CN106921159A - A kind of active power modulator approach of many air conditioner load groups - Google Patents

A kind of active power modulator approach of many air conditioner load groups Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106921159A
CN106921159A CN201710093177.4A CN201710093177A CN106921159A CN 106921159 A CN106921159 A CN 106921159A CN 201710093177 A CN201710093177 A CN 201710093177A CN 106921159 A CN106921159 A CN 106921159A
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China
Prior art keywords
load
control
air conditioner
group
air
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Inventor
刘萌
王军
赵斌超
李宽
李玉敦
张国辉
王昕�
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710093177.4A priority Critical patent/CN106921159A/en
Publication of CN106921159A publication Critical patent/CN106921159A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
    • H02J2310/12—The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
    • H02J2310/14—The load or loads being home appliances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of active power modulator approach of many air conditioner load groups, including：Controllable air conditioner load to each load bus carries out a point group；Measurement apparatus are installed on sample air conditioner load in each load group, the running state information of Real-time Collection sample load simultaneously uploads to grid control centre, estimate the running status of load group；The active power desired value that load coordinated control device need to be tracked according to load in grid control centre, with reference to the running status of load group, formulates the control instruction of load group；When some loads mine massively use can recover control after load group's diversity but when there is the first load control mode of power rush during control, the control of the primary frequency modulation and longer time yardstick of network system is participated under the control model；Realize the coordination control between many load groups.The present invention avoids causing air conditioner load clustering to close oscillation of power.And propose the recovery control strategy of air conditioner load, reduce the power that air-conditioning design temperature recovers to cause and recover peak.

Description

A kind of active power modulator approach of many air conditioner load groups
Technical field
The present invention relates to power modulation technique field, and in particular to a kind of active power modulation methods of many air conditioner load groups Method.
Background technology
Traditionally, power system uses the control mode of " generating follow load ", and load is considered as passive physical terminal. There are a large amount of loads with energy (heat energy, chemical energy, electromagnetic energy etc.) storage characteristics, such as air-conditioning, refrigerator, heat in power system Hydrophone, heat pump and electric automobile etc., short time switching or change control parameter, will not cause obvious negative shadow to user power utilization Ring, with power-balance control is actively engaged in, for system provides standby potential.With the change-Large Copacity fire of generation structure Group of motors is improved with nuclear power generating sets proportion, extensive intermittent energy electricity generation grid-connecting, the Capacity Cost and system of Generation Side Spare capacity needs dramatically increase, fully excavate the standby potential of load side significant.
The difficult point of spatial load forecasting be load enormous amount and geographical distribution extensively, current control mode and presence are asked Topic is as follows：
1st, the load formula control that need not be communicated with control centre is implemented, fast response time, implementation cost is low, but such as The unrealized spatial load forecasting of fruit and the combination of system active power controller structure, can cause the uncertainty of spatial load forecasting, hold It was easily caused control or owed control phenomenon.
2nd, implement using the feedback control of two-way communication, control accuracy is high, but needs to be surveyed between load and control centre Amount data are assigned with the upload of control instruction, reduce the response speed of spatial load forecasting, high to information processing capability requirement, are increased Implementation cost.
3rd, implement using two-way communication but carry out opened loop control, control centre sends control instruction to load, load is received Instruct and perform, while the information of control centre's collecting sample load estimates the running status of load group.Such spatial load forecasting side Formula reduces the communications cost for implementing spatial load forecasting, while ensure that certain spatial load forecasting precision, may advantageously facilitate its Application in engineering.
The content of the invention
To solve the deficiency that prior art is present, the invention discloses a kind of active power modulation methods of many air conditioner load groups Method, the present invention proposes both of which and can realize the load control mode that load diversity recovers, it is to avoid cause air conditioner load clustering Conjunction oscillation of power, and the recovery control strategy of air conditioner load is proposed, reduce the power recovery height that air-conditioning design temperature recovers to cause Peak.The characteristics of for two kinds of control model institutes inherently, propose the superimposed coordinations control mould of two kinds of control model loads group's power Formula.On this basis, a coordination control strategy for proposing many load groups is entered.To air conditioner load, group is emulated, and is demonstrated The validity of the active power modulation strategy of many air conditioner load groups.
To achieve the above object, concrete scheme of the invention is as follows：
A kind of active power modulator approach of many air conditioner load groups, comprises the following steps：
Controllable air conditioner load to each load bus carries out a point group；
Measurement apparatus, the running status letter of Real-time Collection sample load are installed on sample air conditioner load in each load group Grid control centre is ceased and uploaded to, the running status of load group is estimated；
The active power desired value that load coordinated control device need to be tracked according to load in grid control centre, with reference to load group Running status, formulate load group control instruction；
When some loads mine massively use can recover control after load group's diversity but there is during control power punching During the first load control mode for hitting, the control of the primary frequency modulation and longer time yardstick of network system is participated under the control model System；
To eliminate the power rush in the first load control mode, after to other parts load group implementing that control can be recovered In the absence of the second load control mode of power rush during load group's diversity but control, make the different control strategies of implementation Load group's superposition after general power no longer emergent power impact, realize the coordination control between many loads group.
Further, the running state information of sample load includes the termination property of load, temperature, humidity, wind speed, sunshine The meteorological data related to load operating region and external control order.
Further, when realizing that many load groups coordinate control, it is assumed that a certain load is mined massively and uses the first load control mode, t1Moment load responding system control reduces power demand, to that should have corresponding air conditioner load clustering to close changed power curve；t2 Moment controls another load on the load bus to mine massively and uses the second load control mode, to that should have corresponding air conditioner load clustering to close Changed power curve, makes Δ P2-ΔP1=ε, wherein ε are that power change values are closed in desired air conditioner load clustering.
Further, according to the Δ P after load group control in the first load control mode1+ ε sizes and moment t3Determine The control instruction Δ P of load group in two load control modes2Size and response moment t2, according to Δ P2Further determine that load group The size of design temperature change.
Further, it is assumed that the parameter distribution of air conditioner load is uniform, the fall off rate and sky of indoor temperature when air-conditioning is opened Adjust and close in rear chamber that temperature rate-of-rise is equal and be constant v, the first load control mode and the second load control mode correspondence Speed be respectively v1、v2, then Δ P1And t3Tried to achieve by following formula：
t3=(2 Δ-δ)/v1
Wherein, f1It is t3Moment is in air conditioner load group's probability density of open state, and the information according to sample load is using illiteracy Special Carlow simulation is tried to achieve；
Further, the information according to sample load is controlled using Monte-Carlo Simulation using the second load control mode The operation of load group, fits design temperature change Delta TsetThe relation between changed power minimum is closed with air conditioner load clustering, Further by Δ P2=Δ P1+ ε obtains control instruction Δ TsetSize, the moment t of control2Obtained by following formula：
t2=t3-δ/v2；
δ is the value of heightening of design temperature, and Δ is the difference that boundary temperature value was closed and opened to air-conditioning.
Wherein, above-mentioned moment t1、t2And t3Relation be：t1：The control moment of the first load control mode；t2：Second is negative The control moment of lotus control model；t3：The peak value moment of the first load control mode.t1Working characteristics with load group is determined The peak value moment t of the first load control mode3(such as formula t3=(2 Δ-δ)/v1It is shown), t3Working characteristics with load group is determined The control moment t of the second load control mode2(such as formula t2=t3-δ/v2It is shown).
Further, for the first load control mode, including with the next stage：
1) before controlling, the probability density of air conditioner load group's on and off is in continuous variable condition, and a certain moment is turned by opening To close the air-conditioning number of running status and, the polymerization of air conditioner load group essentially identical by air-conditioning number that pass switchs to open shop state Changed power scope very little；
2) air conditioner load is implemented to control, indoor temperature is between new settings lowest temperature and old design temperature lower limit All air-conditionings are closed, and the power demand of air conditioner load group can be immediately reduced after control；
3) after spatial load forecasting,Without air conditioner load operation in temperature range, therefore, only reached within a period of time Lowest temperature θ-The air conditioner load of closing, nothing reaches temperature upper limit θ+The air conditioner load of unlatching, i.e. air conditioner load aggregate power continue After being decreased until the first state for reaching setting, air conditioner load aggregate power begins to ramp up；
4) when the running status of air conditioner load group reaches the second state of setting, it is at once after implementing control Between air conditioner load be not up to temperature upper limit, indoor temperature continues to rise, until temperature upper limitWithAfterwards, air-conditioning enters to enter the GATT Closed state；
5) after terminating this cycle of operation, the transition design temperature upper limit is setWithThe temperature upper limit adjustment of air conditioner load It is θ+, air conditioner load group's periodic duty between new temperature bound, the probability density of air conditioner load group's on and off is with sky The cycle period work of tune is in consecutive variations state, is reached after a cycle of the aggregate power after control of air conditioner load group New stable state；
The bound of the preceding air-conditioning design temperature of control, θ are represented respectively+、θ-Air-conditioning setting temperature after control is represented respectively The bound of degree, δ is the value of heightening of design temperature, and Δ is the difference that boundary temperature value was closed and opened to air-conditioning.
Further, for the second load control mode, including with the next stage：
1) after controlling, the upper limit of the design temperature of air-conditioning is set to θ+, lowest temperature keep it is constant；
2) after the control in first cycle of operation of air-conditioning, when air-conditioning reaches lowest temperatureAfter changing running status, At a temperature of air-conditioning limit be set to θ-, air-conditioning is in new temperature bound θ+, θ-between run；
Represent the lower limit of the preceding air-conditioning design temperature of control, θ+、θ-Air-conditioning design temperature is upper and lower after expression is controlled respectively Limit；
3) when all of air conditioner load between new temperature bound all when running, air conditioner load group reaches new steady State, the probability density of air conditioner load group's on and off does not destroy negative as the cycle period work of air-conditioning is in consecutive variations state Lotus diversity.
Further, the air conditioner load in the application is on the basis of the rank physical model of single air conditioner three, using Meng Teka The polymerization of the uneven air conditioner load of many parameter distributions of Lip river simulated implementation, tries to achieve the average operation of load group t at any time State and power demand.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
Load with energy stores characteristic can be actively engaged in system power balance control, and the application is with air conditioner load A kind of example, it is proposed that active power modulation strategy of many air conditioner load groups.First, devising both of which can realize load diversity The load control mode of recovery, it is to avoid cause air conditioner load clustering to close oscillation of power.And propose the recovery control plan of air conditioner load Slightly, the power recovery peak that air-conditioning design temperature recovers to cause is reduced.The characteristics of for two kinds of control model institutes inherently, propose two Plant the superimposed coordination control model of control model load group's power.On this basis, the association of many load groups is further devised Adjust control strategy.To air conditioner load, group is emulated, demonstrate many air conditioner loads group active power modulation strategy it is effective Property.
Brief description of the drawings
The running status schematic diagram of air conditioner load group in Fig. 1 (a)-Fig. 1 (g) control model one；
The running status schematic diagram of air conditioner load group in Fig. 2 (a)-Fig. 2 (d) control model two；
Power curve contrast is closed in air conditioner load clustering in tri- kinds of control models of Fig. 3；
Many loads group under Fig. 4 network constraints coordinates control framework figure；
Fig. 5 control models one and the load of control model two group coordinate control schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is more, and load group coordinates control schematic diagram；
The many load groups of Fig. 7 coordinate air conditioner load group's power decrement curve of control.
Specific embodiment：
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
By taking air conditioner load as an example, devise two kinds and consider the load control mode that load diversity recovers, and propose sky Adjust load restoration control strategy.On this basis, for two kinds of control models institute it is intrinsic the characteristics of, propose two kinds of control model knots The coordination control model of conjunction.Further provide many load group coordination control strategies.To air conditioner load, group emulates, and demonstrates The validity of many load group coordination control strategies.
On air conditioner load model：Air-conditioning has cycling characteristic：When the air-conditioning of refrigerating state opens operation, air conditioning chamber Interior temperature drop, when closure of border temperature value is reached, air-conditioning is closed；During air-conditioning is closed, in air-conditioning indoor temperature Rise, when unlatching boundary temperature value is reached, air-conditioning is again turned on.Principle according to heat balance relatively accurately establishes air-conditioning and bears Lotus physical model, it is contemplated that influence of the factor such as thermal capacitance of solar radiation amount, the trend in house and wall to indoor heat, The state-space representation of three ranks can be used：
Wherein,
In formula：xewIt is exterior wall mean temperature；xinIt is indoor temperature；xiwIt is interior wall mean temperature；CewIt is external wall thermal capacitance； CinIt is indoor object (including air and furniture etc.) thermal capacitance；CiwIt is interior walls thermal capacitance；IeqFor the sun is radiated interior by window And the heat that indoor object is produced；IewIt is the power of solar radiation to external wall；IdevIt is the rated power of air-conditioning；M (t) is sky The on off state of tune, 0 represents closing, and 1 represents unlatching；RcewIt is the thermal resistance between outdoor environment and external wall；RewIt is external wall The 1/2 of equivalent thermal resistance；RgsIt is the equivalent thermal resistance of outside window；RiwIt is the 1/2 of the equivalent thermal resistance of indoor wall；XextIt is outdoor temp Degree；Xadj-rIt is adjacent room temperature.
On the basis of the rank physical model of single air conditioner three, many parameter distribution inequalities are realized using Monte Carlo simulation The polymerization of even air conditioner load, tries to achieve the average running status and power demand of load group t at any time.
Consider the load curtailment strategy that load diversity recovers：The design temperature of air-conditioning is adjusted, its start and stop state is controlled.When System emergent power vacancy, heightens the design temperature in refrigerating state air-conditioning, reduces the power demand of air conditioner load group；Instead It, turns down the design temperature of air-conditioning.During spatial load forecasting, the destruction of load diversity can be all caused, cause load group Aggregate power is vibrated, and adverse effect is brought to system operation.The application devises two kinds of load control modes, after recovering control Two kinds of control model mechanism in text all by taking the design temperature for heightening air-conditioning as an example, are analyzed by load diversity.
Control model one：In control model one shown in the running status such as Fig. 1 (a)-Fig. 1 (g) of air conditioner load group, wherein, Fig. 1 (a) air conditioner loads group's normal operating condition；Fig. 1 (b) air conditioner loads group's design temperature heightens running status；Fig. 1 (c) air-conditionings Load group opens the minimum running status of number；Fig. 1 (d) air conditioner loads group be inBetween air conditioner load start to reach former temperature Time-termination operation state on degree；Fig. 1 (e) air conditioner loads group reaches transient state design temperatureRunning status；Fig. 1 (f) air conditioner loads group Reach transient state design temperatureRunning status；The new steady-state operating condition of Fig. 1 (g) air conditioner loads group；Figure Oxford gray line is represented Air conditioner load group's probability density in off status, light grey line represents the air conditioner load group's probability density in open state,The bound of the preceding air-conditioning design temperature of control, θ are represented respectively+、θ-Air-conditioning design temperature is upper and lower after expression is controlled respectively Limit, δ is the value of heightening of design temperature, and Δ is the difference that boundary temperature value was closed and opened to air-conditioning.
Implement control model one to air conditioner load group, what running status was closed in air conditioner load clustering is divided into following several stages It is analyzed：
1) before controlling, the probability density of air conditioner load group's on and off is in continuous variable condition, as shown in Fig. 1 (a). The a certain moment is empty by opening the air-conditioning number that switchs to close running status and essentially identical by air-conditioning number that pass switchs to open shop state Adjust the aggregate power excursion very little of load group.
2) air conditioner load is implemented to control, indoor temperature is between new settings lowest temperature and old design temperature lower limit All air-conditionings are closed, shown in such as Fig. 1 (b).The power demand of air conditioner load group can be immediately reduced after control.
3) after spatial load forecasting,Without air conditioner load operation in temperature range.Therefore, only reached within a period of time Lowest temperature θ-The air conditioner load of closing, nothing reaches temperature upper limit θ+The air conditioner load of unlatching, i.e. air conditioner load aggregate power continue After being decreased until that reaching the group of air conditioner load shown in Fig. 1 (c) opens the minimum running status of number, on air conditioner load aggregate power starts Rise.
4) it is in when the running status of air conditioner load group reaches the group of air conditioner load shown in Fig. 1 (d)Between air-conditioning During running status when load starts to reach former temperature upper limit, it is at once after implementing controlBetween air conditioner load not Temperature upper limit is reached, indoor temperature continues to rise, until temperature upper limitWithAfterwards, air-conditioning enters closed mode, such as Fig. 1 (e) With Fig. 1 (f) Suo Shi.
5) after terminating this cycle of operation, the transition design temperature upper limit is setWithThe temperature upper limit adjustment of air conditioner load It is θ+, such as shown in Fig. 1 (g).WithThe transition design temperature upper limit is represented as, control is made by setting the transition design temperature upper limit The probability density of the load group after system is continuous.Air conditioner load group's periodic duty between new temperature bound, air conditioner load group The probability density of on and off is in consecutive variations state with the cycle period work of air-conditioning, and the aggregate power of air conditioner load group exists New stable state is reached after a cycle after control.
Control model two：In control model two shown in the running status such as Fig. 2 (a)-Fig. 2 (d) of air conditioner load group, wherein, Fig. 2 (a) air conditioner loads group's intermediate state of operation 1；Fig. 2 (b) air conditioner loads group's intermediate state of operation 2；Fig. 2 (c) air conditioner loads group Intermediate state of operation 3；The new steady-state operating condition of Fig. 2 (d) air conditioner loads group.Operation shape is closed in air conditioner load clustering after implementing control The following several stages that are divided into of state are analyzed：
1) after controlling, the upper limit of the design temperature of air-conditioning is set to θ+, lowest temperature keeps constant, such as shown in Fig. 2 (a).
2) after the control in first cycle of operation of air-conditioning, when air-conditioning reaches lowest temperatureAfter changing running status, Limit is set to θ at a temperature of air-conditioning-, air-conditioning is in new temperature bound θ+、θ-Between run, such as Fig. 2 (b) and Fig. 2 (c) figures institute Show.
3) when all of air conditioner load between new temperature bound all when running, air conditioner load group reaches new steady State, the probability density of air conditioner load group's on and off does not destroy negative as the cycle period work of air-conditioning is in consecutive variations state Lotus diversity.
Two kinds of control model contrasts：By two kinds of mechanism of control model, it can be deduced that such as draw a conclusion：Control model one and control Molding formula two can recover the load group's diversity after control；To there is power rush in control model one (big during control Power section is closed in the clustering of control preload), control model two does not exist power rush during controlling；Control model one Fast response time, can be with the control of response system primary frequency modulation time scale.The response speed of control model two is slow, can respond Time scale control more long.Air-conditioning is mined massively and carry out polymerization emulation with Monte Carlo Analogue Method, directly adjusted according to control command The power aggregate power curve comparison of the control mode of design temperature high and control model one and control model two as shown in figure 3, Further demonstrate above-mentioned conclusion.
Load restoration control strategy：In order to not cause obvious negative effect to user power utilization, it is necessary to recover the setting of air-conditioning Temperature.During recovery, it is impossible to which emergent power recovers peak, and adverse effect is otherwise brought to operation of power networks.At the same time, The diversity of recovery load is needed, is that load group response control instruction next time is prepared.Present applicant proposes entering at times The control strategy of row load restoration.After control, the setting before control is returned to according to control model two after the n cycle of load operation Temperature, n is random integers, such as the random integers between 1~3.
Many loads group of the application coordinates control, and many load groups coordinate control framework：Many load groups coordinate control framework such as Shown in Fig. 4, the controllable air conditioner load to each load bus carries out a point group, and different load group can use different control moulds Formula.Measurement apparatus, the running state information of Real-time Collection sample load are installed on sample air conditioner load in each load group：Bag Include the meteorological datas related to load operating region such as the termination property of load, temperature, humidity, wind speed, sunshine, external control life Order etc., uploads to grid control centre, estimates the running status of load group.In grid control centre load coordinated control device according to The active power desired value that load need to be tracked, with reference to the running status of power system, formulates the control instruction of load group.When some Load is mined massively with load control mode for the moment, can participate in the control of the primary frequency modulation and longer time yardstick of power system.For The power rush in load control mode one is eliminated, group implements load control mode two to other parts load, make implementation different General power no longer emergent power impact after load group's superposition of control strategy, realizes the coordination control between many load groups.
Many load groups coordinate control：
Assuming that a certain load is mined massively with control model one, t1Moment load responding system control reduces power demand, empty Load clustering is adjusted to close changed power curve as shown in phantom in Figure 5；t2Moment controls another load on the load bus to mine massively use Control model two, air conditioner load clustering closes changed power curve as shown in Fig. 5 dotted lines, makes Δ P2-ΔP1=ε, wherein ε are scheduled to last Power change values, Δ P are closed in the air conditioner load clustering of prestige1、ΔP2As shown as icons.ΔP1：Load clustering is closed in control model 1 The peak value of power；
ΔP2：The minimum value of load group aggregate power in control model 2.Implement the power of the load group of different control strategies Inactivity impact, shown in solid in such as Fig. 5 after superposition.Coordinate it is critical only that for control using two kinds of control model load groups：Root According to the Δ P after load group control in control model one1+ ε sizes and moment t3Determine the control instruction of load group in control model two ΔP2Size and response moment t2, according to Δ P2The size of load group's design temperature change can be further determined that.
Assuming that the parameter distribution of air conditioner load is uniform, the fall off rate and air-conditioning of indoor temperature close rear chamber when air-conditioning is opened Interior temperature rate-of-rise is equal and (the corresponding speed of control model one and two is respectively v for constant v1、v2).Then Δ P1And t3Can Tried to achieve with by formula (4) and (5)：
t3=(2 Δ-δ)/v1 (5)
Wherein, f1It is t3Moment is in air conditioner load group's probability density of open state, can be adopted according to the information of sample load Tried to achieve with Monte Carlo simulation；It is the upper limit of integral of formula 4.
Information according to sample load, using the operation of the load of control model two group, can be intended using Monte-Carlo Simulation Close out design temperature change Delta TsetThe relation between changed power minimum is closed with air conditioner load clustering, further by Δ P2= ΔP1+ ε can obtain control instruction Δ TsetSize.The moment t of control2Can be tried to achieve by formula (6)：
t2=t3-δ/v2 (6)
On Δ TsetAsk for, the information according to sample load using Monte-Carlo Simulation using control model two it is negative The operation of lotus group, fits design temperature change Delta TsetThe relation between changed power minimum, root are closed with air conditioner load clustering Changed power minimum is closed according to the clustering of target air conditioner load try to achieve Δ Tset, and not according to formula tries to achieve.
Control model one and control model two coordinate the total load group after control can with the load of homospecificity group or its He coordinates control using the load group of control model two, realizes that the external behavior of total load group is controllable, as shown in fig. 6, figure In each load group control in contain load restoration control strategy.
Simulation analysis, example system：
Assuming that there is the air conditioner load group that a number of units is 10000, parameter is sampled in interval, influences air-conditioning work The external environment of state change and the probability distribution of initial value parameter value and parameter are as shown in table 1, thermal resistance, heat in air conditioning chamber As shown in table 2, difference DELTA=0.5 DEG C of boundary temperature value is closed and opened to air-conditioning to the probability distribution of capacitance and its obedience.
Table 1. influences the probability distribution and parameter distribution range of air-conditioning work factor
The probability distribution and parameter value of the air-conditioning room parameter of table 2.
Simulation result：Many load group coordination control strategy checkings
Assuming that there are 8 number of units to be 10000 air conditioner load group, using its operation of Monte-Carlo Simulation.Air-conditioning sets Temperature heightens 0.2 DEG C according to control model two, and operation n (random integers between 1~3) is after the individual cycle according still further to control model two Return to the design temperature before control.Load group coordinates the power decrement change curve such as figure of air conditioner load group after control Shown in 7.
The application considers that load diversity recovers load control mode and air-conditioning by taking air conditioner load as an example devising two kinds On the basis of load restoration control strategy, for two kinds of control models institute it is intrinsic the characteristics of, propose that two kinds of control models are combined Coordination control model, and further devise the coordination control strategy of many loads group.To air conditioner load, group is emulated, and is tested The validity of the active power modulation strategy of many air conditioner load groups is demonstrate,proved.
Although above-mentioned be described with reference to accompanying drawing to specific embodiment of the invention, not to present invention protection model The limitation enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not Need the various modifications made by paying creative work or deformation still within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of active power modulator approach of many air conditioner loads group, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps：
Controllable air conditioner load to each load bus carries out a point group；
Measurement apparatus are installed on sample air conditioner load in each load group, the running state information of Real-time Collection sample load is simultaneously Grid control centre is uploaded to, the running status of load group is estimated；
The active power desired value that load coordinated control device need to be tracked according to load in grid control centre, with reference to the fortune of load group Row state, formulates the control instruction of load group；
When some loads mine massively use can recover control after load group's diversity but there is during control power rush During the first load control mode, the control of the primary frequency modulation and longer time yardstick of network system is participated under the control model；
To eliminate the power rush in the first load control mode, other parts load group is implemented that the load after control can be recovered In the absence of the second load control mode of power rush during group's diversity but control, make the negative of the different control strategies of implementation General power no longer emergent power impact after lotus group's superposition, realizes the coordination control between many load groups.
2. the active power modulator approach of a kind of many air conditioner loads groups as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, sample load Running state information includes the termination property of load, temperature, humidity, wind speed, the sunshine meteorological number related to load operating region According to and external control order.
3. the active power modulator approach of a kind of many air conditioner loads groups as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, realizing bearing more When lotus group coordinates control, it is assumed that a certain load is mined massively and uses the first load control mode, t1Moment load responding system control drop Low-power requirements, to that should there is corresponding air conditioner load clustering to close changed power curve；t2Moment controls another on the load bus Load is mined massively and uses the second load control mode, to that should have corresponding air conditioner load clustering to close changed power curve, makes Δ P2-ΔP1 =ε, wherein ε are that power change values are closed in desired air conditioner load clustering.
4. the active power modulator approach of a kind of many air conditioner loads groups as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, it is negative according to first Δ P in lotus control model after load group control1+ ε sizes and moment t3Determine the control of load group in the second load control mode Instruction Δ P2Size and response moment t2, according to Δ P2Further determine that the size of load group's design temperature change.
5. the active power modulator approach of a kind of many air conditioner loads groups as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, it is assumed that air-conditioning is born The parameter distribution of lotus is uniform, and temperature rate-of-rise is equal in fall off rate and air-conditioning the closing rear chamber of indoor temperature when air-conditioning is opened And be constant v, the first load control mode and the corresponding speed of the second load control mode are respectively v1、v2, then Δ P1And t3By Following formula is tried to achieve：
ΔP 1 = ∫ θ + θ + + θ T 2 + f 1 d T
t3=(2 Δ-δ)/v1
Wherein, f1It is t3Moment is in air conditioner load group's probability density of open state, and the information according to sample load uses Meng Teka Lip river simulation is tried to achieve；δ is the value of heightening of design temperature, and Δ is the difference that boundary temperature value was closed and opened to air-conditioning Value.
6. the active power modulator approach of a kind of many air conditioner loads groups as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, it is negative according to sample The information of lotus, using the operation of the second load control mode control load group, fits design temperature using Monte-Carlo Simulation Change Delta TsetThe relation between changed power minimum is closed with air conditioner load clustering, further by Δ P2=Δ P1+ ε is controlled Instruction Δ TsetSize, the moment t of control2Obtained by following formula：
t2=t3-δ/v2；
Wherein, δ heightens value for design temperature.
7. the active power modulator approach of a kind of many air conditioner loads group as described in claim 1-6 is any, it is characterized in that, for First load control mode, including with the next stage：
1) before controlling, the probability density of air conditioner load group's on and off is in continuous variable condition, and a certain moment switchs to close by opening The air-conditioning number of running status and, the aggregate power of air conditioner load group essentially identical by air-conditioning number that pass switchs to open shop state Excursion very little；
2) air conditioner load is implemented to control, indoor temperature is in all between new settings lowest temperature and old design temperature lower limit Air-conditioning is closed, and the power demand of air conditioner load group can be immediately reduced after control；
3) after spatial load forecasting,Without air conditioner load operation in temperature range, therefore, only reach temperature within a period of time Lower limit θ-The air conditioner load of closing, nothing reaches temperature upper limit θ+The air conditioner load of unlatching, i.e. air conditioner load aggregate power continuous decrease Until after the first state for reaching setting, air conditioner load aggregate power begins to ramp up；
4) when the running status of air conditioner load group reaches the second state of setting, it is at once after implementing controlBetween Air conditioner load be not up to temperature upper limit, indoor temperature continues to rise, until temperature upper limitWithAfterwards, air-conditioning enters closing shape State；
5) after terminating this cycle of operation, the transition design temperature upper limit is setWithThe temperature upper limit of air conditioner load is adjusted to θ+, Air conditioner load group's periodic duty between new temperature bound, probability density the following with air-conditioning of air conditioner load group's on and off Ring cycling is in consecutive variations state, is reached after a cycle of the aggregate power after control of air conditioner load group new steady State；
The bound of the preceding air-conditioning design temperature of control, θ are represented respectively+、θ-Air-conditioning design temperature after controlling is represented respectively Bound, δ is the value of heightening of design temperature, and Δ is the difference that boundary temperature value was closed and opened to air-conditioning.
8. the active power modulator approach of a kind of many air conditioner loads group as described in claim 1-6 is any, it is characterized in that, for Second load control mode, including with the next stage：
1) after controlling, the upper limit of the design temperature of air-conditioning is set to θ+, lowest temperature keep it is constant；
2) after the control in first cycle of operation of air-conditioning, when air-conditioning reaches lowest temperatureAfter changing running status, air-conditioning Lowest temperature be set to θ-, air-conditioning is in new temperature bound θ+、θ-Between run；
Represent the lower limit of the preceding air-conditioning design temperature of control, θ+、θ-The bound of air-conditioning design temperature after controlling is represented respectively；
3) when all of air conditioner load between new temperature bound all when running, air conditioner load group reaches new stable state, The probability density of air conditioner load group's on and off is in consecutive variations state with the cycle period work of air-conditioning, and non-failing load is more Sample.
9. the active power modulator approach of a kind of many air conditioner loads groups as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the air-conditioning is born Lotus uses the rank physical model of single air conditioner three, and the uneven air conditioner load of many parameter distributions is realized using Monte Carlo simulation Polymerization, tries to achieve the average running status and power demand of load group t at any time.
10. the active power modulator approach of a kind of many air conditioner loads groups as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the above-mentioned moment t1、t2And t3Relation be：t1：The control moment of the first load control mode；t2：The control moment of the second load control mode； t3：The peak value moment of the first load control mode；
t1With the peak value moment t that the working characteristics of load group determines the first load control mode3, t3Work with load group is special Property determines the control moment t of the second load control mode2。
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CN108426351A (en) * 2018-03-09 2018-08-21 广西大学 The real-time optimal scheduling method that air conditioning system with variable responsive electricity grid frequency is adjusted
CN108805445B (en) * 2018-06-08 2021-07-06 浙江大学 Grouping sequence scheduling method for providing rotary standby for air conditioner load group
CN108805445A (en) * 2018-06-08 2018-11-13 浙江大学 A kind of air conditioner load group provides the order of packets dispatching method of spinning reserve
CN108800429A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-11-13 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 A kind of modulator approach of air-conditioning group's responsive electricity grid stability contorting based on probabilistic model
CN108800429B (en) * 2018-06-29 2020-04-21 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 Modulation method for response power grid stability control of air conditioner group based on probability model
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CN113067340A (en) * 2021-03-25 2021-07-02 山东大学 Dynamic state estimation method and system for constant temperature control load system
CN113067340B (en) * 2021-03-25 2023-02-28 山东大学 Dynamic state estimation method and system for constant temperature control load system
CN113420413A (en) * 2021-05-27 2021-09-21 国网上海市电力公司电力科学研究院 Flexible load adjustability quantification method and system based on load plasticity
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