CN106919214A - A kind of control method for hull cell MPPT - Google Patents
A kind of control method for hull cell MPPT Download PDFInfo
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- CN106919214A CN106919214A CN201510987861.8A CN201510987861A CN106919214A CN 106919214 A CN106919214 A CN 106919214A CN 201510987861 A CN201510987861 A CN 201510987861A CN 106919214 A CN106919214 A CN 106919214A
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- maximum power
- power point
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of control method for hull cell MPPT, intensity of illumination and it is temperature-resistant in the case of, maximum power point is found using the Newton Interpolation Algorithm of variable-gain structure changes, produce set-point, to control DC capacitor voltage, and then controlling the maximum electric power of hull cell array to export, described searching maximum power point employs the method that the Newton optimization of variable-gain structure changes three samples is combined with variable step, and it is comprised the following steps that：Only select first three items and remove remainder, increased when three sampled points are in maximum power point homonymy or reduce step-length, then, if the product of slope is zero, intermediate point is exported with Newton Interpolation Algorithm output fitting maximum power point at maximum power point both sides.The method can significantly improve the utilization ratio of solar energy, power output can be made to reach maximum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control method, specifically a kind of control method for hull cell MPPT.
Background technology
At present, the main flow photovoltaic cell crystalline silicon solar cell on engineer applied, including monocrystalline silicon and polysilicon.But it is brilliant
There is material usage greatly in silion cell, production power consumption is high, and waste liquid waste gas environmental protection treatment is taken high inferior position, is further greatly lowered into
This space is limited.It is thin-film solar cells low cost, lightweight, device can be prepared on various cheap substrates, it is easy to
Large-scale production, with great application potential.MPPT maximum power point tracking control device present on market, mostly meeting crystalline substance
Body silicon component characteristic, maximum power point is at (600V, 8A or so)；And the maximum power point of film assembly is at (350V, 5A or so),
Need a kind of new maximum power point control device to meet photovoltaic film component maximum power output, realize that efficiency is maximized,
Economic optimization.
In actual engineer applied, intensity of illumination S and battery plate temperature T is had with the status of criterion
A certain distance, and photovoltaic module is in standard intensity of sunshine SrefIt is 1000W/m2With normal cell temperature TrefFor at 25 DEG C
The parameter for being determined, therefore our needs extrapolate the technical parameter under Practical Project environment according to the technical parameter under mark condition,
So can just obtain being suitable for the model of engineer applied.The reckoning process of correlation is given below, wherein
It is revised technical parameter.
Δ T=T-Tref (1)
C=S/Sref (2)
D=1+a Δs T (3)
E=1-c Δs T (4)
F=1+b Δs S (5)
Δ S=C-1 (6)
In the case where I-U indicatrix shapes are basically unchanged, a in above-mentioned formula, b, c can value be：A=0.0025, b=
0.5, c=0.00288.
The solar panel sum that this device is used is 60 pieces, and wherein series unit number M is taken as 20, parallel branch number N
It is taken as 3.Solar illuminating strength S is taken as 1000W/m2, solar battery array mean temperature T is taken as 25 DEG C, single solar energy
The open-circuit voltage U of cell panelocIt is taken as 22V, short circuit current IscIt is taken as 5.3A, maximum power point voltage UmIt is taken as 17.5V, maximum work
Rate point electric current ImIt is taken as 4.9A.These parameters are input into engineering model established above, can obtain sunny by oscillograph
The I-U indicatrixes and P-U curves of energy array.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of control method for hull cell MPPT, to solve above-mentioned background technology
The problem of middle proposition.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of control method for hull cell MPPT, intensity of illumination and it is temperature-resistant in the case of, using become increase
The Newton Interpolation Algorithm of beneficial structure changes finds maximum power point, produces set-point to control DC capacitor voltage, and then control
The maximum electric power output of made membrane array, described searching maximum power point employs variable-gain structure changes three samples
The method that is combined with variable step of Newton optimization, it is comprised the following steps that：Only select first three items and remove remainder, when three sampled points
Increased in maximum power point homonymy or reduce step-length, then fitting is exported with Newton Interpolation Algorithm at maximum power point both sides
Maximum power point, if the product of slope is zero, exports intermediate point；
When changing for temperature and illumination, find maximum power point and use structure changes newton differential technique；
It is constant for intensity of illumination, during temperature change, now there is system disturbance, algorithm now is：With 2 points of disturbances
Based on observation method, it is assumed that the change procedure of illumination is：1000-900-880-860-840-820-800-100w/m2, then from
100-700-740-780-810-1000w/m2, wherein there is continuous step by a small margin to successively decrease, have big Spline smoothing, also continuously
Step rises, and set step-length as 1 in program, the number of times that fluctuates is respectively 4 times on each section of 1-13,1.3 times, 1.3 times, 1.3 times,
2.3 times, 2.3 times, 1.3 times, 1.3 times, 2 times, 6 times, 2 times, 4 times, 2 times, wherein every 3 points add up to once.
As further scheme of the invention：When maximum power point is found, retain the current-voltage sampling result of three times：
V (n-2), I (n-2)；V (n-1), I (n-1)；V (n), I (n), previous slope is calculated according to this three times sampled result
With when previous slope：
If k (n-1) ＞ 0 and k (n) ＞ 0, continue to increase disturbance；If k (n-1) ＜ 0 and k (n) ＜ 0, disturbance is reduced；
If k (n-1) k (n)==0 if keep it is constant；If k (n-1) k (n) ＜ 0, need to carry out curve fitting, in peak power
Point nearby when, curve is presented parabolic shape, it is assumed that its matched curve function is：Y=ax2+ bx+c, then its derivation can be looked for
Most it is worth to fitting.
As further scheme of the invention：In terms of the written in code of control method, using RTW technologies, with imitative
True integrated technique, automatically generates control routine.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Under conditions of certain intensity of illumination and temperature, film
There is a maximum power point in the output voltage and output power curve of cell photovoltaic array, the present invention is using specifically designed for above-mentioned
The small special output characteristics of the low-voltage of hull cell, electric current, using a kind of Newton Interpolation Algorithm of variable-gain structure changes come
Maximum power point is found, the utilization ratio of solar energy can be significantly improved, power output can be made to reach maximum.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is one embodiment of hull cell single level system；
Fig. 2 is using the algorithm flow chart of structure changes Newton interpolating method searching system maximum power point；
Fig. 3 is the analogous diagram that oscillograph is compared with maximum power point voltage；
Fig. 4 is the analogous diagram that ratio resonant controller realizes the tracking to the floating of AC signal；
Fig. 5 is concrete implementation flow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1~5 are referred to, in the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of control method for hull cell MPPT, in intensity of illumination
In the case of temperature-resistant, maximum power point is found using the Newton Interpolation Algorithm of variable-gain structure changes, produces set-point,
To control DC capacitor voltage, and then the maximum electric power of hull cell array is controlled to export, described searching peak power
Point employs the method that the Newton optimization of variable-gain structure changes three samples is combined with variable step, and it is comprised the following steps that：Only select
First three items simultaneously remove remainder, are increased when three sampled points are in maximum power point homonymy or reduce step-length, in maximum power point two
Then, if the product of slope is zero, intermediate point is exported during side with Newton Interpolation Algorithm output fitting maximum power point；
When changing for temperature and illumination, find maximum power point and use structure changes newton differential technique；
It is constant for intensity of illumination, during temperature change, now there is system disturbance, algorithm now is：With 2 points of disturbances
Based on observation method, it is assumed that the change procedure of illumination is：1000-900-880-860-840-820-800-100w/m2, then from
100-700-740-780-810-1000w/m2, wherein there is continuous step by a small margin to successively decrease, have big Spline smoothing, also continuously
Step rises, and set step-length as 1 in program, the number of times that fluctuates is respectively 4 times on each section of 1-13,1.3 times, 1.3 times, 1.3 times,
2.3 times, 2.3 times, 1.3 times, 1.3 times, 2 times, 6 times, 2 times, 4 times, 2 times, wherein every 3 points add up to once.
When maximum power point is found, retain the current-voltage sampling result of three times：V (n-2), I (n-2)；V (n-1), I
(n-1)；V (n), I (n), previous slope is calculated and when previous slope according to this three times sampled result：
If k (n-1) ＞ 0 and k (n) ＞ 0, continue to increase disturbance；If k (n-1) ＜ 0 and k (n) ＜ 0, disturbance is reduced；
If k (n-1) k (n)==0 if keep it is constant；If k (n-1) k (n) ＜ 0, need to carry out curve fitting, in peak power
Point nearby when, curve is presented parabolic shape, it is assumed that its matched curve function is：Y=ax2+ bx+c, then its derivation can be looked for
Most it is worth to fitting.
In terms of the written in code of control method, using RTW technologies, with emulation integrated technology, control is automatically generated
Code.
The present invention relates to a kind of control device and method for hull cell MPPT, the advantage is that, in certain light
Under conditions of intensity and temperature, there is a peak power in the output voltage and output power curve of thin-film cell photovoltaic array
Point, here with the small special output characteristics of the low-voltage specifically designed for above-mentioned hull cell, electric current, using a kind of variable-gain
The Newton Interpolation Algorithm of structure changes finds maximum power point, can significantly improve the utilization ratio of solar energy, can make power output
Maximum is reached, produces set-point here by the above method to control DC capacitor voltage, and then control hull cell
The maximum electric power output of array.
The present invention is the output of guarantee system peak power, and this new algorithm of proposition is a kind of variable-gain structure changes base
In disturbance observation and a kind of method of curve matching, the algorithm combines the advantage of perturbation observation method simple and fast, while transport again
With the thought of mathematics the inside curve matching more accurately to find maximum power point, its thought is：Retain the electric current of three times
Voltage sample result：V (n-2), I (n-2)；V (n-1), I (n-1)；V (n), I (n), calculate according to this three times sampled result
Previous slope and when previous slope：
If k (n-1) ＞ 0 and k (n) ＞ 0, continue to increase disturbance；If k (n-1) ＜ 0 and k (n) ＜ 0, disturbance is reduced；
If k (n-1) k (n)==0 if keep it is constant；If k (n-1) k (n) ＜ 0, need to carry out curve fitting.Below specifically
The thought of Newton interpolation matched curve once.
Be can see from P-U curves, when near maximum power point, curve is presented parabolic shape, it is assumed that its
Matched curve function is：Y=ax2+ bx+c, then be most worth to find fitting by its derivation.
(1) definition of the Newton Interpolation Algorithm on difference coefficient
1. f [x are rememberedi]=f (xi) for function f (x) in xiThe zeroth order difference coefficient of point.
2. a series of values being not mutually equal of function f (x) and independent variable, x are provided with0, x1, x2,...,xn(i.e. in i ≠ j,
xi≠xj).Claim(i ≠ j) is function f (x) in point xi, xjSingle order difference coefficient, abbreviation single order difference coefficient, and be designated as f
[xi,xj]。
③(i ≠ k) is function f (x) in xi, xj, xkThe second order difference coefficient at place；One
As,Referred to as f (x) is in x0,x1,...,xk,
xk+1K+1 jump business.
(2) Newton interpolation
Can be obtained by the definition of difference coefficient：
F (x)=f [x0]+(x-x0)f[x,x0]
If in fact, x=x0, above formula obviously sets up；x≠x0, becauseInstitute's above formula
Set up.Similar, by the definition of each jump business, can obtain successively
F [x]=f [x0]+(x-x0)f[x,x0]
f[x,x0]=f [x0,x1]+(x-x1)f[x,x0,x1]
f[x,x0,x1]=f [x0,x1,x2]+(x-x2)f[x,x0,x1,x2]
…………
f[x,x0,...,xn-1]=f [x0,x1,...,xn]+(x-xn)f[x,x0,...,xn]
Latter formula is from bottom to top substituted into previous formula successively, finally be can obtain：
F (x)=f (x0)+(x-x0)f[x0,x1]+(x-x0)(x-x1)f[x0,x1,x2]+...+(x-x0)(x-x1)...(x-
xn-1)f[x0,x1,...,xn]+(x-x0)(x-x1)...(x-xn)f[x,x0,...,xn]
Nn(x)=f (x0)+(x-x0)f[x0,x1]+(x-x0)(x-x1)f[x0,x1,x2]+......+(x-x0)(x-
x1)...(x-xn-1)f[x0,x1,...,xn]
Rn(x)=(x-x0)(x-x1)...(x-xn)f[x,x0,...,xn]
Then f (x)=Nn(x)+Rn(x), wherein NnX () is referred to as n newton interpolation polynomial, RnX () is truncated error.
(3) application of the Newton interpolation in MPPT
Employ that a kind of Newton optimization of structure changes three samples combined with variable step method --- we only select first three
Item simultaneously removes remainder.
N3(x)=f (x0)+(x-x0)f[x0,x1]+(x-x0)(x-x1)f[x0,x1,x2]
N'3(x)=f [x0,x1]+[2x-(x0+x1)]f[x0,x1,x2]
Make f (x) ≈ N3(x)
Make f'(x)=0, obtain：
Fig. 1 is the main circuit equivalent structure of three-phase single-level formula combining inverter, and PV represents solar panel, VD generations in figure
To diode before table, infringement of the backward voltage to photovoltaic cell, e are preventeda, eb, ecIt is three phase network electromotive force, L is filtered electrical
Sense, R is the equivalent resistance of circuit and switching tube, and C1, C2 are DC side electric capacity of voltage regulation, ua, ub, ucIt is inverter output voltage.From
System diagram can be seen that three-phase bridge each bridge arm two switching tubes, and one has six switching tubes.Dotted portion is to be selected
Wave filter can select L-type, it is also possible to select LC types, can also select the wave filter of LCL type.
Fig. 2 is, using the algorithm flow chart of structure changes Newton interpolating method searching system maximum power point, to come from control mode
See, the present apparatus uses Direct Current Control.Due to voltage-type photovoltaic combining inverter operationally, DC side electricity is not only controlled
Pressure, makes it maintain maximum power point, while to be also controlled to grid-connected current, allows its power factor to reach 1, general to use
The double -loop control mode of outer voltage current inner loop.Using in triangle wave mode, the control mode is that sampling inverter is defeated
Go out electric current, then made the difference with reference current value, adjusted by PI or PR controllers, be then compared with triangular wave, output is gone
Controlling switch pipe, so as to reach the output current purpose of control inverter, the algorithm realizes simple, reliability, and power device
Switching frequency be equal to triangular carrier frequency.The control program be using triangular wave as carrier wave, sinusoidal signal as modulating wave,
Realize being controlled grid-connected current by way of closed-loop control, in this control mode, the switching frequency of IGBT is one
Fixed, even if the frequency of triangular wave, compared with hysteresis comparison control mode, harmonic wave contained by the electric current of this control mode output
Few, noise is than relatively low.
MATLAB Function modules in the Matlab/Simulink analogous diagrams of MPPT are controlled output voltage module,
The voltage and current signal that collection is come is exported by its programme-control, as a result sends into oscillograph and maximum power point voltage ratio
It is right, more preferably to observe tracking effect, analogous diagram, referring to Fig. 3.
Triangular wave close-loop control mode is implemented, desired value directly can be exchanged with given to the of ac that collection comes
Between deviation do proportional integral closed-loop control, it is also possible to convert it in synchronous coordinate system, so original of ac is just
It is changed into DC quantity, is to be capable of achieving DAZ gene with traditional proportional plus integral control mode.Of course for avoid decouple band
The trouble come can also realize the tracking to the floating of AC signal below static coordinate with ratio resonant controller；It is imitative
True result figure as shown in figure 4, hull cell MPPT trace points are 350V or so, with very clear and definite result.
The present invention, as core processor, to realize imitative control integration, builds MPPT using DSP28335 in Matlab
Control program module, using CCS3.3 softwares and XDS510plus emulators, realize control program and DSP28335 processors
Docking, i.e. host computer-PC, the communication with slave computer-DSP implement flow chart as shown in Figure 5.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be in other specific forms realized.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requires to be limited rather than described above, it is intended that all in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim by falling
Change is included in the present invention.Any reference in claim should not be considered as the claim involved by limitation.
Moreover, it will be appreciated that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not each implementation method is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical scheme, this narrating mode of specification is only that for clarity, those skilled in the art should
Specification an as entirety, the technical scheme in each embodiment can also be formed into those skilled in the art through appropriately combined
May be appreciated other embodiment.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of control method for hull cell MPPT, it is characterised in that intensity of illumination and it is temperature-resistant in the case of,
Maximum power point is found using the Newton Interpolation Algorithm of variable-gain structure changes, produces set-point to control DC bus capacitor electricity
Pressure, and then the maximum electric power output of hull cell array is controlled, described searching maximum power point employs variable-gain and becomes knot
The method that the Newton optimization of structure three samples is combined with variable step, it is comprised the following steps that：Only select first three items and remove remainder, when
Three sampled points are increased in maximum power point homonymy or reduce step-length, are then calculated with Newton interpolation at maximum power point both sides
Method output fitting maximum power point, if the product of slope is zero, exports intermediate point；
When changing for temperature and illumination, find maximum power point and use structure changes newton differential technique；
It is constant for intensity of illumination, during temperature change, now there is system disturbance, algorithm now is：With 2 disturbance observations
Based on method, it is assumed that the change procedure of illumination is：1000-900-880-860-840-820-800-100w/m2, then from 100-
700-740-780-810-1000w/m2, wherein there is continuous step by a small margin to successively decrease, have big Spline smoothing, also continuous step
Rise, set step-length as 1 in program, the number of times that fluctuates is respectively 4 times on each section of 1-13,1.3 times, 1.3 times, 1.3 times, 2.3 times,
2.3 times, 1.3 times, 1.3 times, 2 times, 6 times, 2 times, 4 times, 2 times, wherein every 3 points add up to once.
2. the control method for hull cell MPPT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that finding peak power
During point, retain the current-voltage sampling result of three times：V (n-2), I (n-2)；V (n-1), I (n-1)；V (n), I (n), according to this
The sampled result of three times calculates previous slope and when previous slope：
If k (n-1) ＞ 0 and k (n) ＞ 0, continue to increase disturbance；If k (n-1) ＜ 0 and k (n) ＜ 0, disturbance is reduced；
If k (n-1) k (n)==0 if keep it is constant；If k (n-1) k (n) ＜ 0, need to carry out curve fitting, in peak power
Point nearby when, curve is presented parabolic shape, it is assumed that its matched curve function is：Y=ax2+ bx+c, then its derivation can be looked for
Most it is worth to fitting.
3. the control method for hull cell MPPT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the generation of control method
Code writes aspect, using RTW technologies, with emulation integrated technology, automatically generates control routine.
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Application publication date: 20170704 |