CN106950048A - Annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method - Google Patents
Annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106950048A CN106950048A CN201710145899.XA CN201710145899A CN106950048A CN 106950048 A CN106950048 A CN 106950048A CN 201710145899 A CN201710145899 A CN 201710145899A CN 106950048 A CN106950048 A CN 106950048A
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- heat exchanger
- exchanger tube
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- waste
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method, pass through the parameter before detecting that waste furnace gas enters heat exchanger, detection waste furnace gas passes through the parameter after heat exchanger, the parameter detected is contrasted, so as to judge whether heat exchanger tube has breakage, and whether reach maintenance criterion.The parameter of detection can be the one, two or three in temperature, pressure and the oxygen content of waste furnace gas.The detection of parameter can be directly on exhaust piping relevant position sensor is set, therefore, the present invention need not be shut down, it is not necessary to dismantle heat exchanger tube, can on-line checking heat exchanger tube it is whether damaged.And can monitor whether heat exchanger reaches maintenance criterion on-line.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the on-line checking of annealing furnace, more particularly to a kind of annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring side
Method.
Background technology
The annealing furnace heat exchanger of continuous annealing pickling line typically uses many convections (cross-counterflow type) heat exchanger, and
And in off-gas piping system between annealing furnace preheating section and air exhauster.Recuperative enclosure interior has heat exchange
Pipe, combustion air to be heated is flowed by the heat exchanger tube.In addition, recuperative housing also has exhaust gas entrance and waste gas
Outlet.Exhaust gas entrance and waste gas outlet are all connected with exhaust piping, and waste gas outlet connects exhaust gas fan by exhaust piping.By useless
The suction of gas blower fan, the hot (waste furnace gas) of burning enters in recuperator from exhaust gas entrance, flows through the outer of heat exchanger tube
Portion carries out heat exchange with heat exchanger tube, and heating heat exchanger tube reaches the purpose of heating combustion air.Waste gas after heat exchange is from useless
Gas outlet outflow.Combustion air and combustion gas mixing Combustion Energy after heating reach the purpose for saving combustion gas.
In the lehr, the temperature of heat exchanger heat exchanger tube can reach 700 DEG C, in very harsh hot environment,
Creep, heat fatigue may occur in use, the phenomenons such as thermal oxide are crossed, these factors make heat exchange tube material performance bad
Change, shorten the life-span, once occur cracking, it will bring heavy economic losses.Therefore, can be steady in a long-term for guarantee equipment
Operation, heat exchanger tube must inspect periodically state.
Conventional detection method has at present：Metal structure change determination method, firmness change determination method, ultrasonic measuring method,
Density of material method, analytic method etc..It is raw but these detection methods are required for very big manpower and materials and the shutdown of long period
Production scene is unsatisfactory for the halt condition of long period.
Thus, the present inventor relies on experience and the practice for being engaged in relevant industries for many years, proposes a kind of annealing furnace heat exchanger
Heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method, to overcome the defect of prior art.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method, heat exchanger tube can be detected
It is whether damaged.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method, detection heat exchange
Whether pipe need not shut down when damaged, it is not necessary to dismantle heat exchanger tube, can be detected online.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide one kind annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method, it can supervise online
Whether calorimetric exchanger reaches maintenance criterion.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, one kind annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method, described to move back
Stove heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method at least comprises the following steps：
S1, detection obtain the first measured value into the parameter of the waste furnace gas before the exhaust gas entrance of heat exchanger；
The parameter for the waste furnace gas that S2, detection are exported from the waste gas outlet of heat exchanger, obtains the second measured value；
S3, compare first measured value and second measured value measured, judge that heat exchanger tube is according to comparative result
It is no to have breakage；Or judge whether heat exchanger reaches maintenance criterion according to comparative result.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the parameter of the waste furnace gas detected in step S1 and in step S2 is equal
For the oxygen content of waste furnace gas；In step s3, if the second measured value is bigger than the first measured value by more than 1%, heat exchange is judged
Pipe has breakage；Otherwise judge that heat exchanger tube is not damaged.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the parameter of the waste furnace gas detected in step S1 and in step S2 is equal
For the temperature of waste furnace gas；In step s3, if the first measured value is bigger than the second measured value more than 15 °, heat exchanger tube is judged
There is breakage；Otherwise judge that heat exchanger tube is not damaged.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the parameter of the waste furnace gas detected in step S1 and in step S2 is equal
For the oxygen content and temperature of waste furnace gas；First measured value includes the first oxygen content value and the first temperature value；Second measured value bag
Include the second oxygen content value and second temperature value；In step s3, if the first temperature value and the difference of second temperature value increase, together
When the second oxygen content value and the first oxygen content value difference also increase, then judge that heat exchanger tube has breakage；Otherwise heat exchanger tube is judged not
It is damaged.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the parameter of the waste furnace gas detected in step S1 and in step S2 is equal
For the pressure of waste furnace gas；In step s3, if the first measured value 10mmWC more than bigger than the second measured value, judge that heat is handed over
Parallel operation is not up to maintenance criterion；Otherwise judge that heat exchanger reaches maintenance criterion.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, during implementation steps S1, the useless of the exhaust gas entrance of heat exchanger is being connected
The first detection hole is opened up in feed channel, corresponding sensor is set in the described first detection hole；During implementation steps S2, in connection
The second detection hole is opened up on the exhaust piping of the waste gas outlet of heat exchanger, corresponding sensing is set in the described second detection hole
Device.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas entrance of the first detection hole and the heat exchanger away from
From no more than 1 meter.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the first detection hole is provided with least two, the described at least two
Side wall circle distribution of the one detection hole along the exhaust piping；First measured value takes the first detection hole described at least two
Locate the average value of measured value.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the waste gas outlet of the second detection hole and the heat exchanger away from
From no more than 1 meter.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the second detection hole is provided with least two, the described at least two
Side wall circle distribution of the two detection holes along the exhaust piping；Or the second detection hole described at least two is along the waste gas
The side-wall shaft of pipeline is to distribution；Second measured value takes the average value of measured value at the second detection hole described at least two.
From the above mentioned, the present invention is by the parameter before detecting that waste furnace gas enters heat exchanger, and detection waste furnace gas leads to
Parameter after over-heat-exchanger, the parameter detected is contrasted, so as to judge whether heat exchanger tube has breakage, and
Whether maintenance criterion is reached.The parameter of detection can be one, two or three in temperature, pressure and the oxygen content of waste furnace gas
It is individual.The detection of parameter can be directly on exhaust piping relevant position set sensor, therefore, the present invention need not be shut down,
Heat exchanger tube need not be dismantled, whether energy on-line checking heat exchanger tube is damaged.And can monitor whether heat exchanger reaches maintenance mark on-line
It is accurate.
Brief description of the drawings
The following drawings is only intended to, in doing schematic illustration and explanation to the present invention, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein：
Fig. 1：For a kind of present invention annealing schematic diagram of embodiment of furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method.
Embodiment
In order to which technical characteristic, purpose and effect to the present invention are more clearly understood from, now control illustrates this hair
Bright embodiment.
The invention provides one kind annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method, waste furnace gas is passed through from exhaust piping
The exhaust gas entrance of heat exchanger is entered in heat exchanger, is carried out with combustion air to be heated in heat exchanger tube after heat exchange, then
Waste gas outlet through heat exchanger is output in exhaust piping.The annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method is at least
Comprise the following steps：
The first step, detection obtain the first measured value into the parameter of the waste furnace gas before the exhaust gas entrance of heat exchanger.
The parameter for the waste furnace gas that second step, detection are exported from the waste gas outlet of heat exchanger, obtains the second measured value.
3rd step, compare first measured value and second measured value measured, judged to exchange heat according to comparative result
Whether pipe has breakage；Or judge whether heat exchanger reaches maintenance criterion according to comparative result.
Wherein, the parameter of detection can be the one, two or three in temperature, pressure and the oxygen content of waste furnace gas；
Can also other can reflect the parameter that waste furnace gas produces change after heat exchanger tube is damaged
Embodiment one
In the present embodiment, the oxygen that the parameter of the waste furnace gas detected in the first step and second step is waste furnace gas contains
Amount, oxygen content refers to the volume ratio shared by oxygen in waste furnace gas.Pass through the waste furnace gas before heat exchanger, general oxygen
Content is in 4% or so (requirement of each stove Control for Oxygen Content is different, and this is sentenced exemplified by 4%).Need to be heated in heat exchanger tube
Combustion air, general oxygen content is 20% or so, more than the oxygen content of waste furnace gas.If the heat exchanger tube of heat exchanger is broken
Damage, then part combustion air can be in the presence of pressure differential from heat exchanger tube leaks into heat exchanger, i.e. the gas of oxygen content 20%
Cognition is mixed into the waste furnace gas of oxygen content 4%, so as to cause the oxygen content of the waste furnace gas exported from waste gas outlet to rise.
By experimental data certification, when the oxygen content of the waste furnace gas of output it is bigger than the oxygen content of the waste furnace gas of input 1% when, can be with
Judge that heat exchanger tube has breakage.And oxygen content difference is bigger, heat exchanger tube is damaged more serious.So in the third step, if second surveys
Value is bigger than the first measured value by more than 1%, that is, the oxygen content of the waste furnace gas exported is bigger than the oxygen content of the waste furnace gas of input
More than 1%, then judge that heat exchanger tube has breakage；Otherwise judge that heat exchanger tube is not damaged.
Embodiment two
In the present embodiment, the parameter of the waste furnace gas detected in the first step and second step is the temperature of waste furnace gas
Degree.By the waste furnace gas before heat exchanger, (temperature control requirement of each stove is different at 700 DEG C or so for general temperature
And difference, this is sentenced exemplified by 700 DEG C).If the heat exchanger tube of heat exchanger is damaged, part combustion air can pressure differential work
Under from heat exchanger tube leaks into heat exchanger, i.e., the combustion air of normal temperature can be mixed into the waste furnace gas of 700 DEG C of high temperature, from
And cause the abnormal reduction of temperature of waste furnace gas exported from waste gas outlet.Heat exchanger tube is unbroken under normal circumstances, heat
Waste furnace gas in exchanger gives up by the heat exchange with heat exchanger tube, temperature meeting decrease to some degree, but the stove of input
The temperature difference of gas and the waste furnace gas of output can stablize in a range of normal value that (normal temperature approach can be by normal condition
Under experimental data obtain), if the temperature difference breaks through the scope of the normal value, that is, illustrate that heat exchanger tube has breakage.So the 3rd
In step, if the first measured value is bigger than the second measured value more than 15 °, judge that heat exchanger tube has breakage；Otherwise heat exchanger tube is judged not
It is damaged.
Embodiment three
In the present embodiment, the parameter of the waste furnace gas detected in the first step is the oxygen content and temperature of waste furnace gas；The
One measured value includes the first oxygen content value and the first temperature value.The parameter of the waste furnace gas detected in second step is also waste furnace gas
Oxygen content and temperature；Second measured value includes the second oxygen content value and second temperature value.According to embodiment one and embodiment two
Described in the reason for, if heat exchanger tube is damaged, the temperature difference and oxygen content of the waste furnace gas before and after heat exchanger can be produced
It is raw corresponding to change, in order to increase the reliability of judgement, can detect simultaneously waste furnace gas before and after heat exchanger temperature and
Oxygen content, judges according to the change of the temperature difference and oxygen content.So in the third step, if the first temperature value and second temperature value
Difference increase, while the difference of the second oxygen content value and the first oxygen content value also increases, then judge that heat exchanger tube has breakage；Otherwise
Judge that heat exchanger tube is not damaged.
Example IV
In the present embodiment, the parameter of the waste furnace gas detected in the first step and second step is the pressure of waste furnace gas
Power.Because exhaust piping is connected with air exhauster (exhaust gas fan), the pressure difference produced by air exhauster makes waste furnace gas be handed over by heat
Parallel operation.If the pressure differential of heat exchanger rear and front end is excessive, comparatively heat exchanger tube is easier to damage damaged.Need to make hot friendship
The pressure differential of parallel operation rear and front end keeps certain limit, to reach maintenance criterion.So in the third step, if the first measured value
More than 10mmWC (millimeter of water) bigger than the second measured value, then judge that heat exchanger is not up to maintenance criterion；Otherwise judge that heat is handed over
Parallel operation reaches maintenance criterion.Certainly, can also be detected simultaneously in the first step and second step the temperature of waste furnace gas, pressure and
These parameters of oxygen content, it is comprehensive in the third step to be judged.
Further, above example is in the specific implementation, it is preferred that can be in the useless of the exhaust gas entrance of connection heat exchanger
The first detection hole is opened up in feed channel, corresponding sensor is set in the described first detection hole.The first detection hole and institute
The distance for stating the exhaust gas entrance of heat exchanger is preferably more than 1 meter.And due to exhaust piping and the horizontal stroke of heat exchanger exhaust gas entrance
Sectional area is larger, to obtain more accurately measured value, and the first detection hole is provided with least two, the first inspection described at least two
Side wall circle distribution of the gaging hole along the exhaust piping.First measured value taken and surveyed described at least two at first detection hole
The average value of value.Equally, the second detection hole is opened up on the exhaust piping of the waste gas outlet of connection heat exchanger, described the
Corresponding sensor is set in two detection holes.The second detection hole and the distance of the waste gas outlet of the heat exchanger are no more than
1 meter.Because the cross-sectional area of exhaust piping and heat exchanger waste gas outlet is larger, and if the breaking point of heat exchanger tube is close to waste gas
Outlet and with the test point at waste gas outlet on cross section it is apart from each other, an inspection is set in the position nearer from waste gas outlet
The data that measuring point may react are inaccurate, to obtain more accurately measured value, and the second detection hole is provided with least two, at least
Side wall circle distribution of two the second detection holes along the exhaust piping；Or the second detection hole edge described at least two
The side-wall shaft of the exhaust piping to distribution.As shown in figure 1, along pipeline axially spaced-apart on exhaust piping after waste gas outlet
1 meter to 2 meters of distance sets detection hole B and detection hole C.Second measured value taken and surveyed described at least two at second detection hole
The average value of value.From the above mentioned, the relevant position that the detection of parameter can be directly on exhaust piping sets sensor, because
This, the present invention need not be shut down, it is not necessary to dismantle heat exchanger tube, and whether energy on-line checking heat exchanger tube is damaged.And heat can be monitored on-line
Whether exchanger reaches maintenance criterion.
To carry out letter to the detection method of the present invention according to the data measured by three detections hole A, B, the C set in Fig. 1
Illustrate.F represents waste furnace gas in Fig. 1, and arrow is the flow direction of waste furnace gas；In is the exhaust gas entrance of heat exchanger；out
For the waste gas outlet of heat exchanger；G is exhaust piping；W is exhaust gas fan；H is the combustion air after heating, and arrow is empty for burning
Flow of air direction；C is the combustion air of normal temperature, and arrow is that combustion air flows direction.
Table 1, measurement data one day
| Measurement point | Pressure (mmWC) | Oxygen content (%) | Temperature (DEG C) |
| A | -0.3 | 3.4 | 730 |
| B | -2.0 | 4.2 | 413 |
| C | -4.0 | 8.1 | 315 |
Table 2, space-number measurement data in the future
| Measurement point | Pressure (mmWC) | Oxygen content (%) | Temperature (DEG C) |
| A | -0.3 | 3.7 | 718 |
| B | -1.8 | 4.4 | 407 |
| C | -3.9 | 8.4 | 311 |
Table 1 and table 2 are the data of two different time sections measurements, the measurement point B oxygen content oxygen content than measurement point A point
It is not big by 0.8% and 0.7%, not less than 1%.Measurement point C oxygen content is also no substantially than being measured in table 1 in table 2 simultaneously
Point C raising is a lot.Simultaneously in table 2 in the temperature difference and table 1 of A measurement points and B measurement points A measurement points and B measurement points temperature
Difference is without significant change；The temperature difference of A measurement points and C measurement points is also without significant change in two tables.The number of measurement more than
The heat exchanger tube that can be determined that the heat exchanger according to us is not damaged.If the heat exchanger tube of heat exchanger is damaged, measurement point A and measurement
Point B oxygen content difference increases certainly, and measurement point A and measurement point B temperature difference also increase certainly, and the two results are substantially simultaneously
Occur.
From the above mentioned, the present invention is by the parameter before detecting that waste furnace gas enters heat exchanger, and detection waste furnace gas leads to
Parameter after over-heat-exchanger, the parameter detected is contrasted, so as to judge whether heat exchanger tube has breakage, and
Whether maintenance criterion is reached.The parameter of detection can be one, two or three in temperature, pressure and the oxygen content of waste furnace gas
It is individual；Can also other can reflect the parameter that waste furnace gas produces change after heat exchanger tube is damaged.The detection of parameter can be straight
The relevant position being connected on exhaust piping sets sensor, and therefore, the present invention need not be shut down, it is not necessary to dismantle heat exchanger tube, energy
Whether on-line checking heat exchanger tube is damaged.And can monitor whether heat exchanger reaches maintenance criterion on-line.
Schematical embodiment of the invention is the foregoing is only, the scope of the present invention is not limited to.Specifically
All combinations of illustrated feature are not necessarily the solution that the present invention is limited in embodiment, it is possible to understand that these are added
Construction feature and operations improvement can be used alone or be combined with each other.It will therefore be appreciated that the invention is not restricted to
The combination of any specific feature or element, and any desired combinations of features described here can be carried out without departing from
Protection scope of the present invention, any those skilled in the art is made on the premise of the design of the present invention and principle is not departed from
The equivalent variations gone out and modification, all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method, it is characterised in that the annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchange
Pipe on-line monitoring method at least comprises the following steps：
S1, detection obtain the first measured value into the parameter of the waste furnace gas before the exhaust gas entrance of heat exchanger；
The parameter for the waste furnace gas that S2, detection are exported from the waste gas outlet of heat exchanger, obtains the second measured value；
S3, compare first measured value and second measured value measured, judge whether heat exchanger tube has according to comparative result
It is damaged；Or judge whether heat exchanger reaches maintenance criterion according to comparative result.
2. as claimed in claim 1 annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method, it is characterised in that in step S1 with
And the parameter of the waste furnace gas detected in step S2 is the oxygen content of waste furnace gas；In step s3, if the second measured value
It is bigger than the first measured value by more than 1%, then judge that heat exchanger tube has breakage；Otherwise judge that heat exchanger tube is not damaged.
3. as claimed in claim 1 annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method, it is characterised in that in step S1 with
And the parameter of the waste furnace gas detected in step S2 is the temperature of waste furnace gas；In step s3, if the first measured value ratio
Second measured value is big more than 15 °, then judges that heat exchanger tube has breakage；Otherwise judge that heat exchanger tube is not damaged.
4. as claimed in claim 1 annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method, it is characterised in that in step S1 with
And the parameter of the waste furnace gas detected in step S2 is the oxygen content and temperature of waste furnace gas；First measured value includes the first oxygen
Content value and the first temperature value；Second measured value includes the second oxygen content value and second temperature value；In step s3, if first
Temperature value and the difference of second temperature value increase, while the difference of the second oxygen content value and the first oxygen content value also increases, then sentence
Disconnected heat exchanger tube has breakage；Otherwise judge that heat exchanger tube is not damaged.
5. as claimed in claim 1 annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method, it is characterised in that in step S1 with
And the parameter of the waste furnace gas detected in step S2 is the pressure of waste furnace gas；In step s3, if the first measured value ratio
Big more than the 10mmWC of second measured value, then judge that heat exchanger is not up to maintenance criterion；Otherwise judge that heat exchanger reaches maintenance
Standard.
6. the annealing furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method as any one of claim 1 to 5, its feature exists
In, during implementation steps S1, connection heat exchanger exhaust gas entrance exhaust piping on open up the first detection hole, described first
Detection sets corresponding sensor in hole；During implementation steps S2, opened on the exhaust piping of the waste gas outlet of connection heat exchanger
If the second detection hole, corresponding sensor is set in the described second detection hole.
7. furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method of annealing as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that first inspection
The distance of gaging hole and the exhaust gas entrance of the heat exchanger is no more than 1 meter.
8. furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method of annealing as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that first inspection
Gaging hole is provided with least two, side wall circle distribution of the first detection hole along the exhaust piping described at least two；Described
One measured value takes the average value of measured value at the first detection hole described at least two.
9. furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method of annealing as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that second inspection
The distance of gaging hole and the waste gas outlet of the heat exchanger is no more than 1 meter.
10. furnace heat exchanger heat exchanger tube on-line monitoring method of annealing as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described second
Detect that hole is provided with least two, side wall circle distribution of the second detection hole along the exhaust piping described at least two；Or
Second detects side-wall shaft of the hole along the exhaust piping to distribution described at least two；Second measured value takes at least two
The average value of measured value at the second detection hole.
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