CN106953716A - The double sequence spherical decoding method of generalized space modulation - Google Patents

The double sequence spherical decoding method of generalized space modulation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106953716A
CN106953716A CN201710267099.5A CN201710267099A CN106953716A CN 106953716 A CN106953716 A CN 106953716A CN 201710267099 A CN201710267099 A CN 201710267099A CN 106953716 A CN106953716 A CN 106953716A
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antenna
sequence
decoding method
activation
reception antenna
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张德民
王与凡
陈发堂
王丹
王华华
刘宇
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Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03178—Arrangements involving sequence estimation techniques
    • H04L25/03203—Trellis search techniques
    • H04L25/03242—Methods involving sphere decoding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
    • H04L1/0091—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location arrangements specific to receivers, e.g. format detection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H04L1/0612—Space-time modulation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of double sequence spherical decoding method of generalized space modulation is claimed in the present invention.This method is added on the basis of traditional globular decoding based on reception antenna will activate the processing procedure that antenna combination and reception antenna reorder respectively.To activate antenna combination ordering process, can make method earlier detect most possible activation antenna combination；To the ordering process of reception antenna, the branch where can making the node selected at first in detection method more likely includes optimal path, earlier by not to node exclude；Double sequence can largely reduce the detection complexity based on reception antenna spherical decoding method.

Description

The double sequence spherical decoding method of generalized space modulation
Technical field
Field is modulated the present invention relates to wireless communication technology field generalized space, and in particular to a kind of generalized space modulation Double sequence spherical decoding method.
Background technology
Spatial modulation (spatial modulation, SM) is used as a kind of new multiple-input and multiple-output (multiple- Input multiple-output, MIMO) antenna technology, it effectively prevent the interchannel interference of MIMO technology presence, between antenna Synchronous the shortcomings of, obtain extensive concern in the field of wireless communication.In SM, only one transmitting day in any transmission cycle Line is activated for transmitting data, and remaining antenna does not transmit information, and which specific root antenna is activated by input information ratio Spy determines, that is, activates antenna and carry transmission information in itself.But this feature of SM technologies greatly limit the transmission of system Speed.Further to improve spectrum efficiency, generalized space modulation (generalized spatial modulation, GSM) quilt Propose.In gsm system, many antenna transmission information of activation, make full use of the group of different transmitting antennas in each transmission cycle Close number and carry out coded information bits, reduce the requirement to transmitting antenna number while greatly promoting spectrum efficiency again.Broad sense is empty Between modulation technique be divided into two kinds, one kind be in same symbol cycle, different antennae transmission identical information bit, it is another be Same symbol cycle, different antennae transmit different information bits.Improved method will be proposed based on second of situation herein.
Considering one has Nt roots transmission antenna, the gsm system of Nr root reception antennas.Each the activation antenna number of time slot is Na, there is Np kind combinations, and Np meets formula (1)；Activation antenna index is L=(l1,l2,...,lNa),li∈{1,2, ...Nt}；Send symbolic vector formula (2), (3) and represent that Ω is all assemble of symbol of M rank QAM modulations.Gsm system is most Maximum-likelihood detection method can be write as formula (4), the form of (5), and wherein H is channel matrix, hliIt is the l of channel matrix Hi Row, x is the symbol combination that transmitting terminal is sent.In the method, all possible point is searched for thoroughly, finds out optimal solution, its Complexity is maximum in all methods.
X=[..., 0, s1,0,...,0,s2,0,...0,sNa,0...]T (2)
si∈Ω (3)
X=[s1,s2,...,sNa]T (6)
Globular decoding detection method based on reception antenna can be represented with formula (7)：
Here,
The initial value that R is R in the radius of a ball, this method is set to infinity.When finding in ball at one, just by radius R is updated to this point to the Euclidean distance of root node.
As can be seen from the above analysis, although the spherical decoding method based on reception antenna is reduced to a certain extent The nodes (the number of visited nodes, NVN) accessed are needed during tree search；But when activation antenna comes Branch below, and the node degree value very little of a certain branch's first layer and last several layers of node degree value is very big, conversely, The peer metric of other branch's first layers very last greatly several layers of node degree value very hour, NVN decrement will be non- Often low, complexity also can be higher.
According to foregoing description, in the spherical decoding method based on reception antenna, (Np is sharp to search width according to 1 to Np The total number of antenna combination living) order, number of plies r is according to the suitable of reception antenna sequence number 1 to Nr (Nr is reception antenna number) for search Sequence is traveled through, so as to cause above mentioned problem.
The content of the invention
Deficiency of the invention in order to solve above technology, it is proposed that one kind can greatly reduce NVN, makes to be based on reception antenna The double sequence spherical decoding method for the generalized space modulation that the detection complexity of spherical decoding method is substantially reduced.The skill of the present invention Art scheme is as follows：
A kind of double sequence spherical decoding method of generalized space modulation, it comprises the following steps：
Activation antenna combination is arranged according to reliability descending, comes the branch for being most likely to be activation antenna former Row；Then, reception antenna sequence is subjected to descending according to the average metric (i.e. the expectation of part Euclidean distance) of every antenna Arrangement, the larger point of each branch's interior joint metric is discharged to preceding several layers of；Each branch is finally traveled through, makes the minimum Europe obtained at first Branch of the formula apart from place be more likely to be looked for transmission vector, by not to node exclude.
It is described to arrange activation antenna combination according to reliability descending, make to be most likely to be activation antenna branch come before Several row, are specifically included：
By transmitting terminal activation antenna combination L rearrangements, the puppet of each row of channel matrix is calculated according to formula (9) It is inverse, while receiving vector y according to formula (10) pretreatment, obtain z=[z1,z2,...,zNt]]T；Use wiRepresent that each is activated The reliability of antenna combination, wiObtained by formula (11), antenna combination L is according to w for activationiDescending arranged,
zk=(hk)+y (10)
hkRepresent the kth row of channel matrix H, (hk)+Represent hkPseudoinverse,Represent hkConjugate transposition, zkRepresent to receive The pretreated values of vector y.
It is described that reception antenna sequence is subjected to descending arrangement, each branch's interior joint according to the average metric of every antenna The larger point of metric is discharged to preceding several layers of specifically include：
Reception antenna indexes the expectation E according to its Euclidean distancerCarry out descending arrangement, r=1,2 ..., Nr, expect ErWith Following equation is represented：
yrReceive vector y the 2nd row, HL,rHL r rows are represented, K is represented using constellation point during QAM and PSK modulation Sum, NPRepresent the total number of activation antenna combination.
When using QAM or PSK modulation, above formula can become
Here,It is average symbol power, by each ErThe arrangement of value descending obtains the index sequence after an arrangement Row
Activation antenna combination after the sequence is according to reception antenna index sequenceTree is drawn as the number of plies order of search Shape search graph, the sequence of the number of plies is arranged according to the expectation descending of reception antenna Euclidean distance.
Activation antenna combination and reception antenna after sequence is utilized based on the search of reception antenna spherical decoding method tree, looked for To optimal path point, demapping, detection terminates.
It is described to be searched for based on reception antenna spherical decoding method tree, optimal path point is found, is comprised the following steps that：
1) initialization d (L, x)=0；
2) is askedThe part of Euclidean distance of each test point in layer, that is, perform formula (14)；
3) d (L, S) and R size are compared, while judging whether current layer is whether last layer i.e. r is equal to Nr；If d (L, S)=R and r=Nr, then radius R is updated, that is, performs formula (15)；
R=d (L, x) (15)
4) repeat step 2) and step 3), until traversing a kind of last situation, now L=LNp, S is all possible hair Send last one kind in symbol combination；
5) (L x), seeks to the optimal solution looked for the minimum d of valueDemapping, detection terminates.
Advantages of the present invention and have the beneficial effect that：
The present invention proposes to arrange activation antenna combination according to reliability descending, makes the branch for being most likely to be activation antenna Come former row；Then, reception antenna sequence is carried out in descending arrangement, each branch according to the average metric of every antenna The larger point of node degree value is discharged to preceding several layers of；Finally travel through each branch.The minimum euclidean distance institute obtained at first can so be made Branch be more likely to be looked for transmission vector, earlier by not to node exclude, NVN can be greatly reduced, make base Substantially reduced in the detection complexity of reception antenna spherical decoding method.The double sequence detection based on reception antenna globular decoding Method can reduce the complexity of signal detection on the basis of near-optimization performance is ensured.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be the present invention provide preferred embodiment the present invention realize flow chart；
Fig. 2 be natural ordering activation antenna indices combinations table (left side) and sequence after activation antenna indices combinations table (right side) Contrast (transmission antenna number is that 8, activation antenna number is 2).
Fig. 3 is that (transmission antenna number is that 4, activation antenna number is 2, reception based on Rx-GSM detection method tree search procedures figure Antenna number is 3, modulated using BPSK)；
Fig. 4 is the increase in the Rx-GSM detection method tree search procedures figure (hair of activation antenna combination and reception antenna sequence Antennas number is that 4, activation antenna number is that 2, reception antenna number is 3, modulated using BPSK, is activated in this example after antenna combination sequence Order does not become).
Fig. 5 be the method for ML methods, Rx-GSM methods and proposition complexity compare (transmission antenna number be 8, activation antenna Number is that 2, reception antenna number is the 8, gsm system modulated using 16QAM, and method complexity is defined as execution method needs here The number of times of real multiplications).
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, detailed Carefully describe.Described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention.
The present invention solve above-mentioned technical problem technical scheme be：
This patent proposes to arrange activation antenna combination according to reliability descending, makes the branch for being most likely to be activation antenna Come former row；Then, reception antenna sequence is carried out in descending arrangement, each branch according to the average metric of every antenna The larger point of node degree value is discharged to preceding several layers of；Finally travel through each branch.The minimum euclidean distance institute obtained at first can so be made Branch be more likely to be looked for transmission vector, earlier by not to node exclude, NVN can be greatly reduced, make base Substantially reduced in the detection complexity of reception antenna spherical decoding method.The double sequence detection based on reception antenna globular decoding Method can reduce the complexity of signal detection on the basis of near-optimization performance is ensured.
Now using a transmission antenna number as Nt, reception antenna number is NrSystem exemplified by, implement step as follows：
Step one：By transmitting terminal activation antenna combination L rearrangements.The each of channel matrix is calculated according to formula (9) The pseudoinverse of row, while receiving vector y according to formula (10) pretreatment, obtains z=[z1,z2,...,zNt]]T；Use wiRepresent each Plant the reliability of activation antenna combination, wiObtained by formula (11).Antenna combination L is activated according to wiDescending arranged.
zk=(hk)+y (10)
Step 2：Reception antenna indexes the expectation E according to its Euclidean distancer(r=1,2 ..., Nr) descending arrangement is carried out, Expect ErRepresented with following equation：
When using QAM or PSK modulation, above formula can become
Here,It is average symbol power.
By each ErThe arrangement of value descending obtains the index sequence after an arrangement
Step 3：To the activation antenna combination after sequence according to reception antenna index sequenceAs search the number of plies sequentially Tree search figure is drawn, as shown in figure 3, the sequence of the number of plies is arranged according to the expectation descending of reception antenna Euclidean distance.
Step 4：Activation antenna combination and reception antenna after sequence is utilized and is based on reception antenna spherical decoding method tree Search, finds optimal path point.
Step 5：Demapping, detection terminates.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are greatly reduce detection of complex on the basis of original Rx-GSM detection methods Degree, at the same still can with reservation method close to maximum likelihood optimum detection methodology performance.
The double sequence Rx-GSM specific implementation steps of table 1
Illustrate embodiment with reference to table 1, Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, embodiments of the present invention step is as follows：
Step one：The pseudoinverse of each row of channel matrix is calculated according to formula (9), while being pre-processed according to formula (10) Vector y is received, z=[z are obtained1,z2,...,zNt]]T；W is tried to achieve by formula (11)i。
Step 2：Antenna combination will be activated according to wiValue carry out descending arrangement.Using transmission antenna number as 8, activation antenna Exemplified by number is 2 gsm system, one has 16 kinds of possible antenna combinations；As shown in Fig. 2 activation day of the left side for natural ordering Clue draws combination, and the right is the activation antenna indices combinations after sequence.For example, before sequence, first detection activation antenna number is 1 and 2 Situation, after sequence then first detection activation antenna number be 3 and 4 situation.
Step 3：The Euclidean distance average value E of every reception antenna is obtained according to formula (12) (13)r(r=1,2,3).
Step 4：By ErDescending is arranged, the reception antenna index sequence after being sortedAccording to ErDescending order, will connect Collection of letters y and channel impulse response H each row is rearranged, and the y and H of row arrangement are represented with y_0 and H_0 respectively again.
Step 5：According to the reception antenna index sequence after sequenceTree search figure is drawn as the number of plies order of search. By transmission antenna number be 4, activation antenna number be that 2, reception antenna number is 3, exemplified by the gsm system modulated using BPSK.Such as Fig. 3 institutes Show, the sequence of the number of plies is arranged according to the expectation descending of reception antenna Euclidean distance, and the numerical value in circle is before present node is arrived The cumulative metric value of one node, black color dots and Grey Point are points to be accessed, and white point is the point abandoned, in addition, Grey Point For optimal path point.Because the average metric of the second layer is more than first layer, therefore, the second layer is adjusted to first layer, preferentially Search, now reception antenna order is (2,1,3).
Step 6：Reception antenna and transmission antenna after sequence is searched for using Rx-GSM detection methods tree, found optimal Path point.With reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, comprise the following steps that：
1) initialization d (L, x)=0, according to formula (3)；
2) is askedThe part of Euclidean distance of each test point in layer, that is, perform formula (14)；
6) d (L, S) and R size are compared, while judging whether current layer is last layer (i.e. whether r is equal to Nr)；If d (L, S)=R and r=Nr, then radius R is updated, that is, performs formula (15)；
R=d (L, x) (15)
7) repeat step 2) and step 3), until traversing a kind of last situation, now L=LNp, S is all possible hair Send last one kind in symbol combination；
8) (L x), seeks to the optimal solution looked for the minimum d of value
Step 7：Demapping, detection terminates.
The above embodiment is interpreted as being merely to illustrate the present invention rather than limited the scope of the invention. After the content for the record for having read the present invention, technical staff can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, these equivalent changes Change and modification equally falls into the scope of the claims in the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of double sequence spherical decoding method of generalized space modulation, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Activation antenna combination is arranged according to reliability descending, the branch for being most likely to be activation antenna is come former row；So Afterwards, reception antenna sequence is subjected to descending arrangement according to the expectation that the average metric of every antenna is part Euclidean distance, often The larger point of individual branch's interior joint metric is discharged to preceding several layers of；Each branch is finally traveled through, makes the minimum euclidean distance obtained at first The branch at place be more likely to be looked for transmission vector, by not to node exclude.
2. the double sequence spherical decoding method of generalized space modulation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to swash Antenna combination living is arranged according to reliability descending, the branch for being most likely to be activation antenna is come former row, is specifically included：
By transmitting terminal activation antenna combination L rearrangements, the pseudoinverse of each row of channel matrix is calculated according to formula (9), together When according to formula (10) pretreatment receive vector y, obtain z=[z1,z2,...,zNt]]T；Use wiRepresent each activation antenna sets The reliability of conjunction, wiObtained by formula (11), antenna combination L is according to w for activationiDescending arranged,
( h k ) + h k H / h k H h k , k ∈ { 1 , 2 , ... , N t } - - - ( 9 )
zk=(hk)+y (10)
w i = z i 1 2 + z i 2 2 + ... + z i N a 2 = Σ n = 1 N a z i n 2 , i ∈ { 1 , 2 , ... , N p } - - - ( 11 )
Wherein, hkRepresent the kth row of channel matrix H, (hk)+Represent hkPseudoinverse,Represent hkConjugate transposition, zkRepresent to receive The pretreated values of vector y.
3. the double sequence spherical decoding method of generalized space modulation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described to connect Receive antenna sequence and carry out descending arrangement, the larger point row of each branch's interior joint metric according to the average metric of every antenna Several layers of specifically included to preceding：
Reception antenna indexes the expectation E according to its Euclidean distancerCarry out descending arrangement, r=1,2 ..., Nr, expect ErWith following Formula is represented：
E r = E | y r - H L , r x | 2 = 1 KN P Σ L Σ x | y r - H L , r x | 2 - - - ( 12 )
yrReceive vector y the 2nd row, HL,rHL r rows are represented, K represents the sum using constellation point during QAM and PSK modulation, NPRepresent the total number of activation antenna combination；
When using QAM or PSK modulation, above formula can become
E r = E | y r - H L , r x | 2 = | y r | 2 + σ s 2 N p | | H L , r | | 2 - - - ( 13 )
Here,It is average symbol power, by each ErThe arrangement of value descending obtains the index sequence after an arrangement
4. the double sequence spherical decoding method of generalized space modulation according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the sequence Activation antenna combination afterwards is according to reception antenna index sequenceTree search figure is drawn as the number of plies order of search, the number of plies Sequence is arranged according to the expectation descending of reception antenna Euclidean distance.
5. the double sequence spherical decoding method of generalized space modulation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that after sequence Activation antenna combination and reception antenna utilize based on reception antenna spherical decoding method tree search, find optimal path point, solution Mapping, detection terminates.
6. the double sequence spherical decoding method of generalized space modulation according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described to be based on Reception antenna spherical decoding method tree is searched for, and finds optimal path point, comprises the following steps that：
1) initialization d (L, x)=0；
2) is askedThe part of Euclidean distance of each test point in layer, that is, perform formula (14)；
d ( L , x ) = d ( L , x ) + | y r ~ - H L , r ~ x | 2 - - - ( 14 )
3) d (L, S) and R size are compared, while judging whether current layer is whether last layer i.e. r is equal to Nr；If d (L, S) =R and r=Nr, then radius R is updated, that is, performs formula (15)；
R=d (L, x) (15)
4) repeat step 2) and step 3), until traversing a kind of last situation, now L=LNp, S is that all possible send accords with Number combination in last one kind；
5) (L x), seeks to the optimal solution looked for the minimum d of value
Demapping, detection terminates.
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CN108199756A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-22 清华大学 The selection method of the active antenna group of transmitting terminal in generalized space modulation communication system
CN109547077A (en) * 2019-01-22 2019-03-29 重庆京东方智慧电子系统有限公司 A kind of wireless communications method and communication equipment
CN111106860A (en) * 2019-12-13 2020-05-05 重庆邮电大学 Low-complexity generalized spatial modulation spherical decoding detection method

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108199756A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-22 清华大学 The selection method of the active antenna group of transmitting terminal in generalized space modulation communication system
CN108199756B (en) * 2017-12-29 2020-12-04 清华大学 Selection method of active antenna group of transmitting end in generalized spatial modulation communication system
CN109547077A (en) * 2019-01-22 2019-03-29 重庆京东方智慧电子系统有限公司 A kind of wireless communications method and communication equipment
CN111106860A (en) * 2019-12-13 2020-05-05 重庆邮电大学 Low-complexity generalized spatial modulation spherical decoding detection method

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Application publication date: 20170714