CN106927931A - 一种蘑菇专用化肥 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及肥料领域，尤其是一种蘑菇专用化肥，由以下重量份计的组分组成：秸秆20-25、锯末10-20、膨胀珍珠岩粉10-12份、硝化抑制剂DMPP 1-2份、茶皂素0.3-0.5份、腐熟猪粪13-15份、石灰粉9-11份、氮肥11-13份、磷肥8-10份、钾肥6-8份、有机络合铁4-6份、硝酸铵钙5-7份、硫酸锰3-5份、白鲜皮粉2-3份、硼酸1-3份、秸秆腐熟剂2-4份。本发明营养物质丰富，制备简单，成本低，促进蘑菇菌柄粗而实，菇肉肥厚，味鲜气香，配方中含有秸秆腐熟剂，刺激蘑菇生长，减少化肥使用量，有效地提高蘑菇产量和品质。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及肥料领域，尤其是一种蘑菇专用化肥。
背景技术
蘑菇的有效成分可增强T淋巴细胞功能，从而提高机体抵御各种疾病的免疫力；蘑菇提取液中含有一种物质，具有镇痛、镇静的功效；蘑菇提取液用动物实验，发现其有明显的镇咳、稀化痰液的作用；蘑菇中含有人体难以消化的粗纤维、半粗纤维和木质素，可保持肠内水分平衡，还可吸收余下的胆固醇、糖分，将其排出体外，对预防便秘、肠癌、动脉硬化、糖尿病等都十分有利；蘑菇含有酪氨酸酶，对降低血压有明显效果。
蘑菇所含营养物质丰富，热量低，受到大多数消费者的喜爱。蘑菇作为一种喜肥蔬菜，在其生长过程中，对肥料的需求量大。现有的蘑菇专用化肥，大多数配方中不包含秸秆腐熟剂，不能提高化肥利用率，降低种植者的经济效益。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种蘑菇专用化肥。
为解决上述问题，本发明提供的技术方案如下：一种蘑菇专用化肥，由以下重量份计的组分组成：秸秆20-25、锯末10-20、膨胀珍珠岩粉10-12份、硝化抑制剂DMPP 1-2份、茶皂素0.3-0.5份、腐熟猪粪13-15份、石灰粉9-11份、氮肥11-13份、磷肥8-10份、钾肥6-8份、有机络合铁4-6份、硝酸铵钙5-7份、硫酸锰3-5份、白鲜皮粉2-3份、硼酸1-3份、秸秆腐熟剂2-4份。
膨胀珍珠岩是珍珠岩矿砂经预热，瞬时高温焙烧膨胀后制成的一种内部为蜂窝状结构的白色颗粒状的材料。其原理：珍珠岩矿石经破碎形成一定粒度的矿砂，经预热焙烧，急速加热(1000℃以上)，矿砂中水分汽化，在软化的含有玻璃质的矿砂内部膨胀，形成多孔结构，体积膨胀10-30倍的非金属矿产品。珍珠岩根据其膨胀工艺技术及用途不同分为三种形态：开放孔(open cell)，闭孔(closed cell)，中空孔(balloon)。
膨胀珍珠岩可用作过滤剂、催化剂、分子筛以及橡胶、化肥、农药的载体。广泛用于建筑、冶金、石油、机械、轻工、水电、铸造、医药、食品、农林园艺等部门。经常温导热系数0.0245～0.048W/(m·K)，高温导热系数0.058～0.175W/(m·K)，低温导热系数0.028～0.038W/(m·K)，最高使用温度800℃。用作高效保温、保冷填充材料。
茶皂素是水剂或可溶性粉剂农药的优良助剂，能改善农药的物理性能，提高药液在生物或植物体表的附着力，起到对农药的增效作用。茶皂素能自动降解，无毒害，它在分离过程中，不会对农药的化学性能产生影响，有利于农药的贮存。茶皂素已大量用于除草剂草甘膦、杀虫剂杀虫双上，特别是用在草甘膦上，充分发挥了草甘膦的优良性能，提高其在植物上的附着力和吸湿性，提高药液的渗透力，而且由于茶皂素的良好生物活性，还能提高草甘膦的生物活性。
茶皂素由于有良好的生物活性，与杀虫单、马拉硫磷、灭多威、功夫菊酯、尼索朗、速螨酮、烟碱、乐果、鱼藤酮混配分别防治菜缢管蚜、小菜蛾、柑桔全爪螨等，有明显的增效作用。
茶皂素对菜青虫具有一定胃毒和较强的忌避作用，且浓度越高，忌避越强，对防治菜青虫危害包心菜有一定效果。在园林花卉上用作杀虫剂防治地下害虫，如地老虎、线虫等害虫；还对危害水稻的福寿螺和蜗牛、钉螺等均有良好的毒杀效果。
本发明营养物质丰富，制备简单，成本低，促进蘑菇菌柄粗而实，菇肉肥厚，味鲜气香，配方中含有秸秆腐熟剂，刺激蘑菇生长，减少化肥使用量，有效地提高蘑菇产量和品质。添加茶皂素等物质，使得本发明具有一定的防治病虫害的作用。硝化抑制剂与生物炭、膨胀珍珠岩粉配合使用，能够更加有效的将氮元素固定在土壤中，不易流失，增加硝化抑制剂的效果，能够更好的固氮从而起到缓释的作用。它能克服现有技术的弊端，制备方法简单，制备成的蘑菇专用化肥利用率高，减少常规肥投入，提高氮活性，能激活土壤中的原有养分、使作物充分吸收利用，促进作物产量增加，提高作物的抗逆性，能有效的改良土壤。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种蘑菇专用化肥，由以下重量份计的组分组成：秸秆20份、锯末10份、膨胀珍珠岩粉10份、硝化抑制剂DMPP 1份、茶皂素0.3份、腐熟猪粪13份、石灰粉9份、氮肥11份、磷肥8份、钾肥6份、有机络合铁4份、硝酸铵钙5份、硫酸锰3份、白鲜皮粉2份、硼酸1份、秸秆腐熟剂2份。
实施例2
一种蘑菇专用化肥，由以下重量份计的组分组成：秸秆25份、锯末20份、膨胀珍珠岩粉12份、硝化抑制剂DMPP2份、茶皂素0.5份、腐熟猪粪15份、石灰粉11份、氮肥13份、磷肥10份、钾肥8份、有机络合铁6份、硝酸铵钙7份、硫酸锰5份、白鲜皮粉3份、硼酸3份、秸秆腐熟剂4份。
实施例3
一种蘑菇专用化肥，由以下重量份计的组分组成：秸秆22.5份、锯末15份、膨胀珍珠岩粉11份、硝化抑制剂DMPP 1.5份、茶皂素0.4份、腐熟猪粪14份、石灰粉10份、氮肥12份、磷肥9份、钾肥7份、有机络合铁5份、硝酸铵钙6份、硫酸锰4份、白鲜皮粉2.5份、硼酸2份、秸秆腐熟剂3份。
Claims (2)
1.一种蘑菇专用化肥，其特征在于：由以下重量份计的组分组成：秸秆20-25份、锯末10-20份、膨胀珍珠岩粉10-12份、硝化抑制剂DMPP 1-2份、茶皂素0.3-0.5份、腐熟猪粪13-15份、石灰粉9-11份、氮肥11-13份、磷肥8-10份、钾肥6-8份、有机络合铁4-6份、硝酸铵钙5-7份、硫酸锰3-5份、白鲜皮粉2-3份、硼酸1-3份、秸秆腐熟剂2-4份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的蘑菇专用化肥，其特征在于：由以下重量份计的组分组成：秸秆22.5份、锯末15份、膨胀珍珠岩粉11份、硝化抑制剂DMPP 1.5份、茶皂素0.4份、腐熟猪粪14份、石灰粉10份、氮肥12份、磷肥9份、钾肥7份、有机络合铁5份、硝酸铵钙6份、硫酸锰4份、白鲜皮粉2.5份、硼酸2份、秸秆腐熟剂3份。
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