CN106946522A - A kind of shield synchronization slip casting construction material - Google Patents
A kind of shield synchronization slip casting construction material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106946522A CN106946522A CN201710134523.9A CN201710134523A CN106946522A CN 106946522 A CN106946522 A CN 106946522A CN 201710134523 A CN201710134523 A CN 201710134523A CN 106946522 A CN106946522 A CN 106946522A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- construction material
- slip casting
- casting construction
- synchronization slip
- shield
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00663—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filling material for cavities or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00732—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for soil stabilisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of shield synchronization slip casting construction material, by weight, following components is included：200~300 parts of composite Portland cement, 400~600 parts of flyash, 200 50~80 parts of mesh calcium-base bentonites, level matches somebody with somebody 1200~1300 parts of river sand, 0.4~0.6 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.5~3 part of water reducer, 16~24 parts of 0.3~1 part of retarder, 1~3 part of early strength agent and volume stabilizer.Composition and content that the present invention passes through Reasonable adjustment each component, control compression strength, bleeding rate, setting time and the mobility of construction material, so that the presetting period is long, early strength development is fast, it is difficult isolation, volume stability can effectively fill well structure void, prevent tunnel duct piece from floating and deforming；Good fluidity, dispersion resistance is strong, easily transport and long period storage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to constructing tunnel field of material technology, more particularly to a kind of shield synchronization slip casting construction material.
Background technology
During shield tunnel construction, when shield tail deviates from assembled shield duct piece, necessarily cause to serve as a contrast in section of jurisdiction
The structure void between the soil body is built, now needs timely to carry out grouting at the tail of the shield machine, to prevent the pine of shield duct piece surrounding soil
It is dynamic, while strengthening package action of the soil body to shield duct piece liner structure, it is to avoid tunnel segment structure is because lacking necessary effect of elastic resistance
And there is stress raisers phenomenon.Grouting at the tail of the shield machine refers to during shield driving is constructed, after tunnel lining segment is assembled,
While shield tail is deviate from tunnel, under certain grouting pressure, by the appropriate note for having certain early strength and a final strength
Pulp material is inserted in the space after shield tail, after played after its consolidation and sclerosis filling wall after structure void there is provided certain bearing capacity,
The grouting method of stable pipe-plate lining.
The type of grouting at the tail of the shield machine is divided into slip casting afterwards, synchronous grouting, timely slip casting and secondary grouting, wherein to surface subsidence
Control and tunnel upward floating requirement it is relatively strict in the case of it is general use synchronous grouting, secondary grouting is used as supplement measure.I
Most synchronous groutings in state's shield tunnel construction at present are synchronous note single slurries, and synchronous note single slurry exists in construction
Many defects：1st, synchronous note single slurry early strength is low, and the later stage lacks chemical stability, it is easy to isolate, it is impossible to efficiently control
Tunnel departs from the floating after shield tail and keeps the longitudinal stability in tunnel later stage；2nd, single slurry is easily isolated, and is caused to transport, storage
It is difficult.
The content of the invention
Weak point present in regarding to the issue above, the present invention provides a kind of shield synchronization slip casting construction material.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of shield synchronization slip casting construction material, and by weight, the shield is same
Walk mortar depositing construction material and include following components：
As a further improvement on the present invention, the composite Portland cement is 32.5# composite Portland cements.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the level with river sand comprising 0.1~0.2mm, 0.2~0.5mm, 0.5~
1mm, 1~2mm, tetra- kinds of particle diameters river sand；
The river sands of 0.1~0.2mm particle diameters, the river sand of 0.2~0.5mm particle diameters, the river sand of 0.5~1mm particle diameters, 1~2mm
The weight ratio of the river sand in footpath is 0.3:0.25:0.3:0.15.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the viscosity of the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is 20000mPas.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the water reducer be naphthalene water reducer, polycarboxylate water-reducer in one kind or
Both mixtures.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the retarder is one kind in tartaric acid, citric acid.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the early strength agent is one kind in calcium formate, sodium carbonate.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the volume stabilizer is cement expansive material and azodicarbonamide, institute
The weight ratio for stating cement expansive material and azodicarbonamide is (7.7~7.9):(0.1~0.3).
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The invention discloses a kind of shield synchronization slip casting construction material, it is by the composition of Reasonable adjustment each component and contains
Amount, controls compression strength, bleeding rate, setting time and the mobility of construction material so that the presetting period is long, early strength development
It hurry up, be difficult isolation, volume stability can effectively fill well structure void, prevent tunnel duct piece from floating and deforming；Mobility
Good, dispersion resistance is strong, easily transport and long period storage.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the one of the present invention
Section Example, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
The every other embodiment obtained on the premise of going out creative work, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
To solve technical problem present in prior art, a kind of present invention offer presetting period is long, early strength development
It hurry up, be difficult isolation, volume stability is good；Structure void can be effectively filled, prevents tunnel duct piece from floating and deforming；Mobility
Good, dispersion resistance is strong, easily the construction material of transport and long period storage.
The present invention provides a kind of shield synchronization slip casting construction material, by weight, the shield synchronization slip casting construction material
Include following components：
It is preferred that, composite Portland cement is 32.5# composite Portland cements.
It is preferred that, level includes 0.1~0.2mm, 0.2~0.5mm, 0.5~1mm, the river of 1~2mm, tetra- kinds of particle diameters with river sand
Sand；The river sands of 0.1~0.2mm particle diameters, the river sand of 0.2~0.5mm particle diameters, the river sand of 0.5~1mm particle diameters, 1~2mm particle diameters
The weight ratio of river sand is 0.3:0.25:0.3:0.15.
It is preferred that, the viscosity of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is 20000mPas.
It is preferred that, water reducer is the mixture of one or both of naphthalene water reducer, polycarboxylate water-reducer, works as water reducer
For naphthalene water reducer and polycarboxylate water-reducer mixture when, naphthalene water reducer and polycarboxylate water-reducer can carry out arbitrary proportion group
Close.
It is preferred that, retarder is one kind in tartaric acid, citric acid, and early strength agent is one kind in calcium formate, sodium carbonate.
It is preferred that, volume stabilizer is cement expansive material and azodicarbonamide, cement expansive material and azo diformazan
The weight ratio of acid amides is (7.7~7.9):(0.1~0.3).
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to embodiment：
The weight (kg) of each component is as shown in table 1 in various embodiments of the present invention：
Table 1
| Raw material | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 |
| 32.5# composite Portland cements | 200 | 300 | 250 | 250 |
| Flyash | 600 | 400 | 500 | 500 |
| 200 mesh calcium-base bentonites | 80 | 50 | 70 | 70 |
| Level matches somebody with somebody river sand | 1200 | 1300 | 1240 | 1240 |
| Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Water reducer | 3 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.6 |
| Retarder | 0.3 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Early strength agent | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Volume stabilizer | 16 | 24 | 20 | 20 |
| Amount of water | 630 | 623 | 624 | 625 |
In the embodiment above, level includes 0.1~0.2mm, 0.2~0.5mm, 0.5~1mm, tetra- kinds of 1~2mm with river sand
The river sand of particle diameter；The river sands of 0.1~0.2mm particle diameters, the river sand of 0.2~0.5mm particle diameters, the river sand of 0.5~1mm particle diameters, 1~
The weight ratio of the river sand of 2mm particle diameters is 0.3:0.25:0.3:0.15；The viscosity of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is 20000mPas.
Water reducer is naphthalene water reducer in embodiment 1, and water reducer is polycarboxylate water-reducer in embodiment 2,3；Water reducer is in embodiment 4
The mixture of naphthalene water reducer and polycarboxylate water-reducer, naphthalene water reducer is 1.2kg, and polycarboxylate water-reducer is 0.4kg.Retarder
For one kind in tartaric acid, citric acid.Early strength agent is one kind in calcium formate, sodium carbonate.Volume stabilizer is concrete expansion
The ratio of agent and the mixture of azodicarbonamide, cement expansive material and azodicarbonamide is 7.8:0.2.
A kind of preparation method of shield synchronization slip casting construction material of the present invention is：
By the corresponding parts by weight of each component in embodiment 1~4, first level is added in mixing apparatus with river sand, then will
32.5# composite Portland cements, flyash, 200 mesh calcium-base bentonites, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, water reducer, retarder, morning
Strong agent, volume stabilizer add stirring 5 minutes to well mixed.
The present invention takes each 2000g of shield synchronization slip casting construction material of Example 1~4, is separately added into 600g water and is stirring
Mix in machine and stir, then test mortar performance according to method of testing as defined in standard JGJ70-2009.4 embodiment mortars
Physical and chemical index it is as shown in table 2：
Table 2
The shield synchronization slip casting construction material that the present invention is provided is made up of the ratio of Reasonable adjustment river sand, can be effectively increased
The mobility of mortar.The flowing that water reducer effectively facilitates mortar is added simultaneously.Adjust cement, water reducer, early strength agent and coagulant
Content can control the compression strength setting time of construction material so that presetting period length can be stored with the long period, early stage
Strength development is fast.The compound addition of bentonite and cellulose reduces bleeding rate in formula, and dispersion resistance is strong, easily transport；Add
Swelling agent and azodicarbonamide can reduce contraction, increase volume, and volume stability can effectively fill well structure void,
Prevent tunnel duct piece from floating and deforming.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are these are only, are not intended to limit the invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Any modification within the spirit and principles of the invention, being made,
Equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of shield synchronization slip casting construction material, it is characterised in that by weight, the shield synchronization slip casting construction material bag
Containing following components：
2. shield synchronization slip casting construction material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the composite Portland cement is
32.5# composite Portland cements.
3. shield synchronization slip casting construction material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the level with river sand comprising 0.1~
0.2mm, 0.2~0.5mm, 0.5~1mm, the river sand of 1~2mm, tetra- kinds of particle diameters；
The river sands of 0.1~0.2mm particle diameters, the river sand of 0.2~0.5mm particle diameters, the river sand of 0.5~1mm particle diameters, 1~2mm particle diameters
The weight ratio of river sand is 0.3:0.25:0.3:0.15.
4. shield synchronization slip casting construction material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose
Viscosity is 20000mPas.
5. shield synchronization slip casting construction material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the water reducer is naphthalene system diminishing
The mixture of one or both of agent, polycarboxylate water-reducer.
6. shield synchronization slip casting construction material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the retarder is tartaric acid, lemon
One kind in lemon acid.
7. shield synchronization slip casting construction material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the early strength agent is calcium formate, carbon
One kind in sour sodium.
8. shield synchronization slip casting construction material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the volume stabilizer is concrete
Swelling agent and azodicarbonamide, the weight ratio of the cement expansive material and azodicarbonamide is (7.7~7.9)：(0.1
~0.3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710134523.9A CN106946522B (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2017-03-08 | Shield synchronous grouting construction material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710134523.9A CN106946522B (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2017-03-08 | Shield synchronous grouting construction material |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106946522A true CN106946522A (en) | 2017-07-14 |
| CN106946522B CN106946522B (en) | 2020-04-07 |
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Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107512862A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-12-26 | 中交武汉港湾工程设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of special tackifier of shield synchronization slip casting material |
| CN107522441A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-29 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | A kind of cement composition and prepare its method |
| CN107555868A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-01-09 | 中交武汉港湾工程设计研究院有限公司 | Mortar is filled after a kind of foundation for laid pipe |
| CN107686300A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2018-02-13 | 攀枝花市吉源科技有限责任公司 | Microdilatancy grout material is used in a kind of tunnel-liner filling |
| CN107698226A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-02-16 | 合诚工程咨询集团股份有限公司 | A kind of cement-silicate injecting paste material |
| CN107827422A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-23 | 罗斌 | High waterproof simultaneous grouting slurry for seabed shield tunnel |
| CN107902994A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-13 | 河海大学 | A kind of early-strength shield grouting behind shaft or drift lining formula |
| CN108298912A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-07-20 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | The preparation method of synchronous grouting concrete and synchronous grouting concrete |
| CN108751873A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-06 | 河南省建筑科学研究院有限公司 | The shield machine synchronous grouting material and preparation method thereof of fine powder is recycled containing building waste |
| CN110183189A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-30 | 西南交通大学 | Presetting period controllable shield water resistant dispersion simultaneous grouting slurry and preparation method |
| CN110255988A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-20 | 山东宏禹工程科技有限公司 | A kind of synchronous grouting material of foam improvement |
| CN110424970A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-11-08 | 安徽省交通航务工程有限公司 | A method of viaduct bridge pier formation shield tunnel is worn sticking shield side in texture stratum again |
| CN110498633A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-26 | 中交武汉港湾工程设计研究院有限公司 | Shield synchronization slip casting Material cladding additive |
| CN111170700A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-05-19 | 广东龙湖科技股份有限公司 | Uniform non-bleeding micro-expansion shield synchronous grouting material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111305855A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-19 | 河海大学 | Method for manufacturing fluidized backfill by using earth pressure balance shield muck |
| CN111470817A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-07-31 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Light slurry for shield synchronous grouting |
| CN112592138A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-02 | 中铁十局集团有限公司 | Single-component active synchronous mortar with controllable setting time and preparation method thereof |
| CN114213084A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-22 | 中国海洋大学 | Water-rich soft soil high-pressure large-diameter shield synchronous single-liquid grouting slurry, process and application |
| CN117602880A (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2024-02-27 | 中流砥柱(广州)新材料有限公司 | Shield mortar |
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Cited By (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107686300A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2018-02-13 | 攀枝花市吉源科技有限责任公司 | Microdilatancy grout material is used in a kind of tunnel-liner filling |
| CN107512862A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-12-26 | 中交武汉港湾工程设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of special tackifier of shield synchronization slip casting material |
| CN107555868A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-01-09 | 中交武汉港湾工程设计研究院有限公司 | Mortar is filled after a kind of foundation for laid pipe |
| CN107522441A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-29 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | A kind of cement composition and prepare its method |
| CN107698226A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-02-16 | 合诚工程咨询集团股份有限公司 | A kind of cement-silicate injecting paste material |
| CN107827422A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-23 | 罗斌 | High waterproof simultaneous grouting slurry for seabed shield tunnel |
| CN107902994B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2020-10-30 | 河海大学 | Early-strength shield wall-grouting material |
| CN107902994A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-13 | 河海大学 | A kind of early-strength shield grouting behind shaft or drift lining formula |
| CN108298912A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-07-20 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | The preparation method of synchronous grouting concrete and synchronous grouting concrete |
| CN108751873A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-06 | 河南省建筑科学研究院有限公司 | The shield machine synchronous grouting material and preparation method thereof of fine powder is recycled containing building waste |
| CN110183189A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-30 | 西南交通大学 | Presetting period controllable shield water resistant dispersion simultaneous grouting slurry and preparation method |
| CN110255988A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-20 | 山东宏禹工程科技有限公司 | A kind of synchronous grouting material of foam improvement |
| CN110424970A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-11-08 | 安徽省交通航务工程有限公司 | A method of viaduct bridge pier formation shield tunnel is worn sticking shield side in texture stratum again |
| CN110498633A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-26 | 中交武汉港湾工程设计研究院有限公司 | Shield synchronization slip casting Material cladding additive |
| CN110498633B (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2021-09-10 | 中交武汉港湾工程设计研究院有限公司 | Composite additive for shield synchronous grouting material |
| CN111305855A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-19 | 河海大学 | Method for manufacturing fluidized backfill by using earth pressure balance shield muck |
| CN111170700A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-05-19 | 广东龙湖科技股份有限公司 | Uniform non-bleeding micro-expansion shield synchronous grouting material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111470817A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-07-31 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Light slurry for shield synchronous grouting |
| CN111170700B (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2022-03-15 | 广东龙湖科技股份有限公司 | Uniform non-bleeding micro-expansion shield synchronous grouting material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112592138A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-02 | 中铁十局集团有限公司 | Single-component active synchronous mortar with controllable setting time and preparation method thereof |
| CN112592138B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-07-12 | 中铁十局集团有限公司 | Single-component active synchronous mortar with controllable setting time and preparation method thereof |
| CN114213084A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-22 | 中国海洋大学 | Water-rich soft soil high-pressure large-diameter shield synchronous single-liquid grouting slurry, process and application |
| CN117602880A (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2024-02-27 | 中流砥柱(广州)新材料有限公司 | Shield mortar |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN106946522B (en) | 2020-04-07 |
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