CN106951605A - A kind of Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model construction method - Google Patents
A kind of Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model construction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model construction method, belong to new energy measurement and control area.This method describes target for Li-ion batteries piles working condition, proposes and constructs a kind of specific aim equivalent model（S ECM, Special Equivalent Circuit）, by the simulation to battery different effect, realize the accurate mathematical expression of the course of work of Li-ion batteries piles；This method is on the basis of single order RC is equivalent, increase parallel resistance to characterize self discharge effect, introducing string has the resistor coupled in parallel loop of backward dioded to characterize discharge and recharge internal resistance difference, increases shunt capacitance to characterize skin effect, all-sidedly and accurately characterizes the course of work of Li-ion batteries piles；This method is taking into full account lithium ion battery in groups on working foundation, with reference to S ECM model constructions, state space equation mathematical description is incorporated, state parameter identification is carried out using working characteristics experimental analysis, the effective status space mathematical description to Li-ion batteries piles is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model construction method, this method is directed to aviation Li-ion batteries piles
Special operation condition and working condition describe target, consider the sign degree of accuracy and computation complexity, incorporate experience into equation model and
Second order equivalent-circuit model, using circuit equivalent mode, proposes and constructs a kind of specific aim battery equivalent model（S-ECM,
Special - Equivalent Circuit Model）, by the simulation to battery different effect, realize aviation lithium ion
The special operation condition of battery pack and the accurate mathematical expression of the course of work；Equivalent model S-ECM is on the basis of single order RC is equivalent, increase
Parallel resistance is to characterize self discharge effect；Equivalent model S-ECM is on the basis of PNGV is equivalent, and introducing string has the electricity of backward dioded
Shunt circuit is hindered to characterize discharge and recharge internal resistance difference；Equivalent model S-ECM is on the basis of Thevenin is equivalent, at electromotive force two ends
Increase shunt capacitance to characterize skin effect, all-sidedly and accurately characterize the course of work of Li-ion batteries piles；This method is abundant
Consider that lithium ion battery on working foundation, with reference to S-ECM model constructions, incorporates state space equation mathematical description, utilized in groups
Working characteristics experimental analysis, realizes that state parameter is recognized, realizes the effective status space mathematical description to Li-ion batteries piles；Should
Method is that a kind of Li-ion batteries piles working condition based on modern control theory describes method, belongs to new energy measurement and control area.
Background technology
In lithium ion, plumbic acid, cadmium nickel and other kinds of battery, lithium ion battery is due to excellent with high-energy-density etc.
Gesture, it has also become current high power battery group energy supply application direction；According to the structure and composition composition of positive electrode, lithium-ion electric
Pond can be divided into polytype；The Li-ion batteries piles of cobalt acid lithium material, due to high-energy-density and stability advantage,
Exploratory application is obtained with energy field.
Due to the limitation of monomer voltage and capacity, lithium ion battery needs connection in series-parallel to use in groups, in production system between monomer
Make and use during inevitably cause the difference in performance it is there is potential safety hazard in actual application, it is unbalance
Work under state does not only result in battery life reduction and triggers safety problem；As lithium ion battery of electric automobile group is local
Overheat causes spontaneous combustion, aviation auxiliary to energize, and Li-ion batteries piles module heat is unbalance to cause the security incident such as on fire of smoldering；Pass through material
Material, technique and existing well-balanced adjustment can not thoroughly solve the problem；With becoming increasingly popular that Li-ion batteries piles are applied, between monomer
Security incident caused by imbalance has great threat to social safety and national politics economy, already as threat national energy
The major hidden danger of safety；Energy security is the foundation stone of national security and social stability, and China's public safety faces a severe challenge, right
Science and technology proposes Major Strategic Demand, builds Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model to describe its working condition as important solution route
One of.
For aviation Li-ion batteries piles operation process simulation and expression target, used equivalent model, which is built, at present thinks
, mainly there are experience equation model and equivalent-circuit model in road；By studying analog representation method, equation mould is incorporated experience into
The equivalent-circuit model analysis of type and different fitting model configurations, explores and proposes in accurate characterization aviation Li-ion batteries piles
The S-ECM equivalent models of portion's state.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention be overcome the shortcomings of existing Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model construction method there is provided a kind of lithium from
Sub- battery pack equivalent model construction method, solves the problems, such as the working condition accurate description that lithium ion battery is applied in groups.
It is of the invention main by building Li-ion batteries piles S-ECM equivalent model accurate description working conditions；By to electricity
The simulation of pond different effect, realizes the accurate mathematical expression of the course of work of Li-ion batteries piles；This method is in single order RC etc.
On the basis of effect, increase parallel resistance is to characterize self discharge effect, and introducing string has the resistor coupled in parallel loop of backward dioded to characterize
Discharge and recharge internal resistance difference, increases shunt capacitance to characterize skin effect, all-sidedly and accurately characterizes the worked of Li-ion batteries piles
Journey；This method is taking into full account lithium ion battery in groups on working foundation, with reference to S-ECM model constructions, incorporates state space side
Journey mathematical description, state parameter identification is carried out using working characteristics experimental analysis, realizes effective description to working condition.
The present invention is to be combined mode based on Li-ion batteries piles Analysis of Working Performance and Equivalent Circuits Simulation research,
The Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model construction method of realization, with stronger ambient adaptability；For Li-ion batteries piles work
Feature, the present invention carries out specific aim S-ECM equivalent models and built, and realizes the accurate description of Li-ion batteries piles working condition；This
Invention equivalent model S-ECM increases parallel resistance to characterize self discharge effect on the basis of single order RC is equivalent；In the equivalent bases of PNGV
On plinth, introducing string has the resistor coupled in parallel loop of backward dioded to characterize discharge and recharge internal resistance difference；On the equivalent bases of Thevenin
On, increase shunt capacitance at electromotive force two ends to characterize skin effect, all-sidedly and accurately characterize the worked of Li-ion batteries piles
Journey；Lithium ion battery is being taken into full account in groups on working foundation, with reference to S-ECM model constructions, state space equation mathematics is being incorporated
Description, state parameter identification is carried out using working characteristics experimental analysis, realizes effective description to working condition；The present invention can be right
Li-ion batteries piles working condition carries out accurate description, has the advantages that to calculate that succinct, adaptability is good and high precision.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Li-ion batteries piles S-ECM equivalent model structure charts of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the inside lithium ion cell course of work schematic diagram of the present invention；
The lithium ion battery that Fig. 3 is the present invention cascades structural representation in groups；
Embodiment
It will make further detailed to the Li-ion batteries piles S-ECM equivalent model construction method combinations accompanying drawing of the present invention below
Thin description；Equivalent model Construct question when the present invention is applied in groups for lithium ion battery, builds Li-ion batteries piles S-ECM etc.
Imitate model, by the simulation to battery different effect, realize the special operation condition and the course of work of aviation Li-ion batteries piles
Accurate mathematical expression；Equivalent model S-ECM increases parallel resistance to characterize self discharge effect on the basis of single order RC is equivalent；Deng
Model S-ECM is imitated on the basis of PNGV is equivalent, introducing string has the resistor coupled in parallel loop of backward dioded to characterize discharge and recharge internal resistance
Difference；Equivalent model S-ECM increases shunt capacitance to characterize surface effect on the basis of Thevenin is equivalent, at electromotive force two ends
Should, all-sidedly and accurately characterize the course of work of Li-ion batteries piles；This method is taking into full account that lithium ion battery works base in groups
On plinth, with reference to S-ECM model constructions, state space equation mathematical description is incorporated, state is carried out using working characteristics experimental analysis
Parameter identification, realizes the effective status space mathematical description to Li-ion batteries piles, constructs equivalent model constructing system scheme；For
It is more preferable to embody the present invention, in the present embodiment only illustrated by taking aviation Li-ion batteries piles as an example, but art technology
Personnel are should well know that technique according to the invention thought can realize that the equivalent model of a variety of Li-ion batteries piles is built；Below
Step, which is described in detail, to be realized to Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model construction method.
See that S-ECM equivalent models designed in Fig. 1, Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model construction method of the invention have：It is comprehensive
Close and consider to characterize the degree of accuracy and computation complexity, incorporate experience into equation model and second order equivalent-circuit model, use circuit equivalent
Mode, proposes and constructs a kind of specific aim battery equivalent model S-ECM, constructed S-ECM models by inside battery not
With the simulation of effect, the special operation condition of aviation Li-ion batteries piles and the accurate mathematical expression of the course of work are realized；First, etc.
Model S-ECM is imitated on the basis of single order RC is equivalent, increases parallel resistance to characterize self discharge effect；Second, equivalent model S-ECM
On the basis of PNGV is equivalent, introducing string has the resistor coupled in parallel loop of backward dioded to characterize discharge and recharge internal resistance difference；3rd, etc.
Model S-ECM is imitated on the basis of Thevenin is equivalent, increases shunt capacitance at electromotive force two ends to characterize skin effect, Quan Mianzhun
Really characterize the course of work of Li-ion batteries piles；Taking into full account that lithium ion battery on the basis of working characteristics, realizes it in groups
Equivalent model S-ECM framework establishments；Recognized, realized to Li-ion batteries piles using working characteristics experimental analysis and state parameter
Effective status space mathematical description；For aviation lithium ion battery applications features, its equivalent-circuit model structure S- is proposed
ECM, is improved on the basis of original battery equivalent model, realizes equivalent-circuit model structure design.
In figure, parameterU OC For battery open circuit voltage, the OCV values of aviation Li-ion batteries piles are characterized；ParameterR S It is one big resistance,
Characterize the self discharge effect of lithium ion battery；ParameterR ΩFor battery ohmic internal resistance, filled by the parameter characterization lithium ion battery
The voltage drop of positive and negative end in discharge process；The S-ECM models proposed are filled by using single order RC network to simulate sign
Relaxation effect in maintenance process of discharging, the transient response to aviation Li-ion batteries piles is expressed；ParameterR P Characterize lithium from
The polarization resistance of sub- battery, parameterC P For the polarization capacity of lithium-ion battery monomer；ParameterR P WithC P Parallel circuit reflection lithium from
The generation of sub- battery polarization effect and elimination process；ParameterR d It is the electric discharge internal resistance in electric discharge period, aviation lithium when being characterized in electric discharge
The internal resistance difference that ion battery group is shown；ParameterR c Internal charging resistance when being charging, aviation lithium ion when being characterized in electric discharge
The internal resistance difference that battery pack is shown；ParameterC e It is lithium ion battery surface effect electric capacity；ParameterU L For aviation lithium ion battery
After group is connected with external circuit, the terminal voltage of positive and negative end, parameter when carrying out charge/discharge operationI L Flowed in or out for it
Current value.
Referring to Fig. 2, aviation Li-ion batteries piles realize the storage and release of energy using chemical reaction, in charge and discharge process
In, redox reaction occurs for each battery cell both positive and negative polarity that inside is connected with each other；The angle analysis constituted from material and description,
Each battery cell is made up of positive pole, barrier film, negative pole and organic electrolyte in aviation Li-ion batteries piles, the brief description of each several part
As described below；The most active material of positive pole is cobalt oxide, and barrier film is a kind of special section bar, and its special microcosmic structure that penetrates makes
Obtaining lithium ion can pass freely through, but electronics can not but pass through；The available material of negative pole can be graphite or other similar knots
The material of structure, can be used to conductive and absorption lithium ion；The organic solvent of electrolyte is carbonate, the shape of single battery case
It is steel body and square with material；In the aviation Li-ion batteries piles course of work, lithium ion is repeated de- between both positive and negative polarity
Go out and be embedded in；When aviation Li-ion batteries piles are used for online emergency power supply process, two electrodes are connected to load electricity consumption
Equipment, and then pass through these data download module even load equipment formation loop；In the presence of both positive and negative polarity electrical potential difference, lithium ion
Positive pole is flowed to from negative pole in inside battery, until being just rich in the generation of lithium state or the poor lithium state phenomenon of negative pole；And then, in immersion electricity
Two interpolars for solving liquid produce electric current.
In aviation lithium ion battery charging process, by movement of the lithium ion from positive pole to negative pole, lithium ion battery negative by
Gradually in rich lithium state, and its positive pole gradually tends to poor lithium state；In aviation Li-ion batteries piles discharge process, by lithium ion from
Negative pole is to the movement of positive pole, and lithium ion cell positive gradually tends to rich lithium state, and negative pole tends to poor lithium state；Therefore, lithium-ion electric
Pond is a kind of more satisfactory energy reversible storage and dispensing device；In charge and discharge process, in aviation Li-ion batteries piles
Positive pole, negative pole and the battery overall reaction chemical equation of each monomer are shown below respectively.
Referring to Fig. 3, lithium ion battery power application needs to use cell connection in series-parallel, and aviation Li-ion batteries piles are comprising perhaps
The battery cell of multi-series and parallel connection connection realizes high-power applications, to meet Large Copacity and high voltage requirements and required for providing
Voltage；The model building method based on circuit equivalent is chosen first, by assuming all monomer tables in aviation Li-ion batteries piles
It is now consistent, therefore whole battery pack can be equivalent to an independent monomer, with higher voltage and bigger capacity, pass through
Introduce the addition of poised state parameter to consider interactional monomer, realize the equivalent model structure that works in groups lithium ion battery
Construction method is explored；When aviation Li-ion batteries piles are in charging and discharging state, according to model and Kirchhoff's law, each electricity is described
Characterization of relation between the component terminal voltage of road, its state space equation is shown below.
For the parameter identification of aviation Li-ion batteries piles S-ECM models, a dynamical system can be regarded as；Meanwhile, it is being
Unite during parameter identification, the design of parameter identification module subsystem is a kind of simple directly solution；This method is very
It is suitable for the identification of S-ECM model parameter dynamical systems, with stronger adaptability to realize the time domain evaluation of dynamic parameter；Should
The process feature of method is what the tenet of dynamic state based on parameter identification module was realized；Therefore, the output valve of correspondence parameter can be obtained
To effective identification, the process of wherein system stabilization processing is also the process of parameter identification；Using identification process network when
Wait, defined Identification Errors function is equal to the energy equation of standard, and the function can be by using parameter identification module
Dynamical equation is realized；The input matrix parameter of the external linkage of parameter identification moduleIAnd weight matrix parameterW, can pass through
The network is obtained, and replaces the operation of dynamic network equation；Through operation after a while, stable parameter can be accurately obtained
Identification result；According to the battery model state space equation established, ifφ 0(X),φ 1(X) ...,φ n (X) it is intervalC[a,b] on linear independence family of functions, its functional relation can pass through expression formulaφ=span{φ 0(X),φ 1(X) ...,φ n (X) enter
Row description, and then, a function is asked for whereinS(x) so that error sum of squares is minimum, and the process of asking for is shown below.
Wherein, equationS(x) matched curve can pass through equationS(x)= a 0 φ 0(X)+ a 1 φ 1(X)+ …+ a n φ n (X) enter
Row description, for obtaining the function curve fit equation based on least square method；In estimation process, by using lowest mean square
Root error is optimal estimation effect in this way as basis for estimation；Parameter RMSE value is to unavoidable small mistake
Difference is very sensitive, can reflected measurement accuracy well；Pass through the constraint of least mean-square error so that constructed battery
Model can reflect the output voltage characteristic of battery exactly.
In summary, the present invention builds target for Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model, considers computational complexity and work
The problems such as state representation reliability, propose specific aim S-ECM equivalent model construction methods, charging in Li-ion batteries piles, put
On the basis of electricity and cycle charge-discharge and the detection of other maintenance processes, realize and the working condition of Li-ion batteries piles is described, protect
Demonstrate,prove the security of Li-ion batteries piles energy storage and energy supply process.
The above example of the present invention has only carried out Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model structure by taking aviation Li-ion batteries piles as an example
Explanation, but it is understood that, it can be appointed in those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention
The change and change of meaning.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model construction method, it is characterised in that construct a kind of specific aim equivalent model（S-
ECM, Special-Equivalent Circuit Model）, by the simulation to battery different effect, realize aviation lithium
The special operation condition of ion battery group and the accurate mathematical expression of the course of work.
2. a kind of Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that equivalent model
S-ECM increases parallel resistance to characterize self discharge effect on the basis of single order RC is equivalent.
3. a kind of Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that equivalent model
S-ECM is on the basis of PNGV is equivalent, and introducing string has the resistor coupled in parallel loop of backward dioded to characterize discharge and recharge internal resistance difference.
4. a kind of Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that equivalent model
S-ECM increases shunt capacitance to characterize skin effect on the basis of Thevenin is equivalent, at electromotive force two ends, all-sidedly and accurately table
Levy the course of work of Li-ion batteries piles.
5. a kind of Li-ion batteries piles equivalent model construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that this method exists
Take into full account that on working foundation, state space equation is incorporated with reference to S-ECM model constructions in groups for lithium ion battery, it is special using work
Property experimental analysis carry out state parameter identification, realize to the effective status space mathematical descriptions of Li-ion batteries piles.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN108695570A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-10-23 | 首都师范大学 | A kind of lithium battery physical model and charge and discharge pyroelectric monitor system based on self-healing feature |
| CN109950660A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-28 | 清华大学 | The method that ternary lithium-ion-power cell is preheated using itself energy storage excitation |
| CN110389302A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2019-10-29 | 西南科技大学 | Method for evaluating consistency between a kind of Li-ion batteries piles monomer |
| CN111123107A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-05-08 | 北京天诚同创电气有限公司 | Battery simulation modeling method and device and battery equivalent model |
| CN112464571A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Lithium battery pack parameter identification method based on multi-constraint-condition particle swarm optimization algorithm |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110389302A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2019-10-29 | 西南科技大学 | Method for evaluating consistency between a kind of Li-ion batteries piles monomer |
| CN108695570A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-10-23 | 首都师范大学 | A kind of lithium battery physical model and charge and discharge pyroelectric monitor system based on self-healing feature |
| CN108695570B (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2020-06-23 | 首都师范大学 | Self-healing-based lithium battery physical model construction method and monitoring system |
| CN111123107A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-05-08 | 北京天诚同创电气有限公司 | Battery simulation modeling method and device and battery equivalent model |
| CN111123107B (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2022-11-11 | 北京天诚同创电气有限公司 | Battery simulation modeling method and device and battery equivalent model |
| CN109950660A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-28 | 清华大学 | The method that ternary lithium-ion-power cell is preheated using itself energy storage excitation |
| CN109950660B (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2022-01-18 | 清华大学 | Method for preheating ternary lithium ion power battery by utilizing self energy storage excitation |
| CN112464571A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Lithium battery pack parameter identification method based on multi-constraint-condition particle swarm optimization algorithm |
| CN112464571B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-05-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Lithium battery pack parameter identification method based on multi-constraint-condition particle swarm optimization algorithm |
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Application publication date: 20170714 |