CN106960714B - A kind of compositely proportional electromagnet - Google Patents

A kind of compositely proportional electromagnet Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106960714B
CN106960714B CN201710221599.5A CN201710221599A CN106960714B CN 106960714 B CN106960714 B CN 106960714B CN 201710221599 A CN201710221599 A CN 201710221599A CN 106960714 B CN106960714 B CN 106960714B
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China
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armature
adjusting nut
end cap
axis
magnetism
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CN201710221599.5A
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CN106960714A (en
Inventor
胡万强
刘国红
李凌乐
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Changshu intellectual property operation center Co.,Ltd.
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Xuchang University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/127Assembling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/128Encapsulating, encasing or sealing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/128Encapsulating, encasing or sealing
    • H01F7/129Encapsulating, encasing or sealing of armatures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/13Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures characterised by pulling-force characteristics
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607Armatures entering the winding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1692Electromagnets or actuators with two coils

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of compositely proportional electromagnet, including left adjusting nut, left end cap, shell, magnetism-isolating loop, armature, right end cap, right adjusting nut;Magnetism-isolating loop is sleeved on the enclosure interior;Armature is located inside the magnetism-isolating loop;Left end cap is fixed on shell left end;Right end cap is fixed on shell right end;Left adjusting nut is connected to the armature left end;Right adjusting nut is connected to the armature right end.The present invention can be conveniently adjusted the pretightning force for acting on the armature both ends, realize the adjustability of proportion electro-magnet active force in a certain voltage or electric current;By changing the armature end face, increases electromagnetic attraction, improve output force characteristics;Replace traditional magnetism-isolating loop structure with thin-wall construction, simplifies system structure, reduce manufacturing procedure, improve production efficiency.The configuration of the present invention is simple, easy to use, function admirable can realize that bidirectional displacement exports, can be directly connected to valve core of the spool valve, realize the two-way position proportional control of valve core of the spool valve.

Description

A kind of compositely proportional electromagnet
Technical field
The present invention relates to electromagnet technical field, it is especially a kind of using new magnetism-isolating loop structure, facilitate adjustment effect in Armature both ends pretightning force, the proportion electro-magnet for increasing electromagnetism power output.
Background technology
Electricity of the proportion electro-magnet as electrical-liquid control element --- mechanical switch device, function are to control ratio Current or voltage signal proportionally converting to force or the displacement of amplifier output, the characteristic and reliable operation of proportion electro-magnet Property, there is highly important influence to electro-hydraulic proportional control system.Traditional proportion electro-magnet structure generally comprises coil, shell Body, armature, magnetism-isolating loop etc..Such as patent DE3309904 discloses a kind of proportion electro-magnet, magnetism-isolating loop non-magnet material brass It fires, needs to process angled and front and back guide sleeve assemble welding, there are requirement on machining accuracy height, manufacturing process complexity etc. is asked Topic.
At work, electromagnet coil obtains a certain determining voltage to solenoid valve, and then electric current exponentially increases, effect The suction-combining force on armature is more than pressure spring pretightning force, armature setting in motion, the push rod band moving electromagnetic valve being connected on armature Core is for linear motion.Existing proportion electro-magnet active force in a certain voltage or electric current be usually it is constant can not transfer, if When operating mode changes, then the plenty of time is needed to readjust, so that proportion electro-magnet carries out ratio control to new operating mode again System.
In addition, traditional armature end face is generally plane, and when armature generates movement, non-work between armature and end cap pole shoe Acting air gap increases, and air reluctance and magnetic leakage increase, and the electromagnetic force that magnetic flux generates becomes smaller, and magnetic energy utilization rate reduces.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of using new magnetism-isolating loop structure, facilitates adjusting armature both ends Initial tension of spring, the proportion electro-magnet that electromagnetism power output can be improved.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical solutions:A kind of compositely proportional electromagnet, including a left side Adjusting nut, left end cap, shell, magnetism-isolating loop, armature, right end cap, right adjusting nut;
The magnetism-isolating loop is sleeved on the enclosure interior;
The armature is located inside the magnetism-isolating loop;
The left end cap is fixed on the shell left end;
The right end cap is fixed on the shell right end;
The left adjusting nut is connected to the armature left end;
The right adjusting nut is connected to the armature right end;
Wherein, the left adjusting nut shape is cylindrical shape, and character shape has outer round surface, has central symmetry distribution Concave plane one and concave plane two, inner surface be internal thread.
The left end cap is the rotary body with central stepped, respectively the first stepped hole and the second stepped hole and third Stepped hole has the through-hole one and through-hole two of identical size in its both ends of the surface, its outer surface have various sizes of exterior circular column one, Exterior circular column two and cone;Wherein, the outer round surface of the first stepped hole and the left adjusting nut is clearance fit.
The shell is cylindrical shape, interior empty by being divided into empty and right side in symmetrical left side with the spacer ring that barrel is linked together Interior sky, institute's spacer ring have center hole;The empty exterior circular column one with the left end cap forms clearance fit in the left side;
The magnetism-isolating loop is thin-wall circular tubular, with outer circle (6-1), endoporus (6-2);
The armature combined on the axis of stage casing by the identical left section of axis of coaxial and structure size, right section of axis connection and At, wherein there is external screw thread one, right section of axis to have external screw thread two, the external screw thread one and the left adjusting on the left section of axis The endoporus of the screw-internal thread fit of nut, the stage casing axis and the magnetism-isolating loop forms clearance fit;
The right end cap is of the same size structure and material performance with the left end cap;
The right adjusting nut is of the same size structure and material performance with the left adjusting nut.
Preferred embodiment further includes left coil, right coil, left coil retainer, right coil retainer;The left coil is located at In the left coil retainer groove, the right coil is located in the right coil retainer groove, the left coil retainer In the left side endoporus of the shell, the right coil retainer is located in the right side endoporus of the shell.
Preferred embodiment further includes left pressure spring, right pressure spring;Wherein, the left pressure spring is sleeved on the left end In second stepped hole of lid, left end is determined by the left adjusting nut that the external screw thread one on the left section of axis with the armature is connected Position;The same manner is taken, the right pressure spring is sleeved on right section of axis of the armature, right end is by right section with the armature The right adjusting nut positioning that external screw thread two is connected on axis;
Preferred embodiment, the left adjusting nut, the left pressure spring, the left coil retainer, the armature a left side Section axis and right section of axis, the right coil retainer, the right pressure spring, the right adjusting nut are with non-magnetic metal material Material is made, and the left end cap, the shell, the magnetism-isolating loop, the stage casing axis of the armature, the right end cap then use high permeability Soft magnetic materials be made.
Advantageous effect compared with the existing technology is, using the above scheme, the present invention can be conveniently adjusted act on it is described The pretightning force at armature both ends realizes the adjustability of proportion electro-magnet active force in a certain voltage or electric current;Described in change Armature end face increases electromagnetic attraction, improves output force characteristics;Replace traditional magnetism-isolating loop structure with thin-wall construction, simplifies system knot Structure reduces manufacturing procedure, improves production efficiency.The configuration of the present invention is simple, easy to use, function admirable, can realize two-way position Output is moved, valve core of the spool valve can be directly connected to, realizes the two-way position proportional control of valve core of the spool valve.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the left adjusting nut schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the left end cap schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the body diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the magnetism-isolating loop schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the armature schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is magnetism-isolating loop structure equivalent magnetic circuit figure of the present invention;
Armature displacement-electromagnetism when Fig. 8 is the armature conical end face and the planar end of traditional armature of the embodiment of the present invention Power finite element simulation comparison diagram;
Fig. 9 is an application examples of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be described in more detail. The preferred embodiment of the present invention is given in attached drawing.But the present invention can realize in many different forms, and it is unlimited In this specification described embodiment.Make to the disclosure on the contrary, purpose of providing these embodiments is Understand more thorough and comprehensive.
It should be noted that when element is referred to as " being fixed on " another element, it can be directly on another element Or there may also be elements placed in the middle.When an element is considered as " connection " another element, it can be directly connected to To another element or it may be simultaneously present centering elements.Term used in this specification " vertical ", " horizontal ", "left", "right" and similar statement are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless otherwise defined, technical and scientific term all used in this specification is led with the technology for belonging to the present invention The normally understood meaning of technical staff in domain is identical.Used term is only in the description of the invention in this specification The purpose of description specific embodiment is not intended to the limitation present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of compositely proportional electromagnet, including left adjusting nut (1), left end cap (3), shell (4), every magnetic Ring (6), armature (8), right end cap (11), right adjusting nut (13);
It is internal that the magnetism-isolating loop (6) is sleeved on the shell (4);It is internal that the armature (8) is located at the magnetism-isolating loop (6);Institute It states left end cap (3) and is fixed on the shell (4) left end;
The right end cap (11) is fixed on the shell (4) right end;The left adjusting nut (1) is connected to the armature (8) left end;The right adjusting nut (13) is connected to the armature (8) right end.
As shown in Fig. 2, left adjusting nut (1) shape is cylindrical shape, character shape has outer round surface (1-1), tool It is internal thread (1-3) to have the concave plane one (1-2) and concave plane two (1-4) that central symmetry is distributed, inner surface.
As shown in figure 3, the left end cap (3) is the rotary body with central stepped, respectively the first stepped hole (3-1) With the second stepped hole (3-4) and third stepped hole (3-5), there are the through-hole one (3-2) and through-hole two of identical size in its both ends of the surface (3-7) has various sizes of exterior circular column one (3-3), exterior circular column two (3-8) and cone (3-6) in its outer surface;Wherein, First stepped hole (3-1) and the outer round surface (1-1) of the left adjusting nut (1) are clearance fit.
As shown in figure 4, the shell (4) is cylindrical shape, interior sky is divided by the spacer ring (4-2) being linked together with barrel In symmetrical left side in empty (4-1) and right side empty (4-3), the spacer ring (4-2) is with center hole;Sky (4- in the left side 1) clearance fit is formed with the exterior circular column one of the left end cap (3) (3-3).
As shown in figure 5, the magnetism-isolating loop (6) is thin-wall circular tubular, with outer circle (6-1), endoporus (6-2).
As shown in fig. 6, the armature (8) is by the identical left section of axis (8-2) of coaxial and structure size, right section of axis (8- 3) it is connected on stage casing axis (8-1) and is composed, wherein there is external screw thread one (A), right section of axis on the left section of axis (8-2) (8-3) has external screw thread two (B), and the external screw thread one (A) and the internal thread (1-3) of the left adjusting nut (1) coordinate, described Stage casing axis (8-1) and the endoporus (6-2) of the magnetism-isolating loop (6) form clearance fit;
The right end cap (11) is of the same size structure and material performance with the left end cap (3);
The right adjusting nut (13) is of the same size structure and material performance with the left adjusting nut (1).
Preferred embodiment, wherein further include left coil (7), right coil (10), left coil retainer (5), right coil retainer (9);The left coil (7) is located in left coil retainer (5) groove, and the right coil (10) is located at the right coil In retainer (9) groove, the left coil retainer (5) is located in the left side endoporus (4-1) of the shell (4), the right line Circle retainer (9) is located in the right side endoporus (4-3) of the shell (4).
Preferred embodiment, wherein further include left pressure spring (2), right pressure spring (12);Wherein, the left pressure spring (2) it is sleeved in the second stepped hole (3-4) of the left end cap (3), left end is by the left section of axis (8-2) with the armature (8) Left adjusting nut (1) positioning that external screw thread one (A) is connected;The same manner is taken, the right pressure spring (12) is covered On right section of axis (8-3) of the armature (8), right end is by external screw thread two (B) phase on the right section of axis (8-3) with the armature (8) Right adjusting nut (13) positioning of connection;
Preferred embodiment, wherein the left adjusting nut (1), the left pressure spring (2), the left coil retainer (5), left section of axis (8-2) of the armature (8) and right section of axis (8-3), the right coil retainer (9), the right pressure spring (12), the right adjusting nut (13) is made of non-magnetic metal material, the left end cap (3), the shell (4), institute State the soft magnetic materials system that magnetism-isolating loop (6), the stage casing axis (8-1) of the armature (8), the right end cap (11) then use high permeability At.
Fig. 7 is magnetism-isolating loop structure equivalent magnetic circuit figure of the present invention, according to ohm's law for magnetic circuit and equivalent magnetic circuit figure, has tradition The electromagnet air-gap flux formula (1) of magnetism-isolating loop structure is:The electromagnet of magnetism-isolating loop structure using the present invention Air-gap flux formula (2) is:By formula (2) it is found that as the present invention is used Magnetism-isolating loop magnetic resistance R3 increase, electromagnetic attractionIncrease therewith, whenWhen, using magnetism-isolating loop of the present invention The electromagnetic attraction of electromagnetic attraction and traditional magnetism-isolating loop is almost the same.
Armature displacement-electromagnetism when Fig. 8 is the armature conical end face and the planar end of traditional armature of the embodiment of the present invention Power finite element simulation comparison diagram.Finite Element Magnetic Field Analysis calculating (major parameter is carried out by the electromagnet to the present invention:If defeated It is 27V to enter voltage, and coil turn is 950 circles, and magnetism-isolating loop thickness is 0.1mm.), it can be seen that since magnetism-isolating loop of the present invention uses Thin-wall construction, sectional area is small, and magnetic circuit is full and magnetic resistance is big, and the magnetic line of force overwhelming majority is attracted end face by armature.With thin-walled speed The reduction of degree, electromagnetic attraction increase therewith, and simulation result is consistent with theory analysis.As shown in Figure 8, it is flat relative to armature end face When face, magnetic induction line passes through the area of air smaller when armature end face is circular conical surface, and magnetic resistance is smaller, thus the electromagnetic force that armature is subject to Want greatly more.
Fig. 9 is an application examples of the embodiment of the present invention.In the application examples, in a kind of compositely proportional electromagnet of the present invention Left section of axis (8-2) of the armature (8) connects the spool (M1) of left reversal valve (M), and right section of axis (8-3) of the armature (8) is even Connect the spool (N1) of right reversal valve (N).When work, left coil of the invention generates exciting field after being powered, and armature (8) is by axial electricity Right pressure spring pressure is overcome after magnetic force, generates displacement to the left in an axial direction, when electromagnetic force is equal with right pressure spring pressure, rank Iron is in new equalization point, and displacement is determined by left coil input signal size.Armature (8) moves to left, while driving left reversal valve (M) spool (N1) of spool (M1), right reversal valve (N) is moved to the left, for left reversal valve (M), valve port P1 and valve port B1 is connected, and valve port A1 is connected with valve port T1, and valve port size is determined by spool displacement amount, i.e., is inputted and believed by compositely proportional iron Number size determines, accordingly it is also possible to carry out ratio control to oil circuit flow.For right reversal valve (N), valve port P2 and valve port A2 is connected, and valve port T2 is connected with valve port B2.
Similarly, right coil of the invention generates exciting field after being powered, and armature (8) overcomes left pressure regulation bullet after by axial electromagnetic force Spring pressure, generates to the right displacement in an axial direction, and when electromagnetic force is equal with left pressure spring pressure, armature is in new equalization point, Displacement is determined by right coil input signal size.Armature (8) moves to right, while the spool (M1) of left reversal valve (M), the right side being driven to change It moves right to the spool (N1) of valve (N), for left reversal valve (M), valve port P1 is connected with valve port A1, valve port B1 and valve Mouth T1 is connected, and realizes commutation function, and valve port size is determined by spool displacement amount, i.e., by compositely proportional iron input signal Size determines, accordingly it is also possible to carry out ratio control to oil circuit flow.For right reversal valve (N), valve port P2 and valve port B2 Connect, valve port T2 and valve port A2 is connected, it is also possible to realize commutation, flow ratio control function.
In addition, it is necessary to explanation, this specification and its Application Example that attached drawing 9 is the present invention do not illustrate the present invention Only this Application Example.For example, it can be separately connected flow valve in armature left end of the present invention and right end, at the same it is real Apply identical speed control of same time.For example, flow valve can be connected in armature left end of the present invention, right end connects reversal valve (or left end connects reversal valve, and right end connects flow valve), while implementing commutation and speed control.For example, can be in the present invention The armature left end connects pressure valve with right end, while implementing same time uniform pressure control.For example, can be in institute of the present invention State armature left end connection pressure valve, right end connection reversal valve or flow valve, while implementing pressure, commutation or speed control etc..
Furthermore, it is necessary to explanation, done equivalent of all structure, feature and principles according to described in inventional idea of the present invention or Simple change is included in the scope of protection of the invention patent.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of compositely proportional electromagnet, which is characterized in that including left adjusting nut (1), left end cap (3), shell (4), every magnetic Ring (6), armature (8), right end cap (11), right adjusting nut (13), left pressure spring (2), right pressure spring (12);It further include a left side Coil retainer (5), right coil retainer (9);
It is internal that the magnetism-isolating loop (6) is sleeved on the shell (4);
It is internal that the armature (8) is located at the magnetism-isolating loop (6);
The left end cap (3) is fixed on the shell (4) left end;
The right end cap (11) is fixed on the shell (4) right end;
The left adjusting nut (1) is connected to the armature (8) left end;
The right adjusting nut (13) is connected to the armature (8) right end;
The left pressure spring (2) is sleeved in the second stepped hole (3-4) of the left end cap (3), left end by with the armature (8) Left section of axis (8-2) on left adjusting nut (1) positioning that is connected of external screw thread one (A);The same manner is taken, it will be described Right pressure spring (12) is sleeved on right section of axis (8-3) of the armature (8), and right end is by the right section of axis (8-3) with the armature (8) Right adjusting nut (13) positioning that upper external screw thread two (B) is connected;
Wherein, left adjusting nut (1) shape is cylindrical shape, and character shape has outer round surface (1-1), has central symmetry The concave plane one (1-2) of distribution and concave plane two (1-4), inner surface are internal thread (1-3);
The left end cap (3) is the rotary body with central stepped, respectively the first stepped hole (3-1) and the second stepped hole (3-4) and third stepped hole (3-5) has the through-hole one (3-2) and through-hole two (3-7) of identical size, outside it in its both ends of the surface There are various sizes of exterior circular column one (3-3), exterior circular column two (3-8) and cone (3-6) in surface;Wherein, the first stepped hole (3- 1) it is clearance fit with the outer round surface (1-1) of the left adjusting nut (1);
The shell (4) is cylindrical shape, and interior sky is divided into empty in symmetrical left side by the spacer ring (4-2) being linked together with barrel Empty (4-3), the spacer ring (4-2) have center hole in (4-1) and right side;Empty (4-1) and the left end cap in the left side (3) exterior circular column one (3-3) forms clearance fit;
The magnetism-isolating loop (6) is thin-wall circular tubular, with outer circle (6-1), endoporus (6-2);
The armature (8) is connected to stage casing axis by the identical left section of axis (8-2) of coaxial and structure size, right section of axis (8-3) It is composed on (8-1), wherein there is external screw thread one (A), right section of axis (8-3) to have external screw thread two on the left section of axis (8-2) (B), the internal thread (1-3) of the external screw thread one (A) and the left adjusting nut (1) coordinates, the stage casing axis (8-1) with it is described The endoporus (6-2) of magnetism-isolating loop (6) forms clearance fit;
The right end cap (11) is of the same size structure and material performance with the left end cap (3);
The right adjusting nut (13) is of the same size structure and material performance with the left adjusting nut (1);
The left adjusting nut (1), the left pressure spring (2), left section of the left coil retainer (5), the armature (8) Axis (8-2) and right section of axis (8-3), the right coil retainer (9), the right pressure spring (12), the right adjusting nut (13) it is made of non-magnetic metal material, the left end cap (3), the shell (4), the magnetism-isolating loop (6), the armature (8) stage casing axis (8-1), the right end cap (11) is then made of the soft magnetic materials of high permeability.
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CN107967979B (en) * 2017-12-28 2024-06-04 苏州熹骊科技有限公司 Constant-thrust double-push electromagnet
CN108511146B (en) * 2018-02-11 2023-05-26 山东科技大学 Novel bidirectional control proportional electromagnet device and control method thereof

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CN85103757A (en) * 1985-05-14 1986-12-24 浙江大学 High-tension resisting proporational electromagnet with bidirectional polar
CN203950628U (en) * 2014-07-02 2014-11-19 宁波丰欣电磁科技有限公司 A kind of tubular type electromagnet
CN104240893B (en) * 2014-09-16 2016-05-25 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇七研究所九江分部 A kind of bidirectional displacement type proportion electro-magnet
CN105448459A (en) * 2015-12-10 2016-03-30 哈尔滨工程大学 Multi-permanent magnet high-speed two-way electromagnet

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