CN106957704A - Edible fungi residues thermoelectricity fertilizer co-generation system and technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of fertile co-generation system of edible fungi residues thermoelectricity, including be sequentially connected in series bacterium bag disintegrating machine, separator, cylindrical drier, the medium entrance of cylindrical drier is connected with hot-blast stove, it is characterised in that：The material outlet of cylindrical drier is connected by screw(-type) feeder and elevator with rotary discharge bin; the discharge gate of one additive conveying worm is also connected with the charging aperture of this screw(-type) feeder; rotary derivatived fuel comminutor, cooler, gasification furnace of the discharge bin again with rear is sequentially connected in series, and the outlet of gasification furnace is connected by decanter type clarifier, air-introduced machine with gas burning waste heat boiler；The invention also discloses a kind of fertile joint production process of edible fungi residues thermoelectricity；The present invention, which can be industrialized, handle in time bacteria residue, prevent the pollution to environment, and resource consumption is small, output object value is high, and realize continuous production and long-term normal operation, improve overall economic efficiency, the recycling of achievable bacteria residue.

Description

Edible fungi residues thermoelectricity fertilizer co-generation system and technique

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of fertile co-generation system of thermoelectricity for edible fungi residues and technique.Edible fungi residues thermoelectricity fertilizer coproduction system System and technique.

Background technology

Edible mushroom is only second to grain, cotton, oil, dish, fruit in China's agricultural economy, occupies the 6th, cultivates the bacterium of edible mushroom Include the bacteria residue such as polybag and Qi Nei strain, powder of straw, peanut shell, corncob and cotton seed hull, be biomass, current bacterium Field is arbitrarily deposited in more than slag, river levee, irrigation canals and ditches is poured over or even is burned, only Heilongjiang Province year bacteria residue amount is up to 100 Many ten thousand tons, immense pressure is brought to agricultural environment, causes the abnormal serious, quality of air environment of Rural Plane Source Pollution continuous worsening, Industry faces the bottlenecks of " develop more, more pollute "；Because the average moisture content of bacteria residue is higher than 40%, such as it is used as biological organic , it is necessary to which substantial amounts of nitrogen source organic matter makees dispensing during fertile base-material, a large amount of utilizations of bacteria residue are limited, when such as mushroom dreg feed raw material Substantial amounts of feedstuff culture medium is also required to, resource consumption is big, and corresponding input cost is also higher, and overall economic efficiency is poor, The recycling of bacteria residue can not be realized.

The content of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is that not enough there is provided a kind of fertile co-generation system of the thermoelectricity of edible fungi residues for prior art above-mentioned And technique, it, which can be industrialized, handle in time bacteria residue, prevent the pollution to environment, and resource consumption is small, output object value is high, and in fact Existing continuous production and long-term normal operation, improve overall economic efficiency, and the recycling of bacteria residue can be achieved.

In order to achieve the above object, the fertile co-generation system of edible fungi residues thermoelectricity of the invention, including the bacterium bag being sequentially connected in series are broken Broken machine, separator, cylindrical drier, the medium entrance of cylindrical drier are connected with hot-blast stove, it is characterised in that：Drum-type The material outlet of drying machine is connected by screw(-type) feeder and elevator with rotary discharge bin, an additive conveying worm Discharge gate is also connected with the charging aperture of this screw(-type) feeder, rotary discharge bin derivatived fuel comminutor again with rear, cooling Device, gasification furnace are sequentially connected in series, and the outlet of gasification furnace is connected by decanter type clarifier, air-introduced machine with gas burning waste heat boiler；

As the further improvement of said system, the slag-drip opening of the gasification furnace passes through carbon output machine and the ecological composite heat transfer of charcoal base System feeding mouthful；Being easy to breeze is used for the preparation of the ecological composite fertilizer of follow-up charcoal base；

As the further improvement of said system, rotary discharge bin is connected with derivatived fuel comminutor by conveying worm, Derivatived fuel comminutor is connected with cooler by elevator, and cooler passes through elevator, Bunker, helical feed with gasification furnace Machine is connected；Material transfer efficiency can be improved, continuous production is realized；

As the further improvement of said system, rotary discharge bin includes fixation feed bin, the support being sequentially connected from top to bottom And stationary hopper, hollow rotation distribution cabins, the top suit of rotation distribution cabins are provided between fixed feed bin and stationary hopper Outside the bottom of fixed feed bin, the bottom of rotation distribution cabins is placed in stationary hopper, and canine tooth is fixedly connected with the outside of rotation distribution cabins The little gear engaged with bull gear is associated with circle, the output shaft of a motor, in the lower surface of bull gear and the upper end of stationary hopper Face is equipped with corresponding rolling groove, and several balls are placed in corresponding rolling groove, and the bottom centre in stationary hopper sets There is material distributing cone, one piece is provided with rotation distribution cabins inwall provided with discharging opening with material distributing cone bias in stationary hopper bottom Material scraping plate above；The smoothly blanking such as biomass material of lightweight can be made, be not in block, meanwhile, it is capable to realize uniform The effect of blanking, it is ensured that the continuity of production；

As the further improvement of said system, annular groove is provided with the lower surface of the bull gear, the rolling groove of bull gear is located at This annular groove；The upper surface of stationary hopper is located in this annular groove；Can be spacing to ball progress, prevent that it from coming off, it is ensured that normal work；

The present invention uses the fertile joint production process of the edible fungi residues thermoelectricity of said system, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：1）Broken bag： Waste mushroom packet input bacterium bag disintegrating machine is crushed, material includes plastic sheet and the bacteria residue particle of biomass after crushing；2）Sorting： Broken material is sent into separator, plastic sheet is discharged, and bacteria residue particle is admitted to cylindrical drier；3）Dry：Bacteria residue Grain is in cylindrical drier through heated-air drying, and its moisture content is less than 20%；4）Batch mixing：Bacteria residue particle is discharged into after screw(-type) feeder, Mixed with the carbon sequestration additive added by additive conveying worm, carbon sequestration additive is 5-8% with the mass ratio of bacteria residue particle, Carbon sequestration additive includes 50-60% diatomite, 20-30% calcium oxide and 15-20% magnesium slag, is quality percentage Than, and the particle diameter of three kinds of components is 60-80 mesh；5）Granulation：By mixed bacteria residue particle and the feeding rotation of carbon sequestration additive Formula discharge bin, enter after discharging and be extruded, granulate, obtained graininess derivatived fuel in derivatived fuel comminutor；6）Cooling： Graininess derivatived fuel is sent to cooler and cooled down；7）Gasification：Graininess derivatived fuel is in gasification furnace at 600 DEG C -800 DEG C, air equivalent than under the micro-oxygen conditions between 0.18-0.25 be pyrolyzed, gasify, obtain the biomass fuel containing partial impurities Gas, the breeze after burning is discharged by the slag-drip opening of gasification furnace；8）Purification：Biological fuel gas is sent sedimentation in the presence of air-introduced machine In formula clarifier, abjection wood tar and pyrolkigneous liquid；9）Combustion power generation：Biological fuel gas burns into gas burning waste heat boiler after purification After generate electricity；

The present invention need to only use a small amount of carbon sequestration additive to add in bacteria residue, and resource consumption is small, its suction of the diatomite in additive Attached performance is strong, unit weight light, and fineness is uniform, and pH value neutrality is nontoxic, and mixing uniformity is good, can turn into concentrated fertilizer, promote crops Growth, act in terms of improved soil, add that particle diameter is smaller, porosity is big, and absorption property is strong, the titanium dioxide in adsorbable combustion gas Carbon, add calcium oxide and magnesium slag gasification when with the carbon dioxide reaction in combustion gas, can be by the dioxy in biological fuel gas Change carbon component to be solidificated in breeze, greatly increase the content of carbon component in breeze, be the effective effectively sufficient using ensureing of breeze Charcoal composition, as production charcoal base ecological fertilizer raw material, obtain high value output object, while reduce biological fuel gas burning When CO2 emissions；During granulation, mixed material is extruded heating, can be further backing out moisture, its bulk density and energy Metric density is also improved, and can improve gasification efficiency；Particle can be solidified during cooling, increase hardness, it is real in order to convey Existing continuous production, while sloughing 3-5% moisture again；It is strict during gasification to control air equivalent ratio between 0.18-0.25, The carbon content for making recrement after gasification while realizing production biological fuel gas is 30-60%, is the effective effective using ensureing of breeze Sufficient charcoal composition, biological fuel gas contains the fuel gas such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane；Deviate from wood tar and wood during purification Vinegar liquid, can avoid a large amount of cokings during combustion power generation from having a strong impact on the heat exchange efficiency of boiler and normal operation, and prevent that moisture is high Cause to damage big in boiler, realize the recycling of normal operation for a long time and bacteria residue；

One kind as the fertile joint production process of edible fungi residues thermoelectricity of the present invention is preferred, and its carbon content of the breeze produced in gasification process is 30-60%, it is used for the ecological compound fertilizer of production charcoal base, the flue gas of gas burning waste heat boiler is used to produce the dry of charcoal base ecological fertilizer It is dry；Reduce thermal loss and improve overall economic efficiency；

One kind as the fertile joint production process of edible fungi residues thermoelectricity of the present invention is preferred, and wood tar and pyrolkigneous liquid quilt are deviate from cleaning procedure Additive for producing the ecological composite fertilizer of charcoal base；Wood tar and pyrolkigneous liquid can make plant nutrient regulation auxin, have to plant Effect is grown, desinsection is splendid, be conducive to granulating and forming to act on again as the ecological fertilizer additive of charcoal base, the growth factor in pyrolkigneous liquid There is regulation to promote the function of plant growth；

In summary, the present invention, which can be industrialized, handle in time bacteria residue, prevent the pollution to environment, and resource consumption is small, output object Value is high, and realizes continuous production and long-term normal operation, improves overall economic efficiency, the recycling of bacteria residue can be achieved Utilize.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the fertile co-generation system embodiment of edible fungi residues thermoelectricity of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the front view of rotary discharge bin in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is bull gear and stationary hopper junction structure chart in Fig. 2.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation.

As shown in figure 1, the fertile co-generation system of the edible fungi residues thermoelectricity of the present embodiment, including be sequentially connected in series by belt feeder 2 and 4 Bacterium bag disintegrating machine 1, rotary screen formula separator 3, cylindrical drier 5, the medium entrance of cylindrical drier 5 and hot-blast stove 6 It is connected, the material outlet of cylindrical drier 5 is connected by screw(-type) feeder 7 and elevator 8 with rotary discharge bin 9, and one adds Plus charging aperture of the discharge gate of agent conveying worm 10 also with screw(-type) feeder 7 is connected, rotary discharge bin 9 spreads out with rear again Raw fuel comminutor 11 is connected by conveying worm 12, and derivatived fuel comminutor 11 passes through elevator 13 with counter-current cooler 14 It is connected, cooler 14 is connected with gasification furnace 18 by elevator 15, Bunker 16, conveying worm 17, the outlet of gasification furnace 18 It is connected by decanter type clarifier 19, air-introduced machine 20 with gas burning waste heat boiler 21；The slag-drip opening of gasification furnace 18 passes through carbon output machine 22 It is connected with the charging aperture of the ecological composite heat transfer system 23 of charcoal base；

Wherein rotary discharge bin 9 as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, including be sequentially connected from top to bottom fixation feed bin 31, the and of support 32 Stationary hopper 33, is provided with hollow rotation distribution cabins 34 between fixed feed bin 31 and stationary hopper 33, rotation distribution cabins 34 Top is sleeved on outside the bottom of fixed feed bin 31, and the bottom of rotation distribution cabins 34 is placed in stationary hopper 33, in rotation distribution cabins 34 outside welding, which are fixedly connected with bull gear 35, the output shaft of a motor 37, is associated with the little gear 36 engaged with bull gear 35, motor 37 are fixedly connected on support 32；Annular groove 38 is provided with the lower surface of bull gear 35, the upper surface of stationary hopper 33 is located at this ring In groove, corresponding rolling groove is equipped with the upper surface of the end face of annular groove 38 and stationary hopper 33, several balls 39 are placed in relatively In the rolling groove answered, the bottom centre in stationary hopper 33 is provided with material distributing cone 40, in the bottom of stationary hopper 33 and material distributing cone 40 Eccentric is provided with discharging opening 41, and several piece material scraping plate 42 is provided with the rotation inwall of distribution cabins 34；Fixed in use, material enters Feed bin 31, startup motor 37, are rotated distribution cabins 34 and are rotated, material distributing cone 40 pushes away material by little gear 36, bull gear 35 Laterally, tapping channel is formed between material distributing cone 40 and stationary hopper 33, material scraping plate 42 promotes material to be incited somebody to action when passing through discharging opening 41 It is discharged；In use, material enters fixed feed bin 31, starts motor 37, cloth is rotated by little gear 36, bull gear 35 Storehouse 34 is rotated, and material distributing cone 40 pushes material to outside, and tapping channel, material scraping plate 42 are formed between material distributing cone 40 and stationary hopper 33 Material is promoted to be discharged it when passing through discharging opening 41；The device can make the biomass of lightweight by using rotation distribution cabins 34 The smooth blanking of material, is not in block, meanwhile, it is capable to realize the effect of uniform blanking, it is ensured that the continuity of granulation, realizes system Unite prolonged normal work；

Edible fungi residues thermoelectricity fertile joint production process of the present invention for said system, comprises the following steps：1）Broken bag：Waste mushroom packet is thrown Enter bacterium bag disintegrating machine 1 to be crushed, the material after crushing includes plastic sheet and the bacteria residue particle of biomass；2）Sorting：Will be broken Material feeding rotary screen formula separator 3, plastic sheet is discharged, and bacteria residue particle is admitted to cylindrical drier 5；3）Dry：Bacterium Solid impurity particle is through heated-air drying in cylindrical drier 5, and its moisture content is less than 20%；4）Batch mixing：Bacteria residue particle be discharged into spiral to Mixed after material machine 7, with the carbon sequestration additive added by additive conveying worm 10, the quality of carbon sequestration additive and bacteria residue particle Than for 5-8%, carbon sequestration additive includes 50-60% diatomite, 20-30% calcium oxide and 15-20% magnesium slag, is Mass percent, and the particle diameter of three kinds of components is 60-80 mesh；5）Granulation：By mixed bacteria residue particle and carbon sequestration additive Boosted machine 8 sends into rotary discharge bin 9, enters after discharging and is extruded, granulates, while being risen in derivatived fuel comminutor 11 Temperature, obtained graininess derivatived fuel；6）Cooling：Graininess derivatived fuel is sent to cooler 14 and cooled down；7）Gasification： The granular boosted machine 15 of derivatived fuel, Bunker 16, in conveying worm 17 to gasification furnace 18, work as in 600 DEG C -800 DEG C, air Amount obtains the biological fuel gas containing partial impurities, after burning than pyrolysis, gasification under the micro-oxygen conditions between 0.18-0.25 Breeze discharged by the slag-drip opening of gasification furnace 18, into carbon output machine 22, be used for the ecological composite fertilizer of production charcoal base；8）Purification：It is raw Substance combustible gas is sent in decanter type clarifier 19 in the presence of air-introduced machine 20, wood tar and wooden vinegar in abjection biological fuel gas Liquid, the additive for producing charcoal base ecological fertilizer；9）Combustion power generation：Biological fuel gas enters gas burning waste heat boiler 21 after purification Generated electricity after burning, the flue gas of gas burning waste heat boiler is used for the drying for producing charcoal base ecological fertilizer；

The present invention need to only use a small amount of carbon sequestration additive to add in bacteria residue, and resource consumption is small；Diatomaceousization in additive A point mainly SiO2 is studied, containing a small amount of Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO etc. and organic matter, SiO2 rises stable to active component Effect；Its absorption property of diatomite is strong, unit weight light, and fineness is uniform, and pH value neutrality is nontoxic, and mixing uniformity is good, will not when using Agricultural machinery pipeline is blocked, moisturizing, loose soil property, extension drug effect fertilizer efficiency time can be played in soil, crop growth effect is encouraged, Concentrated fertilizer can be turned into, promote effect in terms of crop growth, improved soil, add that particle diameter is smaller, porosity is big, adsorptivity Can be strong, absorbing carbon dioxide can be played a part of in pyrolytic gasification, calcium oxide and magnesium slag is added in gasification and combustion gas In carbon dioxide reaction, calcium carbonate, carbon and magnesia are generated respectively, the dioxide component in biological fuel gas can be solidified In breeze, the content of carbon component in breeze is greatly increased, is the effective using effectively sufficient charcoal composition is ensured of breeze, turns into Produce the raw material of the ecological composite fertilizer of charcoal base, charcoal base manure be one kind using biomass carbon as matrix, according to different zones land characteristics, no The ecological environment-friendly type fertilizer being formulated with plant growth feature and the principle that applies fertilizers scientifically, addition organic matter or/and inanimate matter； Charcoal base manure basic theories is clay fertilizer charcoal base-organism, that is, increases the content of charcoal base-organic matter in soil, quick transformation soil knot Structure, balance salt and moisture, the soil environment for being conducive to plant health to grow is created by rapid aging, so as to increase soil fertilizer Power, promotes plant growth, referred to as " geobiont bridge technology ", can improve the crumb structure of soil, improves soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping Ability, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, with higher-value；Increase the content of carbon component in breeze simultaneously, biomass fuel can be reduced CO2 emissions when gas burns；During granulation, mixed material is extruded, heated up, and can be further backing out moisture, its heap ratio Weight and energy density are also improved, and can improve gasification efficiency；Material is warmed, softened after granulation, and cooling can be carried out to particle Cooling, solidification, increase hardness, in order to convey, realizes continuous production, while sloughing 3-5% moisture again；It is strict during gasification Air equivalent ratio is controlled between 0.18-0.25, the carbon content of recrement after making gasification while production biological fuel gas is realized It is the effective using effectively sufficient charcoal composition is ensured of breeze, biological fuel gas contains hydrogen, carbon monoxide, first for 30-60% The fuel gas such as alkane；Deviate from wood tar and pyrolkigneous liquid during purification, a large amount of cokings during combustion power generation can be avoided to have a strong impact on boiler It is normal to run and heat exchange efficiency, and prevent that moisture height from causing to damage big in boiler, realize the resource of normal operation for a long time and bacteria residue Change and utilize；Wood tar and pyrolkigneous liquid can make plant nutrient regulation auxin, have growth effect to plant, desinsection is splendid, as charcoal Base ecology fertilizer additive is conducive to granulating and forming to act on, and the growth factor in pyrolkigneous liquid has the function of regulation promotion plant growth.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of fertile co-generation system of edible fungi residues thermoelectricity, including be sequentially connected in series bacterium bag disintegrating machine, separator, drum-type drying Machine, the medium entrance of cylindrical drier is connected with hot-blast stove, it is characterised in that：The material outlet of cylindrical drier passes through spiral shell Rotation batcher and elevator are connected with rotary discharge bin, the discharge gate of an additive conveying worm also with this screw(-type) feeder Charging aperture be connected, rotary discharge bin is sequentially connected in series with the derivatived fuel comminutor, cooler, gasification furnace at rear again, gasification The outlet of stove is connected by decanter type clarifier, air-introduced machine with gas burning waste heat boiler.

2. the fertile co-generation system of edible fungi residues thermoelectricity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The slag-drip opening of the gasification furnace It is connected by the ecological composite heat transfer system feeding mouthful of carbon output machine and charcoal base.

3. the fertile co-generation system of the edible fungi residues thermoelectricity stated according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Rotary discharge bin is with spreading out Raw fuel comminutor is connected by conveying worm, and derivatived fuel comminutor is connected with cooler by elevator, cooler and Gasification furnace is connected by elevator, Bunker, conveying worm.

4. the fertile co-generation system of edible fungi residues thermoelectricity according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Rotary discharge bin include by On the fixation feed bin, support and the stationary hopper that are sequentially connected downwards, be provided with hollow rotation between fixed feed bin and stationary hopper Turn distribution cabins, the top of rotation distribution cabins is sleeved on outside the bottom of fixed feed bin, and the bottom of rotation distribution cabins is placed in stationary hopper It is interior, it is fixedly connected with the outside of rotation distribution cabins on bull gear, the output shaft of a motor and is associated with the little gear engaged with bull gear, big The lower surface of gear ring and the upper surface of stationary hopper are equipped with corresponding rolling groove, and several balls are placed in corresponding rolling groove In, bottom centre in stationary hopper is provided with material distributing cone, stationary hopper bottom and material distributing cone it is eccentric be provided with discharging opening, More than one piece of material scraping plate is provided with rotation distribution cabins inwall.

5. the fertile co-generation system of edible fungi residues thermoelectricity according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：In the lower end of the bull gear Face is provided with annular groove, and the rolling groove of bull gear is located at this annular groove；The upper surface of stationary hopper is located in this annular groove.

6. use the fertile joint production process of the edible fungi residues thermoelectricity of system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps： 1）Broken bag：Waste mushroom packet input bacterium bag disintegrating machine is crushed, material includes plastic sheet and the bacteria residue particle of biomass after crushing； 2）Sorting：Broken material is sent into separator, plastic sheet is discharged, and bacteria residue particle is admitted to cylindrical drier；3）Dry： Bacteria residue particle is in cylindrical drier through heated-air drying, and its moisture content is less than 20%；4）Batch mixing：Bacteria residue particle be discharged into spiral to Mixed after material machine, with the carbon sequestration additive added by additive conveying worm, the mass ratio of carbon sequestration additive and bacteria residue particle For 5-8%, carbon sequestration additive includes 50-60% diatomite, 20-30% calcium oxide and 15-20% magnesium slag, is matter Percentage is measured, and the particle diameter of three kinds of components is 60-80 mesh；5）Granulation：Mixed bacteria residue particle and carbon sequestration additive are sent Enter rotary discharge bin, enter after discharging and be extruded, granulate, obtained graininess derivatived fuel in derivatived fuel comminutor； 6）Cooling：Graininess derivatived fuel is sent to cooler and cooled down（Solidification, increase hardness, are easy to conveying, while sloughing 3-5% Moisture）；7）Gasification：Graininess derivatived fuel in gasification furnace 600 DEG C -800 DEG C, air equivalent ratio 0.18-0.25 it Between micro-oxygen conditions under pyrolysis, gasification, obtain the biological fuel gas containing partial impurities, the breeze after burning by gasification furnace row Cinder notch is discharged, into the ecological composite fertilizer's fertilizer producing system of charcoal base；8）Purification：Biological fuel gas is sent sedimentation in the presence of air-introduced machine In formula clarifier, abjection tar and pyrolkigneous liquid；9）Combustion power generation：Biological fuel gas enters after gas burning waste heat boiler burning after purification Generate electricity.

7. the fertile joint production process of edible fungi residues thermoelectricity according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The charcoal produced in gasification process The carbon content of slag reaches 30-60%, is extraordinary charcoal base manure raw material, is used for the ecological composite fertilizer of production charcoal base, waste heat gas The flue gas of boiler is used for the drying for producing charcoal base ecological fertilizer.

8. the fertile joint production process of edible fungi residues thermoelectricity according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Deviate from wood in cleaning procedure burnt Oil and pyrolkigneous liquid are used for the additive for producing the ecological composite fertilizer of charcoal base.