CN106957943B - A kind of heat treatment method improving austenite heat-resistance steel mechanical property - Google Patents
A kind of heat treatment method improving austenite heat-resistance steel mechanical property Download PDFInfo
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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Abstract
A kind of heat treatment method for improving austenite heat-resistance steel mechanical property of the present invention, processing step is simple and effective, easily operated, at low cost, can improve the microstructure of austenitic heat-resistance steel, improve its mechanical property.It includes the following steps, step 1, is equipped with raw material according to alloying component and scaling loss amount, and raw material melting and are poured into alloy pig under vacuum conditions；Step 2, alloy pig is successively carried out to homogenization and thermal deformation field；Step 3, then the alloy after thermal deformation is cooled to room temperature in 1200-1260 DEG C of progress solution heat treatment in 25-45 minutes；Step 4, the short-term ageing treatment of medium temperature: being heated to 750 DEG C~800 DEG C for the alloy after solution heat treatment, keep the temperature 30min~60min, be air-cooled to room temperature, obtained austenitic heat-resistance steel, obtains M in the transgranular Z phase for obtaining nanoscale, and in crystal boundary23C6Phase.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of heat treatment, specially a kind of heat treatment side for improving austenite heat-resistance steel mechanical property
Method.
Background technique
With the continuous development of domestic economy, the demand to the energy is growing day by day, while to the protective awareness of natural environment
Also it is being continuously improved.Rich coal resources in China, thermoelectricity will occupy leading position for a long time in the energy resource structure in China.In fire coal
Power field, while the temperature and pressure for improving steam can effectively improve the thermal efficiency, save the consumption of coal, reduce SO2、
NOxAnd CO2The discharge of equal pernicious gases, is realized environmental-friendly.
The continuous improvement of fired power generating unit parameter also proposed harsher requirement to the performance of material.It is super at 600 DEG C
In critical fired power generating unit, HR3C heat resisting steel is due to its good enduring quality, oxidation resistance in steam energy and anti-flue gas corrosion performance
And it is widely used in military service operating condition most harsh boiler finishing superheater and reheater.HR3C is SUMITOMO CHEMICAL metal company
A kind of austenitic heat-resistance steel developed on the basis of TP310 by alloying elements such as compound addition Nb, N, in ASME standard
In material trademark be SA312-TP310NbN (UNS S31042).
In recent years, steel and power industry had been devoted to the ingredient by optimizing austenitic heat-resistance steel to improve its mechanics
Performance meets the requirement of more high parameter thermal power unit boiler.By the optimization of heat treatment process, and improve material military service performance
An important technical method, but be all that cooperate its component to carry out corresponding to the processing of austenitic heat-resistance steel in the prior art
Heat treatment, finally just finish all processes after solution treatment, without other can improve its performance other processing, power
It is limited to learn performance raising.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is provided at a kind of heat of raising austenite heat-resistance steel mechanical property
Reason method, processing step is simple and effective, easily operated, at low cost, can improve the microstructure of austenitic heat-resistance steel, improve it
Mechanical property.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of heat treatment method improving austenite heat-resistance steel mechanical property, includes the following steps,
Step 1, raw material are equipped with according to alloying component and scaling loss amount, and raw material melting and are poured under vacuum conditions
At alloy pig；
Step 2, alloy pig is successively carried out to homogenization and thermal deformation field；
Step 3, by the alloy after thermal deformation in 1200-1260 DEG C of progress solution heat treatment in 25-45 minutes, then water cooling is arrived
Room temperature；
Step 4, the short-term ageing treatment of medium temperature: the alloy after solution heat treatment is heated to 750 DEG C~800 DEG C, heat preservation
30min~60min is air-cooled to room temperature, obtained austenitic heat-resistance steel, in the transgranular Z phase for obtaining nanoscale, and in crystal boundary
Obtain M23C6Phase.
Preferably, the alloying component of the austenitic heat-resistance steel includes Ni 19-25%, Cr 20- by weight percentage
25%, Co 1.0-6.0%, Mn≤1.0%, Nb 0.2-0.8%, V 0-0.5%, Si≤1.0%, N 0.1-0.3%, C
0.04-0.10%, B 0.001-0.003%, Ce 0-0.04%, P 0.01-0.03%, surplus Fe.
Preferably, alloy pig 1150-1200 DEG C homogenization 20-30 hours.
Preferably, the alloy pig after homogenization is in 1000-1150 DEG C of progress thermal deformation field.
Further, the thermal deformation field is using hot forging or hot rolling, total deformation 60-80%, last a time deformation
Amount is not less than 20%.
Preferably, the austenitic heat-resistance steel being prepared in step 4, main hardening constituent are MX, Z phase and M23C6, at 700 DEG C
When yield strength be greater than 180MPa, elongation percentage be greater than 30%.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
A kind of heat treatment method for improving austenite heat-resistance steel mechanical property of the present invention, by drawing after solid solution treatment process
The short-term ageing treatment of medium temperature is entered.Microstructure of the austenitic heat-resistance steel after processing and forming is by austenitic matrix and coarse MX
Phase composition, the back dissolving mutually as much as possible that solution treatment keeps these coarse keep diffusion of alloy elements more uniform, are into matrix
The short-term Precipitation hardening constituent of next step medium temperature is prepared.It simultaneously can be by Novel austenitic heat-resistance steel crystalline substance using solid solution treatment process
Granularity is controlled at 4~7 grades, and making it at high temperature has good mechanical property.The short-term ageing treatment of medium temperature after solution treatment
It is the transgranular uniform high density Z phase for obtaining nanoscale, the tiny M of crystal boundary acquisition23C6The key of phase.Due to the short-term timeliness work of medium temperature
The addition of skill has a small amount of M on crystal boundary23C6It is mutually precipitated, while a large amount of tiny stabilization Z phases pass through stable phase Z in transgranular precipitation
It is mutually preferential to be precipitated, transgranular Cr element can be reduced in metal during one's term of military service to the probability of grain boundary decision, avoided because of M23C6Mutually grow up
And continuous caused grain-boundary weakness, optimize the mechanical property of Novel austenitic heat-resistance steel.
Through the heat treatment process that uses of the present invention, treated that austenitic heat-resistance steel is strong at room temperature, 650 DEG C and 700 DEG C
Degree, plasticity and toughness at room temperature are able to satisfy 650 DEG C of grade fired power generating unit mistake/reheaters to the performance requirement of material, are to realize
The effective means of Novel austenitic heat-resistance steel performance optimization.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is SEM photograph of the austenitic heat-resistance steel after solution treatment described in present example 1.
Fig. 2 is that austenitic heat-resistance steel described in present example 1 is brilliant after solution treatment adds the short-term ageing treatment of medium temperature
The TEM photo on boundary.
Fig. 3 is that austenitic heat-resistance steel described in present example 1 is brilliant after solution treatment adds the short-term ageing treatment of medium temperature
Interior TEM photo.It can be seen that the transgranular disperse educt Z phase of nano-scale.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
Example 1
A kind of present invention heat treatment method for improving austenite heat-resistance steel mechanical property, is cooperated by solid solution treatment process
The short-term ageing treatment of temperature, tiny M is precipitated23C6The performance of Z phase (NbCrN phase) Lai Youhua heat resisting steel of phase and nano-scale.
The comparison of the chemical component for the austenitic heat-resistance steel that this example obtains and existing HR3C steel is shown in Table 1.
With the chemical component of austenitic heat-resistance steel (1#) and comparative example (HR3C steel), (quality %, surplus are 1 example 1 of table
Fe)。
A kind of heat treatment method for improving austenite heat-resistance steel mechanical property of the present invention, steps are as follows:
1. the alloy sample for successively carrying out homogenization and thermal deformation field is heated to 1230 DEG C, heat preservation 30min is consolidated
Molten heat treatment, water cooling to room temperature；
2. the alloy after solution heat treatment is heated to 750 DEG C, 60min is kept the temperature, room temperature is air-cooled to.
The sample of alloy sample is 5mm × 5mm × 5mm wire cutting block, is added respectively in solution treatment and solution treatment
It after the short-term ageing treatment of medium temperature, ground, polished, corroded, utilize scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope
(TEM) it observes its tissue and phase morphology is precipitated, and determine the ingredient of precipitated phase by power spectrum (EDS).After observing solution treatment,
Such as Fig. 1, microscopic structure is mainly by a MX phase composition of austenitic matrix and bulk, and crystal boundary is almost without precipitated phase；At solid solution
After reason plus the short-term timeliness of medium temperature, such as Fig. 2, tiny M has been precipitated in crystal boundary23C6The Z phase of phase and nanoscale.Such as Fig. 3, it is transgranular more
Dissipate the Z phase that nano-scale has been precipitated.
Using heat treatment method proposed by the present invention to stretching after style handles, intensity and plasticity and standard heat treatment
HR3C steel data comparison it is as shown in table 2.
The tensile property of alloy and HR3C steel in 2 example 1 of table
Using heat treatment method proposed by the present invention to impact sample pretreating after, the heat respectively at room temperature and at 650 DEG C
The HR3C steel data comparison after impact property and standard heat treatment after exposure 200 hours and 500 hours is as shown in table 3.
Alloy and impact flexibility of the HR3C steel at 650 DEG C after heat exposure in 3 example 1 of table
In summary, the heat treatment method proposed by the present invention for improving austenite heat-resistance steel mechanical property can reduce once
The size of MX phase, while a small amount of M23C6 phase can also be precipitated in the Z phase of transgranular disperse educt nanoscale, crystal boundary.Pass through
To the size of MX, the control of Z phase and M23C6 phase size and quantity can get the institutional framework for meeting performance requirement, make it have
Excellent intensity, plasticity and toughness.
Example 2
A kind of heat treatment method improving austenite heat-resistance steel mechanical property, includes the following steps,
Step 1, raw material are equipped with according to alloying component and scaling loss amount, and raw material melting and are poured under vacuum conditions
At alloy pig；
Step 2, alloy pig is successively carried out to homogenization and thermal deformation field；
Step 3, then the alloy after thermal deformation is cooled to room temperature in 1200 DEG C of progress solution heat treatment in 45 minutes；
Step 4, the short-term ageing treatment of medium temperature: being heated to 800 DEG C for the alloy after solution heat treatment, keeps the temperature 30min, air-cooled
To room temperature, obtained austenitic heat-resistance steel obtains M in the transgranular Z phase for obtaining nanoscale, and in crystal boundary23C6Phase.
In this preferred embodiment, alloy pig homogenizes 30 hours at 1150 DEG C.Alloy pig after homogenization is carried out at 1150 DEG C
Thermal deformation field.
Example 3
A kind of heat treatment method improving austenite heat-resistance steel mechanical property, includes the following steps,
Step 1, raw material are equipped with according to alloying component and scaling loss amount, and raw material melting and are poured under vacuum conditions
At alloy pig；
Step 2, alloy pig is successively carried out to homogenization and thermal deformation field；
Step 3, then the alloy after thermal deformation is cooled to room temperature in 1260 DEG C of progress solution heat treatment in 35 minutes；
Step 4, the short-term ageing treatment of medium temperature: being heated to 760 DEG C for the alloy after solution heat treatment, keeps the temperature 40min, air-cooled
To room temperature, obtained austenitic heat-resistance steel obtains M in the transgranular Z phase for obtaining nanoscale, and in crystal boundary23C6Phase.
In this preferred embodiment, alloy pig homogenizes 20 hours at 1200 DEG C.Alloy pig after homogenization is carried out at 1150 DEG C
Thermal deformation field.
Example 4
A kind of heat treatment method improving austenite heat-resistance steel mechanical property, includes the following steps,
Step 1, raw material are equipped with according to alloying component and scaling loss amount, and raw material melting and are poured under vacuum conditions
At alloy pig；
Step 2, alloy pig is successively carried out to homogenization and thermal deformation field；
Step 3, then the alloy after thermal deformation is cooled to room temperature in 1210 DEG C of progress solution heat treatment in 25 minutes；
Step 4, the short-term ageing treatment of medium temperature: being heated to 790 DEG C for the alloy after solution heat treatment, keeps the temperature 60min, air-cooled
To room temperature, obtained austenitic heat-resistance steel obtains M in the transgranular Z phase for obtaining nanoscale, and in crystal boundary23C6Phase.
In this preferred embodiment, alloy pig homogenizes 25 hours at 1180 DEG C.Alloy pig after homogenization is carried out at 1000 DEG C
Thermal deformation field.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of heat treatment method for improving austenite heat-resistance steel mechanical property, which is characterized in that include the following steps,
Step 1, the austenitic heat-resistance steel alloying component is grouped as by following group by weight percentage, Ni 19-25%,
Cr 20-22.30%, Co 1.0-6.0%, Mn≤1.0%, Nb 0.2-0.8%, V 0-0.5%, Si≤1.0%, N 0.1-
0.3%, C 0.04-0.10%, B 0.001-0.003%, Ce 0-0.04%, P 0.01-0.03%, surplus Fe；According to conjunction
Golden ingredient and scaling loss amount are equipped with raw material, and raw material melting and are poured into alloy pig under vacuum conditions；
Step 2, alloy pig is successively carried out to homogenization and thermal deformation field；Alloy pig 1200 DEG C homogenization 20-30 hours；?
Alloy pig after homogenizing is in 1000 DEG C of progress thermal deformation fields；
Step 3, the alloy after thermal deformation is heated to 1200-1230 DEG C, keeps the temperature progress solution heat treatment in 35-45 minutes, then
It is cooled to room temperature；
Step 4, the short-term ageing treatment of medium temperature: being heated to 750 DEG C~790 DEG C for the alloy after solution heat treatment, and heat preservation 40min~
60min is air-cooled to room temperature, obtained austenitic heat-resistance steel, obtains carefully in the transgranular Z phase for obtaining nanoscale, and in crystal boundary
Small M23C6Phase avoids M23C6It mutually grows up and continuous；The austenitic heat-resistance steel being prepared, main hardening constituent be MX, Z phase and
M23C6, for the yield strength at 700 DEG C greater than 180MPa, elongation percentage is greater than 30%.
2. a kind of heat treatment method for improving austenite heat-resistance steel mechanical property according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The thermal deformation field is not less than 20% using hot forging or hot rolling, total deformation 60-80%, last pass deformation.
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| CN110565010B (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2021-03-26 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Austenitic heat-resistant steel for high-level waste glass solidified product container |
| CN109706293A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-05-03 | 太原理工大学 | It is a kind of that the corrosion proof method of heat resisting steel is improved by working hardening |
| CN109750211B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2021-05-04 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | High-niobium austenitic heat-resistant steel with high structure stability at 700 ℃ and preparation method thereof |
| CN110079737B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2021-04-27 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Twin crystal strengthened aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant stainless steel and preparation method and application thereof |
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