CN106955179B - 一种侧开式脊柱畸形手术后护理支具 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种侧开式脊柱畸形手术后护理支具,属于医疗设备技术领域,该护理支具包括借助连接件连接固定的前位支具和后位支具,两者连接后的内腔形成人体躯干颈部到腰部的支撑单元,两者内壁上均固定有防压疮衬垫,其外表面为波浪形,后位支具在脊柱位置设置有换药口,换药口处铰接有翻转开闭的药物敷料压紧板,其翻转侧设置有用于与后位支具连接固定的锁紧机构,药物敷料压紧板内侧端面借助回弹单元连接有用于固定所敷药物的顶紧板,前位支具在腹部位置和颈部位置分别设置腹部开口和通风口,前位支具和后位支具在胯部位置设置有与人体胯部外轮廓相匹配的隆起结构,该支具在人体活动时紧贴人体表面进行脊柱支撑,持续有效保持护理效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医疗设备技术领域,具体涉及一种侧开式脊柱畸形手术后护理支具。
背景技术
中国专利文件ZL201420428713.3公开了一种胸腰椎固定背心支架,该专利主要解决的技术问题是术后患者如何尽快下地走路的问题。目前,脊柱畸形术后需要保持脊柱整体相对位置不变,以稳定术后脊柱形态,然而事实上术后患者进行翻身等活动时,经常出现脊柱各部分行动不协调,容易造成颈椎等错位从而造成二次事故,还经常发生手术切口换药不便、伤口受压难以愈合、护理困难以及躯干其他部位皮肤受压或发生皮肤病变等情况。
基于现有脊柱支架的不足,患者即使能够下地走路,依然存在术后护理的不足,患者在进行各种动作时会造成身体轮廓的变化,护具对脊柱的位置保持效果逐渐变差,手术切口的愈合和护理缺陷,躯干其他部位皮肤受压或发生皮肤病变等,使得手术后的支具和护理效果得不到保持。
发明内容
本发明克服了现有技术的不足,提供了一种侧开式脊柱畸形手术后护理支具,该护理支具能够在患者呼吸或者活动时保持对患者躯干的良好支撑,以维持手术后的脊柱形状,保证手术效果的良好延续、保持直至最后的稳固,支具含有有效的中药成分和理疗磁性物质等,因而具有促进手术切口的愈合、便于护理以及防止躯干其他部位皮肤受压或发生皮肤病变等功能,使得术后的支具和护理效果得到保持,并且在患者使用过程中具有较好的佩戴舒适感。
本发明的具体技术方案是:
一种侧开式脊柱畸形手术后护理支具,包括借助连接件连接固定的前位支具和后位支具,前位支具和后位支具连接后的内腔形成人体躯干颈部到腰部的支撑单元,关键点是,所述前位支具和后位支具内壁上均固定有防压疮衬垫,所述防压疮衬垫外表面为波浪形,所述后位支具在脊柱位置设置有换药口,后位支具在换药口处铰接有翻转开闭的药物敷料压紧板,药物敷料压紧板尺寸大于换药口尺寸,药物敷料压紧板的翻转侧设置有用于与后位支具连接固定的锁紧机构,所述药物敷料压紧板端面上设置有通风孔,其内侧端面借助回弹单元连接有用于固定所敷药物的顶紧板。
所述的防压疮衬垫的原料组分包括80-100份的环氧树脂、10-15份固化剂、5-10份发泡剂、8-12份表面活性剂、20-25份填料、2-5份触变剂、5-15份纳米钛白粉、15-20份电气石粉、20-25份艾绒、5-10份当归、5-10份红花、5-10份赤芍。
所述的发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺,表面活性剂为环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物,填料为无机空心微球,触变剂为膨润土,所述电气石粉颗粒粒径为10-100微米,所述艾绒、当归、红花和赤芍均为粒径100-500微米的粉末颗粒。
所述的前位支具包括在颈部和胸部之间铰接连接的上支具和下支具,所述连接件包括上支具和后位支具之间的粘扣单元以及下支具与后位支具之间的铰接单元和卡扣单元。
所述的前位支具在腹部位置设置有腹部开口,在颈部位置设置有通风口。
所述的前位支具和后位支具在胯部位置设置有与人体胯部外轮廓相匹配的隆起结构。
所述的后位支具两侧内壁沿竖向镶嵌设置有两组方向相对的磁石,两组磁石的相对面为相反的磁极。
所述的顶紧板原料组份包括100份聚氨酯、3-5份发泡剂、15-20份狗脊以及10-15份紫花地丁。
所述的发泡剂为环戊烷或者正戊烷,狗脊和紫花地丁均为粒径100-300微米的粉末颗粒。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明中利用波浪形表面的防压疮衬垫来提高支具对患者躯干的支撑效果,患者在呼吸或者活动时,支具内壁能够顶紧患者浮动的身体表面,最大限度保持脊柱术后形状,与此同时,防压疮衬垫的波浪形表面与患者身体表面接触后,其波谷位置能够形成通风风道,患者颈部至腰部的躯干部位能够通风干燥,防止潮湿、生菌、生疮等不良症状,为患者长时间佩戴该支具提供良好的环境,佩戴舒适感显著改善并获得最佳的手术矫形后脊柱形状保持效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2是图1的左视图。
图3是本发明中药物敷料压紧板与后位支具的装配结构示意图。
图4是本发明中磁石与后位支具的装配结构示意图。
附图中,101、上支具,102、下支具,2、后位支具,3、防压疮衬垫,4、粘扣单元,5、铰接单元,6、卡扣单元,7、腹部开口,8、换药口,9、药物敷料压紧板,10、通风孔,11、回弹单元,12、顶紧板,13、通风口。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种侧开式脊柱畸形手术后护理支具,包括借助连接件连接固定的前位支具和后位支具2,前位支具和后位支具2连接后的内腔形成人体躯干颈部到腰部的支撑单元,所述前位支具和后位支具2内壁上均固定有防压疮衬垫3,所述防压疮衬垫3外表面为波浪形,所述后位支具2在脊柱位置设置有换药口8,后位支具2在换药口8处铰接有翻转开闭的药物敷料压紧板9,药物敷料压紧板9尺寸大于换药口8尺寸,药物敷料压紧板9的翻转侧设置有用于与后位支具2连接固定的锁紧机构,所述药物敷料压紧板9端面上设置有通风孔10,其内侧端面借助回弹单元11连接有用于固定所敷药物的顶紧板12,该支具能够对患者颈椎、胸椎和腰椎进行固定支撑,对脊柱各个部位均能够起到保护作用。
具体实施例,如图1至图4所示,前位支具包括在颈部和胸部之间铰接连接的上支具101和下支具102,前位支具和后位支具2之间的连接件包括上支具101和后位支具2之间的粘扣单元4以及下支具102与后位支具2之间的铰接单元5和卡扣单元6,患者在使用该护理支具时,先将前位支具和后位支具侧面的卡扣单元6打开,两者沿铰接单元5翻转打开,由此,前位支具和后位支具2形成侧开式的护理支具,然后,将前位支具中的上支具101和下支具102沿铰接处上下翻转打开,患者躯干进入前位支具和后位支具之间,然后将两者之间的卡扣单元6锁闭固定,随后将上支具和下支具翻转并根据患者的颈部大小来确定翻转位置,最终通过粘扣单元4将上支具和后位支具的颈部位置固定锁紧,至此,人体躯干的颈部至腰部全部位于护理支具内腔中并形成稳定支撑。
为了使患者长时间穿戴该护理支具,前位支具在腹部位置设置有腹部开口7,便于患者腹部呼吸和进食后腹部浮动提供空间,改善舒适度,此外,在颈部位置设置有通风口13,该通风口13和腹部开口7以及换药口8都能够起到通风干燥的作用,并且三者结合波浪形的防压疮衬垫3能够形成流经患者颈部至腰部的通风风道,防止患者皮肤潮湿生菌和生疮,改善患者佩戴的体表舒适度,此外,为了提高患者敷药口的药物稳定程度,换药口8处的增设药物敷料压紧板9,该药物敷料压紧板9可以翻转打开,在患者后背脊柱处进行药物外敷后,将药物敷料压紧板9翻转闭合,闭合时通过翻转侧的锁紧机构将其与后位支具2固定锁闭,该锁紧机构可以为粘扣或者卡扣,闭合后,其内端面通过回弹单元11将顶紧板12顶紧在外敷药物处,回弹单元11为一组均布的弹簧,并且该顶紧板12为记忆棉,结合弹簧的弹力以及记忆棉功能,该顶紧板12随人体活动或者呼吸进行相应的形变,其顶紧的外敷药物适中被稳定固定在患处,大大降低了药物脱落的可能;此外,为了提高穿戴稳定性和舒适感,前位支具和后位支具2在胯部位置设置有与人体胯部外轮廓相匹配的隆起结构14,该隆起结构14既能够避免佩戴支具时患者胯部的不适感,有能够提高整个护理支具在患者身上的支撑稳定性。
顶紧板12为记忆棉材质,其原料组份包括100份聚氨酯、4份发泡剂、18份狗脊以及12份紫花地丁,发泡剂为环戊烷或者正戊烷,狗脊和紫花地丁均为粒径100-300微米的粉末颗粒,制作该顶紧板12时使用模塑工艺,将聚氨酯、发泡剂、狗脊以及紫花地丁均匀混合,然后注入模腔中,随后进行加热熟化,脱模后形成产品;使用上述原料制作成型的顶紧板12将患者外敷药物顶紧在患处,实际使用时,顶紧板12尺寸一般会大于外敷药物的面积,其边缘位置会直接与皮肤接触,由于其记忆棉功能,顶紧板边缘位置也能够顶紧患者皮肤表面,狗脊和紫花地丁均匀分布于顶紧板12材质中,狗脊能够对接触部位祛风除湿,顶紧板12外部的药物敷料压紧板9上设置有通风孔10,该处位置易成为风湿聚集位置,并且该处位置为腰部,风寒湿气聚集后会阻碍患者身体上下气血流通,造成患者周身不适,顶紧板12中的狗脊成分能够对该处形成保护作用,既能够保证该处通风,又避免患者身体受损,紫花地丁对痢疾杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎球菌、皮肤真菌有抑制作用,防止敷药部位周边感染真菌,并且还具有清热解毒、凉血消肿的作用,能够解除所敷药物中多余的毒性,消除敷药处的肿痛症状,由于狗脊去除患处周围的湿气后会造成患处周围干热,紫花地丁的清热功效能够避免患处干热症状造成的皮肤龟裂损伤,保证皮肤完整及其基本弹性,为患者在敷药过程提供了良好的环境,保证了患处的敷药效果。
为了保持和提高手术的效果,后位支具2两侧内壁沿竖向镶嵌设置有两组方向相对的磁石15,两组磁石15的相对面为相反的磁极,如图4所示,两组磁石15形成了一组穿过脊柱的磁场,该磁场能够加速脊柱周围细胞的复活更新,增强细胞的生命力,改善微循环,净化血液,纠正内分泌的失调和紊乱,调节患者机体的生理功能,并且能够预防和缓解手术后的各种炎症,促进伤口加速愈合,该磁场在穿过脊柱的过程中还穿过胃部和肠道,对正常的肠胃,磁场能够增强其生物电活动,提高胃肠蠕动,促进肠胃吸收,为患者手术后的恢复提供良好的营养吸收环境。
为了使患者使用该护理支具后能够活动自如,支具内壁上粘附固定有防压疮衬垫3,防压疮衬垫3外表面为波浪形,其波浪形表面的波峰部位与患者身体表面相接触,波谷部位与患者身体表面之间相隔并形成风道,保证患者身体表面尽量通风,保持干燥,同时,波浪形的防压疮衬垫3还能够保证患者在呼吸或者活动使得躯干体积发生变化时,支具依然能够稳定支撑患者躯干,起到压紧患者身体的作用;所述防压疮衬垫3的原料组分包括90份的环氧树脂、13份固化剂、8份发泡剂、10份表面活性剂、22份填料、4份触变剂、10份纳米钛白粉、18份电气石粉、23份艾绒、8份当归、8份红花、8份赤芍,发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺,表面活性剂为环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物,填料为无机空心微球,其相比于其他种类的填料,在用作环氧泡沫塑料的填料更有效,能提高泡沫塑料的强度、耐热性、尺寸稳定性和表面光滑性,在发泡固化过程中会发生微球上浮现象,需添加适量触变剂,触变剂选用膨润土,可使泡沫及无机空心微球位置稳定,防止其上浮、分层,所述电气石粉颗粒粒径为10-100微米,所述艾绒、当归、红花和赤芍均为粒径100-500微米的粉末颗粒,由上述原料制成的防压疮衬垫3是带有理疗功能的发泡塑料,该发泡塑料在生产时采用机械发泡工艺,通过高速搅拌的形式将空气带入原料中,逐渐形成发泡塑料,在该过程中没有超高温、高压等步骤,只是搅拌过程散发的热量,该热量既能够将艾绒、当归、红花和赤芍的药性激发出来,又不会因为热量过高造成不可逆转的药性破坏;纳米钛白粉均匀分布在发泡塑料中,其耐热性好,不分解、不变质,并且具备较好的抗菌能力,在炎热季节或者人体发热时,其能够保持其自身特性,并且能够在患者长时间穿戴该支具后发挥抗菌、杀菌、防污、自洁的作用,能够为患者长时间佩戴该护理支具提供良好的环境基础;电气石粉均匀分布在发泡塑料中,能够迅速消除异味,电气石粉吸收人体散发的热量后会带上电荷,能长期产生电离子,并永久释放空气负离子和远红外线,远红外能够刺激活化患者肌肤,而达到消毒杀菌的作用,并且其产生的远红外能够对中药成分进行加热激发药性,形成对人体表面的药灸,艾绒起到舒筋活血、散寒止痛,防止患者躯干部位因通风干燥而产生风寒湿气入体,避免患者因佩戴护理支具产生风湿症状,当归、红花和赤芍能够起到活血化瘀的作用,促进患者血液循环和内分泌,结合防压疮衬垫波浪形的突出部对人体穴位产生的按压灸疗效果,该防压疮衬垫对患者躯干部位形成了针灸和药灸的双重作用,能够在刺激人体穴位的基础上发挥中药成分的药灸功效,对患者躯干中颈部至腰部位置起到显著理疗效果,促进患者快速恢复;此外,电气石粉中还含有微量的对人体有益的镁、铝、铁及硼等微量元素,使用该防压疮衬垫时,可以在患者皮肤表面涂抹护肤品,护肤品接触电气石粉后,其中的营养成分的分子结合缩小,使营养可以通过皮肤细胞间的缝隙,甚至能够到达生成皮肤细胞的真皮,实现祛斑、防皱以及恢复皮肤弹性的效果,针对患者被包裹在支具中的皮肤,在使用支具后依然能够保持较好的弹性,避免皮肤被压产生凹坑或者褶皱的情况。
Claims (9)
1.一种侧开式脊柱畸形手术后护理支具,包括借助连接件连接固定的前位支具和后位支具(2),前位支具和后位支具(2)连接后的内腔形成人体躯干颈部到腰部的支撑单元,其特征在于:所述前位支具和后位支具(2)内壁上均固定有防压疮衬垫(3),所述防压疮衬垫(3)外表面为波浪形,所述后位支具(2)在脊柱位置设置有换药口(8),后位支具(2)在换药口(8)处铰接有翻转开闭的药物敷料压紧板(9),药物敷料压紧板(9)尺寸大于换药口(8)尺寸,药物敷料压紧板(9)的翻转侧设置有用于与后位支具(2)连接固定的锁紧机构,所述药物敷料压紧板(9)端面上设置有通风孔(10),其内侧端面借助回弹单元(11)连接有用于固定所敷药物的顶紧板(12)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种侧开式脊柱畸形手术后护理支具,其特征在于:所述的防压疮衬垫(3)的原料组分包括80-100份的环氧树脂、10-15份固化剂、5-10份发泡剂、8-12份表面活性剂、20-25份填料、2-5份触变剂、5-15份纳米钛白粉、15-20份电气石粉、20-25份艾绒、5-10份当归、5-10份红花、5-10份赤芍。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种侧开式脊柱畸形手术后护理支具,其特征在于:所述的发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺,表面活性剂为环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物,填料为无机空心微球,触变剂为膨润土,所述电气石粉颗粒粒径为10-100微米,所述艾绒、当归、红花和赤芍均为粒径100-500微米的粉末颗粒。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种侧开式脊柱畸形手术后护理支具,其特征在于:所述的前位支具包括在颈部和胸部之间铰接连接的上支具(101)和下支具(102),所述连接件包括上支具(101)和后位支具(2)之间的粘扣单元(4)以及下支具(102)与后位支具(2)之间的铰接单元(5)和卡扣单元(6)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种侧开式脊柱畸形手术后护理支具,其特征在于:所述的前位支具在腹部位置设置有腹部开口(7),在颈部位置设置有通风口(13)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种侧开式脊柱畸形手术后护理支具,其特征在于:所述的前位支具和后位支具(2)在胯部位置设置有与人体胯部外轮廓相匹配的隆起结构(14)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种侧开式脊柱畸形手术后护理支具,其特征在于:所述的后位支具(2)两侧内壁沿竖向镶嵌设置有两组方向相对的磁石(15),两组磁石(15)的相对面为相反的磁极。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种侧开式脊柱畸形手术后护理支具,其特征在于:所述的顶紧板(12)原料组份包括100份聚氨酯、3-5份发泡剂、15-20份狗脊以及10-15份紫花地丁。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种侧开式脊柱畸形手术后护理支具,其特征在于:所述的发泡剂为环戊烷或者正戊烷,狗脊和紫花地丁均为粒径100-300微米的粉末颗粒。
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