CN106934086B - Injector design program based on hole-type extraction ion source - Google Patents
Injector design program based on hole-type extraction ion source Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of a design method of a physical structure of a high-power neutral beam injection heating system of a magnetic confinement fusion device, and particularly relates to a conceptual design analysis program package of a neutral beam injection heating system injector in a magnetic confinement fusion project. The basic layout and size of the injector core components are adjusted through a human-computer interaction interface compiled by a script language, and parameters such as geometric layout parameters, beam power transmission efficiency, component interception beam power and the like necessary for injector design are analyzed and calculated according to input parameters. The program interfaces are all directly written by a scripting language, the operation is simple, only Matlab needs to be operated, NBIcao is input in a command window, the first program operation interface appears after an Enter key is pressed, and other program operation interfaces are given by command buttons arranged on the interfaces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of a design method of a physical structure of a high-power Neutral Beam Injection (NBI) heating system of a magnetic confinement fusion device, and particularly relates to a conceptual design analysis program package of a Neutral Beam Injection (NBI) heating system injector in a magnetic confinement fusion project.
Background
Neutral Beam Implantation (NBI) is one of the most effective methods to increase ion or electron temperature for heating magnetically confined plasmas, while NBI is also used to drive plasma current and control plasma performance. NBI injector development needs to be matched with magnetic confinement experimental setup and its experimental requirements, with different setups requiring different NBI injectors to be designed. The injector design mainly includes: the method comprises the following steps of selection of injection parameters, analysis and calculation of geometric arrangement, numerical simulation of parts, analysis of injector machining process, conceptual design and engineering design of an injector. The Chinese circulator HL-2A device is being upgraded and modified, 3 new NBI beam lines need to be developed according to the physical target of the upgraded and modified Chinese circulator HL-2M device, and the power of each NBI heating beam line reaches 5 MW.
The NBI heating system injector of the Chinese circulator HL-1M device was introduced from Russia, and the NBI heating experiment was unsuccessful due to the mismatch between the injector and the device. The NBI heating beam line injector of the Chinese circulator HL-2A device is introduced from the research institute of IPP in Germany and is specially developed for a host machine of the Chinese circulator HL-2A device, and the NBI heating beam line is matched with the host machine, so that a plurality of front-edge physical results are obtained under the NBI heating condition. It is important how to design NBI heating beam line injectors that match the corresponding device structure and physical experimental goals. The method comprises the steps of firstly, systematically considering the peripheral space condition of a magnetic confinement fusion experimental device, the NBI injection window size, the plasma size and the plasma density, and determining the basic parameters of an NBI heating beam line, the beam geometric size, the particle energy, the beam power and the neutralization efficiency.
In order to match the new injector designed with the corresponding tokamak apparatus, such as the chinese circulator HL-2A, the chinese circulator HL-2M tokamak apparatus, it is necessary to develop an injector design program based on a hole-type extraction ion source, which is applied to the design of the injector in the magnetic confinement fusion apparatus.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an injector design program based on a hole-type extraction ion source, which provides an analysis and calculation program package for an injector which is a core device for designing neutral beam injection heating beam lines in terms of layout and concept of Tokamak devices such as HL-2A and HL-2M.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an injector design program based on a hole-type extraction ion source is applied to design of an injector in a magnetic confinement fusion device and comprises the following aspects:
(1) interface design
The human-machine interface module of the injector design program comprises 4 interfaces: NBI injection window and electrode hole distribution calculation interface, plasma generator and extraction beam component analysis interface, hole extraction 4 ion source beam geometry calculation program interface, injector key component geometry analysis interface;
the 4 interfaces are all written by a script language, and each interface respectively comprises a parameter input area, a parameter output area and a graphic display area; calculating according to the input parameters in the parameter input area to obtain the output parameters of the parameter output area;
(2) NBI injection window and electrode hole distribution calculation interface
(2.1) basic region of interface
(2.1.1) in the interface, the graphical display area comprises three parts, respectively:
a schematic hole distribution diagram of a water-cooled extraction electrode designed by HL-2M;
a schematic hole distribution diagram of a non-water-cooled extraction electrode of HL-2A;
a schematic of the geometry of the NBI injection window for HL-2M; in the geometry map of the NBI implantation window of HL-2M, the geometry parameters include implantation angle, beam width, tilt angle, capture length;
(2.1.2) the parameter input area comprises three parts, which are respectively:
designing initial geometric parameters of a water-cooled extraction electrode of HL-2M: the size of the lead-out current, the initial transparency of the electrode, the initial density of the lead-out current, the shape of the electrode, the horizontal radius of the electrode, the radius of an electrode hole, the diameter of a water-cooling pipe and the arrangement direction of the water-cooling pipe;
initial geometric parameters of the non-water-cooled extraction electrode of HL-2A: leading-out current, electrode transparency, leading-out area, electrode hole radius, leading-out electrode radius and electrode hole distance;
basic engineering design parameters of HL-2M: a radius of an inner wall of the tokamak device, a radius of an outer wall of the tokamak device, a large radius of the tokamak device, a small radius of the tokamak device, a depth of the NBI implantation window, a tilt angle of the NBI implantation window, a plasma density of the tokamak device, a TF coil width, a width of the NBI implantation window, a tilt angle of the NBI beam, an NBI energy, a number of TF coils, a window angle, a type of the NBI beam;
(2.1.3) the parameter output area comprises two parts, which are respectively:
the HL-2M design water-cooled extraction electrode has the following geometrical parameters for analysis and calculation: the area of the extraction electrode, the half height of the extraction electrode, the number of electrode holes in the horizontal direction, the transparency of the electrode, the electrode hole distance in the vertical direction, the electrode hole distance in the horizontal direction, the number of electrode holes in the half height direction, the beam density and the total number of holes;
feasibility parameters of NBI heating System for HL-2M: NBI injection angle, maximum NBI beam width, distance between plasma boundary to plasma center along the injection direction, trapping length, distance between injection window boundary to plasma center, relative coordinates of the injection window in the tokomak device;
(2.2) contact button between the interface and other interfaces
Inputting a main program name in a script language program, entering a first running interface of the program, namely an NBI injection window and an electrode hole distribution calculation interface, giving other three running interfaces through command buttons arranged on the NBI injection window and the electrode hole distribution calculation interface, and setting a return button in all other three running interfaces to return to the first running interface; the three command buttons are respectively a plasma generator and an extracted beam component analysis interface button, an orifice extraction 4 ion source beam geometric calculation program interface button and an injector key component geometric analysis interface button;
(3) procedure calculation flow
(3.1) calculating feasibility parameters of the HL-2M NBI heating system of the right output area and corresponding graphic display thereof according to the basic engineering design parameters of HL-2M in the parameter input area in the NBI injection window and the electrode hole distribution calculation interface;
(3.2) calculating the geometric parameters for analyzing and calculating the designed water-cooled extraction electrode according to the initial geometric parameters of the HL-2M designed water-cooled extraction electrode in the parameter input area in the NBI injection window and the electrode hole distribution calculation interface and the initial geometric parameters of the non-water-cooled extraction electrode in the HL-2A, and the hole distribution schematic diagram of the corresponding designed water-cooled extraction electrode and the hole distribution schematic diagram of the non-water-cooled extraction electrode in the graphic display area;
(3.3) in the NBI injection window and electrode hole distribution calculation interface, entering a plasma generator and an outgoing beam component analysis interface by clicking a plasma generator and outgoing beam component analysis interface button;
(3.4) the plasma generator and the extracted beam component analysis interface comprise a parameter input area, a parameter output area and a graphic display area;
(3.4.1) the parameter input area comprises two parts, respectively:
left input area, including ion source initial design parameters: leading-out voltage, arc discharge efficiency, magnetic pole magnetic field intensity of the inner wall of the discharge chamber, width of a magnetic pole gap to be cut, depth of the discharge chamber, filament gap of the discharge chamber, diameter of a filament, initial electron temperature of plasma, initial ion temperature of the plasma and plasma density of the discharge chamber;
right input area, including air target thickness and NBI beam parameters: ion energy of NBI beam, thickness of neutral gas target, proportion of H1 in plasma, proportion of H2 in plasma, thickness of gas target of drift tube, and different hydrogen group pattern output selection parameters;
(3.4.2) the parameter output region includes two parts, respectively:
left output region, including ion source actual output parameters: the device comprises a discharge chamber, a plasma source, a filament parallel resistance at 0 ℃ and 3000K, a filament current and a plasma proton ratio, wherein the cavity width of the discharge chamber in the horizontal direction, the height of the discharge chamber in the vertical direction, the number of secant magnetic poles, the cavity volume of the discharge chamber, the volume of a plasma, the inner wall area of the cavity of the discharge chamber, the magnetic pole loss area, the number of filaments, the ion loss area, the ion source outgoing beam density, the discharge current, the outgoing beam power;
right output region, including beam composition and neutralization efficiency parameters: the proportion of all-round H1 atoms, the proportion of all-round H2 molecules, the proportion of half-round H1 atoms, the proportion of one-third energy H1 atoms, the proportion of two-thirds energy H2 molecules and the neutralization efficiency; the proportion of total-energy H1 ions, the proportion of total-energy H2, the proportion of total-energy H3 ions, the proportion of half-energy H1 ions, the proportion of one-third-energy H1 ions and the proportion of two-thirds-energy H2;
(3.4.3) the graphical display area comprises four parts, respectively:
the plasma density is corresponding to the relationship diagram of the proton ratio;
a schematic of the proportions of the neutral gas target thickness and ionic composition for different hydrogen groups;
a graph of corresponding neutralization efficiencies at different neutralization gas target thicknesses;
corresponding reionization loss diagrams at different drift tube gas target thicknesses;
(3.5) in an NBI injection window and an electrode hole distribution calculation interface, two buttons are used for clicking an ion source beam geometry calculation program interface of an H2-M water-cooled extraction electrode to be designed and clicking an ion source beam geometry calculation program interface of an H2-A non-water-cooled extraction electrode to be designed;
(3.5.1) clicking an ion source beam geometry calculation program interface button entering a water-cooled extraction electrode of H2-M to be designed in an NBI injection window and electrode hole distribution calculation interface
(3.5.1.1) in the ion source beam geometry calculation program interface of the water-cooled extraction electrode of H2-M that needs to be designed: the parameter input area is used for inputting NBI parameters: the divergence angle of the aperture beam of 4 ion sources, the total beam power, the layout parameters of the ion sources and the distance parameters between the position to be calculated and the longitudinal position of the ion source leading-out surface;
the parameter output area is used for outputting NBI parameters: total beam divergence angle, 1/e half width, maximum power density position of 4 ion sources; maximum power density, horizontal focal length and vertical focal length of a total of 4 ion sources;
a graphic display area: a beam power profile for each ion source; a total beam power distribution diagram for 4 ion sources;
(3.5.1.2) in the ion source beam geometry calculation program interface of the H2-M water-cooled extraction electrode needing to be designed, entering the injector key component geometry analysis interface by clicking the injector key component geometry analysis interface button;
in an injector critical part geometry analysis interface, the parameter input area comprises two parts:
general NBI beam parameter input area: comprises the beam current, the beam energy, the divergence angle of the small-hole extraction beam, the ion type and the ion proportion;
parameter input area of key component: the device comprises a neutralization chamber, a deflection magnet, a beam edge scraper, a calorimetric target and geometric parameters of an injection drift pipeline;
the parameter output area is the geometric parameters, output power and loss power proportion of different key components;
the graph display area is a schematic diagram of beam power density distribution of different key components;
(3.5.2) clicking an ion source beam geometry calculation program interface button entering a H2-A non-water-cooling extraction electrode to be designed in an NBI injection window and an electrode hole distribution calculation interface;
(3.5.2.1) in the ion source beam geometry calculation program interface for the non-water-cooled extraction electrode of H2-A, design required: the parameter input area is used for inputting NBI parameters: the divergence angle of the aperture beam of 4 ion sources, the total beam power, the layout parameters of the ion sources and the distance parameters between the position to be calculated and the longitudinal position of the ion source leading-out surface;
the parameter output area is used for outputting NBI parameters: total beam divergence angle, 1/e half width, maximum power density position of 4 ion sources; maximum power density, horizontal focal length and vertical focal length of a total of 4 ion sources;
a graphic display area: a beam power profile for each ion source; a total beam power distribution diagram for 4 ion sources;
(3.5.2.2) in the ion source beam geometry calculation program interface of the H2-A non-water-cooling extraction electrode needing to be designed, entering the injector key component geometry analysis interface by clicking an injector key component geometry analysis interface button;
in an injector critical part geometry analysis interface, the parameter input area comprises two parts:
general NBI beam parameter input area: comprises the beam current, the beam energy, the divergence angle of the small-hole extraction beam, the ion type and the ion proportion;
parameter input area of key component: the device comprises a neutralization chamber, a deflection magnet, a beam edge scraper, a calorimetric target and geometric parameters of an injection drift pipeline;
the parameter output area comprises geometric parameters, output power and loss power ratio of different key components.
Further, in an injector design program based on a hole type extraction ion source as described above, 4 interfaces are written in the scripting language Matlab.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) after experimental results verify, the program package is used for completing the preliminary concept design and the core component layout of the 1 st 5MW-NBI heating beam line NB injector of the HL-2M device, and basic data is provided for the final injector development.
(2) The program can be directly used for designing NBI heating beam line core equipment of other large and medium-sized Tokamak experimental devices in a conceptual mode, comprises a barrel type hot cathode ion source, and can also be used for designing a diagnostic neutral beam injector of a magnetic confinement experimental device in a conceptual mode.
(3) After the physical model is converted by expanding the particles of the high-energy negative ion beam in neutral gas, the program can be used for the conceptual design of the NBI heating beam line core equipment of the future fusion engineering experimental reactor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a NBI extraction electrode and injection window interface;
FIG. 2 is a plasma generator and extracted beam compositional analysis interface;
FIG. 3 is a program interface for geometry calculation of an ion source beam for an aperture extraction 4;
figure 4 is an injector critical parts geometry analysis interface.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained in detail by the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The invention relates to an injector design program based on a hole-type extraction ion source, which is applied to the design of an injector in a magnetic confinement fusion device and comprises the following aspects:
(1) interface design
The human-machine interface module of the injector design program comprises 4 interfaces: NBI injection window and electrode hole distribution calculation interface, plasma generator and extraction beam component analysis interface, hole extraction 4 ion source beam geometry calculation program interface, injector key component geometry analysis interface;
the 4 interfaces are all written by a script language, and each interface respectively comprises a parameter input area, a parameter output area and a graphic display area; calculating according to the input parameters in the parameter input area to obtain the output parameters of the parameter output area;
in this embodiment, the development platform is MATLANB platform, and NBI engineering analysis and calculation programs including a window geometry planning program, an extraction electrode distribution calculation program, an ion source calculation program, a beam composition and neutralization efficiency calculation program, a beam geometry layout, a power density distribution calculation, and an analysis and calculation program of injector main components are programmed using a scripting language.
And adjusting the basic layout and size of the core components of the injector through a human-computer interaction interface compiled by an MATLAB script language, and analyzing and calculating parameters such as geometric layout parameters, beam power transmission efficiency, component interception beam power and the like necessary for the design of the injector according to input parameters. And according to the design result, combining ANSYS and CST software to complete the conceptual design of the injector.
The program interfaces are all directly written by scripting languages, the operation is very simple, only Matlab needs to be operated, then NBIcao is input in a command window, the first program operation interface appears after an Enter key is pressed, namely an NBI injection window and an electrode hole distribution calculation interface, the functional interface is divided into three parts, namely a parameter input area, a parameter output area and a graphic display area, and other program operation interfaces are given by command buttons arranged on the interfaces.
(2) NBI injection window and electrode hole distribution calculation interface
(2.1) basic region of interface
(2.1.1) in the interface, the graphical display area comprises three parts, respectively:
a schematic hole distribution diagram of a water-cooled extraction electrode designed by HL-2M;
a schematic hole distribution diagram of a non-water-cooled extraction electrode of HL-2A;
a schematic of the geometry of the NBI injection window for HL-2M; in the geometry map of the NBI implantation window of HL-2M, the geometry parameters include implantation angle, beam width, tilt angle, capture length;
(2.1.2) the parameter input area comprises three parts, which are respectively:
designing initial geometric parameters of a water-cooled extraction electrode of HL-2M: the size of the lead-out current, the initial transparency of the electrode, the initial density of the lead-out current, the shape of the electrode, the horizontal radius of the electrode, the radius of an electrode hole, the diameter of a water-cooling pipe and the arrangement direction of the water-cooling pipe;
initial geometric parameters of the non-water-cooled extraction electrode of HL-2A: leading-out current, electrode transparency, leading-out area, electrode hole radius, leading-out electrode radius and electrode hole distance;
basic engineering design parameters of HL-2M: a radius of an inner wall of the tokamak device, a radius of an outer wall of the tokamak device, a large radius of the tokamak device, a small radius of the tokamak device, a depth of the NBI implantation window, a tilt angle of the NBI implantation window, a plasma density of the tokamak device, a TF coil width, a width of the NBI implantation window, a tilt angle of the NBI beam, an NBI energy, a number of TF coils, a window angle, a type of the NBI beam;
(2.1.3) the parameter output area comprises two parts, which are respectively:
the HL-2M design water-cooled extraction electrode has the following geometrical parameters for analysis and calculation: the area of the extraction electrode, the half height of the extraction electrode, the number of electrode holes in the horizontal direction, the transparency of the electrode, the electrode hole distance in the vertical direction, the electrode hole distance in the horizontal direction, the number of electrode holes in the half height direction, the beam density and the total number of holes;
feasibility parameters of NBI heating System for HL-2M: NBI injection angle, maximum NBI beam width, distance between plasma boundary to plasma center along the injection direction, trapping length, distance between injection window boundary to plasma center, relative coordinates of the injection window in the tokomak device;
(2.2) contact button between the interface and other interfaces
Inputting a main program name in a script language program, entering a first running interface of the program, namely an NBI injection window and an electrode hole distribution calculation interface, giving other three running interfaces through command buttons arranged on the NBI injection window and the electrode hole distribution calculation interface, and setting a return button in all other three running interfaces to return to the first running interface; the three command buttons are respectively a plasma generator and an extracted beam component analysis interface button, an orifice extraction 4 ion source beam geometric calculation program interface button and an injector key component geometric analysis interface button;
(3) procedure calculation flow
(3.1) calculating feasibility parameters of the HL-2M NBI heating system of the right output area and corresponding graphic display thereof according to the basic engineering design parameters of HL-2M in the parameter input area in the NBI injection window and the electrode hole distribution calculation interface;
(3.2) calculating the geometric parameters for analyzing and calculating the designed water-cooled extraction electrode according to the initial geometric parameters of the HL-2M designed water-cooled extraction electrode in the parameter input area in the NBI injection window and the electrode hole distribution calculation interface and the initial geometric parameters of the non-water-cooled extraction electrode in the HL-2A, and the hole distribution schematic diagram of the corresponding designed water-cooled extraction electrode and the hole distribution schematic diagram of the non-water-cooled extraction electrode in the graphic display area;
(3.3) in the NBI injection window and electrode hole distribution calculation interface, entering a plasma generator and an outgoing beam component analysis interface by clicking a plasma generator and outgoing beam component analysis interface button;
(3.4) the plasma generator and the extracted beam component analysis interface comprise a parameter input area, a parameter output area and a graphic display area;
(3.4.1) the parameter input area comprises two parts, respectively:
left input area, including ion source initial design parameters: leading-out voltage, arc discharge efficiency, magnetic pole magnetic field intensity of the inner wall of the discharge chamber, width of a magnetic pole gap to be cut, depth of the discharge chamber, filament gap of the discharge chamber, diameter of a filament, initial electron temperature of plasma, initial ion temperature of the plasma and plasma density of the discharge chamber;
right input area, including air target thickness and NBI beam parameters: ion energy of NBI beam, thickness of neutral gas target, proportion of H1 in plasma, proportion of H2 in plasma, thickness of gas target of drift tube, and different hydrogen group pattern output selection parameters;
(3.4.2) the parameter output region includes two parts, respectively:
left output region, including ion source actual output parameters: the device comprises a discharge chamber, a plasma source, a filament parallel resistance at 0 ℃ and 3000K, a filament current and a plasma proton ratio, wherein the cavity width of the discharge chamber in the horizontal direction, the height of the discharge chamber in the vertical direction, the number of secant magnetic poles, the cavity volume of the discharge chamber, the volume of a plasma, the inner wall area of the cavity of the discharge chamber, the magnetic pole loss area, the number of filaments, the ion loss area, the ion source outgoing beam density, the discharge current, the outgoing beam power;
right output region, including beam composition and neutralization efficiency parameters: the proportion of all-round H1 atoms, the proportion of all-round H2 molecules, the proportion of half-round H1 atoms, the proportion of one-third energy H1 atoms, the proportion of two-thirds energy H2 molecules and the neutralization efficiency; the proportion of total-energy H1 ions, the proportion of total-energy H2, the proportion of total-energy H3 ions, the proportion of half-energy H1 ions, the proportion of one-third-energy H1 ions and the proportion of two-thirds-energy H2;
(3.4.3) the graphical display area comprises four parts, respectively:
the plasma density is corresponding to the relationship diagram of the proton ratio;
a schematic of the proportions of the neutral gas target thickness and ionic composition for different hydrogen groups;
a graph of corresponding neutralization efficiencies at different neutralization gas target thicknesses;
corresponding reionization loss diagrams at different drift tube gas target thicknesses;
(3.5) in an NBI injection window and an electrode hole distribution calculation interface, two buttons are used for clicking an ion source beam geometry calculation program interface of an H2-M water-cooled extraction electrode to be designed and clicking an ion source beam geometry calculation program interface of an H2-A non-water-cooled extraction electrode to be designed;
(3.5.1) clicking an ion source beam geometry calculation program interface button entering a water-cooled extraction electrode of H2-M to be designed in an NBI injection window and electrode hole distribution calculation interface
(3.5.1.1) in the ion source beam geometry calculation program interface of the water-cooled extraction electrode of H2-M that needs to be designed: the parameter input area is used for inputting NBI parameters: the divergence angle of the aperture beam of 4 ion sources, the total beam power, the layout parameters of the ion sources and the distance parameters between the position to be calculated and the longitudinal position of the ion source leading-out surface;
the parameter output area is used for outputting NBI parameters: total beam divergence angle, 1/e half width, maximum power density position of 4 ion sources; maximum power density, horizontal focal length and vertical focal length of a total of 4 ion sources;
a graphic display area: a beam power profile for each ion source; a total beam power distribution diagram for 4 ion sources;
(3.5.1.2) in the ion source beam geometry calculation program interface of the H2-M water-cooled extraction electrode needing to be designed, entering the injector key component geometry analysis interface by clicking the injector key component geometry analysis interface button;
in an injector critical part geometry analysis interface, the parameter input area comprises two parts:
general NBI beam parameter input area: comprises the beam current, the beam energy, the divergence angle of the small-hole extraction beam, the ion type and the ion proportion;
parameter input area of key component: the device comprises a neutralization chamber, a deflection magnet, a beam edge scraper, a calorimetric target and geometric parameters of an injection drift pipeline;
the parameter output area is the geometric parameters, output power and loss power proportion of different key components;
the graph display area is a schematic diagram of beam power density distribution of different key components;
(3.5.2) clicking an ion source beam geometry calculation program interface button entering a H2-A non-water-cooling extraction electrode to be designed in an NBI injection window and an electrode hole distribution calculation interface;
(3.5.2.1) in the ion source beam geometry calculation program interface for the non-water-cooled extraction electrode of H2-A, design required: the parameter input area is used for inputting NBI parameters: the divergence angle of the aperture beam of 4 ion sources, the total beam power, the layout parameters of the ion sources and the distance parameters between the position to be calculated and the longitudinal position of the ion source leading-out surface;
the parameter output area is used for outputting NBI parameters: total beam divergence angle, 1/e half width, maximum power density position of 4 ion sources; maximum power density, horizontal focal length and vertical focal length of a total of 4 ion sources;
a graphic display area: a beam power profile for each ion source; a total beam power distribution diagram for 4 ion sources;
(3.5.2.2) in the ion source beam geometry calculation program interface of the H2-A non-water-cooling extraction electrode needing to be designed, entering the injector key component geometry analysis interface by clicking an injector key component geometry analysis interface button;
in an injector critical part geometry analysis interface, the parameter input area comprises two parts:
general NBI beam parameter input area: comprises the beam current, the beam energy, the divergence angle of the small-hole extraction beam, the ion type and the ion proportion;
parameter input area of key component: the device comprises a neutralization chamber, a deflection magnet, a beam edge scraper, a calorimetric target and geometric parameters of an injection drift pipeline;
the parameter output area comprises geometric parameters, output power and loss power ratio of different key components.
The whole program calculation process comprises ① firstly calculating NBI injection window corresponding to geometrical parameters of the Tokamak device, wherein the window data provides reference data for an ion source extraction area, and comprises beam width, beam capture length, injection angle and the like, ② calculates hole distribution of a hole type extraction electrode according to the extraction parameters, ③ calculates power density distribution of a beam according to the hole distribution, and calculates discharge parameters and beam proton ratio of a plasma generator, ④ calculates neutralization efficiency and beam component ratio of the beam according to the proton ratio of a source extraction beam, ⑤ calculates beam power density distribution at any position along the injection direction, ⑥ calculates geometrical parameters, beam power density and beam power capture ratio of main parts of the injector, and calculates a neutralization pipeline, short pulse magnet deflection, long pulse calorimetric target (transient caloric target), a front scraper, caloric target (inertial caloric target), a rear scraper and an injection drift pipeline sequentially.
From the program function, the program takes a geometric algorithm as a core, and the electrode hole distribution, the ion source geometric structure, the injection window planning, the beam neutralization and beam composition, the beam power density distribution and the structural analysis of the main parts of the injector of the ion source are analyzed and calculated. Although the program does not involve an in-depth physical model, including electromagnetic property issues such as optimization of the magnetic configuration of the ion source, beam deflection of the deflecting magnets, ion swallowers, injector vacuum properties, and fluid heat exchange issues, the program contains almost all of the data of interest in injector conceptual design, particularly geometric layout, beam geometry optics, etc.
In the NBI extraction electrode and injection window interface shown in fig. 1, the left side is the electrode hole distribution calculation, the middle is the electrode hole distribution display region (the upper part is the designed electrode hole distribution, the lower part is the NBI ion source extraction electrode null distribution of the HL-2A apparatus), and the right side is the NBI injection window calculation and graphic display region of the tokamak apparatus. The corresponding command buttons are given in the interface.
FIG. 2 is a plasma generator and extracted beam compositional analysis interface; and clicking an Arc Source button at the lower left corner of an electrode parameter output area in the electrode hole distribution calculation and injection window planning interface to output a plasma generator and an outgoing beam component analysis interface. The left half of the interface is the plasma generator operating interface, and the right half is the particle composition operating interface. In addition, a return button is placed on the interface, and the interface returns to the NBI extraction electrode and injection window interface when the button is clicked. In the interface, the left side is a magnetic potential structure plasma generator analysis and calculation area, and the right side is a neutral gas target particle conversion characteristic analysis area.
FIG. 3 is a program interface for geometry calculation of an ion source beam for an aperture extraction 4; and clicking a button HL _2MBeamline or HL _2ABeamline in an NBI extraction electrode and injection window interface to enter a hole to extract a 4-ion source beam geometric calculation program interface, wherein the interface mainly analyzes beam parameters such as geometric layout, beam power distribution, beam width and the like of 4 beams corresponding to the ion source extraction electrode. The pattern area does not fully display the 1-dimensional beam power distribution of the 4 ion source extraction beams, limited by the interface space. The graph shown in the graph area has 7 subgraphs, the two subgraphs at the bottom left are the x-direction and y-direction beam power density distributions of the 1# ion source extraction beam at the corresponding longitudinal position z, and the other 1-dimensional graphs are the x-direction beam power distributions of the 2#, 3# and 4# ion source extraction beams respectively. The upper image on the right side of the interface is a 3-dimensional beam power density curved surface image of the geometric convergent beam, the lower image is a contour diagram, and the value of the contour line needs to be given by a movable mouse. A PLOT button in the lower right corner of the interface is used to display the 3-dimensional beam power density surface PLOT and contour PLOT of the geometric convergent beam alone. Two buttons are placed in the upper right hand corner of the interface, the top button Return is the button that returns to the ion source electrode hole distribution calculation and injection window planning interface, and the button Comp … below the Return button is the interface for entering the injector critical components geometry analysis.
Claims (2)
1. A design method of an injector based on a hole-type extraction ion source is applied to the design of the injector in a magnetic confinement fusion device and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) interface design
The human-machine interface module of the injector design program comprises 4 interfaces: NBI injection window and electrode hole distribution calculation interface, plasma generator and extraction beam component analysis interface, hole extraction 4 ion source beam geometry calculation program interface, injector key component geometry analysis interface;
the 4 interfaces are all written by a script language, and each interface respectively comprises a parameter input area, a parameter output area and a graphic display area; calculating according to the input parameters in the parameter input area to obtain the output parameters of the parameter output area;
(2) NBI injection window and electrode hole distribution calculation interface
(2.1) basic region of interface
(2.1.1) in the NBI injection window and electrode hole distribution calculation interface, the graphical display area comprises three parts, which are:
a schematic hole distribution diagram of a water-cooled extraction electrode designed by HL-2M;
a schematic hole distribution diagram of a non-water-cooled extraction electrode of HL-2A;
a schematic of the geometry of the NBI injection window for HL-2M; in the geometry map of the NBI implantation window of HL-2M, the geometry parameters include implantation angle, beam width, tilt angle, capture length;
(2.1.2) the parameter input area comprises three parts, which are respectively:
designing initial geometric parameters of a water-cooled extraction electrode of HL-2M: the size of the lead-out current, the initial transparency of the electrode, the initial density of the lead-out current, the shape of the electrode, the horizontal radius of the electrode, the radius of an electrode hole, the diameter of a water-cooling pipe and the arrangement direction of the water-cooling pipe;
initial geometric parameters of the non-water-cooled extraction electrode of HL-2A: leading-out current, electrode transparency, leading-out area, electrode hole radius, leading-out electrode radius and electrode hole distance;
basic engineering design parameters of HL-2M: a radius of an inner wall of the tokamak device, a radius of an outer wall of the tokamak device, a large radius of the tokamak device, a small radius of the tokamak device, a depth of the NBI implantation window, a tilt angle of the NBI implantation window, a plasma density of the tokamak device, a TF coil width, a width of the NBI implantation window, a tilt angle of the NBI beam, an NBI energy, a number of TF coils, a window angle, a type of the NBI beam;
(2.1.3) the parameter output area comprises two parts, which are respectively:
the HL-2M design water-cooled extraction electrode has the following geometrical parameters for analysis and calculation: the area of the extraction electrode, the half height of the extraction electrode, the number of electrode holes in the horizontal direction, the transparency of the electrode, the electrode hole distance in the vertical direction, the electrode hole distance in the horizontal direction, the number of electrode holes in the half height direction, the beam density and the total number of holes;
feasibility parameters of NBI heating System for HL-2M: NBI injection angle, maximum NBI beam width, distance between plasma boundary to plasma center along the injection direction, trapping length, distance between injection window boundary to plasma center, relative coordinates of the injection window in the tokomak device;
(2.2) connection button between NBI injection window and electrode hole distribution calculation interface and plasma generator and extraction beam composition analysis interface, hole extraction 4 ion source beam geometry calculation program interface, injector key component geometry analysis interface
Inputting a main program name in a script language program, entering a first running interface of the program, namely an NBI injection window and an electrode hole distribution calculation interface, giving other three running interfaces through command buttons arranged on the NBI injection window and the electrode hole distribution calculation interface, and setting a return button in all other three running interfaces to return to the first running interface; the three command buttons are respectively a plasma generator and an extracted beam component analysis interface button, an orifice extraction 4 ion source beam geometric calculation program interface button and an injector key component geometric analysis interface button;
(3) procedure calculation flow
(3.1) calculating feasibility parameters of the HL-2M NBI heating system of the right output area and corresponding graphic display thereof according to the basic engineering design parameters of HL-2M in the parameter input area in the NBI injection window and the electrode hole distribution calculation interface;
(3.2) calculating the geometric parameters for analyzing and calculating the designed water-cooled extraction electrode according to the initial geometric parameters of the HL-2M designed water-cooled extraction electrode in the parameter input area in the NBI injection window and the electrode hole distribution calculation interface and the initial geometric parameters of the non-water-cooled extraction electrode in the HL-2A, and the hole distribution schematic diagram of the corresponding designed water-cooled extraction electrode and the hole distribution schematic diagram of the non-water-cooled extraction electrode in the graphic display area;
(3.3) in the NBI injection window and electrode hole distribution calculation interface, entering a plasma generator and an outgoing beam component analysis interface by clicking a plasma generator and outgoing beam component analysis interface button;
(3.4) the plasma generator and the extracted beam component analysis interface comprise a parameter input area, a parameter output area and a graphic display area;
(3.4.1) the parameter input area comprises two parts, respectively:
left input area, including ion source initial design parameters: leading-out voltage, arc discharge efficiency, magnetic pole magnetic field intensity of the inner wall of the discharge chamber, width of a magnetic pole gap to be cut, depth of the discharge chamber, filament gap of the discharge chamber, diameter of a filament, initial electron temperature of plasma, initial ion temperature of the plasma and plasma density of the discharge chamber;
right input area, including air target thickness and NBI beam parameters: ion energy of NBI beam, thickness of neutral gas target, proportion of H1 in plasma, proportion of H2 in plasma, thickness of gas target of drift tube, and different hydrogen group pattern output selection parameters;
(3.4.2) the parameter output region includes two parts, respectively:
left output region, including ion source actual output parameters: the device comprises a discharge chamber, a plasma source, a filament parallel resistance at 0 ℃ and 3000K, a filament current and a plasma proton ratio, wherein the cavity width of the discharge chamber in the horizontal direction, the height of the discharge chamber in the vertical direction, the number of secant magnetic poles, the cavity volume of the discharge chamber, the volume of a plasma, the inner wall area of the cavity of the discharge chamber, the magnetic pole loss area, the number of filaments, the ion loss area, the ion source outgoing beam density, the discharge current, the outgoing beam power;
right output region, including beam composition and neutralization efficiency parameters: the proportion of all-round H1 atoms, the proportion of all-round H2 molecules, the proportion of half-round H1 atoms, the proportion of one-third energy H1 atoms, the proportion of two-thirds energy H2 molecules and the neutralization efficiency; the proportion of total-energy H1 ions, the proportion of total-energy H2, the proportion of total-energy H3 ions, the proportion of half-energy H1 ions, the proportion of one-third-energy H1 ions and the proportion of two-thirds-energy H2;
(3.4.3) the graphical display area comprises four parts, respectively:
the plasma density is corresponding to the relationship diagram of the proton ratio;
a schematic of the proportions of the neutral gas target thickness and ionic composition for different hydrogen groups;
a graph of corresponding neutralization efficiencies at different neutralization gas target thicknesses;
corresponding reionization loss diagrams at different drift tube gas target thicknesses;
(3.5) in an NBI injection window and an electrode hole distribution calculation interface, two buttons are used for clicking an ion source beam geometry calculation program interface of an H2-M water-cooled extraction electrode to be designed and clicking an ion source beam geometry calculation program interface of an H2-A non-water-cooled extraction electrode to be designed;
(3.5.1) clicking an ion source beam geometry calculation program interface button entering a water-cooled extraction electrode of H2-M to be designed in an NBI injection window and electrode hole distribution calculation interface
(3.5.1.1) in the ion source beam geometry calculation program interface of the water-cooled extraction electrode of H2-M that needs to be designed: the parameter input area is used for inputting NBI parameters: the divergence angle of the aperture beam of 4 ion sources, the total beam power, the layout parameters of the ion sources and the distance parameters between the position to be calculated and the longitudinal position of the ion source leading-out surface;
the parameter output area is used for outputting NBI parameters: total beam divergence angle, 1/e half width, maximum power density position of 4 ion sources; maximum power density, horizontal focal length and vertical focal length of a total of 4 ion sources;
a graphic display area: a beam power profile for each ion source; a total beam power distribution diagram for 4 ion sources;
(3.5.1.2) in the ion source beam geometry calculation program interface of the H2-M water-cooled extraction electrode needing to be designed, entering the injector key component geometry analysis interface by clicking the injector key component geometry analysis interface button;
in an injector critical part geometry analysis interface, the parameter input area comprises two parts:
general NBI beam parameter input area: comprises the beam current, the beam energy, the divergence angle of the small-hole extraction beam, the ion type and the ion proportion;
parameter input area of key component: the device comprises a neutralization chamber, a deflection magnet, a beam edge scraper, a calorimetric target and geometric parameters of an injection drift pipeline;
the parameter output area is the geometric parameters, output power and loss power proportion of different key components;
the graph display area is a schematic diagram of beam power density distribution of different key components;
(3.5.2) clicking an ion source beam geometry calculation program interface button entering a H2-A non-water-cooling extraction electrode to be designed in an NBI injection window and an electrode hole distribution calculation interface;
(3.5.2.1) in the ion source beam geometry calculation program interface for the non-water-cooled extraction electrode of H2-A, design required: the parameter input area is used for inputting NBI parameters: the divergence angle of the aperture beam of 4 ion sources, the total beam power, the layout parameters of the ion sources and the distance parameters between the position to be calculated and the longitudinal position of the ion source leading-out surface;
the parameter output area is used for outputting NBI parameters: total beam divergence angle, 1/e half width, maximum power density position of 4 ion sources; maximum power density, horizontal focal length and vertical focal length of a total of 4 ion sources;
a graphic display area: a beam power profile for each ion source; a total beam power distribution diagram for 4 ion sources;
(3.5.2.2) in the ion source beam geometry calculation program interface of the H2-A non-water-cooling extraction electrode needing to be designed, entering the injector key component geometry analysis interface by clicking an injector key component geometry analysis interface button;
in an injector critical part geometry analysis interface, the parameter input area comprises two parts:
general NBI beam parameter input area: comprises the beam current, the beam energy, the divergence angle of the small-hole extraction beam, the ion type and the ion proportion;
parameter input area of key component: the device comprises a neutralization chamber, a deflection magnet, a beam edge scraper, a calorimetric target and geometric parameters of an injection drift pipeline;
the parameter output area comprises geometric parameters, output power and loss power ratio of different key components.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the design of the implanter is based on a hole-type extraction ion source, and the design method comprises the following steps: the 4 interfaces are all written by a scripting language Matlab.
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| CN101257944A (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2008-09-03 | 瓦里安半导体设备公司 | Beam neutralization in low-energy high-current ribbon-beam implanters |
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