and passes through http protocol from server, seed node group or its neighbor node
Downloading plays video slicing, and detailed process is as shown in Figure 2.Show some peer in P2P network how from clothes in Fig. 2
The overall process that business device, seed host and others peer obtain video slicing to play out.
Embodiment
1, access the MPD file of position more
In the present embodiment, there are three (seed1, seed2 and seed3) for the content sources of MPD file description, and provide video
Different code rates and resolution ratio five versions, bit rate is between 512kbit/s and 2Mbit/s.One there are three access position
The MPD file partial content example set is as follows:
2, resource table
Since the caching of peer is limited, so record will not be many in table, safeguard not difficult.Table 1 is a money
The specific setting of source table.
The specific setting structure of table 1, resource table
As it can be seen from table 1 the peer has cached the partial video fragment of two kinds of video resources, video 1 has cached third
It is different with fragment rate with the code rate of the 4th two video slicing, two video slicings；Video 2 has cached the seven, the 8th and the 9th
A video slicing, the 7th is identical with resolution ratio with the code rate of the 8th two video slicing, and the code rate of the 9th video slicing is differentiated
Rate is relatively high.When receiving inquiry video slicing information, unique point is determined according to code rate, resolution ratio and video slicing name
Piece.Corresponding video slicing is found, its fragment URL information is returned, otherwise searches failure.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of P2P streaming media video playback method based on DASH optimization, which is characterized in that follow the steps below to implement:
Step 1, hardware system include that server, seed node group and user node three parts, user node are also known as peer；
Step 2, server and seed node group prepare video slicing
2.1) server generates the initial MPD file of fragment
Video file is cut fragment according to DASH agreement by server, generates initial MPD file；
2.2) seed node group obtains video resource from server
Seed node group is to server registration and requests initial MPD file, parses initial MPD file and obtains video resource information,
It selects video resource to be downloaded according to self-ability, once having selected certain video, just all downloads its a whole set of video slicing
To local；
2.3) server generates the MPD file of more access positions
Server monitoring seed node group summarizes seed node group and possesses after downloading initial MPD file to seed node group
Video resource information, generate the MPD files of more access positions, wait peer downloading；
Step 3, peer obtain video slicing and carry out adaptive identifying
3.1) when peer starts downloading, video first is requested to server, after receiving the MPD file that server is sent, parsing is obtained
Several to the code rate of video slicing, maximum bandwidth and minimum bandwidth, resolution ratio and fragment access location informations, then root
Suitable code rate and access position is selected to start foradownloaded video fragment according to network environment；
3.2) peer starts to play after caching a small amount of video slicing, downloads subsequent video fragment when playing, and be buffered in
Local fragment counts in a resource table, to interact with other peer；With video resource mark and fragment essential information
Attribute is column to establish resource table；
3.3) when peer downloads next fragment every time, unified query messages are generated according to resource table, are sent to neighbours peer
The inquiry of fragment is carried out, and according to query result, under determining in the access position parsed in its neighbours peer and MPD file
Position is carried, is downloaded by http protocol.
2. the P2P streaming media video playback method according to claim 1 based on DASH optimization, it is characterised in that: described
Step 1 in,
Server provides the initial multimedia resource of video playing, is responsible for video slicing generating MPD file, is seed node group
With user node service；
Seed node group includes multiple seed nodes, and each seed node fetching portion video resource from server is stored in
It is local, it is downloaded for user node；
User node is known as peer, including multiple peer in P2P system, and user node is to receive, decode and play video
Terminal, each peer obtain video slicing from server, seed node group or its adjacent peer and play out.
3. the P2P streaming media video playback method according to claim 1 based on DASH optimization, it is characterised in that: described
Step 3.2) in, fragment essential information attribute includes code rate, resolution ratio, fragment name and fragment URL, and resource table is used for neighbours
The video slicing needed for oneself is mutually inquired between peer.
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| CN109996110B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-10-22 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Video playing method, terminal, server and storage medium |
| CN109618008A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-12 | 浪潮金融信息技术有限公司 | A kind of Multi-media Material delivery method that distributed environment decline low network band width occupies |
| CN111510790B (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2021-10-15 | 上海哔哩哔哩科技有限公司 | Video request method, system, computer device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN112543357B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2023-09-08 | 郑州铁路职业技术学院 | Stream media data transmission method based on DASH protocol |
| CN113259688B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2023-04-18 | 湖南快乐阳光互动娱乐传媒有限公司 | Storage allocation method and device for video resources |
| CN114189701B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2024-04-02 | 珠海迈越信息技术有限公司 | Method for dynamically adjusting receiving and transmitting data by live broadcast server in P2P network |
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