CN106931953A - A kind of three-dimensional laser scanner monitors the target distribution method of Rockfall hazard - Google Patents
A kind of three-dimensional laser scanner monitors the target distribution method of Rockfall hazard Download PDFInfo
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- CN106931953A CN106931953A CN201710168353.6A CN201710168353A CN106931953A CN 106931953 A CN106931953 A CN 106931953A CN 201710168353 A CN201710168353 A CN 201710168353A CN 106931953 A CN106931953 A CN 106931953A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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Abstract
The invention provides the target distribution method that a kind of three-dimensional laser scanner monitors Rockfall hazard, comprise the following steps：Step 1) determination of slump scope；Step 2）Target efficiency is classified；Step 3）Target is laid.The target distribution method that this three-dimensional laser scanner for providing monitors Rockfall hazard is invented, observation can be repeated cyclically, single-point and massive point cloud are implemented in combination with by diversification using three-dimensional laser scanning technique, complemented one another.The Reasonable Arrangement of benchmark target can ensure to scan the unification of monitoring criteria and the reliability of precision；The monitoring target single-point achievement of acquisition is combined with cloud data to complement one another so that judging Rockfall hazard deformation tendency, it is ensured that the continuity of Monitoring Result, plays a part of effectively monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to falling and landslide hazards detection technique field, and in particular to a kind of three-dimensional laser scanner monitors slump
The target distribution method of disaster.
Background technology
The monitoring mode such as conventional GNSS or automation total powerstation is layouted difficulty under the pressure of slumped mass deformation destruction Huo Tewei areas
Cannot implement in full, it is difficult to reflect the deformation tendency of slumped mass integration, and incomplete single-point lay judgement easily cause it is right
Practical distortion judges inaccurate or mistake.
Three-dimensional laser scanner can actively launch the laser without contact ground highdensity three-dimensional of quick obtaining target surface
Cloud data, is widely used to various fields or industry, but the application direction difference of different industries and to the data class of demand
Type and required precision are different, thus produce scanner to be related to target cloth between scanning survey station in cloud data acquisition process
If differentiation, particularly with the geological hazard body for having occurred or just changing in occurrence dynamics, because of the calamity that reference precision is high and obtains
The monitoring point cloud in evil body surface face is with strong points, sensitivity is high.
It is exactly target cloth that three-dimensional laser scanner has an important step in geological disaster deformation monitoring operation process
If the main purpose that target is laid is to play the effect of cloud data effectively registration, the overall of cloud data is held in the mouth between realizing survey station
The unification with coordinate system is connect, the target laying especially for the scanner without centering level device is particularly critical.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to need split unknown with conversion and Rockfall hazard body dynamic change according to scanner point cloud
Feature, realizes effective monitoring and the precision reliability of Rockfall hazard, reaches to the whole of Rockfall hazard deformation variable quantity and deformation tendency
Body is evaluated.
Therefore, the invention provides the target distribution method that a kind of three-dimensional laser scanner monitors Rockfall hazard, including with
Lower step：
Step 1) determination of slump scope：The existing topographic map in slump region is collected, Rockfall hazard border is determined；
Step 2）Target efficiency is classified：Target is divided into benchmark target and monitoring target by efficiency, wherein, the benchmark target is consolidated
Surely it is placed in the non-deformed region of slumped mass periphery, is to be swept for three-dimensional laser scanner scan orientation and three-dimensional laser scanner
The positioning and reference mark of data splicing between survey station are retouched, the monitoring target is used to monitor earth's surface change to be placed on slumped mass
The mark of shape；
Step 3）Target is laid：The equal subangle of wholecircle is pressed around three-dimensional laser scanner scanning survey station lay benchmark target, and
Benchmark target is no less than four, and monitoring target is laid by profile method, target laying is monitored on every section and is no less than three, according to
The main sliding direction and sliding scale of slumped mass determine the laying shape of monitoring target, and monitoring mark is determined according to slump force direction
Target installation position and distribution form.
When the main sliding direction and clear and definite sliding scale of slumped mass, monitoring target lays across or criss-cross, works as cunning
When dynamic direction and indefinite sliding scale, monitoring target cloth is arranged to sector.
The slumped mass includes slip mass and collapse body.
When slump force direction is thrust load caused landslide, drop type multifunction or Dumpage type avalanche, monitoring target is laid in and is collapsed
Gliding mass top, when slump force direction is retrogressive landslide, slump formula avalanche, monitoring target is laid under slumped mass
Portion.
When slump active force has two or more direction, the monitoring target is at least wrapped by the laying section that profile method is laid
Horizontal section and longitudinal profile are included, the horizontal section and longitudinal profile are vertical, and monitoring target is vertically symmetrical by middle part
Lay.
When monitoring target and being consistent with slump force direction by the longitudinal profile that profile method is laid, the distribution of target is monitored
Form is symmetrically laid from middle part to both sides.
Bulging tension fissure zone, tension fissure zone in slip mass, shear crack band, and the tension crack at the top of collapse body
Monitoring target is laid in band, maximum tension position, two ends extension bit encryption.
For the big region slumped mass that arrangement two or more scans survey station, a fiducial mark is laid at interval of 300-500m
Target.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
This three-dimensional laser scanner that the present invention is provided monitors the target distribution method of Rockfall hazard, can be repeated cyclically sight
Survey, single-point and massive point cloud are implemented in combination with by diversification using three-dimensional laser scanning technique, complement one another.Benchmark target it is reasonable
Laying can ensure to scan the unification of monitoring criteria and the reliability of precision；The monitoring target single-point achievement of acquisition is combined with cloud data
So that judge Rockfall hazard deformation tendency complementing one another, it is ensured that the continuity of Monitoring Result, play a part of effectively monitoring.
To be described in further details below.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
The target distribution method that a kind of three-dimensional laser scanner monitors Rockfall hazard is present embodiments provided, is comprised the following steps：
Step 1) determination of slump scope：The existing topographic map in slump region is collected, Rockfall hazard border is determined；
Step 2）Target efficiency is classified：Target is divided into benchmark target and monitoring target by efficiency, wherein, the benchmark target is consolidated
Surely it is placed in the non-deformed region of slumped mass periphery, is to be swept for three-dimensional laser scanner scan orientation and three-dimensional laser scanner
The positioning and reference mark of data splicing between survey station are retouched, the monitoring target is used to monitor earth's surface change to be placed on slumped mass
The mark of shape；
Step 3）Target is laid：The equal subangle of wholecircle is pressed around three-dimensional laser scanner scanning survey station lay benchmark target, and
Benchmark target is no less than four, and monitoring target is laid by profile method, target laying is monitored on every section and is no less than three, according to
The main sliding direction and sliding scale of slumped mass determine the laying shape of monitoring target, and monitoring mark is determined according to slump force direction
Target installation position and distribution form.
Target should be laid in broad view, be easy to find, sight line is well located, and fixed in position, and takes security protection to arrange
Apply；Target should be located in scanning survey station scanning recognition distance, should not be laid too far, and hypertelorism easily produces laser reflection intensity
Decay cannot reach target, reflected signal is died down and recognize poor or None- identified.
Three-dimensional laser scanner scans survey station（Hereinafter referred to as scan survey station）It is for setting up Three Dimensional Ground laser scanner
Monitoring pier.Scan survey station rationally to determine according to environmental conditions such as landform type, scanning distance, angles, be arranged on avalanche
The zone of influence periphery of the possible unstability of body, and broad view, the eminence of safety should be arranged in, laying quantity should meet horizontal scan angle
The area requirement of degree and vertical scan angle.When carrying out matching splicing using cloud data, data acquisition will ensure adjacent scanning
The objective body degree of overlapping of survey station scanning should be not less than 30%, and area in hardship degree of overlapping should be not less than 10%；Overlapping part is preferably selected
Smooth, regular, the exposed preferable position of condition；Multi-site should not be set carries out data splicing.Slumped mass configuration of surface is answered
Miscellaneous, sighting condition is difficult or scanning route is when having turning, should increase scanning survey station.For " triangular shape stand alone " landform class
Type, should be no less than 4 scanning survey stations；For " convex " landform type, 2 scanning survey stations should be no less than；For " concavo-convex phase
Between type " landform type, 3 scanning survey stations should be no less than.
Single-point and massive point cloud are implemented in combination with diversification by the present invention using three-dimensional laser scanning technique, are complemented one another.Root
According to scanner points cloud processing and monitoring characteristics, target is classified by efficiency, i.e. benchmark target and monitoring target, monitoring target is main
Primary deformable orientation, deflection, rate of deformation, the development of deformation trend of slumped mass can be reflected；Benchmark target is located at slump scope
The firm non-deformed safety zone in periphery, surrounds whole slump region, forbids cloth to be set as a section shape, should not be partial to scanning and survey
The side stood, be preferably distributed in survey station surrounding target should be laid in broad view, be easy to find, sight line is well located, and fixed in position,
And take safety prevention measure.
Embodiment 2：
On the basis of embodiment 1, present embodiments provide a kind of target of three-dimensional laser scanner monitoring Rockfall hazard and lay
Method, clearly, monitoring target lays across or criss-cross, slip side for the main sliding direction and sliding scale of the slumped mass
To with sliding scale it is indefinite when, monitoring target cloth be arranged to sector.Wherein, the slumped mass includes slip mass and collapse body.
When slump force direction is thrust load caused landslide, drop type multifunction or Dumpage type avalanche, monitoring target is laid in and is collapsed
Gliding mass top, when slump force direction is retrogressive landslide, slump formula avalanche, monitoring target is laid under slumped mass
Portion.
When slump active force has two or more direction, the monitoring target is at least wrapped by the laying section that profile method is laid
Horizontal section and longitudinal profile are included, the horizontal section and longitudinal profile are vertical, and monitoring target is vertically symmetrical by middle part
Lay.
When monitoring target and being consistent with slump force direction by the longitudinal profile that profile method is laid, the distribution of target is monitored
Form is symmetrically laid from middle part to both sides.
Bulging tension fissure zone, tension fissure zone in slip mass, shear crack band, and the tension crack at the top of collapse body
Monitoring target is laid in band, maximum tension position, two ends extension bit encryption.
For the big region slumped mass that arrangement two or more scans survey station, a fiducial mark is laid at interval of 300-500m
Target.
The present invention realizes Rockfall hazard monitoring accuracy reliability by effective laying of benchmark target；By monitoring target single-point
Lay, formation complements one another with mass cloud data, reach accurate reflection Rockfall hazard deformation variable quantity and deformation comprehensively and become
The purpose of gesture.
The method that the present embodiment is not described in detail belongs to the common knowledge or conventional means of the industry, does not chat one by one here
State.
It is exemplified as above be only to of the invention for example, do not constitute the limitation to protection scope of the present invention, it is all
It is that design same or analogous with the present invention is belonged within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of three-dimensional laser scanner monitors the target distribution method of Rockfall hazard, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1) determination of slump scope：The existing topographic map in slump region is collected, Rockfall hazard border is determined；
Step 2）Target efficiency is classified：Target is divided into benchmark target and monitoring target by efficiency, wherein, the benchmark target is consolidated
Surely it is placed in the non-deformed region of slumped mass periphery, is to be swept for three-dimensional laser scanner scan orientation and three-dimensional laser scanner
The positioning and reference mark of data splicing between survey station are retouched, the monitoring target is used to monitor earth's surface change to be placed on slumped mass
The mark of shape；
Step 3）Target is laid：The equal subangle of wholecircle is pressed around three-dimensional laser scanner scanning survey station lay benchmark target, and
Benchmark target is no less than four, and monitoring target is laid by profile method, target laying is monitored on every section and is no less than three, according to
The main sliding direction and sliding scale of slumped mass determine the laying shape of monitoring target, and monitoring mark is determined according to slump force direction
Target installation position and distribution form.
2. a kind of three-dimensional laser scanner according to claim 1 monitors the target distribution method of Rockfall hazard, its feature
It is：When the main sliding direction and clear and definite sliding scale of slumped mass, monitoring target lays across or criss-cross, when slip side
To with sliding scale it is indefinite when, monitoring target cloth be arranged to sector.
3. a kind of three-dimensional laser scanner according to claim 1 and 2 monitors the target distribution method of Rockfall hazard, and it is special
Levy and be：The slumped mass includes slip mass and collapse body.
4. a kind of three-dimensional laser scanner according to claim 3 monitors the target distribution method of Rockfall hazard, its feature
It is：When slump force direction is thrust load caused landslide, drop type multifunction or Dumpage type avalanche, monitoring target is laid in slumped mass
Top, when slump force direction is retrogressive landslide, slump formula avalanche, slumped mass bottom is laid in by monitoring target.
5. a kind of three-dimensional laser scanner according to claim 1 monitors the target distribution method of Rockfall hazard, its feature
It is：When slump active force has two or more direction, the monitoring target is at least included by the laying section that profile method is laid
Horizontal section and longitudinal profile, the horizontal section and longitudinal profile are vertical, and monitoring target is by middle part vertically symmetrical cloth
If.
6. a kind of three-dimensional laser scanner according to claim 5 monitors the target distribution method of Rockfall hazard, its feature
It is：When monitoring target and being consistent with slump force direction by the longitudinal profile that profile method is laid, the distribution shape of target is monitored
Formula is symmetrically laid from middle part to both sides.
7. a kind of three-dimensional laser scanner according to claim 3 monitors the target distribution method of Rockfall hazard, its feature
It is：Bulging tension fissure zone, tension fissure zone in slip mass, shear crack band, and tension fissure zone at the top of collapse body, most
Monitoring target is laid in big tension position, two ends extension bit encryption.
8. a kind of three-dimensional laser scanner according to claim 1 monitors the target distribution method of Rockfall hazard, its feature
It is：For the big region slumped mass that arrangement two or more scans survey station, a benchmark target is laid at interval of 300-500m.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710168353.6A CN106931953A (en) | 2017-03-21 | 2017-03-21 | A kind of three-dimensional laser scanner monitors the target distribution method of Rockfall hazard |
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| CN201710168353.6A CN106931953A (en) | 2017-03-21 | 2017-03-21 | A kind of three-dimensional laser scanner monitors the target distribution method of Rockfall hazard |
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| CN106931953A true CN106931953A (en) | 2017-07-07 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109253717A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-22 | 安徽大学 | A kind of mining area surface sedimentation 3 D laser scanning surface subsidence monitoring sets station method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5404132A (en) * | 1994-03-14 | 1995-04-04 | Canty; Jeffery N. | Deflection monitoring system |
| CN102005104A (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2011-04-06 | 吴立新 | Remote and rapid monitoring and alarming device and method for displacement and gesture of sliding mass |
| CN103033140A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-10 | 吉林大学 | Device used for monitoring dangerous rock body collapse by applying laser displacement sensors |
| CN105258650A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-20 | 吉林大学 | Device for using laser displacement sensors to monitor slope slide |
| CN106289196A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-04 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Slumped mass geological hazard body monitoring method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technique |
-
2017
- 2017-03-21 CN CN201710168353.6A patent/CN106931953A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5404132A (en) * | 1994-03-14 | 1995-04-04 | Canty; Jeffery N. | Deflection monitoring system |
| CN102005104A (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2011-04-06 | 吴立新 | Remote and rapid monitoring and alarming device and method for displacement and gesture of sliding mass |
| CN103033140A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-10 | 吉林大学 | Device used for monitoring dangerous rock body collapse by applying laser displacement sensors |
| CN105258650A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-20 | 吉林大学 | Device for using laser displacement sensors to monitor slope slide |
| CN106289196A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-04 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Slumped mass geological hazard body monitoring method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technique |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109253717A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-22 | 安徽大学 | A kind of mining area surface sedimentation 3 D laser scanning surface subsidence monitoring sets station method |
| CN109253717B (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-11-27 | 安徽大学 | Mining area ground surface settlement three-dimensional laser scanning ground surface settlement monitoring and station setting method |
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Application publication date: 20170707 |