CN106925086A - A kind of organic exhaust gas plasma treatment appts and processing method - Google Patents
A kind of organic exhaust gas plasma treatment appts and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106925086A CN106925086A CN201710242190.1A CN201710242190A CN106925086A CN 106925086 A CN106925086 A CN 106925086A CN 201710242190 A CN201710242190 A CN 201710242190A CN 106925086 A CN106925086 A CN 106925086A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
- B01D2259/818—Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to environmental technology field, and in particular to a kind of plasma degradation processing unit of organic exhaust gas.A kind of plasma treatment appts of organic exhaust gas, the plasma treatment appts are plasma reactor, including reactor shell, the gas feed positioned at reactor shell top, the gas vent of reactor bottom, the plasma discharge electrode in reactor cylinder body, the power interface for being powered to plasma discharge apparatus；The energy utilization device for making slip electric arc area and length expanded is provided with the reactor shell.The energy utilization device to expand arc bar, expand arc plate or the two is used in combination.The present invention can improve the treating capacity of organic exhaust gas, and the clearance of organic exhaust gas is up to 99.9%, and ozone free emission problem can be widely applied to the process field of organic exhaust gas.
Description
Technical field：
A kind of processing method of organic exhaust gas belongs to environmental technology field, and in particular to a kind of plasma of organic exhaust gas
Degradation treatment apparatus and method.
Background technology：
Volatile organic matter (Volatile Organic Compounds) abbreviation VOCS refers to hydrocarbon and its derivative
Thing, is one of primary pollution source of atmosphere pollution.VOCS brings serious harm to ecological environment and health, and the whole world is passed through
Ji development or even the existence of the mankind propose stern challenge.
The Treatment process of organic exhaust gas has two classes, and a class is non-destructive method, organic waste-gas purification and will reclaim.This
Class method has absorption process, absorption method, condensation method, membrane separation process etc..Such method there is installation cost and maintenance expense is high, technological process
It is complicated, the shortcomings of organic removal rate is not high.Equations of The Second Kind is disruptive method, such as chemical or biological reactionss, use up, heat, catalysis
Organic matter is converted into the innocuous substances such as carbon dioxide and water by agent and microorganism etc., mainly includes that direct oxidation is burned, catalysis is fired
The methods such as burning, biological treatment, light decomposition and low-temperature plasma decomposition.There is equipment in the non-cryogenic plasma technology in such method
Investment is big, high energy consumption, not thorough organic matter removal the shortcomings of.Because non-thermal plasma trap has VOCS clearances high, operation
Elastic big, cost of equipment is low, product for environmental sound gas the advantages of and gradually replace a class non-destructive method and two
Class non-plasma technology is widely adopted.
The principle of non-thermal plasma trap is to apply electric energy by gas ionization to accelerate gas-phase chemical reaction, is particularly generated
The free radical of high oxidative carries out gaseous oxidation reaction, and hazardous air pollutants are oxidized into harmless object or low toxicity thing.
The processing method of low-temperature plasma mainly has following several：Electron beam discharge, glow discharge, corona discharge, medium
Barrier discharge, gliding arc discharge.It is high to there is equipment operating cost in electron beam discharge, can produce ray, must be built during commercial Application
There is radiation proof engineering；Corona discharge has that capacity usage ratio is low, discharge energy is uneven, treatment effeciency easily receives electrode shape
The shortcomings of influence of shape；Dielectric barrier discharge has that capacity usage ratio is low, the non-equilibrium plasma area in creeping discharge reactor
Domain is small, is difficult the shortcomings of realizing industrialization；Glow discharge works under vacuum conditions due to needing, and system is complex, work
Process is batch processing, it is impossible to which on-line continuous are produced, and efficiency is difficult to improve.Slide arc discharge and be used in treatment organic exhaust gas field,
Main experience breakdown phase, equilibrium stage, balance and non-balance transformation stage and non-equilibrium four-stage, the 75%- of energy
85% consumption focused mostly in the non-equilibrium stage, and the conversion of energy focused mostly in the balance and non-balance transformation stage.Slide electricity
Although there is processed in units better than the non-destructive processing method and existing destructive processing method of organic exhaust gas in arc
The problems such as measuring small, processed in units amount degraded energy consumption is higher, ozone treatment is not clean, seriously constrains slip arc plasma organic
The process of industrialization of waste gas processing method.
Therefore a kind of new plasma technology of exploitation is needed to solve the energy profit that existing VOCs treatment field is present
Low with rate, treating capacity is small, the problem of processed in units high energy consumption.
The content of the invention
Regarding to the issue above, the present invention provides a kind of method using arc plasma treatment organic exhaust gas are slided, this hair
It is bright that by plasma reaction device, energy utilization device is set, to increase electrical discharge arc area, expand reaction zone area, prolong
The balance and non-balance transformation stage for sliding arc discharge long, the technological parameter of waste gas treatment process is adjusted, improving energy profit
While using rate, the clearance of organic exhaust gas is improved.
Technical scheme is as follows：A kind of plasma treatment appts of organic exhaust gas, the plasma treatment appts are
Plasma reactor, including reactor shell, the gas feed positioned at reactor shell top, the gas of reactor bottom go out
Mouth, the plasma discharge electrode in reactor cylinder body, the power interface for being powered to plasma discharge apparatus；It is described anti-
Answer the energy utilization device for being provided with device cylinder and making slip electric arc area and length expanded.
The energy utilization device is combination or the energy utilization plate of energy utilization plate and energy utilization bar.
Height of the energy utilization plate apart from reactor shell bottom should be less than or equal to plasma discharge electrode
Height of the bottom apart from reactor shell low side；The energy utilization bar apart from reactor shell bottom height should be more than or
Person is equal to height of the energy utilization plate bottom apart from reactor shell low side.
The energy utilization plate is arc.
A kind of processing method of organic exhaust gas using above-mentioned plasma treatment appts, organic exhaust gas and background gas enter
There is degradation reaction in plasma reactor in plasma reactor, startup power supply, organic exhaust gas, the gas after treatment directly from
Plasma reactor outlet discharge.
Background gas, can carry out humidification process by humidification device, and the flow of background gas is 25-50L/S；Background gas
Relative humidity be：0-20%
Background gas can be one or more in inert gas, air or oxygen.
The power supply of plasma reactor is direct current or alternating current.
The content of organics of organic exhaust gas is 200-20000ppm；Organic exhaust gas flow is no more than 11112L/S.
The power supply of plasma reactor is high-frequency and high-voltage power supply, and frequency is 10-30KHz, and voltage is 10-100KV.
Beneficial effect
1st, expanding the presence of arc device increases electrical discharge arc area, and the capacity utilization ratio of balance and non-balance transformation stage is big
Big to improve, organic exhaust gas are in the time lengthening of high-temperature process state, can improve the treating capacity of organic exhaust gas.
2nd, expand the combination of arc device and technological parameter make plasma reactor can treating capacity improve, improve going for organic exhaust gas
Except rate, the clearance of organic exhaust gas is up to 99.9%.
3rd, organic exhaust gas are processed using plasma apparatus of the present invention, plasma apparatus Waste gas outlet temperature is entered than waste gas
Mouthful temperature only improves tens degree, safe and reliable.
4th, high treating effect：The reluctant material such as bioxin, moment decomposes completely, realizes qualified discharge.
5th, ozone free emission problem (in the prior art there is ozone discharge in low-temperature plasma equipment).
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the handling process schematic diagram of organic exhaust gas
Wherein 1- gas vents, 2- reactor shells, 3- energy utilizations bar, 4- sparking electrodes, 5- nozzles, 6- high voltage power supplies
Interface, 7- gas feeds, 8- insulating bases, 9- energy utilizations plate, 10- mixed gas surge tank, 11- off-gas buffer tanks, the 12- back ofs the body
Prosperous surge tank, 13- humidification devices
Specific embodiment
A kind of organic exhaust gas plasma treatment appts, including reactor shell 2, gas feed 7, gas vent 1, energy profit
With bar 3, energy utilization plate 9, insulating base 8, high voltage power supply interface 6, sparking electrode 4 and nozzle 5.Gas feed 7 is located at reaction
The top of device cylinder 2, gas vent 1 is located at the bottom of reactor shell 2.Sparking electrode is located in reactor shell 2, with reaction
Device cylinder is connected by insulating base.Energy utilization bar 3 is connected with insulating base 8, and the number of sparking electrode 4 is 2, lateral separation
Maximum is 5mm, and the number of energy utilization bar 3 is two, is symmetrically distributed in sparking electrode both sides.Energy utilization bar distance is anti-
Answer the distance of the bottom of device cylinder 2 than electric discharge device apart from the bottom of reactor shell 2 the small plasma of distance.Positioned at cylinder transverse direction
The energy utilization plate 9 of position is close to sparking electrode 4.
Embodiment 1
Start high voltage power supply, supply frequency is 25KHz, and voltage is that 80KV opens blower fan, and benzene, toluene type organic content are
20000ppm, flow is the air that the intaglio printing waste gas and flow of 11112L/S are 45L/S, relative humidity is 2% by air inlet
Hole 2 enters reactor 10, and air-flow is ionized, punctures to form electrical discharge arc, and discharge arc length and area are with energy utilization plate
Improve, waste gas is steeply risen to thousands of degree high temperature by normal temperature.Under high temperature, high voltage double action, industrial waste gas be in wait from
Sub- state, benzene, toluene type organic are ionized and crack completely, and waste gas is derived by gas vent 1 after treatment.Through the plasma
Content of organics is 45ppm in waste gas after equipment treatment, and organic matter clearance rate is 99.7%, the work(of plasma apparatus and blower fan
Rate is only 45 kilowatts.
Embodiment 2
Start high voltage power supply, supply frequency is 22KHz, and voltage is that 70KV opens blower fan, and acetone, isopropanol, ammonia content are
15150ppm, flow is the air that the intaglio printing waste gas and flow of 8556L/S are 37L/S, relative humidity is 2% by air admission hole
2 enter reactor 10, and air-flow is ionized, punctures to form electrical discharge arc, and discharge arc length and area are carried with energy utilization plate
Height, waste gas is steeply risen to thousands of degree high temperature by normal temperature.Under high temperature, high voltage double action, industrial waste gas is in plasma
State, benzene, toluene type organic are ionized and crack completely, and waste gas is derived by gas vent 1 after treatment.Set through the plasma
Content of organics is 40ppm in waste gas after standby treatment, and organic matter clearance rate is 99.7%, the power of plasma apparatus and blower fan
Only 38 kilowatts.
Embodiment 3
Start high voltage power supply, supply frequency is 10KHz, and voltage is that 10KV opens blower fan, straight containing normal butane, pentane etc.
The content of organics of alkane is 10000ppm, and flow is 30L/S, relatively wet for the intaglio printing waste gas and flow of 5530L/S
The air spent for 5% enters reactor 10 by air admission hole 2, and air-flow is ionized, punctures to form electrical discharge arc, discharge arc length and
Area is improved with energy utilization plate, and waste gas is steeply risen to thousands of degree high temperature by normal temperature.In high temperature, high voltage double action
Under, industrial waste gas is in plasmoid, and benzene, toluene type organic are ionized and crack completely, and waste gas passes through gas after treatment
Outlet 1 is derived.Content of organics is 10mg/m3 in waste gas after being processed through the plasma apparatus, and organic matter clearance rate is
99.9%, the power of plasma apparatus and blower fan is only 20 kilowatts.
Embodiment 4
Start high voltage power supply, supply frequency is 30KHz, voltage is that 100KV opens blower fan, containing hydro carbons, alcohols, aldehydes,
Content of organics in the organic compounds such as acids, ketone and amine, butadiene, dichloromethane is 6580ppm, and flow is
The air that the intaglio printing waste gas and flow of 4530L/S are 30L/S, relative humidity is 0 enters reactor 10, gas by air admission hole 2
Stream is ionized, punctures to form electrical discharge arc, and discharge arc length and area are improved with energy utilization plate, waste gas by normal temperature drastically
Rise to thousands of degree high temperature.Under high temperature, high voltage double action, industrial waste gas is in plasmoid, and benzene, toluene class are organic
Thing is ionized and cracks completely, and waste gas is derived by gas vent 1 after treatment.Have in waste gas after being processed through the plasma apparatus
Machine thing content is 27ppm, and organic matter clearance rate is 99.6%, and the power of plasma apparatus and blower fan is only 50 kilowatts.
Embodiment 5
Start high voltage power supply, supply frequency is 25KHz, and voltage is that 80KV opens blower fan, contains hydro carbons, alcohols, aldehydes, acid
Content of organics in the organic compounds such as class, ketone and amine, butadiene, dichloromethane is 2580ppm, and flow is 1530L/
The air that the petrochemical industry organic exhaust gas and flow of S are 30L/S, relative humidity is 12% enters reactor 10, gas by air admission hole 2
Stream is ionized, punctures to form electrical discharge arc, and discharge arc length and area are improved with energy utilization plate, waste gas by normal temperature drastically
Rise to thousands of degree high temperature.Under high temperature, high voltage double action, industrial waste gas is in plasmoid, hydro carbons, alcohols, aldehyde
Class, acids, ketone and amine, butadiene, dichloromethane are ionized and crack completely, and waste gas is led by gas vent 1 after treatment
Go out.Content of organics is 20ppm in waste gas after being processed through the plasma apparatus, and organic matter clearance rate is 99.2%, plasma
The power of equipment and blower fan is only 45 kilowatts.
Embodiment 6
Start high voltage power supply, supply frequency is 10KHz, and voltage is that 13KV opens blower fan, contains hydro carbons, alcohols, aldehydes, acid
Content of organics in the organic compounds such as class, ketone and amine, butadiene, dichloromethane is 657ppm, and flow is 452L/S
Petrochemical industry organic exhaust gas and flow be that 30L/S, air that relative humidity is 10% enter reactor 10, gas by air admission hole 2
Stream is ionized, punctures to form electrical discharge arc, and discharge arc length and area are improved with energy utilization plate, waste gas by normal temperature drastically
Rise to thousands of degree high temperature.Under high temperature, high voltage double action, industrial waste gas is in plasmoid, hydro carbons, alcohols, aldehyde
The organic matter such as class, acids, ketone and amine, butadiene, dichloromethane is ionized and cracks completely, and waste gas passes through gas after treatment
Outlet 1 is derived.Content of organics is 6ppm in waste gas after being processed through the plasma apparatus, and organic matter clearance rate is 99.1%,
The power of plasma apparatus and blower fan is only 23 kilowatts.
Embodiment 7
Start high voltage power supply, supply frequency is 22KHz, and voltage is 30KV, open blower fan, benzene, toluene type organic content
It is 1500ppm, flow is that 30L/S, the air that relative humidity is 0 are entered by air admission hole 2 for the organic exhaust gas and flow of 823L/S
Reactor 10, air-flow is ionized, punctures to form electrical discharge arc, and discharge arc length and area are improved with energy utilization plate, is given up
Gas is steeply risen to thousands of degree high temperature by normal temperature.Under high temperature, high voltage double action, industrial waste gas is in plasmoid,
Benzene, toluene type organic are ionized and crack completely, and waste gas is derived by gas vent 1 after treatment.At the plasma apparatus
Content of organics is 12ppm in waste gas after reason, and organic matter clearance rate is 99.2%, and the power of plasma apparatus and blower fan is only
23 kilowatts.
Embodiment 8
Start high voltage power supply, supply frequency is 15KHz, and voltage is 50KV, open blower fan, benzene, toluene type organic content
It is 200ppm, flow enters anti-for the air that the organic exhaust gas and flow of 108L/S are 30L/S, relative humidity is 0 by air admission hole 2
Device 10, air-flow is answered to be ionized, puncture to form electrical discharge arc, discharge arc length and area are improved with energy utilization plate, waste gas
Steeply risen to thousands of degree high temperature by normal temperature.Under high temperature, high voltage double action, industrial waste gas be in plasmoid, benzene,
Toluene type organic is ionized and cracks completely, and waste gas is derived by gas vent 1 after treatment.After being processed through the plasma apparatus
Waste gas in content of organics be 2ppm, organic matter clearance rate is 99%, and the power of plasma apparatus and blower fan is only 18 kilowatts.
Embodiment 9
Start high voltage power supply, supply frequency is 10KHz, and voltage is 10KV, open blower fan, contain normal butane, pentane etc.
The content of organics of linear paraffin is 500ppm, and flow is that 30L/S, relative humidity are for the organic exhaust gas and flow of 352L/S
7% air enters reactor 10 by air admission hole 2, and air-flow is ionized, punctures to form electrical discharge arc, discharge arc length and area
Improved with energy utilization plate, waste gas is steeply risen to thousands of degree high temperature by normal temperature.Under high temperature, high voltage double action, work
Industry waste gas is in plasmoid, and benzene, toluene type organic are ionized and crack completely, and waste gas passes through gas vent 1 after treatment
Derive.Through the plasma apparatus process after waste gas in content of organics be 0.6ppm, organic matter clearance rate be 99.9%, wait from
The power of sub- equipment and blower fan is only 18 kilowatts.
The basic principles, principal features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.Those skilled in the art should
Understand, the invention is not limited in any way for above-described embodiment, it is all to be obtained by the way of equivalent or equivalent transformation
Technical scheme, all falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of organic exhaust gas plasma treatment appts, it is characterised in that the plasma treatment appts are plasma reactor, bag
Include reactor shell, the gas feed positioned at reactor shell top, the gas vent of reactor bottom, by insulating base with
Plasma reactor connected plasma discharge electrode, plasma discharge apparatus power supply interface；On the reactor shell
It is provided with the energy utilization device for making slip electric arc area and length expanded.
2. plasma treatment appts as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the energy utilization device is energy utilization plate
Combination or energy utilization plate with energy utilization bar.
3. plasma treatment appts as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the energy utilization plate is apart from reactor shell
The height of bottom should be less than or equal to height of the plasma discharge electrode bottom apart from reactor shell low side；The energy
Height using bar apart from reactor shell bottom should be low apart from reactor shell more than or equal to energy utilization plate bottom
The height at end.
4. plasma treatment appts as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the energy utilization plate is arc.
5. the processing method of the organic exhaust gas of the plasma treatment appts described in a kind of utilization claim 1-4, it is characterised in that
Organic exhaust gas and background gas enter plasma reactor, and startup power supply, organic exhaust gas are degraded in plasma reactor
Reaction, the gas after treatment is directly exported from plasma reactor discharges.
6. a kind of processing method of organic exhaust gas as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that background gas, at humidification
Reason, the flow of background gas is 25-50L/S；The relative humidity of background gas is：0-20%.
7. a kind of processing method of organic exhaust gas as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that background gas are inert gas, sky
One or more in gas or oxygen.
8. a kind of processing method of organic exhaust gas as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the power supply of plasma reactor is
Direct current or alternating current.
9. a kind of processing method of organic exhaust gas as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the content of organics of organic exhaust gas
It is 200-5000Ppm；Organic exhaust gas flow is no more than 11112L/S.
10. a kind of processing method of organic exhaust gas as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the power supply is high-frequency and high-voltage
Power supply, frequency is 10-30KHz, and voltage is 10-100KV.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113041805A (en) * | 2021-03-14 | 2021-06-29 | 西安交通大学 | Plasma generation technology and device for degrading ozone by self-generated heat |
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