CN106955117A - Blood vessel imaging system apparatus and method - Google Patents
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- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
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- XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium iodide Chemical compound [I-].[Cs+] XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/50—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications
- A61B6/504—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications for diagnosis of blood vessels, e.g. by angiography
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
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Abstract
The application provides a kind of blood vessel imaging system equipment.The blood vessel imaging system equipment includes：Radiographic source, for including the X-ray of the first power spectrum ray and the second power spectrum ray to subject transmitting；Double eds detectors, it is oppositely arranged with the radiographic source, for detecting the first power spectrum ray through the subject, the first power spectrum ray is responded to produce the first electric signal and generate the first energy spectrum diagram picture according to first electric signal, and the second power spectrum ray through the subject is detected, the second power spectrum ray is responded and produces the second electric signal and the second energy spectrum diagram picture is generated according to second electric signal；And image processing apparatus, generate the blood-vessel image of the subject for handling the first energy spectrum diagram picture and the second energy spectrum diagram picture.The application also provides a kind of blood vessel imaging method.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to medical equipment, and more particularly to a vascular imaging system apparatus and method.
Background
A blood vessel imaging system apparatus (may be referred to as a "blood vessel machine") is a medical imaging apparatus that assists a doctor in performing an examination or an operation, and dynamically displays a tissue image of an examination portion of a subject, particularly an image of a blood vessel, by X-ray. Since the blood vessels are not clearly distinguished from other tissues under X-ray irradiation, it is generally necessary to inject a contrast agent into the blood vessels in order to improve the contrast of the blood vessels displayed in the image. Then, by using a digital subtraction method, an image (referred to as a "moving picture") acquired after the injection of a contrast medium and an image (referred to as a "mask") acquired without the injection of the contrast medium are subtracted from each other, thereby obtaining a subtracted image in which only blood vessels are substantially clearly displayed. The method of digital subtraction presupposes that the positions of the examination parts of the subject in the motion picture and the mask are identical, so that the subtracted image can subtract the same background from the motion picture and the mask, leaving only the contrast agent enhanced blood vessel image. However, in actual examination, the background of the mask and the moving image cannot be completely the same due to the influence of the movement such as breathing, heartbeat, and movement of the subject, and the obtained subtraction image has a large amount of background remaining, which interferes with the display of blood vessels.
Disclosure of Invention
One aspect of the present application provides a vessel imaging system. The vessel imaging system includes: a radiation source for emitting X-rays including first and second spectral rays toward a subject; a dual-spectrum detector disposed opposite the radiation source for detecting a first spectral radiation passing through the subject, generating a first electrical signal in response to the first spectral radiation and generating a first spectral image from the first electrical signal, and detecting a second spectral radiation passing through the subject, generating a second electrical signal in response to the second spectral radiation and generating a second spectral image from the second electrical signal; and an image processing device for processing the first energy spectrum image and the second energy spectrum image to generate a blood vessel image of the subject.
Another aspect of the present application provides a method of vessel imaging. The blood vessel imaging method comprises the following steps: emitting X-rays including first and second spectral rays to a subject; detecting a first spectral ray passing through the subject, producing a first electrical signal in response to the first spectral ray and generating a first spectral image from the first electrical signal; and detecting a second spectral ray passing through the subject, producing a second electrical signal in response to the second spectral ray and generating a second spectral image from the second electrical signal; and processing the first energy spectrum image and the second energy spectrum image to generate a blood vessel image of the subject.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a vessel imaging system of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the vessel imaging system of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a dual spectral detector of the present vascular imaging system;
fig. 4 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method for imaging a blood vessel according to the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like in the description and in the claims of this application do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed as preceding "comprising" or "includes" covers the element or item listed as following "comprising" or "includes" and its equivalents, and does not exclude other elements or items. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a vessel imaging system apparatus 10. The vessel imaging system apparatus 10 may be used to obtain enhanced images of vessels, such as those of a heart or other part of a subject, to reconstruct three-dimensional images of vessels, and/or to perform lower extremity arterial tracking contrast. The vessel imaging system apparatus 10 in fig. 1 comprises an image acquisition device 12, an image processing device 14 and an image display device 16.
Image acquisition device 12 includes a radiation source 120 and a dual-spectrum detector 122. The radiation source 120 and the dual-spectrum detector 122 are disposed opposite to each other at two ends of a mechanical arm 124. The radiation source 120 and the dual-spectrum detector 122 are positioned on opposite sides of the subject 100 on the couch 18 by a robotic arm 124. In the illustrated embodiment, the robotic arm 124 is a C-arm. In other embodiments, the robotic arm 124 may be a G-arm. The robotic arm 124 is rotatably mounted on the stationary gantry 126 and is slidable relative to the stationary gantry 126 along the trajectory of the robotic arm 124 so that the position and angle of the radiation source 120 and dual-spectrum detector 122 relative to the subject 100 can be adjusted according to the application.
The image processing device 14 may include a processor and a memory. The memory may be used to store readable instructions for image processing, etc., and the processor may be used to read the readable instructions stored by the memory to perform image processing, etc. The memory can be used for storing data such as parameters and images, and the processor can also read the data stored in the memory for processing. Image display device 16 includes one or more displays operable to display images and/or parameters, etc.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a vascular imaging system device 10. The vascular imaging system apparatus 10 includes a radiation source 120, a dual-spectrum detector 122, and an image processing device 14. The radiation source 120 is used to emit X-rays including first and second spectral rays toward the subject 100. A dual-spectrum detector 122, disposed opposite the radiation source 120, for detecting a first spectral radiation passing through the subject 100, generating a first electrical signal in response to the first spectral radiation and generating a first spectral image from the first electrical signal, and detecting a second spectral radiation passing through the subject 100, generating a second electrical signal in response to the second spectral radiation and generating a second spectral image from the second electrical signal. The image processing device 14 is used to process the first spectral image and the second spectral image to generate a blood vessel image of the subject 100. This will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
The radiation source 120 may be driven by a radiation source driver 20 to emit X-rays, and the radiation source driver 20 may be controlled by the controller 22 to drive the radiation source 120 to emit X-rays of a desired energy spectrum. Typically, the first spectral radiation is a low-energy spectral radiation, e.g. an X-ray having an X-ray photon energy in the range of 60keV to 80keV, and the second spectral radiation is a high-energy spectral radiation, e.g. an X-ray having an X-ray photon energy in the range of 110keV to 150 keV. The low-energy spectrum radiation and the high-energy spectrum radiation may be selected according to the body thickness and the portion of the subject 100.
The X-ray radiation attenuates the subject 100 injected with a contrast agent, which may be an iodine preparation, in the blood vessel. The contrast agent in the blood vessel and other tissues of the subject 100 attenuate the low-energy spectrum radiation differently, and attenuate the high-energy spectrum radiation differently. A suitable contrast agent may be injected into the subject 100 by the contrast agent injector 21. Typically, the contrast injector 21 injects a controlled fluid containing contrast agent intravenously into the bloodstream of the subject 100. In one embodiment, the contrast injector 21 may be controlled by the controller 22 to inject contrast.
The dual-spectrum detector 122 detects X-rays that have passed through the subject 100, i.e., detects X-rays that carry information of the subject 100. The dual spectrum detector 122 absorbs a portion of the X-ray photons and generates visible light, and converts the visible light into an electrical signal and converts the electrical signal into a digital signal, i.e., a spectral image. The dual-spectrum detector 122 may detect the first and second spectral rays in one exposure, generate first and second electrical signals, and generate first and second spectral images.
The first and second spectral images generated by the dual spectral detector 122 are provided to the image processing device 14, and the image processing device 14 is configured to process the first and second spectral images to generate a blood vessel image of the subject 100. "image" herein broadly refers to both a visual image and data representing a visual image. In one embodiment, the image processing device 14 may generate an enhanced image of a blood vessel, for example, of a beating heart, of a breathing moving lung, or of a stationary part. In the blood vessel enhanced image, only the image of the blood vessel injected with the contrast agent is clearly displayed, and the image of other tissues (or referred to as "background image") is completely or substantially eliminated. In another embodiment, the image processing device 14 obtains a sequence of enhanced images of the blood vessel, and then performs a reconstruction or stitching process to obtain a three-dimensional image of the blood vessel, or a follow-up angiogram of the lower extremity artery. In one exposure, the first energy spectrum ray and the second energy spectrum ray are both detected by the dual-energy-spectrum detector 122, the first electric signal and the second electric signal are both generated, the first electric signal and the second electric signal reflect information of the object 100 under irradiation of different energy spectrum rays at the same time, and the first energy spectrum image and the second energy spectrum image display the object 100 at the same time, so that motion artifacts in the image can be eliminated, the exposure dose is reduced, and the image acquisition time is saved.
In one embodiment, the image processing device 14 obtains the logarithm of the first spectral image and the logarithm of the second spectral image, and subtracts the logarithm of the first spectral image and the logarithm of the second spectral image by weighting to obtain the enhanced image of the blood vessel.
For example, since the contrast agent is an iodine preparation and the inside of the subject 100 is composed of blood vessels and other tissues, the inside of the subject 100 may be considered to be composed of two substances, i.e., iodine and other tissues. The first energy spectrum is a low energy spectrum and the second energy spectrum is a high energy spectrum. High energy spectrum image IH(i.e., the second spectral image) can be expressed by expression (1):
wherein,represents the density of high-energy spectrum rays incident on the subject 100;indicating bloodThe attenuation coefficient of iodine in the tube to high-energy spectrum rays;the attenuation coefficient of other tissues to high-energy spectrum rays can be measured through experiments; t isDRepresents the thickness of the blood vessel; t isRIndicating the thickness of other tissues.
Low energy spectrum image IL(i.e., the first spectral image) can be expressed as expression (2):
wherein,represents the density of low-energy spectrum rays incident to the subject 100;representing the attenuation coefficient of iodine in the blood vessel to low-energy spectrum rays;the attenuation coefficient of other tissues to low-energy spectrum rays can be measured through experiments.
For high-energy spectral image IHThe logarithm can be obtained to obtain the expression (3):
and for low energy spectral image ILThe logarithm can be obtained to obtain expression (4):
high-energy spectrum image IHLogarithm ofLow energy spectrum image ILThe log-weighted subtraction of (A) can yield an enhanced image I of the vesselD(i.e., an image containing only iodine species), expressed by expression (5):
in this embodiment, the first energy spectrum image and the second energy spectrum image are generated in one exposure, and after the logarithmic weighting subtraction of the two images, the background image can be eliminated, so as to avoid the generation of motion artifacts caused by the motion such as the heartbeat, respiratory motion or movement of the subject, and the exposure dose is low and the image acquisition time is short.
In another embodiment, a lookup table is established regarding pixel values of the first spectral image, pixel values of the second spectral image, and thicknesses of phantom pairs; looking up the thickness of the phantom pair in a lookup table according to the obtained pixel values of the first energy spectrum image and the second energy spectrum image of the subject 100; an enhanced image of the vessel is determined from the thickness of the phantom pair. A series of lookup tables can be established under different exposure conditions, and when imaging is carried out under different exposure conditions, the corresponding lookup tables are searched to obtain the thickness of the phantom pair corresponding to the pixel value of the first energy spectrum image and the pixel value of the second energy spectrum image under the exposure condition.
Specifically, a plurality of phantom pairs of different known thicknesses are used as the different plurality of subjects. The pair of mold bodies may comprise two materials, for example aluminium and plexiglass. The blood vessel imaging system 10 performs exposure imaging on each phantom pair, records a pixel value of the first energy spectrum image and a pixel value of the second energy spectrum image of each phantom pair, and generates a lookup table. The known entries of the lookup table are pixel values of the first spectral image and pixel values of the second spectral image, and the looked-up entries are thicknesses of the phantom pair, which include a thickness of a first material (e.g., aluminum) of the phantom pair and a thickness of a second material (e.g., plexiglass) of the phantom pair. By changing the exposure conditions, for example, the voltage kV of the radiation source 120, the copper filtering, etc., each phantom pair is exposed and imaged, and a lookup table of the thicknesses of the phantom pairs corresponding to the pixel values of the first spectral image and the second spectral image may be generated under each exposure condition. A series of look-up tables are thus obtained for the pixel values of the first spectral image, the pixel values of the second spectral image and the thickness of the phantom pair. The look-up table may be generated at system calibration to avoid differences between different systems. The look-up table may be generated at system calibration to avoid differences between different systems. In another embodiment, in order to quickly generate the lookup table, two calibration phantom bodies may be designed, a first phantom body is made of a first material, a second phantom body is made of a second material, the first phantom body and the second phantom body are respectively designed into a step shape, each step has different thicknesses, so that the two phantom bodies are stacked together to realize a plurality of different thickness combinations, a pair of phantom bodies with different thicknesses is obtained, and the lookup table with different thicknesses corresponding to the pixel values of the first energy spectrum image, the pixel values of the second energy spectrum image and the corresponding pixel values of the first energy spectrum image can be generated by one exposure. In other embodiments, the mold body pairs may be configured in other ways to have different thicknesses, and a lookup table comprising a plurality of different thicknesses may be obtained from a single exposure.
When the blood vessel imaging system apparatus 10 performs exposure imaging on the subject 100, the lookup table corresponding to the exposure condition of the blood vessel imaging system apparatus 10 at this time is found. In the lookup table, the thickness of the corresponding phantom pair is looked up from the pixel values of the first spectral image and the pixel values of the second spectral image of the subject 100 obtained at this time. If there is no value in the lookup table that matches the pixel values of the first spectral image and the second spectral image, interpolation may be performed using the plurality of closest values to obtain the thickness of the corresponding phantom pair. Performing the above operation of looking up the table or performing interpolation calculation on each pixel in the first energy spectrum image and the second energy spectrum image to obtain the thickness of the phantom pair corresponding to each pixel, i.e. obtaining a graph I reflecting the thickness of the first material (e.g. aluminum) of the phantom pair1And a map I reflecting the thickness of the second material (e.g. plexiglass) of the pair of motifs2. FIG. I1And I2Number of thickness can be embodiedValues, distributions, and variations. The enhanced image I of the blood vessel can be calculated according to expression (6)D：
ID＝sinθ·I1-cosθ·I2(6)
Where θ is a constant determined by the nature of the contrast agent (e.g., iodine) and can be measured experimentally.
In other embodiments, the first energy spectrum image and the second energy spectrum image may be processed by other image processing methods to obtain an enhanced image of the blood vessel, or the first energy spectrum image, the second energy spectrum image and/or the enhanced image of the blood vessel may be processed by other image processing methods to obtain a clearer enhanced image of the blood vessel.
In one embodiment, the image processing device 14 further performs a correction process on the first spectral image and the second spectral image from the dual-spectral detector 122, for example, eliminating a bad line, a bad dot, and the like, to obtain a corrected first spectral image and a corrected second spectral image, and performs a log-weighted subtraction process on the corrected first spectral image and the corrected second spectral image to generate an enhanced image of the blood vessel. Alternatively, the act of performing a correction process on the first and second spectral images may be performed by a processing module (not shown) within the dual spectral detector 122.
The image generated by the image processing device 14 may be provided to the image display device 16 for display. The controller 22 may also control the radiation source driver 20, the image processing device 14, and the image display device 16. The radiation source driver 20, the contrast agent injector 21, the controller 22, the image processing device 14, and the image display device 16 of the vessel imaging system apparatus 10 may include hardware and/or software.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. For example, the source driver 20 may be integrated with the source 120; the controller 22 and the image processing device 14 may both be physically located within the computer; image display device 16 and image processing device 14 may be located in the same location as image capture device 12, or in different locations, may be directly connected, or may both be connected to the same network or bus. The vessel imaging system apparatus 10 may also comprise other elements not shown, such as input devices, memory, etc. Some or all of the components can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of the application. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the dual spectrum detector 122. The dual spectrum detector 122 includes a first layer detector 123 and a second layer detector 124 arranged in a stack. The first layer detector 123 is used for detecting the first energy spectrum ray and generating a first electric signal, and the second layer detector 124 is used for detecting the second energy spectrum ray and generating a second electric signal. The X-rays passing through the subject 100 reach the first layer detector 123, a part of the X-rays is absorbed by the first layer detector 123 and generates a first electrical signal, the remaining X-rays pass through the first layer detector 123 to the second layer detector 124, and at least a part of the X-rays reaching the second layer detector 124 are absorbed by it and generates a second electrical signal.
The first layer detector 123 includes a fluorescent layer 1232 and a photoelectric conversion layer 1233, and the second layer detector 124 includes a fluorescent layer 1242 and a photoelectric conversion layer 1243. The fluorescent layers 1232 and 1242 are provided on the photoelectric conversion layers 1233 and 1243. The fluorescent layers 1232 and 1242 are used to absorb at least a portion of the X-rays and generate visible light, and the photoelectric conversion layers 1233 and 1243 are used to convert the visible light generated by the fluorescent layers 1232 and 1242 into electrical signals. In this embodiment, the fluorescent layer 1232, 1242 includes at least one of cesium iodide (CsI), cesium iodide doped thallium (CsI: TI), and gadolinium oxysulfide (GdO 2S). In other embodiments, the material of the phosphor layers 1232, 1242 may be selected according to the energy spectrum of the X-rays desired to be absorbed. The thickness of the fluorescent layers 1232, 1242 may be set according to the energy spectrum of the desired absorbed X-rays, so that the fluorescent layers 1232, 1242 are capable of absorbing X-rays of the desired energy spectrum. The thickness of the phosphor layer 1232 of the first layer of detectors 123 may be different from or the same as the thickness of the phosphor layer 1242 of the second layer of detectors 124. The thickness of the phosphor layer 1232 of the first layer of detectors 123 is set to be thin to absorb a portion of the X-rays and to ensure that a portion of the X-rays pass through the phosphor layer 1232 to the second layer of detectors 124. For example, in the embodiment, the thickness of the fluorescent layer 1232 of the first-layer detector 123 is 100-300 um, and the thickness of the fluorescent layer 1242 of the second-layer detector 142 is 400-600 um, but not limited thereto.
The photoelectric conversion layers 1233, 1243 may include a Thin Film Transistor (TFT) array or a Photodiode (photo diode) array. The fluorescent layer 1232 of the first layer detector 123 absorbs photons of the first energy spectrum ray among the X-rays and generates visible light, and the photoelectric conversion layer 1233 converts the visible light into a first electrical signal. The fluorescent layer 1242 of the second layer detector 124 absorbs photons of the second energy spectrum ray of the X-rays and generates visible light, and the photoelectric conversion layer 1243 converts the visible light into a second electrical signal.
In one embodiment, the second layer detector 124 further includes a filter (referred to as a "second layer filter") 1241 for filtering at least a portion of the X-rays that do not need to be detected to allow the second spectral rays to pass through. A second layer of filter 1241 is placed over the phosphor layer 1242 of the second layer detector 124. The second filter 1241 filters at least some of the X-rays passing through the first detector 123 that do not need to be absorbed by the phosphor layer 1242 of the second detector 124, and allows the X-rays that need to be absorbed by the phosphor layer 1242 of the second detector 124 to pass through. In the present embodiment, the second layer of filter is used to filter out the low-energy spectrum rays from the X-rays passing through the first layer of detector 123, and the high-energy spectrum rays are retained. Therefore, the fluorescent layer 1242 of the second layer detector 124 can better absorb the X-rays to be detected, and reduce the interference of other X-rays.
In the illustrated embodiment, the first layer detector 123 also includes a filter (referred to as a "first layer filter") 1231 that is configured to filter out at least some of the X-rays that need not be detected to allow the first and second spectral rays to pass through. A first layer of filters 1231 is placed over the phosphor layer 1232 of the first layer of detectors 123.
The filters 1231, 1241 may comprise at least one of copper, aluminum, molybdenum, rhodium, or alloys thereof, and may also comprise other materials, and the materials of the filters 1231, 1241 may be set according to the energy spectrum of the X-rays desired to pass through. In addition, the thickness of the filters 1231, 1241 may be set according to the energy spectrum of the X-rays desired to pass through. For example, in the present embodiment, the filter 1231 of the first layer detector 123 may be made of aluminum and may have a thickness of 0.1mm, and the filter 1241 of the second layer detector 124 may be made of copper and may have a thickness of 0.9mm, but is not limited thereto.
The dual spectrum detector 122 further includes an a-D conversion circuit 125 for converting the electrical signals generated by the photoelectric conversion layers 1233, 1243 into digital signals, i.e., energy spectrum images. In some embodiments, the dual spectrum detector 122 may further include a processing module (not shown) for performing a correction or the like on the energy spectrum image, and providing the processed energy spectrum image to the image processing device 14.
The dual spectrum detector 122 may be a dual spectrum flat panel detector. The first layer detector 123 and the second layer detector 124 are flat plate-shaped. The photoelectric conversion layers 1233 and 1243 may be formed in a flat plate shape, and the photoelectric conversion tube array is disposed on the flat plate.
Figure 4 is a flow chart illustrating one embodiment of a method 40 of imaging a blood vessel. The vessel imaging method 40 comprises steps 401-404. Wherein,
in step 401, X-rays including first and second spectral rays are emitted to a subject.
The first spectral radiation may be a low-energy spectral radiation and the second spectral radiation may be a high-energy spectral radiation. The first spectral ray and the second spectral ray are emitted simultaneously.
In step 402, a first spectral ray passing through the subject is detected, a first electrical signal is generated in response to the first spectral ray, and a first spectral image is generated based on the first electrical signal.
X-rays are attenuated through a subject in which a contrast medium is injected in a blood vessel, and the X-rays passing through the subject carry information of the subject. A first spectral ray that absorbs an X-ray that has passed through the subject generates a first electrical signal, and the remaining part of the X-ray. A first spectral ray of the X-rays passing through the subject is absorbed, a photon of the first spectral ray is converted into visible light, the visible light is converted into a first electrical signal, and the first electrical signal is converted into a first spectral image. The X-rays remaining after the first spectral rays are absorbed include second spectral rays.
In step 403, a second spectral ray passing through the subject is detected, a second electrical signal is generated in response to the second spectral ray, and a second spectral image is generated based on the second electrical signal.
A second spectral ray that absorbs the remaining X-rays produces a second electrical signal. Similar to the first spectral radiation, photons of the second spectral radiation are converted into visible light, the visible light is converted into a second electrical signal, and the second electrical signal is converted into a second spectral image. Thus capturing information of a particular energy spectrum.
In step 404, the first spectral image and the second spectral image are processed to generate a blood vessel image of the subject.
In one embodiment, a logarithm of the first spectral image and a logarithm of the second spectral image may be obtained, and the logarithm of the first spectral image and the logarithm of the second spectral image are weighted and subtracted to obtain an enhanced image of the blood vessel. In another embodiment, a lookup table is established regarding pixel values of the first spectral image, pixel values of the second spectral image, and thicknesses of phantom pairs; searching the thickness of the motif pair in a lookup table according to the obtained pixel value of the first energy spectrum image and the obtained pixel value of the second energy spectrum image of the detected body; an enhanced image of the vessel is determined from the thickness of the phantom pair. A series of lookup tables can be established under different exposure conditions, and when imaging is carried out under different exposure conditions, the corresponding lookup tables are searched to obtain the thickness of the phantom pair corresponding to the pixel value of the first energy spectrum image and the pixel value of the second energy spectrum image under the exposure condition. In other embodiments, the image may be processed by other image processing methods.
In one embodiment, the vessel imaging method 40 further comprises: prior to the step 403 of detecting second spectral rays that have passed through the subject, at least some of the X-rays that do not need to be detected are filtered out to allow the second spectral rays to pass through. In another embodiment, the vessel imaging method 40 further comprises: prior to the step 402 of detecting first spectral rays that have passed through the subject, at least some of the X-rays that do not need to be detected are filtered out to allow the first spectral rays and the second spectral rays to pass through. And prior to the step 403 of detecting second spectral rays that have passed through the subject, at least some of the X-rays that do not need to be detected are filtered out to allow the second spectral rays to pass through. Therefore, the X-ray is cut before being absorbed, so that the absorbed X-ray is more accurate, and the interference of the X-ray which does not need to be detected is reduced.
The actions of the vessel imaging method 40 are illustrated in the form of modules, and the sequencing of the modules and the division of the actions within the modules shown in the figures are not limited to the illustrated embodiments. For example, the modules may be performed in a different order; actions in one module may be combined with actions in another module or split into multiple modules. In some embodiments, other steps may be included before, during, or after the steps of the vessel imaging method 40 in the figures.
For the method embodiments, since they substantially correspond to the apparatus embodiments, reference may be made to the apparatus embodiments for relevant portions of the description. The above-described methods may be implemented by the apparatus described herein, as well as by other apparatus. Embodiments of the method and of the apparatus are complementary to each other.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A vessel imaging system apparatus characterized by: it includes:
a radiation source for emitting X-rays including first and second spectral rays toward a subject;
a dual-spectrum detector disposed opposite the radiation source for detecting a first spectral radiation passing through the subject, generating a first electrical signal in response to the first spectral radiation and generating a first spectral image from the first electrical signal, and detecting a second spectral radiation passing through the subject, generating a second electrical signal in response to the second spectral radiation and generating a second spectral image from the second electrical signal; and
and the image processing device is used for processing the first energy spectrum image and the second energy spectrum image to generate a blood vessel image of the object.
2. The vessel imaging system device of claim 1, wherein: the dual-spectrum detector comprises a first layer detector and a second layer detector which are arranged in a stacked mode, the first layer detector is used for detecting the first spectrum ray and generating the first electric signal, and the second layer detector is used for detecting the second spectrum ray and generating the second electric signal.
3. The vessel imaging system device of claim 2, wherein: the first-layer detector and the second-layer detector respectively comprise a fluorescent layer and a photoelectric conversion layer, the fluorescent layer is used for absorbing at least part of X-rays and generating visible light, and the photoelectric conversion layer is used for converting the visible light generated by the fluorescent layer into electric signals.
4. The vessel imaging system device of claim 2, wherein: the second layer detector comprises a second layer filter for filtering out at least part of the X-rays which do not need to be detected so as to allow the second energy spectrum rays to pass through.
5. The vessel imaging system device of claim 4, wherein: the first layer detector comprises a first layer filter used for filtering at least part of the X-rays which do not need to be detected so as to allow the first energy spectrum rays and the second energy spectrum rays to pass through.
6. The vessel imaging system device of claim 2, wherein: the first layer detector and the second layer detector are flat.
7. A method of imaging a blood vessel, characterized by: it includes:
emitting X-rays including first and second spectral rays to a subject;
detecting a first spectral ray passing through the subject, producing a first electrical signal in response to the first spectral ray and generating a first spectral image from the first electrical signal;
detecting a second spectral ray passing through the subject, producing a second electrical signal in response to the second spectral ray and generating a second spectral image from the second electrical signal; and
processing the first and second spectral images to generate a vessel image of the subject.
8. The vessel imaging method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the detecting a first spectral ray passing through the subject, producing a first electrical signal in response to the first spectral ray and generating a first spectral image from the first electrical signal, comprising:
absorbing the first energy spectrum ray in the X-ray, generating the first electric signal, and remaining part of the X-ray;
the detecting a second spectral ray passing through the subject, producing a second electrical signal in response to the second spectral ray and generating a second spectral image from the second electrical signal, comprising:
absorbing the second energy spectrum rays in the remaining portion of X-rays produces the second electrical signal.
9. The vessel imaging method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the vessel imaging method further comprises: before detecting second spectral rays passing through the object, at least part of the X-rays which do not need to be detected are filtered out to allow the second spectral rays to pass through.
10. The vessel imaging method according to claim 9, characterized in that: the vessel imaging method further comprises: before detecting the first energy spectrum ray passing through the object, at least part of the X-ray which does not need to be detected is filtered out to allow the first energy spectrum ray and the second energy spectrum ray to pass through.
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