CN106922728A - 一种用于防治十字花科蔬菜黄曲条跳甲的悬浮种衣剂 - Google Patents
一种用于防治十字花科蔬菜黄曲条跳甲的悬浮种衣剂 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于防治十字花科蔬菜黄曲条跳甲的悬浮种衣剂，所述悬浮种衣剂可以有效的防治甘蓝黄曲条跳甲，同时可以防治甘蓝根结线虫病。本发明的悬浮种衣剂含有吡唑醚菌酯、氟吡菌酰胺和噻虫嗪的悬浮种衣剂，其中，吡唑醚菌酯、氟吡菌酰胺和噻虫嗪的重量比为2‑10:2‑12:10‑30，所述重量比优选为2.4:5.6:20，其余为农药制剂加工中常规的辅助成分。所述悬浮种衣剂可以减少农药活性成分使用量、提高防治效果，能够节省使用成本，减少对环境的污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域，具体涉及的是一种用于防治十字花科蔬菜黄曲条跳甲的悬浮种衣剂及其制备方法，所述悬浮种衣剂活性成分包含吡唑醚菌酯、氟吡菌酰胺和噻虫嗪。
背景技术
黄曲条跳甲隶属鞘翅目叶甲科，俗称狗虱虫、菜虱子、跳虱、土跳蚤、黄跳蚤等。黄曲条跳甲可危害多种植物，尤其喜食十字花科植物，主要危害十字花科蔬菜中的甘蓝、芥菜、萝卜、白菜、芥蓝、油菜、花椰菜等。黄曲条跳甲分布范围广，在亚洲、欧洲、北美洲、南非等50多个国家和地区均有分布，已成为十字花科蔬菜生产中最难控制的世界性害虫之一。近几年，黄曲条跳甲在我国的为害越来越严重，在福建、广东两省部分地区的危害甚至已经超过小菜蛾。因此，黄曲条跳甲的综合防治研究已成为政府管理、科研工作者都高度关注的重大农业生产问题。
当前，黄曲条跳甲猖獗危害的发生与对该种害虫的防治措施不当有密切关系，防治措施不当表现在单一依赖化学农药、选择农药不当、用药时期不当、喷药操作方法不当，各蔬菜主产区对黄曲条跳甲的防治仍以化学防治为主，且只关注成虫，而忽视地下的幼虫和蛹，使得幼虫和蛹防治容易失控。防治过程中高毒、高残留农药的使用不仅大量杀伤害虫天敌、导致防治效果下降，而且使该虫的抗药性逐年增强，防治难度不断加大。
现代农业生产中，利用种子处理剂进行药剂处理是防治害虫的经济简便的方法之一，种衣剂是一种用于作物和其它植物种子处理的、具有成膜特性的农药制剂，它能够在种子表面固化形成成为种衣的膜，种衣剂在土壤中吸水膨胀而不被溶解，允许种子正常发芽所需的水分和空气通过，所含有的农药等活性成分缓慢释放，能够杀灭地下害虫、苗期害虫，具有防治苗期病害和系统性病害、提高种子发芽率，促进种苗健康生长等功效。悬浮种衣剂是种衣剂的一种，是由农药原药、成膜剂、润湿剂、分散剂、增稠剂、着色剂、填料和水经湿法粉碎而制备得到的一种可流动的稳定的均匀悬浮液，由于其使用方便、安全，在众多的种衣剂中备受青睐。
本申请的发明人在大量试验的基础上，筛选得到一种包含噻虫嗪、吡唑醚菌酯和氟吡菌酰胺的悬浮种衣剂，目前尚无关于三者复配的相关报道，更无将三者复配后用于防治十字花科黄曲条跳甲的相关报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足，提供一种能够有效防治十字花科黄曲条跳甲的农药组合物；出乎预料的，所述农药组合物通过合理的复配可以达到明显的协同增效作用，可以减少农药活性成分使用量、提高防治效果，能够节省使用成本，减少对环境的污染。
进一步的，本发明的农药活性成分中除了含有防治十字花科黄曲条跳甲的噻虫嗪，还含有活性成分吡唑醚菌酯和氟吡菌酰胺，可以用于防治多种病虫害如霜霉病、根结线虫等。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种含有吡唑醚菌酯、氟吡菌酰胺和噻虫嗪的悬浮种衣剂，其中，吡唑醚菌酯、氟吡菌酰胺和噻虫嗪的重量比为2-10:2-12:10-30，所述重量比优选为:2.4:5.6:20，其余为农药制剂加工中常规的辅助成分。
进一步的，所述农药组合物中活性成分的重量分数为5-60%，优选为17-50%。
进一步的，所述悬浮种衣剂中的农药辅助成分包括润湿剂、分散剂、成膜剂、消泡剂、抗冻剂、着色剂和水。
进一步的，所述润湿剂选自烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、烷基苯磺酸盐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、二丁基萘磺酸盐、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯醚山梨醇油酸酐酯、萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物中的一种或几种组合。
进一步的，所述分散剂选自木质素磺酸盐、聚羧酸盐、EO-PO嵌段聚醚、烷基萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物，分散剂MF-5、烷基琥珀酸盐中的一种或几种组合。
进一步的，所述成膜剂选自壳聚糖、阿拉伯胶、黄原胶、聚乙烯醇、羟甲基纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、明胶、海藻酸钠中的一种或几种组合。
进一步的，所述消泡剂选自有机硅酮、C8-10的脂肪醇、C10-20饱和脂肪酸中的一种或几种组合。
进一步的，所述抗冻剂选自乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、尿素中的一种或几种组合。
进一步的，所述着色剂选自碱性玫瑰红、水性玫红、酸性大红中的一种或几种组合。
进一步的，所述农药组合物辅助成分还包括防腐剂，选自苯甲酸钠、甲醛、异噻唑啉酮、溴硝醇中的一种或几种组合物。
进一步的，所述悬浮种衣剂的具体制备方法为：先将各个助剂混合，经过高速剪切混合均匀，加入吡唑醚菌酯、氟吡菌酰胺和噻虫嗪，在球磨机中研磨2-3小时，直至悬浮剂的颗粒细度在5微米以下，即得产品。
与现有技术相比，本发明的悬浮种衣剂的有益效果为：
(1)本发明的悬浮种衣剂活性成分间不仅包括杀虫活性成分噻虫嗪，还包括杀菌活性成分吡唑醚菌酯和氟吡菌酰胺，且氟吡菌酰胺还具有杀线虫活性成分，因此，本发明的农药组合物悬浮种衣剂可以防治不同的对象，且经过相互之间合理的复配，在一定的范围之内具有预料不到的协同增效作用；
(2)本发明的悬浮种衣剂制备工艺简单，生产成本低、防治效果好；
(3)本发明的悬浮种衣剂使用后对蔬菜的生长表现出一定的促进作用，能够增加产量。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，本发明用以下具体实施例进行说明，但本发明绝非限于这些例子。以下所述仅为本发明较好的实施例，仅仅用于解释本发明，但不能因此理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的时，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换或改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内，因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
一、制剂实施例
1、实施例1：28%吡唑醚菌酯·氟吡菌酰胺·噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂（2.4:5.6:20）
吡唑醚菌酯 2.4%
氟吡菌酰胺 5.6%
噻虫嗪 20%
蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚 4%
聚氧乙烯醚山梨醇油酸酐酯 2%
分散剂MF-5 5%
聚乙烯醇 1.5%
有机硅酮 1.2%
水性玫红 0.4%
丙二醇 2.4%
苯甲酸钠 1.5%
去离子水 余量
所述悬浮种衣剂的制备方法为：先将各个助剂混合，经过高速剪切混合均匀，加入吡唑醚菌酯、氟吡菌酰胺和噻虫嗪，在球磨机中研磨2-3小时，直至悬浮剂的颗粒细度在5微米以下，即得产品。
2、实施例2：35%吡唑醚菌酯·氟吡菌酰胺·噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂（1:1：5）
吡唑醚菌酯 5%
氟吡菌酰胺 5%
噻虫嗪 25%
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯 6%
EO-PO嵌段共聚物 5%
明胶 2%
C10脂肪醇 1.8%
水性玫红 0.5%
丙三醇 0.5%
溴硝醇 1.5%
去离子水 余量
所述悬浮种衣剂的制备方法同实施例1。
3、实施例3：22%吡唑醚菌酯·氟吡菌酰胺·噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂（2：5:15）
吡唑醚菌酯 2%
氟吡菌酰胺 5%
噻虫嗪 15%
木质素磺酸钠 5%
烷基苯磺酸盐 4%
羟甲基纤维素 1.8%
有机硅酮 1.4%
水性玫红 0.4%
乙二醇 0.5%
异噻唑啉酮 1.2%
去离子水 余量
所述悬浮种衣剂的制备方法同实施例3。
二、田间药效试验
1、试验材料
用本发明实施例1-3的悬浮种衣剂处理用常规种子处理方法处理种子；处理药剂如下：（1）试验组：实施例1-3所述的种子处理剂；（2）药剂对照组：分别用三种活性成分的两两复配或单剂做药剂对照，制剂配方同实施例1。
2、试验地安排在广州花都区某甘蓝种植地进行，甘蓝种植地常年黄曲条跳甲、甘蓝线虫病发生较重。试验采取随机区组排列，每处理重复4次，每小区面积30 m2。分别调查不同处理对甘蓝黄曲条跳甲和甘蓝线虫病的防治效果，试验结果如表1所示。
由表1可以看出，实施例1-3的种子处理剂能够较好的防治甘蓝黄曲条跳甲和甘蓝根结线虫病，与单剂相比，农药活性成分用量降低，防治效果更好。尤其是实施例1所述的种子处理剂，实现了配比和配方的最优结合，对黄曲条跳甲和根结线虫表现出较好的防治效果，具体的增效机理有待进一步研究。
2、对甘蓝生长的影响
另外，在试验处理中，观察到本发明的悬浮种衣剂对甘蓝的成苗率有很好的促进作用，使用对照药剂处理的甘蓝成苗率为86.27-89.44%，而使用本发明实施例1-3的悬浮种衣剂处理的甘蓝成苗率为94.25-95.37%，由于本发明的活性成分既含有杀菌活性成分、同时含有杀虫活性成分，大大提高了种子及幼苗抗土传病害的影响，出苗率得到了进一步提高。另外，未发现本发明的种子处理悬浮剂对作物有药害产生，表明本发明的悬浮种衣剂安全性也较好，值得在生产上推广应用。
Claims (8)
1.一种农药悬浮种衣剂，其特征在于，活性成分包含吡唑醚菌酯、氟吡菌酰胺和噻虫嗪。
2.根据权利要求1所述的悬浮种衣剂，其特征在于，吡唑醚菌酯、氟吡菌酰胺和噻虫嗪的重量比为2-10:2-12:10-30。
3.根据权利要求2所述的悬浮种衣剂，其特征在于，吡唑醚菌酯、氟吡菌酰胺和噻虫嗪的重量比优选为2.4:5.6:20。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项权利要求所述的悬浮种衣剂，其特征在于，吡唑醚菌酯、氟吡菌酰胺和噻虫嗪在制剂中的含量为5-60%。
5.根据权利要求4所述的悬浮种衣剂，其特征在于，所述悬浮种衣剂除活性成分外还含有农药辅助成分，包括润湿剂、分散剂、成膜剂、消泡剂、抗冻剂、着色剂和水。
6.根据权利要求1-5所述的悬浮种衣剂用于防治农作物病虫害的用途。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用途，其特征在于，所述农作物病虫害优选为十字花科黄曲条跳甲。
8.根据权利要求6所述的用途，其特征在于，所述农作物病害优选为根结线虫病。
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