CN106951693A - River mouth runoff, the decision method and its application process of tidal control section - Google Patents
River mouth runoff, the decision method and its application process of tidal control section Download PDFInfo
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- CN106951693A CN106951693A CN201710129403.XA CN201710129403A CN106951693A CN 106951693 A CN106951693 A CN 106951693A CN 201710129403 A CN201710129403 A CN 201710129403A CN 106951693 A CN106951693 A CN 106951693A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of river mouth runoff, the method for discrimination of tidal control section, including chooses runoff and tide characteristic index；Using each tidal range survey station as target survey station, using M K-methods, when runoff survey station runoff rate is more than a certain flow stage, and the flow stage is in the hydrology P of correspondence runoff survey stationWhen the frequency occurred in type curve is more than 90%：If there is UF or UB all the time beyond the confidential interval of α=0.95, section residing for target tidal range survey station is referred to as perennial flow control section；Conversely, section residing for target tidal range survey station is referred to as into non-perennial flow controls section；(3) the target tidal range survey station of section is controlled non-perennial flow, based on big vast season or dry season runoff flow and monthly tidal range data of respectively standing, using M K-methods, seasonal footpath flow control section and long-term tidal control section is differentiated.Construction of the method for discrimination of the present invention to river mouth hydraulic engineering provides theory support, so that the implementation of estuary region correlation engineering has more preferable specific aim to the control situation of runoff, tide.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water conservancy marine traffic engineering technical field, specifically a kind of river mouth runoff, tidal control section
Decision method and its application process.
Background technology
Estuary region is runoff, the interactive region of tide, because runoff, the different cycles of tide and effect are special
Point, causes footpath flow control section and the otherness of the husky defeated shifting of tidal control section water, salinity diffusion and landforms variation characteristic to become
Change.This species diversity determine build waterway regulation, flood control control and reservoir water intake engineering in, footpath flow control section and tide
Control the focal point difference of section.Study and recognized this problem, often using Mathematical Modeling, based on salinity diffusion
Situation, calculates the decomposition interface that salinity is 0, although this method judges more directly perceived, there is Data Collection difficulty, calculates
The complicated shortcoming of process, application model is extremely inconvenient in engineering practice.And because the period of change of tide, salinity is shorter,
Consider that can produce certain mistake dredges, and is unfavorable for the implementation of engineering, can also increase financial cost for macrocyclic engineering operation.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of river mouth runoff, the method for discrimination of tidal control section, according to hydrometric station near tidal limit
Measure into extra large footpath flow data and river mouth along the monthly high and low tide level data in each tidal level station of journey, examined by Manner-Kendall orders
Proved recipe method, can more quick, easily judge the critical interfaces of runoff, tidal control section and the two conversion, can be river
Mouth engineering project provides theory support.
River mouth is to be crossed place into extra large runoff and off-lying sea tidal action, there is footpath flow control section and tidal control section two
Plant section.Because the rules such as runoff, the dynamic characteristics of tide, periodicity have more obvious difference, the water of two class sections is husky
There are different rules in power, salinity diffusion, development law etc..There is big vast withered season difference, period of change in footpath flow control section
For 1 year, salinity diffusion is generally there are, continent beach, riverbed rush year-end drawdown level rule and the sizes such as withered silt, the withered punching of flood silt in the presence of flood
Year border cyclically-varying of water year etc..And tidal control section period of change is generally 12 hours or 24 hours, with the moon, day,
Between gravitation occur significant change, salinity increases with flood tide, reduced with ebb tide, and continent beach, riverbed have that punching of rising falls to become silted up or silt of rising falls
The development laws such as punching, when carrying out the engineerings such as waterway regulation, plan for flood control, water intaking reservoir in river mouth, for footpath flow control, tide control
Different sections are made, targeted design need to be carried out.
The present invention provides a kind of river mouth runoff, the method for discrimination of tidal control section, comprises the following steps：
A kind of river mouth runoff, the method for discrimination of tidal control section, comprise the following steps：
(1) the average monthly runoff data on flows for the runoff survey station for being located at tidal current limit upstream and place being disturbed without negative flow rapid-curing cutback is chosen as footpath
Characteristic index is flowed, selection is used as tide characteristic index along the monthly tidal range data of journey diverse location tidal level survey station；
(2) once differentiated as target survey station using each tidal range survey station, differentiate perennial flow control section and non-long-term
Footpath flow control section, is realized as follows：
Average monthly runoff flow in monthly tidal range data in year based on target tidal range survey station, and the year of correspondence period runoff survey station
Data, utilize Manner-Kendall rank tests methods, counting statistics parameter UF, UB, rendering check image：
When runoff survey station runoff rate be more than a certain flow stage, and the flow stage correspondence runoff survey station hydrology PType curve
When the frequency of middle appearance is more than 90%, there is UF or UB all the time beyond the confidential interval of α=0.95, then by river residing for target tidal range survey station
Section is referred to as perennial flow control section；
When runoff survey station runoff rate be more than a certain flow stage, and the flow stage correspondence runoff survey station hydrology PType curve
When the frequency of middle appearance is more than 90%, there is UF or UB all the time without departing from the confidential interval of α=0.95, then by residing for target tidal range survey station
Section is referred to as non-perennial flow control section；
(3) control non-perennial flow the target tidal range survey station of section to carry out secondary discrimination, differentiate seasonal footpath flow control section
With long-term tidal control section, realize as follows：
Runoff peak flow month, as big vast season, based on big vast season runoff rate and monthly tidal range data of respectively standing, utilizes using within year
Manner-Kendall rank tests methods, counting statistics parameter UF, UB, rendering check image, or,
Runoff rate valley month, as withered season, based on dry season runoff flow and monthly tidal range data of respectively standing, utilizes using within year
Manner-Kendall rank tests methods, counting statistics parameter UF, UB, rendering check image；
When runoff survey station runoff rate be more than a certain flow stage, and the flow stage correspondence runoff survey station hydrology PType curve
When the frequency of middle appearance is more than 90%, there is UF or UB all the time beyond the confidential interval of α=0.95, then by river residing for target tidal range survey station
Section is referred to as seasonal footpath flow control section；
When runoff survey station runoff rate be more than a certain flow stage, and the flow stage correspondence runoff survey station hydrology PType curve
When the frequency of middle appearance is more than 90%, there is UF or UB all the time without departing from the confidential interval of α=0.95, then by residing for target tidal range survey station
Section is referred to as long-term tidal control section.
In above-mentioned steps (1), estuary region is first divided into tidal reach, footpath tide interaction section and tidal reaches, so
The average monthly runoff data on flows for the runoff survey station for being located at tidal current limit upstream and place being disturbed without negative flow rapid-curing cutback is chosen afterwards as footpath flow table
Levy index.
A kind of above-mentioned river mouth runoff, the application process of the method for discrimination of tidal control section：
Section is controlled for perennial flow：Water intake engineering need not consider that salt solution traces back influence, waterway regulation, flood control located at this interval
Engineering mainly considers that erosion of the current time saturation on engineering in recent years influences, and guards dynamics to Engineering Zone enhancing, increases roughness；
For seasonal footpath flow control section：Water intake engineering summer need not consider that salt solution traces back influence, and waterway regulation works is main
Consider that erosion of the current time saturation on engineering influences, dynamics is guarded to Engineering Zone enhancing, increases roughness；And withered season water intake engineering
It need to consider that salt solution traces back influence, it is considered to reservoir refill, the scheme of withered season water；Waterway regulation, engineering is guarded then due to flood current
Carrying influences, and is weakened by current erosion dynamics, can suitably reduce maintenance cost；
For long-term tidal control section：Set water intake engineering difficulty big, influenceed throughout the year by salty tide, need to consider to change addressing；It is right
It is main to consider to exist the problem of silt largely falls silting plug boat groove and tide raising of water level in waterway regulation and flood control works
Influence.
Compared with prior art, its advantage is the inventive method：
The present invention for river mouth section runoff, tide interaction influence hydrodynamic force, it is outstanding husky it is defeated move, salinity diffusion, river bed change
Phenomenon, footpath flow control section and the differentiation of tidal control section are reduced to differentiate that runoff enhancing whether there is to local tidal range
Gesture influences, and according to the seasonal variation of runoff, it is proposed that runoff, the method for tidal control section are differentiated, by estuary region
It is divided into three kinds of different types of sections：Perennial flow controls section, seasonal footpath flow control section and long-term tidal control
Section, construction of the method for discrimination to river mouth hydraulic engineering provides theory support, so that the reality of estuary region correlation engineering
Apply has more preferable specific aim for runoff, the control situation of tide.The inventive method has data collection difficulty small, method of discrimination
Quickly, intuitively, it is easy, differentiations result is macroscopic result, will not real-time change advantage.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention runoff, the schematic flow sheet of tidal control section method of discrimination generation；
Fig. 2 is that embodiment of the present invention perennial flow controls section Manner-Kendall rank tests method assays；
Fig. 3 is the type curves of embodiment of the present invention perennial flow control river section hydrology P III；
Fig. 4 is the non-perennial flow control section Manner-Kendall rank tests method assays of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is that the big vast season Manner-Kendall rank tests method in the seasonal footpath flow control section of the embodiment of the present invention examines knot
Really；
Fig. 6 is the seasonal type curves of footpath flow control river section hydrology P III of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the big vast season Manner-Kendall rank tests method assay in the embodiment of the present invention seasonal footpath flow control section；
Fig. 8 is the runoff of embodiment of the present invention entrance of Changjiang River, tidal control river reach's dividing result figure.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of river mouth runoff, the decision method of tidal control section, is provided using simple actual measurement
Material, judges by footpath flow control or by tidal control river mouth hydrodynamic characterisitic, and the construction of river mouth hydraulic engineering is provided
Theory support, decision method and its application process comprise the following steps：
(1) river reach's dividing and Data selection, specific method is：
A. the estuary region of broad sense is general fluctuates the highest distance position tidal limit that can trace back transmission as starting point using tidal level, with big
Continental shelf -20m contours are terminal（Land-sea junction is located at b.s.l., has one section of land referred to as continental shelf, typically with Huang
Extra large elevation -20m is river mouth lower boundary scope）, in estuary region, the maximum distance tidal limit traced back is fluctuated by tidal level and is risen
The maximum distance tidal current limit that trend speed can be traced back can be divided into tidal reach, footpath tide interaction section and tidal river for interface
Section；
Situation about b. being interacted for analysis runoff, tide, need to choose suitable runoff, tide characteristic index；To ensure to be surveyed
Runoff rate is not disturbed by tide, and runoff rate survey station need to be located at tidal current limit upstream, and no negative flow rapid-curing cutback disturbs place；Tidal parameter is selected
Take along journey diverse location tidal level survey station data；And propagated in view of runoff rate along journey and there is certain hysteresis quality, and tide with
The change of distance and gravitation between the moon and the earth, there is big neap in the moon, to weaken the moon of runoff hysteresis quality and tide
Interior change, therefore, chooses average monthly runoff flow and monthly tidal range data is used as runoff, the characteristic index of tide；
(2) perennial flow control section is differentiated, specific method is：Based on the tidal range data and runoff along each tide station of journey
Flow data, utilizes Manner-Kendall rank tests methods, counting statistics parameter UF, UB；Rendering check image, using α=
0.95 confidential interval is tested to result, when runoff rate is more than a certain flow stage, there is UF or UB curve all the time
During beyond the phenomenon of confidential interval, then hydrology P is utilizedType curve, judges the above-mentioned flow stage frequency of occurrences, when the frequency exceedes
When 90%, referred to as there is tendency change in tidal range with runoff, and when the trend is reduction trend, section residing for the survey station is called
Perennial flow controls section；
(3) seasonal footpath flow control section is differentiated, specific method is：
A. because runoff has obvious big vast withered season difference, ephemeral stream flood season flow in part can reach 10 times of withered season even
It is more, therefore there is crossing in the local section in river mouth, there is runoff, tide power relatively in crossing has more
Obvious seasonal variation, Hong Ji shows as footpath flow control section, shows as tidal control section in withered season, therefore, need to be directed to this
One region, flood diversion, withered season judge its runoff, the node location of tidal control section respectively；
B. four minimum month of runoff rate is withered season in year as big vast season four month of runoff maximum flow using within year；Base
Yu Hong, dry season runoff flow and monthly tidal range data of respectively standing, utilize Manner-Kendall rank tests methods, repeat step
（2）, when the trend is reduction trend, section residing for the survey station is called seasonal footpath flow control section, otherwise is then referred to as tide
Nighttide controls section；
The present invention also provides above-mentioned river mouth runoff, the application of the decision method of tidal control section, based on runoff, tidal control river
Section differentiates result, adjusts engineering application state, is specially：
Section is controlled for perennial flow：Water intake engineering need not consider that salt solution traces back influence, waterway regulation, flood control located at this interval
Engineering mainly considers that erosion of the current time saturation on engineering in recent years influences, and guards dynamics to Engineering Zone enhancing, increases roughness；
Alternately change runoff, tidal control section for seasonality：Water intake engineering summer need not consider that salt solution traces back influence, navigation channel
Training works mainly considers that erosion of the current time saturation on engineering influences, and guards dynamics to Engineering Zone enhancing, increases roughness；
And withered season water intake engineering need to consider that salt solution traces back influence, it is considered to reservoir refill, the scheme of withered season water；Waterway regulation, keep
Nurse Cheng Ze is influenceed due to flood current carrying, is weakened by current erosion dynamics, should suitably be reduced maintenance cost；
For long-term tidal control section：Set water intake engineering difficulty big, influenceed throughout the year by salty tide, need to consider to change addressing, it is right
It is main to consider to exist the problem of silt largely falls silting plug boat groove and tide raising of water level in waterway regulation and flood control works
Influence.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention is carried out by taking estuary area as an example, and the runoff survey station of selection is hydrometric station logical greatly,
Tidal level survey station is Nanjing station, Jiangyin station and high bridge station, and it is 1954 ~ 2013 to choose the hydrographic survey time.With reference to hydrology money
Material differentiates that three survey stations are under the jurisdiction of footpath flow control section or tidal control section respectively according to following steps.
First, differentiate that perennial flow control section and non-perennial flow control river using Manner-Kendall rank tests method
Section（Once differentiate）.
The monthly tidal range data and the runoff survey station average monthly runoff flow data of correspondence period of collection research target survey station.It is logical
Cross Manner-Kendall rank tests methods（M-K methods）, the monthly tidal range of target survey station is solved with sentencing that runoff rate increases
Other index UF and UB.After runoff rate exceedes a certain flow stage, there is UF all the time<0 or UB<When 0, it is believed that target survey station is monthly
There is reduction trend with runoff rate increase in tidal range.When runoff rate exceedes a certain flow stage Q1Afterwards, there is UF all the time<-1.96
Or UB<-1.96（UF or UB is beyond the confidential interval of α=0.95）And Q1In the P of runoff hydrometric station hydrologic processOccur in type curve
Frequency is more than 90%, then it is assumed that the monthly tidal range of target survey station exists with runoff rate is obviously reduced trend, and now, we are by target
Section residing for survey station is referred to as perennial flow control section, referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.When runoff rate exceedes a certain flow stage Q2Afterwards, begin
There is UF eventually>1.96 or UB>1.96（UF or UB is without departing from the confidential interval of α=0.95）And Q2In the P of runoff hydrometric station hydrologic processThe frequency of occurrences is more than 90% in type curve, then it is assumed that the monthly tidal range of target survey station exists with runoff rate is obviously reduced trend, this
When, section residing for target survey station is referred to as non-perennial flow and controls section by us, referring to Fig. 4.
2nd, seasonal footpath flow control section and long-term tidal control river are differentiated using Manner-Kendall rank tests method
Section（Secondary discrimination）.
The non-perennial flow separated by once differentiating is controlled to the information data area flood diversion withered season of the target survey station of section, carried out
Secondary discrimination.Here secondary discrimination, can control the big vast season data of the target survey station of section to be differentiated using non-perennial flow,
Also using non-perennial flow the withered season data of the target survey station of section can be controlled to be differentiated.Using big vast season number in the present embodiment
According to.By June in data, July, August, the monthly tidal range data and correspondence period runoff hydrometric station average monthly runoff flow money of September
Material is divided into big vast season data.
Big vast season is equally tested using Manner-Kendall rank tests methods, discriminant criterion UF and UB is obtained, when
Runoff rate exceedes after a certain flow stage, there is UF all the time<0 or UB<When 0, it is believed that the monthly tidal range of target survey station is with runoff rate
There is reduction trend in increase.When runoff rate exceedes a certain flow stage Q3Afterwards, there is UF all the time<- 1.96 or UB<- 1.96 and Q3
The P of correspondence runoff control station hydrologic processThe frequency of occurrences is more than 90% in type curve, it is believed that the monthly monthly tidal range of tidal range is with runoff
Flow, which exists, is obviously reduced trend, and now, section residing for target survey station is referred to as seasonal footpath flow control section by us, referring to figure
5 and Fig. 6.After more than a certain flow stage, there is UF all the time>0 or UB>When 0, it is believed that the monthly tidal range of target survey station is with runoff rate
There is increase tendency in increase, when more than a certain flow stage Q4Afterwards, there is UF all the time>1.96 or UB>1.96 and Q3In correspondence runoff control
The P of system station hydrologic processWhen the frequency of occurrences is more than 90% in type curve, it is believed that the monthly monthly tidal range of tidal range exists with runoff rate
Trend is significantly increased, now, section residing for target survey station is referred to as long-term tidal control section by us, referring to Fig. 7.
According to above-mentioned steps one and step 2, the runoff of entrance of Changjiang River, tidal control river reach's dividing result are as shown in Figure 8.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Technology neck belonging to of the invention
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or be replaced using similar mode
Generation, without departing from the spiritual of the present invention or more than scope defined in appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of river mouth runoff, the method for discrimination of tidal control section, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) the average monthly runoff data on flows for the runoff survey station for being located at tidal current limit upstream and place being disturbed without negative flow rapid-curing cutback is chosen as footpath
Characteristic index is flowed, selection is used as tide characteristic index along the monthly tidal range data of journey diverse location tidal level survey station；
(2) once differentiated as target survey station using each tidal range survey station, differentiate perennial flow control section and non-long-term
Footpath flow control section, is realized as follows：
Average monthly runoff flow in monthly tidal range data in year based on target tidal range survey station, and the year of correspondence period runoff survey station
Data, utilize Manner-Kendall rank tests methods, counting statistics parameter UF, UB, rendering check image：
When runoff survey station runoff rate be more than a certain flow stage, and the flow stage correspondence runoff survey station hydrology PIII type curves
When the frequency of middle appearance is more than 90%, there is UF or UB all the time beyond the confidential interval of α=0.95, then by residing for target tidal range survey station
Section is referred to as perennial flow control section；
When runoff survey station runoff rate be more than a certain flow stage, and the flow stage correspondence runoff survey station hydrology PIII type curves
When the frequency of middle appearance is more than 90%, there is UF or UB all the time without departing from the confidential interval of α=0.95, then by target tidal range survey station institute
Place section is referred to as non-perennial flow control section；
(3) control non-perennial flow the target tidal range survey station of section to carry out secondary discrimination, differentiate seasonal footpath flow control section
With long-term tidal control section, realize as follows：
Runoff peak flow month, as big vast season, based on big vast season runoff rate and monthly tidal range data of respectively standing, utilizes using within year
Manner-Kendall rank tests methods, counting statistics parameter UF, UB, rendering check image, or,
Runoff rate valley month, as withered season, based on dry season runoff flow and monthly tidal range data of respectively standing, utilizes using within year
Manner-Kendall rank tests methods, counting statistics parameter UF, UB, rendering check image；
When runoff survey station runoff rate be more than a certain flow stage, and the flow stage correspondence runoff survey station hydrology PIII type curves
When the frequency of middle appearance is more than 90%, there is UF or UB all the time beyond the confidential interval of α=0.95, then by residing for target tidal range survey station
Section is referred to as seasonal footpath flow control section；
When runoff survey station runoff rate be more than a certain flow stage, and the flow stage correspondence runoff survey station hydrology PIII type curves
When the frequency of middle appearance is more than 90%, there is UF or UB all the time without departing from the confidential interval of α=0.95, then by target tidal range survey station institute
Place section is referred to as long-term tidal control section.
2. river mouth runoff according to claim 1, the method for discrimination of tidal control section, it is characterised in that：
In above-mentioned steps (1), estuary region is first divided into tidal reach, footpath tide interaction section and tidal reaches, Ran Houxuan
Fetch bit is characterized in the average monthly runoff data on flows of tidal current limit upstream and runoff survey station without the negative flow rapid-curing cutback place of disturbing as runoff to be referred to
Mark.
3. river mouth runoff, the application process of the method for discrimination of tidal control section described in a kind of claim 1, its feature exist
In：
Section is controlled for perennial flow：Water intake engineering need not consider that salt solution traces back influence, waterway regulation, flood control located at this interval
Engineering mainly considers that erosion of the current time saturation on engineering in recent years influences, and guards dynamics to Engineering Zone enhancing, increases roughness；
For seasonal footpath flow control section：Water intake engineering summer need not consider that salt solution traces back influence, and waterway regulation works is main
Consider that erosion of the current time saturation on engineering influences, dynamics is guarded to Engineering Zone enhancing, increases roughness；And withered season water intake engineering
It need to consider that salt solution traces back influence, it is considered to reservoir refill, the scheme of withered season water；Waterway regulation, engineering is guarded then due to flood current
Carrying influences, and is weakened by current erosion dynamics, can suitably reduce maintenance cost；
For long-term tidal control section：Set water intake engineering difficulty big, influenceed throughout the year by salty tide, need to consider to change addressing；It is right
It is main to consider to exist the problem of silt largely falls silting plug boat groove and tide raising of water level in waterway regulation and flood control works
Influence.
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| CN110189021A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-30 | 中交上海航道勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of tidal reaches waterway regulation works dynamic management approach |
| CN110186533A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-30 | 河海大学 | A kind of short-term tide prediction method in high-precision river mouth |
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| CN113312690A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-27 | 福建省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | Estuary leaf vein-like river network tide boundary determination method |
| CN113312690B (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2022-06-14 | 福建省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Estuary leaf vein-like river network tide boundary determination method |
| CN114580283A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-06-03 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Numerical simulation method for medium-and long-term dynamic landform evolution of mountain stream strong tide river mouth branch section |
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