CN106945498A - 支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置 - Google Patents

支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置 Download PDF

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CN106945498A
CN106945498A CN201710193072.6A CN201710193072A CN106945498A CN 106945498 A CN106945498 A CN 106945498A CN 201710193072 A CN201710193072 A CN 201710193072A CN 106945498 A CN106945498 A CN 106945498A
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synchronizer
parking brake
motor
parking
gear
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CN106945498B (zh
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殷建坤
夏承钢
周德龙
张学文
韩永智
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Shanghai Zhongke Shenjiang Electric Vehicle Co Ltd
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Shanghai Zhongke Shenjiang Electric Vehicle Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/08—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation hand actuated
    • B60T7/10—Disposition of hand control
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置，所述的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置包括发动机、手动变速机构、电动机、传动齿轮组和传动轴，其中所述的发动机配置有皮带传动轮系，所述的手动变速机构包括变速输出轴，所述的电动机通过所述的传动齿轮组可选择地与所述的变速输出轴连接；所述的电动机通过所述的传动轴可选择地与所述的皮带传动轮系连接。当手刹释放时，所述的电动机与所述变速输出轴连接以将所述电动机的动力传递到所述变速输出轴上，所述电动机与所述皮带传动轮系之间的动力连接被切断；当所述手刹拉起时，所述电动机与所述变速输出轴之间的动力连接被切断，所述电动机与所述皮带传动轮系连接以使所述发动机驱动所述电动机发电。

Description

支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆驱动及传动技术领域，尤其涉及混合动力领域，具体涉及一种支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置。
背景技术
现有技术中公开了有包括发动机、主离合器、手动变速机构和电动机的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置，其中电动机与变速输出轴连接，因此可以增强动力性，提高燃油经济性，换挡时电动机提供动力补偿，提高了驾驶平顺性及舒适性。但由于驱动电机与变速输出轴通过传动齿轮连接，驻车时电动机不能被发动机驱动发电，因此难以保证蓄电装置的电量平衡。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服上述现有技术中的缺点，提供一种驻车时发动机可以驱动电动机进行发电的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置。
本发明中的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置具体如下：
该支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置，包括发动机、手动变速机构和电动机，其主要特点是，所述的发动机还包括皮带传动轮系，所述的手动变速机构包括变速输出轴，所述的电动机通过手刹的拉起释放状态控制其与所述的变速输出轴连接或与所述的皮带传动轮系连接，所述的手刹拉起，所述的电动机连接到所述的皮带传动轮系；所述的手刹释放，所述的电动机连接到所述的皮带传动轮系。
较佳地，该支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置还包括传动齿轮组和传动轴，且所述的电动机通过所述的传动齿轮组与所述的变速输出轴连接，或所述的电动机通过所述的传动轴与所述的皮带传动轮系连接。
更佳地，该支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置还包括电磁离合器和同步器，所述的电动机和所述的传动轴之间设置有所述的电磁离合器，和/或所述的皮带传动轮系和所述的传动轴之间设置有所述的电磁离合器，所述的同步器安设在所述的变速输出轴上或所述的电动机的输出端，所述的传动齿轮组与所述的变速输出轴通过该同步器实现选择性连接，所述的同步器挂挡，所述的传动齿轮组连接到所述的变速输出轴；所述的同步器挂空挡，所述的传动齿轮组与所述的变速输出轴分离。
尤佳地，所述的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置还包括手动换挡器，所述的同步器由手动换挡器进行操作，且所述的手动换挡器通过拉索与所述的手刹连接，所述的手刹拉起，所述的手动换挡器控制所述的同步器挂空挡；所述的手刹释放，所述的手动换挡器控制所述的同步器挂挡。
甚佳地，所述的同步器上安设有挡位传感器，所述的档位传感器检测该同步器的挂挡状态，且所述的电磁离合器的接合状态由该同步器的挂挡状态进行控制，且所述的同步器挂空挡，所述的电磁离合器接合；所述的同步器挂挡，所述的电磁离合器分离。
尤佳地，所述的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置还包括机电换挡器和手刹位置传感器，所述的手刹位置传感器安装在所述的手刹上，并用以获取该手刹的拉起释放状态，所述的同步器的挂挡状态由该机电换挡器控制，且所述的机电换挡器获取所述的手刹位置传感器检测到的所述的手刹的拉起释放状态，并根据该拉起释放状态控制所述的同步器的挂挡状态，所述的手刹拉起，所述的机电换挡器控制所述的同步器挂空挡；所述的手刹释放，所述的机电换挡器控制所述的同步器挂挡。
甚佳地，所述的电磁离合器的接合状态也由所述的手刹位置传感器检测到的所述的手刹的拉起释放状态控制，所述的手刹拉起，所述的电磁离合器接合，所述的手刹释放，所述的电磁离合器分离。
甚佳地，所述的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置还包括倒挡齿轮组，所述的倒挡齿轮组与所述的变速输出轴通过所述的同步器实现选择性连接。
较佳地，所述的传动轴位于所述的发动机的背面或前面。
采用本发明中的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置，由于当手刹释放时，所述电动机与所述变速输出轴连接以将所述电动机的动力传递到所述变速输出轴上，所述电动机与所述皮带传动轮系之间的动力连接被切断，当所述手刹拉起时，所述电动机与所述变速输出轴之间的动力连接被切断，所述电动机与所述皮带传动轮系连接以使所述发动机驱动所述电动机发电，因此驻车时电动机也能被发动机驱动发电，因此蓄电装置的电量平衡得以保证。
附图说明
图1是本发明的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置中的第一具体实施例所涉及的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置的结构示意图。
图2是本发明的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置中的第二具体实施例所涉及的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置的结构示意图。
图3是本发明的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置中的第三具体实施例所涉及的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置的结构示意图。
图4是本发明的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置中的第四具体实施例所涉及的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置的结构示意图。
附图标记
100 发动机
10 皮带传动轮系
200 手动变速机构
201 变速输出轴
202 倒挡齿轮组
203 同步器
2031 挡位传感器
204 手动换挡器
206 拉索
207 机电换挡器
300 电动机
400 传动齿轮组；
500 传动轴
600 电磁离合器；
700 手刹
701 手刹位置传感器
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地描述本发明的技术内容，下面结合具体实施例来进行进一步的描述。
为了能够更清楚地理解本发明的技术内容，特举以下实施例详细说明。应理解，实施例仅是用于说明本发明，而不是对本发明的限制。
图1是本发明的第一具体实施例中所涉及的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置的结构示意图。参照图1，该支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置中设置有发动机100，其包括皮带传动轮系10；手动变速机构200，其包括变速输出轴201；该支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置中还设置有电动机300、传动齿轮组400和传动轴500，其中电动机300通过传动齿轮组400可选择性地与变速输出轴201连接；电动机300通过传动轴500可选择性地与皮带传动轮系10连接，具体为：
当手刹700释放时，电动机300与变速输出轴201连接以将电动机300的动力传递到变速输出轴201上，电动机300与皮带传动轮系10之间的动力连接被切断；当手刹700拉起时，电动机300与变速输出轴201之间的动力连接被切断，电动机300与皮带传动轮系10连接以使发动机100驱动电动机300发电。
图2是本发明的第二具体实施例中所涉及的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置的结构示意图。参照图2，支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置还包括：同步器203，同步器203安设在变速输出轴201上，传动齿轮组400通过同步器203可选择性地与变速输出轴201连接。
当电动机300的输出功率或转矩较大时，采用同步器203连接电动机300和变速输出轴201。而如果电动机300的输出功率或转矩较小时，电动机和变速输出轴之间也可采用电磁离合器进行连接，并不以此为限制。同步器203可以设置在变速输出轴201上，也可以设置在电动机300的输出端，并不以此为限制。当同步器203设置在变速输出轴201上时，同步器203可以得到充分的润滑。
在正常行驶时，同步器203使传动齿轮组400与变速输出轴201连接，电动机300的动力可以传递到变速输出轴201上，与发动机100传递到变速输出轴201上的动力一起驱动车轮。驻车发电时，同步器203挂在空挡位置，电动机300与车轮之间的动力联系被切断。
参照图2，支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置还包括电磁离合器600，传动轴500通过电磁离合器600与电动机300连接，和/或传动轴500通过电磁离合器600与皮带传动轮系10连接。在电动机300和皮带传动轮系10之间设置至少一个电磁离合器600，即可以实现电动机300选择性地与皮带传动轮系10进行连接。在传动齿轮组400与变速输出轴201之间的动力联系被切断，且电动机300与皮带传动轮系10之间的动力联系被建立时，发动机100可以驱动电动机300进行发电。如果还希望取消发动机100的起动机，则电动机300也可以起发动机100。
参照图2，同步器203由手动换挡器204进行操作，手动换挡器204通过拉索206与手刹700连接，当手刹700拉起时，同步器203挂空挡，当手刹700释放时，同步器203挂挡。
手刹700与同步器203之间采用机械方式进行连接，因此手动换挡器204可以在常规手动变速机构的基础上简化而得，例如取消选挡机构，其他方式的手动变速机构也是可以的，并不以此为限制。应该指出，同步器203的换挡机构独立于手动变速机构200的选换挡机构，即手动换挡杆SL只直接操纵手动变速机构200的选换挡机构，并不直接操纵同步器203。
在同步器203处安设挡位传感器2031，以检测同步器203的挡位状态，从而将挡位传感器2031检测到的挡位信号送入整车控制器ECU中，判断后控制电磁离合器600接合或分离，从而实现发动机100驱动电动机300发电，或者切断发动机100驱动电动机300之间的动力联系，具体为：当挡位传感器2031检测到同步器203挂空挡时，电磁离合器600接合；当挡位传感器2031检测到同步器203挂挡时，电磁离合器600分离。
图3是本发明的第三具体实施例所涉及的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置的结构示意图。参照图3，同步器203由机电换挡器207进行操作，手刹700安设有手刹位置传感器701，当手刹位置传感器701检测到手刹700拉起时，同步器203挂空挡，当手刹位置传感器701检测到手刹700释放时，同步器203挂挡。
手刹700与同步器203之间不再采用机械连接方式，而是采用线传控制的方式进行换挡。手刹位置传感器701检测的手刹700的位置信号被送入整车控制器ECU中，判断后机电换挡器207进行相应的换挡操作。
当手刹位置传感器701检测到手刹700拉起时，电磁离合器600接合，当手刹位置传感器701检测到手刹700释放时，电磁离合器600分离。
手刹位置传感器701检测到的手刹700的位置信号送入整车控制器ECU中，判断后控制电磁离合器600进行接合或分离，从而实现发动机100驱动电动机300进行发电，或者切断发动机100驱动电动机300之间的动力联系。
应该指出，也可以同时设置手刹位置传感器701和挡位传感器2031，并其检测的信号送入整车控制器ECU中以获得更好的控制性能。
车辆倒车可以通过电动机300的反转电动来实现，但当对于车辆倒车性能有较高的要求，例如要求远距离倒车，则蓄电装置电能可能不足以满足需求，因此还可以设置单独的倒挡。
参照图3，支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置还包括：倒挡齿轮组202，倒挡齿轮组202通过同步器203可选择性地与变速输出轴201连接。倒挡齿轮组202可以与传动齿轮组400相邻设置，通过同步器203就可以实现可选择性地将倒挡齿轮组202或传动齿轮组400与变速输出轴201连接。不常用的倒车挡齿轮组202与常用的传动齿轮组400相邻设置，就可以利用一个同步器203分时将它们与变速输出轴201进行连接，避免增加支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置的复杂性。
倒车时，同步器203使倒挡齿轮组202与变速输出轴201连接，发动机100的动力传递到变速输出轴201上驱动车辆倒车，电动机300的动力也可以通过传动轴500和皮带传动轮系10传递到发动机100的曲轴上后再输出到变速输出轴201上，与发动机100一起驱动车辆倒车。
参照图3所示，倒挡齿轮组202设置在变速机构200的左侧。相应的，传动齿轮组400也在变速机构200的左侧与变速输出轴201进行连接，使得电动机300可以利用的轴向长度增加。当电动机300的功率可以满足车辆纯电行驶模式的需求时，配置较大的蓄电装置并进行外接充电可以进一步降低油耗。
手动变速机构200可以包括四个前进挡位。例如，可以选择常规5挡变速箱的2、3、4和5挡的速比。手动变速机构200加上倒挡齿轮组202和传动齿轮组400的轴向长度与常规变速箱的长度相当，提高车辆适配性。变速机构200也可以具有三个前进挡位，因电动机300的动力补偿功能，挡差可以增大而不至于降低换挡舒适性，但并不以此为限制。
图4是本发明第四具体实施例所涉及的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置的结构示意图。在图1～图3中，传动轴500位于发动机100的背面。在图4中，电动机300布置在靠近车头方向的部位，传动轴500设置在发动机100的前面。传动轴500可以是硬轴，也可以是软轴，当电机300的轴线与皮带传动轮系10中对应的皮带轮的轴线不在同一轴线上时，传动轴500的两端也可以带有万向接头，并不以此为限制。
此外，电动机300和发动机100之间的动力联系实际上有两条支路，两者的转动方向必须协调，为此，传动齿轮组400应该包括偶数个齿轮，如图1所示，传动齿轮组400包括4个相互啮合的传动齿轮，但并不以此为限制。
电动机300选择不同的的功率等级，可以构成不同的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置。例如，电动机300的峰值功率约10kW，电压等级为48Vdc，构成弱混系统，但与常规的BSG电机相比，增加了换挡时的动力补偿功能；电动机300的峰值功率约20kW，电压等级为144Vdc，构成中度混合动力系统；电动机300的峰值功率大于40kW，电压等级为300Vdc，构成了强混系统，当车辆还可以外接充电时，则构成了插充电式混合动力系统。可根据实际的需求选择合适的电动机300的功率等级和电压等级，从而构成合适的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置，但并不以此为限制。
此外，手动换挡杆SL可以设置有EV、R、2、3、4和5挡位，当手动换挡杆SL移动到EV挡时，仅电动机300驱动车辆，实现纯电动行驶模式；当手动换挡杆SL移动到R挡时，通过电动机300的反转驱动车辆实现倒车，或者电动机300的动力传递到皮带传动轮系10后驱动车辆实现倒车；当手动换挡杆SL移动到2、3、4、5挡时，车辆以不同的前进挡行驶。手动换挡杆SL直接操纵2、3、4、5挡，而通过设置在手动换挡杆SL处的挡位传感器将EV和R挡位信号送入整车控制器ECU中，同步器203由手刹700操纵手动换挡器204进行换挡操作，或者由整车控制器ECU控制机电换挡器207进行换挡操作。
采用本发明中的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置，由于当手刹释放时，所述电动机与所述变速输出轴连接以将所述电动机的动力传递到所述变速输出轴上，所述电动机与所述皮带传动轮系之间的动力连接被切断，当所述手刹拉起时，所述电动机与所述变速输出轴之间的动力连接被切断，所述电动机与所述皮带传动轮系连接以使所述发动机驱动所述电动机发电，因此驻车时电动机也能被发动机驱动发电，因此蓄电装置的电量平衡得以保证。
在此说明书中，本发明已参照其特定的实施例作了描述。但是，很显然仍可以作出各种修改和变换而不背离本发明的精神和范围。因此，说明书和附图应被认为是说明性的而非限制性的。

Claims (9)

1.一种支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置，包括发动机、手动变速机构和电动机，其特征在于，所述的发动机还包括皮带传动轮系，所述的手动变速机构包括变速输出轴，所述的电动机通过手刹的拉起释放状态控制其与所述的变速输出轴连接或与所述的皮带传动轮系连接，所述的手刹拉起，所述的电动机连接到所述的皮带传动轮系；所述的手刹释放，所述的电动机连接到所述的皮带传动轮系。
2.根据权利要求1所述的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置，其特征在于，该支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置还包括传动齿轮组和传动轴，且所述的电动机通过所述的传动齿轮组与所述的变速输出轴连接，或所述的电动机通过所述的传动轴与所述的皮带传动轮系连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置，其特征在于，该支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置还包括电磁离合器和同步器，所述的电动机和所述的传动轴之间设置有所述的电磁离合器，和/或所述的皮带传动轮系和所述的传动轴之间设置有所述的电磁离合器，所述的同步器安设在所述的变速输出轴上或所述的电动机的输出端，所述的传动齿轮组与所述的变速输出轴通过该同步器实现选择性连接，所述的同步器挂挡，所述的传动齿轮组连接到所述的变速输出轴；所述的同步器挂空挡，所述的传动齿轮组与所述的变速输出轴分离。
4.根据权利要求3所述的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置，其特征在于，所述的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置还包括手动换挡器，所述的同步器由手动换挡器进行操作，且所述的手动换挡器通过拉索与所述的手刹连接，所述的手刹拉起，所述的手动换挡器控制所述的同步器挂空挡；所述的手刹释放，所述的手动换挡器控制所述的同步器挂挡。
5.根据权利要求4所述的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置，其特征在于，所述的同步器上安设有挡位传感器，所述的档位传感器检测该同步器的挂挡状态，且所述的电磁离合器的接合状态由该同步器的挂挡状态进行控制，且所述的同步器挂空挡，所述的电磁离合器接合；所述的同步器挂挡，所述的电磁离合器分离。
6.根据权利要求3所述的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置，其特征在于，所述的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置还包括机电换挡器和手刹位置传感器，所述的手刹位置传感器安装在所述的手刹上，并用以获取该手刹的拉起释放状态，所述的同步器的挂挡状态由该机电换挡器控制，且所述的机电换挡器获取所述的手刹位置传感器检测到的所述的手刹的拉起释放状态，并根据该拉起释放状态控制所述的同步器的挂挡状态，所述的手刹拉起，所述的机电换挡器控制所述的同步器挂空挡；所述的手刹释放，所述的机电换挡器控制所述的同步器挂挡。
7.根据权利要求6所述的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置，其特征在于，所述的电磁离合器的接合状态也由所述的手刹位置传感器检测到的所述的手刹的拉起释放状态控制，所述的手刹拉起，所述的电磁离合器接合，所述的手刹释放，所述的电磁离合器分离。
8.根据权利要求6所述的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置，其特征在于，所述的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置还包括倒挡齿轮组，所述的倒挡齿轮组与所述的变速输出轴通过所述的同步器实现选择性连接。
9.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的支持驻车发电功能的混合动力装置，其特征在于，所述的传动轴位于所述的发动机的背面或前面。
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