CN106935456A - A kind of helix TWT based on segmentation tandem slow wave system - Google Patents
A kind of helix TWT based on segmentation tandem slow wave system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106935456A CN106935456A CN201710279319.6A CN201710279319A CN106935456A CN 106935456 A CN106935456 A CN 106935456A CN 201710279319 A CN201710279319 A CN 201710279319A CN 106935456 A CN106935456 A CN 106935456A
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- slow
- wave
- wave structure
- helix twt
- helix
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
- H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
- H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
- H01J23/26—Helical slow-wave structures; Adjustment therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2223/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J2225/00
- H01J2223/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
- H01J2223/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
- H01J2223/26—Helical slow-wave structures; Adjustment therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2225/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. Klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
- H01J2225/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of helix TWT based on segmentation tandem slow wave system, the helix TWT includes：Electron gun, slow wave system, focusing system and collector, the slow wave system includes at least two sections slow-wave structures of tandem coupling, each section of slow-wave structure includes input coupler, helix and output coupler respectively, the present invention can be on a travelling-wave tubes, by the series connection of two or more slow-wave structure, a bandwidth of operation for travelling-wave tubes is widened, realized a travelling-wave tubes multifrequency, multiple spot work, whole machine manufacturing cost and use cost is reduced simultaneously, overall dimensions are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vacuum microwave field of electronic devices.More particularly, to one kind based on segmentation tandem slow wave system
The helix TWT of system.
Background technology
Travelling-wave tubes is a kind of kinetic energy energy transducer, is noted by electronics and microwave signal carries out energy exchange to realize that microwave is believed
Number amplification, this energy conversion could only realize in electronics note speed and microwave signal spread speed under conditions of.
The spread speed of microwave signal is close to the light velocity in free space, it is therefore necessary to take measures to slow down the spread speed of microwave, institute
The method of use is microwave signal is transmitted along slow wave line, so that the speed of electronics note is close to carry out the micro- of energy exchange with it
The speed of ripple signal.So-called slow wave line is exactly along electronics note direction of motion coiling in the shape of a spiral in travelling-wave tubes electron gun
Helix, conventional tungsten filament or molybdenum filament are made, and are still widely used in so far in travelling-wave tubes design, and its outstanding advantages is bandwidth.
Helix is a kind of weak dispersion slow-wave structure, and its circuit ripple phase velocity is varied less with frequency.Travelling-wave tubes is different according to working band,
Have broadband and arrowband point.And broad-band TWT is divided into different frequency range, such as 2-6GHz, 6- according to the amount of bandwidth of work
18GHz, 18-40GHz etc..In the prior art, the work that can be realized in the frequency band of 1.5-2 octaves is loaded by metal tab
Make.
Travelling-wave tubes is in structure including electron gun, slow wave system, focusing system and part etc. collector.Wherein, slow wave system
System includes input coupler, helix and output coupler.The effect of electron gun is to form the electronics note for meeting design requirement.It is poly-
Burnt system makes electronics note shape needed for holding, it is ensured that electronics note passes through slow wave circuit, and effective phase occurs with microwave field
Mutually use, finally receiving electronics by collector notes.Microwave signal to be amplified enters slow wave circuit through input coupler, and along slow
Wave circuit is advanced.The microwave signal of input sets up faint electromagnetic field in slow wave circuit, and electronics note enters slow wave circuit interaction
After with area, the velocity modulation of microwave field is first subjected to.Electronics gradually forms density modulation when moving forward.It is most of
Electron bunching is in decelerating field, and electronics is long in the decelerating field holdup time.Therefore some conversion of electronics note kinetic energy
It is microwave field energy, is amplified microwave signal.Microwave signal after amplification delivers to load by output coupler.
As shown in figure 1, existing helix TWT is all by electron gun 11, slow-wave structure 12, a focusing system 13
With the composition of collector 14, usual only one of which operating voltage realizes the work in frequency band.In machine system requirement multifrequency
In the case of band work, the general working method using the multiple travelling-wave tubes of setting in whole machine.This working method is needed to this
Multiple travelling-wave tubes are powered respectively, and need to be respectively configured a set of power supply and input and output coupled systemes for each travelling-wave tubes
System, system is more expensive to manufacture, system bulk is larger.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a kind of slow wave system, may be implemented in multifrequency, the multiple spot work on a travelling-wave tubes, reduce many
The manufacturing cost of frequency band, multi signal travelling-wave tubes signal amplifying system, reduces the volume of system.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of helix TWT based on tandem slow wave system, to provide a kind of tool
There are multiple working bands, the travelling-wave tubes that can simultaneously amplify to multiple signals, reduce multiband, multi signal travelling-wave tubes signal and amplify system
The manufacturing cost and system bulk of system.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
The invention discloses a kind of helix TWT based on segmentation tandem slow wave system, the helix TWT bag
Include：Electron gun, slow wave system, focusing system and collector, it is characterised in that
The slow wave system includes at least two sections slow-wave structures of tandem coupling, and each section of slow-wave structure includes input respectively
Coupler, helix and output coupler.
Preferably, between the helix TWT further includes to be located at adjacent two sections of slow-wave structures, for modulating electronics note
Transition region.
Preferably, the transition region includes magnetic field modulation transition region, and the magnetic field intensity of transition region notes the direction of motion along electronics
Increase.
Preferably, the transition region includes the external electrode for introducing the voltage accelerated to electronics note.
Preferably, in adjacent two sections of slow-wave structures, near electron gun side slow-wave structure working frequency be higher than away from
The working frequency of the slow-wave structure of electron gun side.
Preferably, the electron beam channel radius near the slow-wave structure of electron gun side is less than away from the slow of electron gun side
The electron beam channel radius of wave structure.
Preferably, each section of input coupler and output coupler of slow-wave structure be respectively with this work of slow-wave structure frequently
Rate matches.Preferably, the slow-wave structure includes the first paragraph slow-wave structure and second segment slow-wave structure of tandem coupling；
The first paragraph slow-wave structure is located near electron gun side, for amplifying high-frequency signal；
The second segment slow-wave structure is used to amplify low frequency signal.
Preferably, the input coupler of each section of slow-wave structure is input into microwave signal at the same time or separately.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
The present invention proposes a kind of helix TWT for being segmented tandem high-frequency structure, on a travelling-wave tubes, passes through
The series connection of the travelling-wave tube slow-wave structure of two or more working band, has widened a bandwidth of operation for travelling-wave tubes, realizes one
Travelling-wave tubes multifrequency, multiple spot work.The slow-wave structure that travelling-wave tubes of the invention passes through integrated multiple different frequency bands, realizes existing
There is the function that must be realized using multiple travelling-wave tubes in technology, by reducing the usage quantity of negative electrode usage quantity and collector,
Multiband, the manufacturing cost and volume of multi signal travelling-wave tubes signal amplifying system are considerably reduced, while reducing whole mechanism
Make and use cost, can effectively reduce package size.
Brief description of the drawings
Specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of existing travelling-wave tubes.
Fig. 2 shows that a kind of structure of the helix TWT embodiment one based on segmentation tandem slow wave system of the present invention is shown
It is intended to.
Fig. 3 shows a kind of first paragraph of the helix TWT embodiment one based on segmentation tandem slow wave system of the present invention
The structural representation of slow-wave structure.
Fig. 4 shows a kind of second segment of the helix TWT embodiment one based on segmentation tandem slow wave system of the present invention
The structural representation of slow-wave structure.
Fig. 5 shows that a kind of structure of the helix TWT embodiment two based on segmentation tandem slow wave system of the present invention is shown
It is intended to.
Reference：
11st, electron gun, 12, slow-wave structure, 13, focusing system, 14, collector；
21st, electron gun, 22, slow wave system, 23, focusing system, 24, collector, 010, first paragraph slow-wave structure, 020,
Two sections of slow-wave structures, 011, the input coupler of first paragraph slow-wave structure, 012, the helix of first paragraph slow-wave structure, 013,
One section of output coupler of slow-wave structure, 021, the input coupler of second segment slow-wave structure, 022, second segment slow-wave structure
Helix, 023, the output coupler of second segment slow-wave structure；
31st, electron gun, 32, slow wave system, 33, collector, 34, external electrode, 35, First Transition area, the 36, second transition
Area, 321, first paragraph slow-wave structure, 322, second segment slow-wave structure.
Specific embodiment
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, the present invention is done further with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings
It is bright.Similar part is indicated with identical reference in accompanying drawing.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that institute is specific below
The content of description is illustrative and be not restrictive, and should not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, it is a kind of helix TWT based on segmentation tandem slow wave system of the present invention
One specific embodiment, the helix TWT includes：Electron gun 21, slow wave system 22, focusing system 23 and collector 24.Its
In, slow wave system 22 includes two sections of first paragraph slow-wave structures 010 and second segment slow-wave structure 020, Mei Yiduan of tandem coupling
Slow-wave structure is respectively including input coupler 011,021, helix 012,022 and output coupler 013,023, the input coupling
The working frequency of clutch and output coupler preferably respectively with this section of slow-wave structure matches.Electron gun 21 can be used to form symbol
The electronics note of job requirement is closed, slow wave system 22 is used to be amplified the signal in two different frequency bands respectively or two are believed
Number simultaneously be amplified, focusing system 23 be used for keep electronics note contraction shape, it is ensured that electronics note can pass through slow wave
System is simultaneously interacted with signal to be amplified, and collector 24 is used to receive electronics note.
Between the helix TWT of the present embodiment further includes to be located at adjacent two sections of slow-wave structures, for modulating electronics note
Transition region 25.The transition region 25 is preferably magnetic field modulation transition region, can be by the incomplete same magnetic system of multiple such as sizes
System composition, the magnetic field intensity that magnetic system is produced changes from weak to strong along the electronics note direction of motion, can be used to make electronics note convergence, so that
Electronics note can pass through each section of slow-wave structure afterwards, reach collector 24.The setting of transition region 25 is also used for connection first
Section slow-wave structure 010 and second segment slow-wave structure 020, the structural transition of the slow-wave structure being of coupled connections as two sections of tandems
Area.
In helix TWT, the channel radius of electronics note are in inverse ratio, frequency with this section of working frequency of slow-wave structure
Higher, channel radius are smaller, and frequency is lower, and channel radius are bigger.For two sections of slow waves of the helix TWT of the present embodiment
Structure, the working frequency for being arranged close to the first paragraph slow-wave structure 010 of the side of electron gun 21 is higher than away from the side of electron gun 21
The working frequency of second segment slow-wave structure 020, the channel radius near the first paragraph slow-wave structure 010 of the side of electron gun 21 are less than
Away from the channel radius of the second segment slow-wave structure 020 of the side of electron gun 21 so that small-bore, working frequency it is high one
Interacting the diverging electronics for finishing in section slow-wave structure can be more easily by the low slow wave knot of rear end large aperture, working frequency
Structure, finally reaches collector 24.As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, it is tandem is of coupled connections in the present embodiment first paragraph slow-wave structure
010 and second segment slow-wave structure 020.Wherein, the first paragraph slow-wave structure 010 is located near the side of electron gun 21, be can be used for
Amplify the microwave signal in high band frequency band, the second segment slow-wave structure 020 can be used to amplify the microwave in low-frequency range frequency band
Signal.
The helix TWT of the present embodiment at work, when needing to be amplified the signal in high frequency band, is enabled
The first paragraph slow-wave structure 010 of travelling-wave tubes is operated.For travelling-wave tubes is powered, noted by the launching electronics of electron gun 21, note electronics
By first paragraph slow-wave structure 010.First paragraph slow-wave structure 010 is input into high frequency to be amplified and believes by its input coupler 011
Number.High-frequency signal to be amplified enters the region of helix 012 of slow-wave structure through input coupler 011, along the row of helix 012
Enter, and faint electromagnetic field is set up in slow-wave structure.The electronics note of the transmitting of electron gun 21 enters into slow-wave structure interaction
Qu Hou, the velocity modulation of the electromagnetic field produced by high-frequency signal, electronics note gradually forms density modulation when continuing and moving, greatly
Part electron bunching is in the decelerating field produced with electromagnetic field effect, and electronics is long in the time that decelerating field is detained, therefore
Some is converted into the energy of electromagnetic field to the kinetic energy of electronics note, is amplified high-frequency signal, the high-frequency signal warp after amplification
Cross the output of output coupler 013 to load.And the complete electronics note of energy exchange is reached and collected by second segment slow-wave structure 020
Pole 24.At this moment second segment slow-wave structure 020 is only used as changeover portion and uses, and is noted by the magnetic field modulation electronics of focusing system 23 and ensures electricity
Son note passes through second segment slow-wave structure 020 and reaches collector 24.
When needing to be amplified the signal in low-frequency band, the second segment slow-wave structure 020 for enabling travelling-wave tubes carries out work
Make.Now first paragraph slow-wave structure 010 is used as transition region 25, the first paragraph slow-wave structure 010, ensures that electronics note can be without hair
Scattered arrival second segment slow-wave structure 020.Second segment slow-wave structure 020 is input into low frequency signal by its input coupler 021, makes low
Frequency signal produces electromagnetic field, and the electronics note transmitted with first paragraph slow-wave structure 010 is interacted and energy exchange, so that
Amplify low frequency signal, and the low frequency signal after amplification is exported to negative through the output coupler 023 of second segment slow-wave structure 020
Carry.Electronics note is received by collector 24.Therefore, helix TWT of the invention can respectively pass through first paragraph slow-wave structure 010
High-frequency signal and low frequency signal are amplified with second segment slow-wave structure 020, so as to realize a two-band work for travelling-wave tubes
Make.Slow wave system 22 is expanded to the working band of travelling-wave tubes that can be according to actual needs the slow wave knot of multi-stage series formula coupling
Structure, it is considered to which electronics note uses the transmitting case of the velocity of electrons and electronics when finishing in one section of slow-wave structure with signal cross talk, must
Will when increase transition region carry out electronics note modulation.It is appreciated that those skilled in the art as needed can design slow wave system
It is to include three sections or more section slow-wave structures.It is each slow when slow wave system includes the slow-wave structure that more than three sections tandems are coupled
Wave structure can be amplified to input signal simultaneously, or can select some of which slow-wave structure to input signal as needed
It is amplified.
Embodiment two
As shown in figure 5, for a kind of helix TWT based on segmentation tandem slow wave system 32 of the present invention another
Specific embodiment, the present embodiment and adjacent two sections of slow wave knots that the difference of embodiment one is helix TWT in the present embodiment
External electrode 34 is provided between structure, external electrode 34 is used to introduce the voltage for accelerating electronics note, so that the spiral
Line travelling-wave tubes can meet the demand of multiple operating voltages, and electronics note is carried out repeatedly to accelerate to meet each section of slow-wave structure to electricity
The requirement of son note initial velocity, realizes that multiple spot works.When being not provided with external electricity between adjacent two sections of slow-wave structures of helix TWT
During pole 34 or when external electrode 34 does not introduce voltage, helix TWT carries out single-point work, i.e., electronics note is carried out once adding
Speed.The external electrode 34 may be disposed in transition region, it is preferred that one also can be set before or after the external electrode 34
Individual magnetic field modulation transition region, in the present embodiment, a magnetic field modulation transition is respectively provided with before and after the external electrode 34
Area, the i.e. transition region 36 of First Transition area 35 and second.
Travelling-wave tubes introduces external electrode 34 by transition region in the present embodiment, and the is respectively provided with before and after the external electrode 34
One magnetic field transition region 35 and the second magnetic field transition region 36, are collectively forming transition region.The operating voltage of travelling-wave tubes is electronics is noted speed
The voltage with microwave signal along slow wave line spread speed when synchronous is spent, general travelling-wave tubes operating voltage only one of which, the present invention draws
A concept for travelling-wave tubes multiple spot work is entered, i.e., one travelling-wave tubes there are multiple operating voltages.Under the first operating voltage, first
Section slow-wave structure 321 accelerates to electronics note, and is interacted with signal.Then, electronics note is by transition region and the
Two sections of focusing systems of slow-wave structure 322 re-modulate electronics note, note electronics and smoothly reach collector 33.At this moment travelling-wave tubes
Operating point is the operating voltage of first paragraph slow-wave structure 321.When needing to accelerate electronics note using the second operating voltage,
First paragraph slow-wave structure 321 ensures that electronics note can reach external electricity by first paragraph slow-wave structure 321 and First Transition area 35
Pole 34.External electrode 34 introduces the second operating voltage and carries out secondary acceleration to electronics note, notes electronics and reaches second segment slow wave knot
The initial velocity of the electronics note that structure 322 needs.Electronics is noted again by the modulation of the second transition region 36, into second segment slow-wave structure
322, the input signal introduced with second segment slow-wave structure 322 is interacted, and finally reaches collector 33.Second segment slow wave
Structure 322 exports the signal after amplifying by output coupler.It should be noted that when the introducing between adjacent two sections of slow-wave structures
During external electrode 34, one section of working frequency of slow-wave structure near the side of electron gun 31 can be set and is less than away from electron gun 31 1
One section of slow-wave structure of side.When electronics note is by after one section of slow-wave structure that working frequency is low, electron beam channel radius is big, passing through
The voltage of external electrode 34 is adjusted, electronics note is modulated, working frequency is high, electronics is noted to pass through electronics is noted convergence
One section of small slow-wave structure of channel radius, finally reaches collector 33.Modulated using external electrode 34 or magnetic between radio frequency system
In the case of transition region, travelling-wave tubes can use identical channel radius, to reduce the difficulty of processing of tube shell of traveling wave tube.Can basis
Slow wave system 32 is expanded to the working band of the travelling-wave tubes being actually needed the slow-wave structure of multi-stage series formula coupling, it is considered to electronics
Note uses the transmitting case of the velocity of electrons and electronics when finishing in one section of slow-wave structure with signal cross talk, and transition is increased if necessary
Area carries out the modulation of electronics note and/or introducing external electrode and electronics note is again speeded up.It is appreciated that those skilled in the art can root
According to needs, slow wave system is designed as to include three sections or more section slow-wave structures.When slow wave system includes more than three sections tandems
During the slow-wave structure of coupling, each slow-wave structure can be amplified to input signal simultaneously, or can select therein one as needed
A little slow-wave structures are amplified to input signal.
Other structures are similar with embodiment one in the present embodiment, will not be repeated here.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not right
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the field, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other changes in different forms, all of implementation method cannot be exhaustive here, it is every to belong to this hair
Obvious change that bright technical scheme is extended out changes row still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of based on the helix TWT for being segmented tandem slow wave system, the helix TWT includes：Electron gun, slow wave
System, focusing system and collector, it is characterised in that
The slow wave system includes at least two sections slow-wave structures of tandem coupling, and each section of slow-wave structure includes input coupling respectively
Device, helix and output coupler.
2. helix TWT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the helix TWT further includes to be located at
Transition region between adjacent two sections of slow-wave structures, for modulating electronics note.
3. helix TWT according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the transition region includes magnetic field modulation transition
Area, the magnetic field intensity of transition region increases along the electronics note direction of motion.
4. the helix TWT according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the transition region is included for introducing right
The external electrode of the voltage that electronics note is accelerated.
5. helix TWT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in adjacent two sections of slow-wave structures, near electronics
Working frequency of the working frequency of the slow-wave structure of rifle side higher than the slow-wave structure away from electron gun side.
6. helix TWT according to claim 5, it is characterised in that near the electricity of the slow-wave structure of electron gun side
Electron beam channel radius of the son note channel radius less than the slow-wave structure away from electron gun side.
7. helix TWT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the input coupler of each section of slow-wave structure and defeated
Go out working frequency of the coupler respectively with this section of slow-wave structure to match.
8. helix TWT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the slow-wave structure includes tandem coupling
First paragraph slow-wave structure and second segment slow-wave structure；
The first paragraph slow-wave structure is located near electron gun side, for amplifying high-frequency signal；
The second segment slow-wave structure is used to amplify low frequency signal.
9. helix TWT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each section of input coupler of slow-wave structure is simultaneously
Or microwave signal is input into respectively.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110098097A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-06 | 东南大学 | A kind of microwave and X-ray communication bimodulus device based on travelling-wave tubes |
| CN110459449A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-15 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of friction speed bielectron note electron gun |
| WO2023216945A1 (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2023-11-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Traveling wave tube, electron gun, and power amplification system |
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| CN206639773U (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-11-14 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | A kind of helix TWT based on segmentation tandem slow wave system |
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| CN110098097A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-06 | 东南大学 | A kind of microwave and X-ray communication bimodulus device based on travelling-wave tubes |
| CN110459449A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-15 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of friction speed bielectron note electron gun |
| WO2023216945A1 (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2023-11-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Traveling wave tube, electron gun, and power amplification system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN106935456B (en) | 2019-01-15 |
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