CN106958547B - Press stream transformer and pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system - Google Patents
Press stream transformer and pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106958547B CN106958547B CN201710324756.5A CN201710324756A CN106958547B CN 106958547 B CN106958547 B CN 106958547B CN 201710324756 A CN201710324756 A CN 201710324756A CN 106958547 B CN106958547 B CN 106958547B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B3/00—Intensifiers or fluid-pressure converters, e.g. pressure exchangers; Conveying pressure from one fluid system to another, without contact between the fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/14—Energy-recuperation means
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Abstract
The invention belongs to osmotic energy field of generating equipment, specifically disclose a kind of pressure stream transformer and pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system, it is intended to the problem of solving the problems, such as caused by the fluid flow of infiltration is relatively low low density generated output and existing pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system itself high energy consumption.Small the cylinder piston and big the cylinder piston are respectively arranged in the pressure stream transformer, including small cylinder body, central cover, big cylinder body and piston brace rod, small cylinder body and the respective inner cavity of big cylinder body, the both ends of piston brace rod are connected with small the cylinder piston and big the cylinder piston respectively.The pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system includes above-mentioned pressure stream transformer.By pressing stream transformer conversion that can significantly improve the liquid medium flow rate by hydrogenerator, and then the Flux efficiency of generator is improved, to increase the power density of generator.The pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system can make concentrated solution side that can reach ideal back pressure under conditions of not applying external pressure, to effectively reduce energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to osmotic energy field of generating equipment, and in particular to a kind of pressure stream transformer and pressure retarded osmosis can be sent out
Electric system.
Background technology
With the growth of population in the world, the continuous improvement of industrialization and the degree of automation, the demand to energy is also rapid with day
Increase.However the mineral products energy is limited, such as oil, natural gas, coal accelerating to reduce, and bring the ring of getting worse
Border pollution problem, therefore explore and develop environmentally protective and large storage capacity new energy and have become the difficulty that countries in the world are competitively assaulted fortified position
Topic.It was found that river water can generate huge osmotic energy with sea water mixing.It is mixed for general seawater (~3.5%) and river water
The energy density for closing the osmotic energy generated is equivalent to 280 meters of high gravitional force, hydro-electric power project more maximum than the world today
The three gorges hydropower plant dam is also more than 100 meters high；More outstanding to be, for the highly concentrated salt water in the Dead Sea, this osmotic energy is equivalent to
Gravitional force up to more than 5100 meter.Osmotic energy at the global annual mouth of the river is about 2.6TW, is equivalent to the annual energy in the whole world
Measure the 20% of total demand.Moreover, osmotic energy is a kind of green, reproducible energy.
In the 1970s, Loeb etc. report it is a kind of only rely on osmotic pressure driving UF membrane pressure retarded (PRO) ooze
Energy generation technology thoroughly, and propose that directly huge osmotic energy can be converted to electric energy using this technology.Concentrated solution in this method
(such as seawater) and weak solution (such as river water) are separated by polymer P RO films, and under the action of osmotic pressure, liquid is from weak solution side
Concentrated solution side is flowed to, and then the volume of concentrated solution side liquid is made to increase, increased liquid-driving hydrogenerator power generation will
Mechanical energy is converted into electric energy.Statkraft companies in 2009 build up First PRO osmotic energies power station in Norway Tofte.This
Outside, Holland throws huge fund and builds PRO osmotic energies power station in A Fuludaike dams stage casing, and generates electricity in by the end of November, 2014 in, but this
The final system all caused by polymer P RO membrane fluxs are low and electricity generation system itself high energy consumption in two PRO osmotic energies power stations
Generated output density is low and cannot be satisfied practical application needs, development high power density PRO electricity generation systems for deeply developing and
Efficiently it is of great significance using the huge osmotic energy resource in the whole world.
For the PRO osmotic energy electricity generation systems of certain solution system, on the one hand, the power density of electricity generation system is single with infiltration
The back pressure (Δ P) of first concentrated solution side is related, and PRO generated output density is：W=A (Δ Π-Δ P) Δ P, wherein A is water penetration
Coefficient, Δ P are concentrated solution side back pressures, and Δ Π is permeable pressure head.In the power density functions, water permeability coefficient is in equipment and PRO
Film is regarded as constant after determining, power density functions are the parabola about back pressure Δ P.In process of osmosis, when
When back pressure Δ P is the 1/2 of permeable pressure head Δ Π, power density reaches maximum.In previous PRO osmotic energy electricity generation systems, it is
So that the back pressure of concentrated solution side is reached optimum value (i.e. the 1/2 of Δ Π), usually relies on and apply external pressure to adjust back pressure, due to general
The permeable pressure head of seawater (~3.5%) and river water be as high as 2.5MPa, therefore the best back pressure of concentrated solution side need to reach
1.25MPa, this needs to consume very high external energy, very high so as to cause itself energy consumption of system, although river water-seawater
The energy density of PRO osmotic energies power generation system is very high, but (system generated energy and system are certainly for the net electricity of electricity generation system output
The difference of the electricity of body consumption) well below system generated energy.
On the other hand, PRO electricity generation systems are generally generated electricity by hydrogenerator, the Flux efficiency (η of hydrogeneratorv)
For：ηv=(Q- ∑s q)/Q (q is the flow that flow flows directly into draft tube by the gap of rotating part and non-drive part, this
Partial discharge does work without runner, referred to as leakage loss), it is seen that it is directly affected by the flow Q of the liquid medium of hydrogenerator
The generating efficiency of generator, when Q is less than or equal to ∑ q, generator can not generate electricity；When Q is slightly above ∑ q, flow loss is very big, hair
Electrical efficiency is very low；Only when Q is far longer than ∑ q, the leakage loss of hydrogenerator can just be ignored, and could obtain high flow capacity effect
Rate.The Flux efficiency of hydrogenerator is improved with the increase for the liquid medium flow rate for flowing through generator.From PRO electricity-generating methods
Since being suggested, by research and development in more than 50 years, the water flux of PRO films was greatly improved, wherein polymer P RO films and its
He compares type PRO films, and comprehensive performance is best, however under the traffic level of current polymer P RO films, the stream of hydrogenerator
Still extremely significantly, generating efficiency is very low, and it is low to eventually lead to generated output density for amount loss.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of pressure stream transformers, it is intended to solve the work(that generates electricity caused by the fluid flow of infiltration is relatively low
The low density problem of rate.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：Press stream transformer, including small cylinder body, intermediate envelope
Lid, big cylinder body and piston brace rod；The small cylinder body and big cylinder body are separately positioned on the both ends of central cover, and small cylinder body is interior
The inner cavity of chamber and big cylinder body communicates with each other；The cross sectional dimensions of the small inner chamber of cylinder block is less than the cross section ruler of big inner chamber of cylinder block
It is very little, and it is respectively arranged with small the cylinder piston and big the cylinder piston in small cylinder body and the respective inner cavity of big cylinder body, the piston brace rod
Both ends are connected with small the cylinder piston and big the cylinder piston respectively, and the central cover, which is equipped with, to connect the inner cavity of big cylinder body with extraneous
Logical through-hole.
Further, being provided with reinforcement on the end face of big the cylinder piston between the piston brace rod and big the cylinder piston
Plate.
Further, small the cylinder piston sealing ring is provided between the small the cylinder piston and the inner wall of small cylinder body, it is described big
Large cylinder piston packing is provided between the cylinder piston and the inner wall of big cylinder body.
Further, the small cylinder body and big cylinder body coaxial arrangement, and small cylinder body and big cylinder body respectively with central cover
It is tightly connected.
Further, being respectively arranged with small cylinder end cap and big cylinder end on the small cylinder body and the respective end of big cylinder body
Lid, is connected with small cylinder pull rod, is connected between the big cylinder end cap and central cover between the small cylinder end cap and central cover
Large cylinder pull rod.
Further, the pressure stream transformer further includes small cylinder reversal valve and large cylinder reversal valve, the small the cylinder piston and small
Small inner chamber of cylinder block space between cylinder end cap is connected with small cylinder reversal valve, the large cylinder between the big the cylinder piston and big cylinder end cap
Internal cavity space is connected with large cylinder reversal valve.
The present invention also provides a kind of higher pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation systems of generated output density, including infiltration
Pond, weak solution pond, the first small cylinder reversal valve, the first pressure stream transformer, concentration basin, the first large cylinder reversal valve, the first hydraulic generator
Machine and large cylinder liquid medium pond；
Pressure retarded osmosis film is provided in the osmotic cell, osmotic cell is divided into dense molten by the pressure retarded osmosis film
Liquid side and weak solution side, the weak solution side are connected by circulation with weak solution pond；
The first pressure stream transformer is any one above-mentioned pressure stream transformer；
The first small cylinder that the liquid outlet of the concentrated solution side presses stream transformer with first respectively by the first small cylinder reversal valve
Liquid in-out mouth on body is connected with the inlet of concentration basin, and the liquid outlet of the concentration basin is connected with the inlet of concentrated solution side；
It is described first pressure stream transformer the first big cylinder body on medium inlet and outlet by the first large cylinder reversal valve respectively with
The inlet of first hydrogenerator is connected with the liquid outlet in large cylinder liquid medium pond, the liquid outlet of first hydrogenerator
It is connected with the inlet in large cylinder liquid medium pond.
Further, the pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system further includes accumulator, the accumulator is arranged dense molten
In connection between the liquid outlet of liquid side and the first small cylinder reversal valve.
Further, the pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system further includes pressure recovery unit, the pressure recovery list
Member is arranged in the connection between the liquid outlet and the inlet of concentrated solution side of the concentration basin, the pressure recovery unit into
Liquid mouth is also connected with the liquid outlet of accumulator, and the liquid outlet of pressure recovery unit is also connected with the inlet of concentration basin.
Further, the pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system further include the second small cylinder reversal valve, second pressure circulation change
Device, the second large cylinder reversal valve and the second hydrogenerator；
The second pressure stream transformer is any one above-mentioned pressure stream transformer；
It is described second pressure stream transformer the second small cylinder body on liquid in-out mouth by the second small cylinder reversal valve respectively with storage
The liquid outlet of energy device is connected with the inlet of concentration basin, and the medium inlet and outlet on the second largest cylinder body of the second pressure stream transformer passes through
Second large cylinder reversal valve is connected with the liquid outlet of the inlet of the second hydrogenerator and large cylinder liquid medium pond respectively, and described
The liquid outlet of two hydrogenerators is connected with the inlet in large cylinder liquid medium pond.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1) pressure stream transformer of the invention is simple in structure, can realize mutual between high energy low discharge and low energy high flow capacity
Conversion, generates electricity conducive to its aux. pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system, the high energy low discharge liquid warp that infiltration can be made to generate
It crosses conversion transmission and obtains the large cylinder liquid medium of low energy high flow capacity, significantly improve the large cylinder liquid medium by hydrogenerator
Flow reduces the flow loss of hydrogenerator, and then improves the Flux efficiency of generator, to increase the power of generator
Density, largely solving in pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system pressure retarded osmosis film small throughput, this fatal is lacked
It falls into.
2) the pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system has above-mentioned pressure stream transformer, by the cross for adjusting small inner chamber of cylinder block
Ratio between sectional dimension and the cross sectional dimensions of big inner chamber of cylinder block can be such that concentrated solution side back pressure increases substantially, wherein wrapping
Ideal back pressure (the 1/2 of Δ Π) can be reached without applying external pressure by including, to reduce to make electricity generation system reach best
Back pressure must rely on and apply external pressure and the high energy consumption that bring, effectively reduce the pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system itself
Energy consumption.
3) it is used to absorb the pressure of high pressure concentrated solution by the way that accumulator is arranged, and is returned in switching pressure stream transformer and pressure
Receive unit energy exchange cylinder alternately boost new concentrated solution when the energy that absorbs of release, the pressure wave that brings of the abatement above process
It is dynamic, extend the service life of pressure retarded osmosis film.
4) it is used to recycle the high pressure of osmotic cell concentrated solution side solution by the way that pressure recovery unit is arranged, to be fed into infiltration
The new concentrated solution pressurization of pond concentrated solution side, further decreases the energy consumption of the pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system itself.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the implementation structural schematic diagram that stream transformer is pressed in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the implementation structural schematic diagram of pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system in the present invention；
In figure label for：Small cylinder reversal valve 1, small cylinder pull rod 2, small cylinder end box nut 3, small cylinder end cap 4, small cylinder end cap are with close
Seal 5, small cylinder body 6, small the cylinder piston nut 7, small the cylinder piston sealing ring 8, small the cylinder piston 9, central cover 10, through-hole 10-1, in
Between capping with sealing ring 11, piston brace rod 12, big cylinder body 13, reinforcing plate 14, large cylinder piston packing 15, big the cylinder piston 16,
Large cylinder piston unt 17, big cylinder end cap 18, large cylinder end cover nut 19, large cylinder pull rod 20, large cylinder reversal valve 21, weak solution front pump
22, weak solution side pump 23, osmotic cell 24, weak solution effluent gauge 25, accumulator 26, concentrated solution side 27, weak solution side 28, pressure
Flowmeter 32, pressure stream transformer flow before retarded osmosis film 29, weak solution pond 30, concentrated solution lateral pressure table 31, pressure stream transformer
Flowmeter 35, pressure recovery modular pump 36, pressure before control valve 33, pressure recovery unit of flow control valve 34, pressure recovery unit
Power recovery unit 37, the first small cylinder reversal valve 38, the first small cylinder body 39, first pressure stream transformer 40, the first big cylinder body 41, concentration
Pond 42, the second small cylinder reversal valve 43, concentrated solution front pump 44, second press stream transformer 45, the first large cylinder reversal valve 46, the first water
Turbine generator 47, the first hydrogenerator outlet valve 48, the first large cylinder liquid medium pump the 49, second large cylinder reversal valve 50, second
Hydrogenerator 51, the second hydrogenerator outlet valve 52, the second large cylinder liquid medium pump 53, large cylinder liquid medium pond 54.
Arrow in Fig. 3 is directed toward the flow direction for indicating liquid.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, stream transformer, including small cylinder body 6, central cover 10, big cylinder body 13 is pressed to be connected with piston
Bar 12；Small cylinder body 6 and big cylinder body 13 are separately positioned on the both ends of central cover 10, and the inner cavity of small cylinder body 6 and big cylinder body 13
Inner cavity communicates with each other；The cross sectional dimensions of 6 inner cavity of small cylinder body is less than the cross sectional dimensions of 13 inner cavity of big cylinder body, and 6 He of small cylinder body
Be respectively arranged with small the cylinder piston 9 and big the cylinder piston 16 in big 13 respective inner cavity of cylinder body, the both ends of piston brace rod 12 respectively with
Small the cylinder piston 9 is connected with big the cylinder piston 16, and central cover 10 is logical equipped with the inner cavity of big cylinder body 13 can be in communication with the outside
Hole 10-1.
Wherein, small cylinder body 6 and big cylinder body 13 are tightly connected with central cover 10 respectively, such as in Fig. 1, and small cylinder body 6 is embedded in
It is arranged on one end of central cover 10 and is sealed by sealing ring, big cylinder body 13 is sheathed on the other end of central cover 10 simultaneously
It is sealed by central cover sealing ring 11；The inner cavity of small cylinder body 6 and the inner cavity of big cylinder body 13 are by being set in central cover 10
Via connection；It will typically ensure that small cylinder body 6 and 13 respective axis of big cylinder body are mutually parallel and are configured, preferably by small cylinder body 6
It is coaxially disposed with big cylinder body 13.Small the cylinder piston 9 is slidably disposed in the inner cavity of small cylinder body 6, to ensure sealing effect small
Small the cylinder piston sealing ring 8 is provided between the cylinder piston 9 and the inner wall of small cylinder body 6；Big the cylinder piston 16 is slidably disposed on large cylinder
In the inner cavity of body 13, large cylinder piston seal is provided with to ensure sealing effect between big the cylinder piston 16 and the inner wall of big cylinder body 13
Circle 15.Piston brace rod 12 is arranged in 13 inner cavity of 6 inner cavity of small cylinder body and big cylinder body, and the both ends of usual piston brace rod 12 are distinguished
It is connected and fixed with small the cylinder piston 9 and big the cylinder piston 16 by small the cylinder piston nut 7 and large cylinder piston unt 17, and small the cylinder piston spiral shell
It is disposed with elastic washer and plain cushion between mother 7 and small the cylinder piston 9 and between large cylinder piston unt 17 and big the cylinder piston 16
Piece.Through-hole 10-1 is used to ensure in 13 intracavity space of 6 inner cavity of small cylinder body and big cylinder body between small the cylinder piston 9 and big the cylinder piston 16
The balance of pressure, to reduce energy loss.
The operation principle of the pressure stream transformer：The piston brace rod for passing through rigidity due to small the cylinder piston 9 and big the cylinder piston 16
12 connections, so the stress of two-piston is identical, therefore P1S1=P2S2(P is pressure, and S is piston or lumenal cross-section area, 1 He
2 correspond to small the cylinder piston 9 and big the cylinder piston 16 respectively)；The volume of the liquid flowed out in from big cylinder body 13 and liquid in the small cylinder body 6 of inflow
The ratio between volume of body is V2/V1=(S2×L)/(S1× L)=S2/S1(L is 12 displacement distance of piston brace rod, 9 He of small the cylinder piston
The distance that big the cylinder piston 16 moves is identical), therefore by increasing S2And S1Ratio, increase the liquid flowed out out of big cylinder body 13
The volume of body, that is, increase the flow for flowing through liquid in hydrogenerator, and increased multiple is equal to S2With S1Ratio, due to logical
Cross the liquid of hydrogenerator flow can thousands of times ground increase, increased multiple even can be with bigger, therefore passes through
Pressure stream transformer can indirectly obtain high fluid flow, this can effectively improve the Flux efficiency of hydrogenerator, to
Increase the power density of hydrogenerator.
By above-mentioned analysis it is found that for the existing PRO electricity generation systems of no pressure stream transformer, with seawater and river
For the osmotic system of water, although permeable pressure head is up to 2.6MPa, since the water flux of pressure retarded osmosis film is low, sending out
In electric process, prodigious water flow is all to be slatterned in the form of leakage loss, therefore the power of existing PRO electricity generation systems power generation is close
It spends low.But for the pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system with the pressure stream transformer, by increasing S2With S1Ratio
Example, can be such that the back pressure of concentrated solution side 27 increases substantially, can reach ideal back pressure including without applying external pressure
(the 1/2 of Δ Π), the high energy for applying external pressure and bringing must be relied on to make electricity generation system reach best back pressure by thereby reducing
Consumption, to effectively reduce the energy consumption of electricity generation system itself.
In order to improve the bonding strength between piston brace rod 12 and big the cylinder piston 16, to reinforce the firm of big the cylinder piston 16
Property, then as shown in Figure 1, it is provided with reinforcing plate on the end face of big the cylinder piston 16 between piston brace rod 12 and big the cylinder piston 16
14。
On the basis of the above, in order to further enhance pressure stream transformer structural strength, improve its anti-pressure ability, in conjunction with
Shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, small cylinder body 6 and big cylinder body are respectively arranged with small cylinder end cap 4 and big cylinder end cap 18 on 13 respective end, small
It is connected with small cylinder pull rod 2 between cylinder end cap 4 and central cover 10, large cylinder drawing is connected between big cylinder end cap 18 and central cover 10
Bar 20.Preferably, small cylinder pull rod 2 and large cylinder pull rod 20 are rectangular be distributed setting four, as shown in Figure 2.
Wherein, small cylinder end cap 4 is generally tightly connected by small cylinder end cap sealing ring 5 and small cylinder body 6, and small cylinder pull rod 2 is logical
Too small cylinder end box nut 3 is fixed with small cylinder end cap 4, and elastic washer is disposed between small cylinder end box nut 3 and small cylinder end cap 4
And flat shim.Large cylinder pull rod 20 is fixed by large cylinder end cover nut 19 and big cylinder end cap 18, large cylinder end cover nut 19 and big cylinder end
It is disposed with elastic washer and flat shim between lid 18.
As a kind of preferred embodiment for pressing stream transformer in the present invention, then as shown in Figure 1, the pressure stream transformer further includes small
Cylinder reversal valve 1 and large cylinder reversal valve 21,6 intracavity space of small cylinder body between small the cylinder piston 9 and small cylinder end cap 4 and small cylinder reversal valve
1 is connected, and 13 intracavity space of big cylinder body between big the cylinder piston 16 and big cylinder end cap 18 is connected with large cylinder reversal valve 21.
As shown in figure 3, pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system, including osmotic cell 24, weak solution pond 30, the first small cylinder commutation
Valve 38, first presses stream transformer 40, concentration basin 42, the first large cylinder reversal valve 46, the first hydrogenerator 47 and large cylinder liquid to be situated between
Matter pond 54；
Pressure retarded osmosis film 29 is provided in osmotic cell 24, osmotic cell 24 is divided into dense molten by pressure retarded osmosis film 29
Liquid side 27 and weak solution side 28, weak solution side 28 are connected by circulation with weak solution pond 30；
First pressure stream transformer 40 is any one above-mentioned pressure stream transformer；
The liquid outlet of concentrated solution side 27 is small with the first of the first pressure stream transformer 40 respectively by the first small cylinder reversal valve 38
Liquid in-out mouth on cylinder body 39 is connected with the inlet of concentration basin 42, the inlet of the liquid outlet and concentrated solution side 27 of concentration basin 42
It is connected；
Medium inlet and outlet on first big cylinder body 41 of the first pressure stream transformer 40 is distinguished by the first large cylinder reversal valve 46
It is connected with the liquid outlet of the inlet of the first hydrogenerator 47 and large cylinder liquid medium pond 54, the first hydrogenerator 47 goes out
Liquid mouth is connected with the inlet in large cylinder liquid medium pond 54.
Wherein, weak solution pond 30 is used to store the weak solution of cycle and supplies weak solution, weak solution pond to weak solution side 28
It is usually additionally provided with liquid supplementation pipe on 30, weak solution front pump 22 is provided in liquid supplementation pipe.The liquid outlet and weak solution in weak solution pond 30
Weak solution side pump 23 and weak solution effluent gauge 25, weak solution effluent amount are disposed in connection between the inlet of side 28
Circular flow of the meter 25 for showing weak solution side 28.The liquid outlet in large cylinder liquid medium pond 54 and the first large cylinder reversal valve 46 it
Between connection on be provided with the first large cylinder liquid medium pump 49, the liquid outlet of the first hydrogenerator 47 and large cylinder liquid medium pond
The first hydrogenerator outlet valve 48 is provided in connection between 54 inlet.Weak solution in weak solution side 28 can be selected
With river water, the concentrated solution in concentrated solution side 27 can select a concentration of 3.5% seawater, the large cylinder in large cylinder liquid medium pond 54
Liquid medium is preferably lubricating oil of the range of viscosities in 1~10mPa.s.42 one side of concentration basin is for the concentrated solution after diluting
Concentrated solution is reverted to by the methods of evaporation, reduces concentrated solution and low dirt is processed by the former concentrated solution such as seawater containing pollutant
The cost for contaminating the new concentrated solution that can be used of object, to reduce the totle drilling cost of power generation；42 another aspect of concentration basin is for holding
Not yet participate in the new concentrated solution of cycle.First small cylinder reversal valve, 38 and first large cylinder reversal valve 46 is all there are three interface, when by valve
Door switch is screwed to arbitrary side, and only connected state is in there are two interface in three interfaces of reversal valve, and another connects
Mouth is closed.
The maximum amplification times yield of the first pressure stream transformer 40 used in pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system is main
It is designed according to following factors：The resistance to compression of the anti-pressure ability of 24 pond body of osmotic cell, the anti-pressure ability, pipeline of pressure retarded osmosis film 29
Permeable pressure head in ability, concentrated solution side 27 in concentrated solution and weak solution side 28 between weak solution.In general, osmotic cell 24
The the anti-pressure ability of pond body anti-pressure ability, the anti-pressure ability of pressure retarded osmosis film 29 and pipeline the high more is conducive to increase pressurized stream
The enlargement ratio of converter, but the cost and generated output density of material therefor, oozing between concentrated solution and weak solution need to be taken into account
Back pressure needed for the bigger concentrated solution side of saturating pressure difference 27 is bigger, needs to press the enlargement ratio of stream transformer bigger.24 pond body of osmotic cell
And connecting line preferably uses stainless steel of the anti-pressure ability more than 5MPa to make.
Pressure retarded osmosis film 29 is preferably more than the infiltration film production of 2.5MPa, pressure using the anti-pressure ability on supporting layer
The area of force delay permeable membrane 29 is depending on the water flux of the power of required power generation and pressure retarded osmosis film 29.
When the pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system is in running order, first the first small cylinder reversal valve 38 is screwed to first
Stream transformer 40 and 27 connected state of concentrated solution side are pressed, at this time in closing shape between the first small cylinder reversal valve 38 and concentration basin 42
State, while the first large cylinder reversal valve 46 being screwed to the first pressure stream transformer 40 and 47 state of the first hydrogenerator, at this time the
It is closed between one pressure stream transformer 40 and large cylinder liquid medium pond 54；The osmotic cell 24 under the driving of permeable pressure head
Penetration by liquid pressure retarded osmosis film 29 in weak solution side 28 penetrates into concentrated solution side 27, to which osmotic cell 24 can will permeate
Pressure difference is transformed into the hydrostatic pressure of concentrated solution side 27, and the liquid in concentrated solution side 27 can push be attached thereto first to press circulation
The small the cylinder piston of parallel operation 40, and then its big the cylinder piston pushes the liquid outflow in the first big cylinder body 41, the liquid of outflow to push away in turn
Dynamic the first hydrogenerator 47 being attached thereto generates electricity.
When the first pressure stream transformer 40 being needed to be in reset state, the first small cylinder reversal valve 38 is first switched into the first small cylinder
Body 39 and 42 connected state of concentration basin, while the first large cylinder reversal valve 46 is switched into the first big cylinder body 41 and large cylinder liquid medium
54 connected state of pond, then under the action of the first large cylinder liquid medium pump 49, large cylinder liquid medium is from large cylinder liquid medium pond
It is flowed into the first big cylinder body 41 in 54, and two pistons is pushed to return to initial position, while the liquid quilt in the first small cylinder body 39
It is discharged into concentration basin 42.
It, can be by n (n is more than or equal to 2 natural number) a pressure stream transformer in the pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system
It is used in series, the fluid flow for flowing through hydrogenerator is made to increase to (the S of pressure retarded osmosis film 292/S1)nTimes, it thus is avoided that
Due to S2/S1Ratio is excessive and causes individually to press stream transformer excessive, and then reduces the manufacture difficulty of pressure stream transformer.
In order to cut down pressure oscillation, to extend the service life of pressure retarded osmosis film 29, on the basis of the above, the pressure
Retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system further includes accumulator 26, and the liquid outlet that accumulator 26 is arranged in concentrated solution side 27 is changed with the first small cylinder
To in the connection between valve 38.Accumulator 26 is used to absorb the pressure of high pressure concentrated solution, and is alternately risen in switching pressure stream transformer
The energy that release absorbs when pressing new concentrated solution.In general, being provided with concentrated solution lateral pressure table 31 on the liquid outlet of accumulator 26, lead to
Overrich solution side pressure gauge 31 observes instant back pressure of the concentrated solution side 27 after carrying out steady pressure treatment by accumulator 26, and passes through
Stream transformer is pressed to adjust the back pressure of concentrated solution side 27；It is set gradually in connection between accumulator 26 and the first small cylinder reversal valve 38
Flowmeter 32 and pressure stream transformer flow control valve 33 before pressure flow converter, press before stream transformer flowmeter 32 for show into
Enter to press the fluid flow of stream transformer, pressure stream transformer flow control valve 33 is for controlling the liquid flow into pressure stream transformer
Amount.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system in the present invention, then as shown in figure 3, the pressure is prolonged
Slow osmotic energy electricity generation system further includes pressure recovery unit 37, pressure recovery unit 37 be arranged liquid outlet in concentration basin 42 with it is dense
In connection between the inlet of solution side 27, the inlet of pressure recovery unit 37 is also connected with the liquid outlet of accumulator 26,
The liquid outlet of pressure recovery unit 37 is also connected with the inlet of concentration basin 42.Pressure recovery unit 37 is for recycling osmotic cell 24
The high pressure of 27 solution of concentrated solution side is further decreased with being fed the new concentrated solution pressurization into 24 concentrated solution side 27 of osmotic cell
The energy consumption of the pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system itself.Above-mentioned accumulator 26 can also be in the energy of switching pressure recovery unit
Amount exchange cylinder alternately boost new concentrated solution when the energy that absorbs of release, further cut down pressure oscillation, extend pressure retarded osmosis
The service life of film 29.Specifically, in connection between the liquid outlet and the inlet of pressure recovery unit 37 of accumulator 26 according to
Secondary flowmeter 35 and pressure recovery modular pump 36 before being provided with pressure recovery unit of flow control valve 34, pressure recovery unit, pressure
Power recovery unit flow control valve 34 is used to control the fluid flow for entering pressure recovery unit 37, flow before pressure recovery unit
Fluid flow of the meter 35 for showing access into pressure recovery unit 37.
As another preferred embodiment of pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system in the present invention, then as shown in figure 3, the pressure
Retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system further includes the second small cylinder reversal valve 43, second pressure stream transformer 45,50 and of the second large cylinder reversal valve
Second hydrogenerator 51；
Second pressure stream transformer 45 is any one above-mentioned pressure stream transformer；
Second pressure stream transformer 45 the second small cylinder body on liquid in-out mouth by the second small cylinder reversal valve 43 respectively with storage
The liquid outlet of energy device 26 is connected with the inlet of concentration basin 42, the medium disengaging on the second largest cylinder body of the second pressure stream transformer 45
Mouthful liquid is gone out with the inlet of the second hydrogenerator 51 and large cylinder liquid medium pond 54 by the second large cylinder reversal valve 50 respectively
Mouth is connected, and the liquid outlet of the second hydrogenerator 51 is connected with the inlet in large cylinder liquid medium pond 54.
In the pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system, synchronization, first pressure stream transformer 40 it is in running order and
Second pressure stream transformer 45 is in reset state or opposite.Second small cylinder reversal valve, 43 and second large cylinder reversal valve 50 has three
A interface is only in connected state in three interfaces of reversal valve when valve switch is screwed to arbitrary side there are two interface,
And another interface is closed.
Specifically, being provided in connection between the liquid outlet and the inlet of pressure recovery unit 37 of concentration basin 42 dense molten
Liquid front pump 44.It is provided in connection between the liquid outlet in large cylinder liquid medium pond 54 and the second large cylinder reversal valve 50 second largest
Cylinder liquid medium pump 53, in the connection between the liquid outlet and the inlet in large cylinder liquid medium pond 54 of the second hydrogenerator 51
It is provided with the second hydrogenerator outlet valve 52.
The pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system can be arranged in parallel multiple generating sets, and (each generating set includes a small cylinder
Reversal valve, a pressure stream transformer, a large cylinder reversal valve and a hydrogenerator, connection type is the same as the second small cylinder reversal valve
43, the connection relation between the second pressure stream transformer 45, the second large cylinder reversal valve 50 and the second hydrogenerator 51), and want
It seeks common ground the time, the pressure stream transformer of certain generating sets is in reset state, and the pressure stream transformer of other generating sets is in work
Make state, since reseting procedure is much faster than the course of work, so suggesting that in running order pressure stream transformer quantity is more than
Quantity in reset state.
First hydrogenerator 47 and the second hydrogenerator 51 preferably use the hydrogenerator of extra low head, more have
Conducive to improving the power density of the pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system with combined pressure stream transformer.
The present invention provides a kind of pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system without additional back pressure and high flow capacity efficiency, for
It deeply develops and is efficiently of great significance using the huge osmotic energy resource in the whole world.
Claims (8)
1. pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system, it is characterised in that：Including osmotic cell (24), weak solution pond (30), the first small cylinder
Reversal valve (38), the first pressure stream transformer (40), concentration basin (42), the first large cylinder reversal valve (46), the first hydrogenerator
(47) and large cylinder liquid medium pond (54)；
It is provided with pressure retarded osmosis film (29) in the osmotic cell (24), the pressure retarded osmosis film (29) is by osmotic cell
(24) it is divided into concentrated solution side (27) and weak solution side (28), the weak solution side (28) is connected by circulation with weak solution pond (30)；
The first pressure stream transformer (40) includes the first small cylinder body (39), central cover (10), the first big cylinder body (41) and lives
Fill in connecting rod (12)；The first small cylinder body (39) and the first big cylinder body (41) are separately positioned on the both ends of central cover (10),
And first small cylinder body (39) inner cavity and the inner cavity of the first big cylinder body (41) communicate with each other；First small cylinder body (39) inner cavity
Cross sectional dimensions is less than the cross sectional dimensions of the first big cylinder body (41) inner cavity, and the first small cylinder body (39) and the first big cylinder body (41)
Small the cylinder piston (9) and big the cylinder piston (16), the both ends difference of the piston brace rod (12) are respectively arranged in respective inner cavity
It is connected with small the cylinder piston (9) and big the cylinder piston (16), the central cover (10) is equipped with can be by the first big cylinder body (41)
The through-hole (10-1) that inner cavity is in communication with the outside；
The liquid outlet of the concentrated solution side (27) presses stream transformer (40) with first respectively by the first small cylinder reversal valve (38)
Liquid in-out mouth on first small cylinder body (39) is connected with the inlet of concentration basin (42), the liquid outlet of the concentration basin (42) with it is dense
The inlet of solution side (27) is connected；
Medium inlet and outlet on first big cylinder body (41) of the first pressure stream transformer (40) passes through the first large cylinder reversal valve
(46) it is connected respectively with the liquid outlet of the inlet of the first hydrogenerator (47) and large cylinder liquid medium pond (54), described first
The liquid outlet of hydrogenerator (47) is connected with the inlet in large cylinder liquid medium pond (54).
2. pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The piston brace rod (12) with
It is provided with reinforcing plate (14) on the end face of big the cylinder piston (16) between big the cylinder piston (16).
3. pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The small the cylinder piston (9) and the
Small the cylinder piston sealing ring (8), the big the cylinder piston (16) and the first big cylinder body are provided between the inner wall of one small cylinder body (39)
(41) large cylinder piston packing (15) is provided between inner wall.
4. pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The first small cylinder body (39) and
First big cylinder body (41) coaxial arrangement, and the first small cylinder body (39) and the first big cylinder body (41) seal with central cover (10) respectively
Connection.
5. pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The first small cylinder body (39) and
Small cylinder end cap (4) and big cylinder end cap (18), the small cylinder end cap (4) are respectively arranged on the first respective end of big cylinder body (41)
It is connected with small cylinder pull rod (2) between central cover (10), is connected between the big cylinder end cap (18) and central cover (10)
Large cylinder pull rod (20).
6. the pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system as described in claim 1,2,3,4 or 5, it is characterised in that：It further include energy storage
Device (26), the connection that the accumulator (26) is arranged between the liquid outlet of concentrated solution side (27) and the first small cylinder reversal valve (38)
On.
7. pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：It further include pressure recovery unit
(37), the pressure recovery unit (37) setting liquid outlet and the concentrated solution side (27) of the concentration basin (42) inlet it
Between connection on, the inlet of the pressure recovery unit (37) is also connected with the liquid outlet of accumulator (26), pressure recovery list
The liquid outlet of first (37) is also connected with the inlet of concentration basin (42).
8. pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：It further include the second small cylinder reversal valve
(43), the second pressure stream transformer (45), the second large cylinder reversal valve (50) and the second hydrogenerator (51)；
The structure of the second pressure stream transformer (45) is identical as the structure of the first pressure stream transformer (40)；
Liquid in-out mouth on second small cylinder body of the second pressure stream transformer (45) passes through the second small cylinder reversal valve (43) difference
It is connected with the inlet of the liquid outlet of accumulator (26) and concentration basin (42), on the second largest cylinder body of the second pressure stream transformer (45)
Medium inlet and outlet by the second large cylinder reversal valve (50) respectively with the inlet and large cylinder liquid of the second hydrogenerator (51)
The liquid outlet of medium pool (54) is connected, the liquid outlet of second hydrogenerator (51) and large cylinder liquid medium pond (54) into
Liquid mouth is connected.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710324756.5A CN106958547B (en) | 2017-05-10 | 2017-05-10 | Press stream transformer and pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710324756.5A CN106958547B (en) | 2017-05-10 | 2017-05-10 | Press stream transformer and pressure retarded osmosis energy electricity generation system |
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| CN106958547B true CN106958547B (en) | 2018-10-12 |
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| CN107165791B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-11-22 | 四川大学 | Pressure delays osmotic energy electricity generation system |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2822906A1 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-04 | Nk System Nv | Hydraulic lift cylinder comprises primary body with piston delimiting chamber receiving primary fluid and secondary body with piston defining chamber receiving secondary fluid |
| CN102272449A (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2011-12-07 | Oasys水有限公司 | Utility scale osmotic grid storage |
| CN102705227A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-10-03 | 大连理工大学 | Multi-tooth difference internal gear pump |
| CN103172189A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-06-26 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Device for generating power by utilizing osmosis energy |
| CN104314912A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2015-01-28 | 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Gas-liquid pressure cylinder |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6152401A (en) * | 1984-08-22 | 1986-03-15 | Riyuube Kk | Intensifying accumulator |
| JP2955220B2 (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 1999-10-04 | 太陽鉄工株式会社 | In-line pressure booster |
-
2017
- 2017-05-10 CN CN201710324756.5A patent/CN106958547B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2822906A1 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-04 | Nk System Nv | Hydraulic lift cylinder comprises primary body with piston delimiting chamber receiving primary fluid and secondary body with piston defining chamber receiving secondary fluid |
| CN102272449A (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2011-12-07 | Oasys水有限公司 | Utility scale osmotic grid storage |
| CN102705227A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-10-03 | 大连理工大学 | Multi-tooth difference internal gear pump |
| CN103172189A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-06-26 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Device for generating power by utilizing osmosis energy |
| CN104314912A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2015-01-28 | 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Gas-liquid pressure cylinder |
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