CN106920223A - A kind of small echo and rational rank partial differential joint image Enhancement Method - Google Patents
A kind of small echo and rational rank partial differential joint image Enhancement Method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention is to provide a kind of small echo and rational rank partial differential joint image Enhancement Method.The visible images and infrared image on UUV seas under acquisition surge environment；The improvement template in 3 directions of rational rank partial differential operator is obtained using the image enhaucament model based on rational rank partial differential；Wavelet decomposition is carried out respectively to infrared image and visible images, high and low frequency wavelet coefficient is obtained；Wavelet low frequency coefficient and high frequency coefficient are processed with rational rank partial differential operator template and 3 improvement templates in direction, for extracting image edge information；Then to image information wavelet inverse transformation, Image Reconstruction is carried out, obtains the visible images and infrared image on UUV seas under enhanced surge environment.The enhanced image of the method for the present invention reaches preferable enhancing effect in terms of image definition and medium, high frequency Edge texture details.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of infrared and visual light imaging technology, especially a kind of image enchancing method.
Background technology
Rational rank partial differential algorithm for image enhancement can to a certain extent strengthen the high fdrequency component and smooth figure of image
The low frequency component of picture, but it is not ideal enough to the Edge texture details enhancing effect of image medium, high frequency.
Document《Image enhaucament new model based on rational rank partial differential》(Sichuan University's journal (natural science edition),
In January, 2016, the 1st phase of volume 53) fractional order and integer rank calculus theory are combined, brand-new rational rank differential is derived,
So as to construct the image enhaucament model based on rational rank partial differential in spatial domain, new model has merged integer rank differential and has divided
The number rank respective advantage of differential, compensate for respective deficiency, and enhancing model is realized using rational rank partial differential mask operator
Numerical computations, the high fdrequency component and smoothed image low frequency component of the method enhancing image can obtain the increasing of consecutive variations to image
Potent fruit, but it is undesirable to the grain details enhancing effect at image medium, high frequency edge.
Document《Small echo and fractional order differential joint image enhancing algorithm》(control engineering, in September, 2015, volume 22 the 5th
Phase) combine the enhancing image medium, high frequency marginal information and fractional order differential algorithm for image enhancement of Wavelet image enhancing algorithm
It is non-linear retain image low-frequency information advantage, but to strengthen image high fdrequency component and smoothed image low frequency component effect not
Good, image can not obtain the enhancing effect of consecutive variations.
The content of the invention
Infrared image can be remarkably reinforced it is an object of the invention to provide one kind and visible images medium, high frequency Edge texture is thin
The small echo and rational rank partial differential joint image Enhancement Method of section information.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
1st, obtain surge environment under UUV seas visible images and infrared image；
2nd, 3 directions of rational rank partial differential operator are obtained using the image enhaucament model based on rational rank partial differential
Improvement template；
3rd, wavelet decomposition is carried out respectively to infrared image and visible images, obtains high and low frequency wavelet coefficient；
4th, wavelet low frequency coefficient and high frequency are processed with rational rank partial differential operator template and 3 improvement templates in direction
Coefficient, for extracting image edge information；
5 and then to image information wavelet inverse transformation, Image Reconstruction is carried out, obtain UUV seas under enhanced surge environment
Visible images and infrared image.
The present invention can also include：
1st, the improvement template in 3 directions is that using the time-frequency characteristic of wavelet algorithm, design is gone horizontal direction, goes to hang down
Nogata to, go the improvement template in diagonally opposed 3 directions, going horizontal direction to improve template is used to extract on image level direction
Vertical direction and diagonally opposed high-frequency information；Vertical direction template is gone for the horizontal direction extracted in image vertical direction and right
Angular direction high-frequency information；Go diagonally opposed template for extract image it is diagonally opposed on horizontally and vertically high frequency believe
Breath.
2nd, it is described that wavelet decomposition is carried out respectively to infrared image and visible images, obtain high and low frequency wavelet coefficient
Step includes：
(1), obtaining wavelet decomposition formula according to Mallat algorithms is：
FormulaIt is the wavelet decomposition process of image low-frequency information, h [k] is
Ideal low-pass filter, aj+1[k] is the discrete low frequency decomposed information of (j+1) level, is by upper level i.e. j-th stage low-frequency information aj
[k] is obtained with h [k] convolutional calculation；FormulaIt is the small echo of image high-frequency information
Decomposable process, g [k] is high-pass filter, dj+1[k] is (j+1) level discrete high frequency decomposed information, is by upper level i.e. j-th stage
Low-frequency information aj[k] carries out convolutional calculation and obtains with g [k]；
(2) one layer of wavelet decomposition, is carried out to image f (x, y), the wavelet coefficient da of low-frequency image L is obtained, horizontal direction is high
Frequency image Hl, vertical direction high frequency imaging Hv, the wavelet coefficient dl of 3 direction high frequency imagings of diagonally opposed high frequency imaging Hd,
dv、dd。
3rd, it is described processed with rational rank partial differential operator template and 3 improvement templates in direction wavelet low frequency coefficient and
High frequency coefficient is specifically included：
(1) low-frequency image wavelet coefficient da is processed with rational rank partial differential operator template, is obtained
(2) the wavelet coefficient dl that horizontal direction improves template treatment horizontal direction high frequency imaging Hl is spent, is obtained
(3) the wavelet coefficient dv that vertical direction improves template treatment vertical high frequency image Hv is spent, is obtained
(4) the wavelet coefficient dd that diagonally opposed improvement template processes diagonal high frequency imaging Hd is spent, is obtained
4th, it is described to image information wavelet inverse transformation, Image Reconstruction is carried out, obtain UUV seas under enhanced surge environment
The step of visible images and infrared image, includes：
(1) signal reconstruct formula is：
Wavelet information reconstruct is that wavelet information decomposes inverse process, j-th stage image low-frequency information aj[k] is by (j+1) level figure
As low-frequency information aj+1[k+1] and image high-frequency information dj+1[k] is pressedFormula is reconstructed
Arrive；For ideal low-pass filter, g [k] is ideal highpass filter to h [k]；
(2) to wavelet coefficientInverse wavelet transform is carried out, i.e. wavelet information reconstruct finally gives side
The enhanced new images of edge detailed information
In order to admirably achieve the enhancing effect of medium, high frequency Edge texture information, the present invention proposes small echo and rational rank
Partial differential joint image strengthens algorithm.Time-frequency characteristic using wavelet algorithm strengthens image border texture information, image
The high-frequency information and low-frequency information of multiple directions are broken down into after wavelet decomposition, using rational rank partial differential operator template and
New improved template carries out the further extraction of marginal information to each component information after decomposition, then image information reconstruct,
Obtain strengthening image.Enhanced image reaches preferably enhancing in terms of image definition and medium, high frequency Edge texture details
Effect.By experiment simulation, visually observation enhancing image and the analysis for carrying out image quantitative target, it is known that, side of the invention
Method is compared with rational rank partial differential algorithm for image enhancement, and method of the present invention image definition and medium, high frequency Edge texture are thin
Enhancing effect in terms of section is better than single rational rank partial differential algorithm.
Small echo of the invention and rational rank partial differential joint image Enhancement Method not only remain rational rank partial differential
The high fdrequency component of algorithm enhancing image and the effect of smoothed image low frequency component, and clearly enhance infrared image and visible ray
Image medium, high frequency Edge texture detailed information, fully combines small echo with two methods of rational rank partial differential to image enhaucament
Advantage, compensate for respective deficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 e are the method for the present invention and UUV seas under the surge environment of rational rank partial differential algorithm for image enhancement
The infrared image enhancement effect contrast figure in face.Wherein Fig. 2 a are artwork；Fig. 2 b strengthen for p=1.6 rational rank partial differentials algorithm
Image；Fig. 2 c are that p=1.6 the inventive method strengthens image；Fig. 2 d are that p=1.8 rational rank partial differentials algorithm strengthens image；Figure
2e is that p=1.8 the inventive method strengthens image.
Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 e are the method for the present invention and UUV seas under rational rank partial differential algorithm for image enhancement surge environment
Visible images enhancing effect comparison diagram.Wherein Fig. 3 a are artwork；Fig. 3 b strengthen for p=1.6 rational rank partial differentials algorithm
Image；Fig. 3 c are that p=1.6 the inventive method strengthens image；Fig. 3 d are that p=1.8 rational rank partial differentials algorithm strengthens image；Figure
3e is that p=1.8 the inventive method strengthens image.
Fig. 4 a- Fig. 4 f are imitated for the infrared image enhancement on method of the present invention UUV seas under surge environment under different rank
Fruit comparison diagram.Wherein Fig. 4 a are original image；Fig. 4 b are p=1.2；Fig. 4 c are p=1.4；Fig. 4 d are p=1.6；Fig. 4 e are p=
1.8；Fig. 4 f are p=2.0.
Fig. 5 is the visible images enhancing effect pair on method of the present invention UUV seas under surge environment under different rank
Than figure.Wherein Fig. 5 a are original image；Fig. 5 b are p=1.2；Fig. 5 c are p=1.4；Fig. 5 d are p=1.6；Fig. 5 e are p=1.8；
Fig. 5 f are p=2.0.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the present invention be described in more detail, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited to it is following
It is described.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of small echo and rational rank partial differential joint image enhancing algorithm, comprise the following steps：
1st, the improvement of rational rank partial differential operator is obtained using the image enhaucament new model based on rational rank partial differential
Template, according to the time-frequency characteristic of wavelet algorithm, devise 3 directions (go horizontal direction, go vertical direction, go it is diagonally opposed)
Template is improved, it is to further extract the vertical direction on image level direction and diagonally opposed to go horizontal direction to improve template
High-frequency information；It is to further extract the horizontal direction in image vertical direction and diagonally opposed high frequency to go vertical direction template
Information；Go diagonally opposed template and be in order to further extract image it is diagonally opposed on horizontally and vertically high frequency letter
Breath.The template of rational rank partial differential operator is shown in Table 1.Rational rank partial differential operator improves template：Horizontal direction template is gone to see
Table 2, goes vertical direction template to be shown in Table 3, goes diagonally opposed template to be shown in Table 4.
The template of the rational rank partial differential operator of table 1
Table 2 goes horizontal direction template
Table 3 goes vertical direction template
Table 4 goes diagonally opposed template
2nd, wavelet decomposition is carried out respectively to infrared image and visible images, obtains high and low frequency wavelet coefficient.
(1) know that wavelet decomposition formula is as follows according to Mallat algorithms：
(1) formula is the wavelet decomposition process of image low-frequency information, and h [k] is ideal low-pass filter, aj+1[k] is (j+
1) the discrete low frequency decomposed information of level, is by upper level (j-th stage) low-frequency information aj[k] is obtained with h [k] convolutional calculation；(2) formula is
The wavelet decomposition process of image high-frequency information, g [k] is high-pass filter, dj+1[k] is that (j+1) level discrete high frequency decomposes letter
Breath, is by upper level (j-th stage) low-frequency information aj[k] carries out convolutional calculation and obtains with g [k].
(2) one layer of wavelet decomposition is carried out to image f (x, y), the wavelet coefficient da of low-frequency image L, 3 direction high frequencies is obtained
The wavelet coefficient dl of image (horizontal direction high frequency imaging Hl, vertical direction high frequency imaging Hv, diagonally opposed high frequency imaging Hd),
dv、dd。
3rd, wavelet low frequency coefficient and high frequency system are processed with rational rank partial differential operator template and new improved 3 templates
Number, in order to extract image edge information.
(1) image low frequency profile, is preferably extracted, low-frequency image wavelet systems is processed with rational rank partial differential operator template
Number da, obtains
(2), more preferably to extract vertical, diagonally opposed edge detail information, spend horizontal direction and improve template treatment level
The wavelet coefficient dl of direction high frequency imaging Hl, obtains
(3), more preferably to extract level, diagonally opposed edge detail information, spend vertical direction and improve template treatment vertically
The wavelet coefficient dv of high frequency imaging Hv, obtains
(4), more preferably to extract level, vertical direction edge detail information, diagonally opposed improvement template treatment is spent diagonal
The wavelet coefficient dd of high frequency imaging Hd, obtains
4th, to image information wavelet inverse transformation, Image Reconstruction is carried out, obtains the visible of UUV seas under enhanced surge environment
Light image and infrared image.
(1) signal reconstruct formula is：
Wavelet information reconstruct is that wavelet information decomposes inverse process, j-th stage image low-frequency information aj[k] is by (j+1) level figure
As low-frequency information aj+1[k+1] and image high-frequency information dj+1[k] is obtained by the reconstruct of (6) formula；H [k] for ideal low-pass filter,
G [k] is ideal highpass filter.
(2) to wavelet coefficientInverse wavelet transform, that is, wavelet information reconstruct are carried out, it is final to obtain
To the new images that edge detail information is enhanced
In order to comprehensively contrast the image enhancement effects of the present invention and rational rank partial differential algorithm, the present invention is respectively adopted
The infrared image and visible images on UUV seas carry out emulation experiment under surge environment, and image enhancement effects comparison diagram is to use
The emulation that Matlab2014a is carried out.The image shot under surge environment is very fuzzy, it is desirable to obtain the good image of enhancing effect simultaneously
It is not easy, Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 e and Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 e are the image enhancement effects comparison diagrams of the present invention and rational rank partial differential algorithm.
Then also emulation experiment has been done in match exponents change to the present invention, and the infrared figure on UUV seas under surge environment is respectively adopted
Picture and visible images carry out emulation experiment, image enhancement effects of the present invention under different rank are compared see Fig. 4 a- Fig. 4 f,
Fig. 5 a- Fig. 5 f.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of small echo and rational rank partial differential joint image Enhancement Method, it is characterized in that：
(1) obtain surge environment under UUV seas visible images and infrared image；
(2) 3 directions of rational rank partial differential operator are obtained using the image enhaucament model based on rational rank partial differential
Improve template；
(3) wavelet decomposition is carried out respectively to infrared image and visible images, obtains high and low frequency wavelet coefficient；
(4) wavelet low frequency coefficient and high frequency system are processed with rational rank partial differential operator template and 3 improvement templates in direction
Number, for extracting image edge information；
(5) and then to image information wavelet inverse transformation, Image Reconstruction is carried out, obtain UUV seas under enhanced surge environment can
See light image and infrared image.
2. small echo according to claim 1 and rational rank partial differential joint image Enhancement Method, it is characterized in that：Described 3
The improvement template in individual direction is that using the time-frequency characteristic of wavelet algorithm, design is gone horizontal direction, goes vertical direction, goes diagonal side
To 3 improvement templates in direction, going horizontal direction to improve template is used for the vertical direction extracted on image level direction and diagonal
Direction high-frequency information；Vertical direction template is gone to believe for the horizontal direction extracted in image vertical direction and diagonally opposed high frequency
Breath；Go diagonally opposed template for extract image it is diagonally opposed on horizontally and vertically high-frequency information.
3. small echo according to claim 2 and rational rank partial differential joint image Enhancement Method, it is characterized in that：It is described right
Infrared image and visible images carry out wavelet decomposition respectively, include the step of obtain high and low frequency wavelet coefficient：
(1), obtaining wavelet decomposition formula according to Mallat algorithms is：
FormulaIt is the wavelet decomposition process of image low-frequency information, h [k] is preferable
Low pass filter, aj+1[k] is the discrete low frequency decomposed information of (j+1) level, is by upper level i.e. j-th stage low-frequency information aj[k] with
H [k] convolutional calculation is obtained；FormulaIt is the wavelet decomposition mistake of image high-frequency information
Journey, g [k] is high-pass filter, dj+1[k] is (j+1) level discrete high frequency decomposed information, is believed by upper level i.e. j-th stage low frequency
Breath aj[k] carries out convolutional calculation and obtains with g [k]；
(2) one layer of wavelet decomposition, is carried out to image f (x, y), the wavelet coefficient da of low-frequency image L, horizontal direction high frequency figure is obtained
As Hl, vertical direction high frequency imaging Hv, wavelet coefficient dl, dv, dd of Hd3 direction high frequency imaging of diagonally opposed high frequency imaging.
4. small echo according to claim 3 and rational rank partial differential joint image Enhancement Method, it is characterized in that the use
Rational rank partial differential operator template and 3 improvement templates in direction are specifically wrapped processing wavelet low frequency coefficient and high frequency coefficient
Include：
(1) low-frequency image wavelet coefficient da is processed with rational rank partial differential operator template, is obtained
(2) the wavelet coefficient dl that horizontal direction improves template treatment horizontal direction high frequency imaging Hl is spent, is obtained
(3) the wavelet coefficient dv that vertical direction improves template treatment vertical high frequency image Hv is spent, is obtained
(4) the wavelet coefficient dd that diagonally opposed improvement template processes diagonal high frequency imaging Hd is spent, is obtained
5. small echo according to claim 4 and rational rank partial differential joint image Enhancement Method, it is characterized in that described right
Image information wavelet inverse transformation, carries out Image Reconstruction, obtains under enhanced surge environment the visible images on UUV seas and infrared
The step of image, includes：
(1) signal reconstruct formula is：
Wavelet information reconstruct is that wavelet information decomposes inverse process, j-th stage image low-frequency information aj[k] is by (j+1) level image low frequency
Information aj+1[k+1] and image high-frequency information dj+1[k] is pressedFormula reconstruct is obtained；h[k]
For ideal low-pass filter, g [k] is ideal highpass filter；
(2) to wavelet coefficientInverse wavelet transform is carried out, i.e. wavelet information reconstruct finally gives edge thin
The enhanced new images of section information
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