CN106918172B - Control method of low-temperature heat pump system, low-temperature heat pump system and air conditioner - Google Patents

Control method of low-temperature heat pump system, low-temperature heat pump system and air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106918172B
CN106918172B CN201510990060.7A CN201510990060A CN106918172B CN 106918172 B CN106918172 B CN 106918172B CN 201510990060 A CN201510990060 A CN 201510990060A CN 106918172 B CN106918172 B CN 106918172B
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refrigerant pipe
row
heat pump
compressor
exhaust temperature
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CN106918172A (en
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杨磊
王保森
郑晓峰
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Qingdao Haier New Energy Electric Appliance Co Ltd
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Qingdao Haier New Energy Electric Appliance Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022Compressor control arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00Control issues
    • F25B2600/02Compressor control

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to a control method of a low-temperature heat pump system, which comprises the following steps: A. starting the compressor, running the main loop t 1 After the refrigerant in the air injection enthalpy-increasing loop runs almost in a steady state; B. judging the exhaust temperature T in the heating process Row of rows Whether or not it is greater than a preset maximum exhaust temperature T Row max If yes, executing the step C, otherwise, executing the step E; C. directly spraying supercooled refrigerant liquid into a medium pressure cavity of the compressor, and reducing the exhaust temperature T Row of rows The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the D. Judging the exhaust temperature T Row of rows Whether or not it is greater than a preset maximum exhaust temperature T Row max -return difference Δt of exhaust temperature drop Row of rows If yes, executing the step C, otherwise, executing the step E; E. the system is heated to the set temperature and exits. The invention solves the problem that the existing low-temperature heat pump system cannot reach a stable state as soon as possible in the initial operation stage, and the main loop and the injection loop are possibly uneven in refrigerant distribution, thereby improving the reliability of the compressor.

Description

Control method of low-temperature heat pump system, low-temperature heat pump system and air conditioner
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to a control method of a low-temperature heat pump system, the low-temperature heat pump system and an air conditioner with the low-temperature heat pump system.
Background
At present, when the existing conventional heat pump water heater encounters a low-temperature condition, the evaporation temperature of the system is reduced, namely the low-pressure is reduced, so that the compression ratio of the compressor exceeds a reliable range, and important parts such as the compressor are easily damaged. To ensure the reliability of the unit, it is generally chosen not to start up, or to heat the cold water only to a lower temperature (i.e. at the edge of the operating range of the compressor), and then to replace its operation by electric auxiliary heat. In other words, the conventional heat pump system has low energy efficiency and electricity consumption at low temperature, and the stability and reliability of the system are difficult to ensure.
There are two general classes of compressors used in common low temperature heat pumps: the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system formed by the jet enthalpy-increasing compressor is superior to that of the heat pump system formed by the jet enthalpy-increasing compressor, so that the popularization degree of the jet enthalpy-increasing heat pump system is higher than that of the jet enthalpy-increasing cooling heat pump.
In the existing jet enthalpy-increasing heat pump system, condensed liquid is absorbed by an economizer and evaporated into gas, then the gas is sprayed into a medium-pressure cavity of a compressor, the enthalpy value of the refrigerant is improved, the air return quantity is increased, the compression ratio is reduced, the reliability of the system is improved, and the heating capacity and the energy efficiency ratio of the system in a low-ambient temperature state are increased.
In general, when the low-temperature heat pump unit detects that the ambient temperature is low, i.e. the jet enthalpy increasing mode is started, the superheated gas passing through the economizer is injected into the compressor, and at this time, as part of refrigerant is distributed into the injection loop, the refrigerant quantity working in the main path is suddenly reduced, and the whole system needs a long time to reach stability. If the control is unreasonable, unbalance of the main loop and the injection loop in refrigerant distribution occurs, if the injection loop is too little in refrigerant distribution, the heating quantity is not obviously increased, and the meaning of the enhanced vapor injection cannot be represented; if the refrigerant distribution of the injection circuit is too much, the refrigerant quantity injected into the compressor is too much, so that the exhaust superheat degree of the compressor is lower than the design safety value, and the reliability of the compressor is affected.
Based on the above description, a low-temperature heat pump system and an air conditioner with the low-temperature heat pump system are needed to solve the defect that the existing jet enthalpy-increasing type low-temperature heat pump water heater cannot reach the stable state of the system as soon as possible at the initial operation stage, and solve the problem that the main loop and the jet loop may be uneven in refrigerant distribution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method of a low-temperature heat pump system, which is used for solving the defect that the existing jet enthalpy-increasing type low-temperature heat pump water heater cannot reach a system stable state as soon as possible in the initial operation stage and solving the problem that a main loop and an injection loop are possibly uneven in refrigerant distribution.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a low-temperature heat pump system, which solves the defect that the existing jet enthalpy-increasing type low-temperature heat pump water heater cannot reach the system stable state as soon as possible in the initial operation stage, and solves the problem that the main loop and the jet loop possibly have non-uniform refrigerant distribution.
It is a third object of the present invention to provide an air conditioner having the low temperature heat pump system.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a control method of a low-temperature heat pump system, which comprises the following steps:
A. starting the compressor, running the main loop t 1 After the operation of the refrigerant in the main loop is almost steady state, the jet enthalpy-increasing loop is operated;
B. judging the exhaust temperature T in the heating process Row of rows Whether or not it is greater than a preset maximum exhaust temperature T Row max If yes, executing the step C, otherwise, executing the step E;
C. directly spraying supercooled refrigerant liquid into a medium pressure cavity of the compressor, and reducing the exhaust temperature T Row of rows
D. Judging the exhaust temperature T Row of rows Whether or not it is greater than a preset maximum exhaust temperature T Row max -return difference Δt of exhaust temperature drop Row of rows If yes, executing the step C, otherwise, executing the step E;
E. the heat pump system is heated to the set temperature and exits.
As a preferable mode of the control method of the low temperature heat pump system, the operation of the vapor injection enthalpy increasing loop in the step a is to open the first electromagnetic valve and the second expansion valve.
As a preferable mode of the control method of the low temperature heat pump system, the step C is to open the second electromagnetic valve and the third expansion valve.
The invention provides a low-temperature heat pump system which comprises a main loop and an enthalpy-increasing injection loop, wherein the main loop comprises a compressor, a four-way valve, a condenser, an evaporator and an economizer, the economizer is provided with a first refrigerant pipe inlet and a second refrigerant pipe inlet, the first refrigerant pipe inlet is communicated with the condenser through a refrigerant pipe, the first refrigerant pipe outlet is respectively communicated with the evaporator, the second refrigerant pipe inlet and a gas supplementing port of the compressor through a refrigerant pipe, and the second refrigerant pipe outlet is communicated with the gas supplementing port of the compressor through a refrigerant pipe.
As a preferable scheme of the low-temperature heat pump system, a first expansion valve is arranged on a refrigerant pipeline connecting the outlet of the first refrigerant pipe and the evaporator.
As a preferable scheme of the low-temperature heat pump system, a first electromagnetic valve and a second expansion valve are arranged on a refrigerant pipeline connecting the outlet of the first refrigerant pipe and the inlet of the second refrigerant pipe.
As a preferable scheme of the low-temperature heat pump system, a second electromagnetic valve and a third expansion valve are arranged on a refrigerant pipeline connecting the outlet of the first refrigerant pipe with the air supplementing port of the compressor.
As a preferable mode of the low-temperature heat pump system, the first expansion valve is an electronic expansion valve or a thermal expansion valve; the second expansion valve is a thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve.
As a preferred embodiment of the low temperature heat pump system, the third expansion valve is a capillary tube or a thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve.
The invention also provides an air conditioner comprising the low-temperature heat pump system.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the low-temperature heat pump system, the control method thereof and the air conditioner disclosed by the invention ensure that a main loop is almost in a steady state, and then an air injection enthalpy-increasing loop is operated, so that the problems that the heating quantity and the heating efficiency are not obviously improved due to the fact that the adjustment amplitude of an expansion valve of the main loop and the air injection enthalpy-increasing loop is too large or too small in a refrigerant robbing process and the steady state of the two-path system cannot be achieved for a long time are avoided, and the reliability of a compressor is further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly explain the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a control method of a low temperature heat pump system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a low temperature heat pump system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a control method of the low temperature heat pump system according to the second embodiment of the invention.
1. A compressor; 2. a condenser; 3. a first expansion valve; 4. an evaporator; 5. an economizer; 6. a first electromagnetic valve; 7. a second expansion valve; 8. a four-way valve; 9. a second electromagnetic valve; 10. a third expansion valve;
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
Detailed description of preferred embodiments
Fig. 1 is a control method of a low temperature heat pump system according to the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the control method of the low temperature heat pump system includes the following steps:
A. starting the compressor, running the main loop t 1 After the operation of the refrigerant in the main loop is almost steady state, the jet enthalpy-increasing loop is operated;
B. judging the exhaust temperature T in the heating process Row of rows Whether or not it is greater than a preset maximum exhaust temperature T Row max If yes, executing the step C, otherwise, executing the step E;
C. will be supercooledThe refrigerant liquid is directly sprayed into a medium pressure cavity of the compressor, and the exhaust temperature T is reduced Row of rows
D. Judging the exhaust temperature T Row of rows Whether or not it is greater than a preset maximum exhaust temperature T Row max -return difference Δt of exhaust temperature drop Row of rows If yes, executing the step C, otherwise, executing the step E;
E. the heat pump system is heated to the set temperature and exits.
The control method of the low-temperature heat pump system of the embodiment first ensures the operation t of the main loop 1 The refrigerant of the main loop is nearly in a steady state, and then the jet enthalpy-increasing loop is operated, so that the problems that the heating quantity and the heating efficiency are not obviously improved due to the fact that the two-path system steady state cannot be achieved for a long time due to the fact that the adjusting amplitude of an expansion valve of the main loop and the jet enthalpy-increasing loop is too large or too small in the process of refrigerant robbing are avoided, and the reliability of a compressor is improved.
Second preferred embodiment
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature heat pump system according to the present embodiment. As shown in fig. 2, the low temperature control system provided in this embodiment includes a main loop and an enhanced vapor injection loop, which are composed of a compressor 1, a four-way valve 8, a condenser 2, an evaporator 4 and an economizer 5, the economizer 5 has a first refrigerant pipe inlet and a second refrigerant pipe inlet, the first refrigerant pipe inlet is communicated with the condenser 2 through a refrigerant pipe, the first refrigerant pipe outlet is respectively communicated with the evaporator 4, the second refrigerant pipe inlet and a vapor supplementing port of the compressor 1 through a refrigerant pipe, and the second refrigerant pipe outlet is communicated with the vapor supplementing port of the compressor 1 through a refrigerant pipe.
Wherein the compressor 1 is a low-temperature jet enthalpy-increasing compressor. A first expansion valve 3 is arranged on a refrigerant pipeline connecting the outlet of the first refrigerant pipe and the evaporator 4. A first electromagnetic valve 6 and a second expansion valve 7 are arranged on a refrigerant pipeline connecting the outlet of the first refrigerant pipe and the inlet of the second refrigerant pipe. A second electromagnetic valve 9 and a third expansion valve 10 are arranged on a refrigerant pipeline connecting the outlet of the first refrigerant pipe and the air supplementing port of the compressor 1. The first expansion valve 3 is selected from an electronic expansion valve or a thermal expansion valve, and the second expansion valve 7 is selected from a thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve. In this embodiment, the first expansion valve 3 is preferably an electronic expansion valve, and the second expansion valve 7 is preferably a thermal expansion valve, so that a certain degree of superheat of the refrigerant gas can be ensured by adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant. In view of cost, the third expansion valve 10 is preferably a low-cost capillary tube, although a thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve may be selected, and the throttling effect of the capillary tube is achieved.
When the low temperature heat pump system operates normally, the refrigerant flows in the main loop, and the flow path is as follows: the compressor 1-the four-way valve 8-the condenser 2-the economizer 5-the first expansion valve 3-the evaporator 4-the four-way valve 8-the compressor 1. When the ambient temperature is lower, the first electromagnetic valve 6 is opened, and the refrigerant is divided into two paths of flows, namely a main loop path: compressor 1-four-way valve 8-condenser 2-economizer 5-first expansion valve 3-evaporator 4-four-way valve 8-compressor 1 and injection enthalpy increasing circuit path: the compressor 1-four-way valve 8-condenser 2-economizer 5-first electromagnetic valve 6-second expansion valve 7-economizer 5-compressor 1, wherein refrigerant is throttled by the second expansion valve 7 and returned to the economizer 5 for endothermic evaporation after passing through the economizer 5, and then is injected into a medium-pressure cavity of the compressor 1, compared with the mode that the refrigerant of the existing low-temperature heat pump system is directly injected into the medium-pressure cavity of the compressor 1 from the economizer 5, the displacement of the compressor 1 is further improved, the input power of the compressor 1 is increased, the compression ratio is reduced, the operation reliability of the system in a low-temperature environment is improved, and meanwhile, the utilization of the economizer 5 greatly improves the energy efficiency ratio of the system.
The present embodiment proposes a control method of the low temperature heat pump system, as shown in fig. 3, which includes the following steps:
A. and (3) detecting whether a starting condition is met, if so, entering a step B, otherwise, continuing to detect.
B. Starting the compressor 1, operating the main circuit t 1 After the operation of the refrigerant in the main circuit is almost steady state, the first electromagnetic valve 6 and the second expansion valve 7 are opened, and the jet enthalpy increasing circuit is operated.
If the first electromagnetic valve 6 is opened when the system just starts to operate the main loop, the expansion valves of the main loop and the jet enthalpy increasing loop are simultaneously adjusted at the moment, the first expansion valve 3 of the main loop is opened more, the refrigerant resistance of the main loop is smaller, the refrigerant circulation amount of the jet enthalpy increasing loop is more, the refrigerant amount of the jet enthalpy increasing loop is less, and when the pressure detection port of the second expansion valve 7 of the jet enthalpy increasing loop and the temperature sensing bag detect that the refrigerant amount is less, the valve body is mechanically opened to strive for the refrigerant amount of the default superheat degree of the valve body, so that the adjustment of the refrigerant of the jet enthalpy increasing loop is involved under the condition that the refrigerant operation of the main loop is not stable, and the condition of long-time refrigerant robbing is inevitably caused.
In general, heat pump systems employing suitable thermal expansion valves, during operation, generally require t 1 The relative stability of the system can be achieved in the time (generally 3-10 min), when the system just starts to operate, the time is reserved for the main loop t1 to operate, so that the refrigerant operation of the main loop is almost steady, then the first electromagnetic valve 6 of the enhanced vapor injection loop is opened, and a certain amount of refrigerant is separated from the main loop almost steady to participate in the refrigerant circulation of the enhanced vapor injection loop, so that the enhanced vapor injection effect is exerted.
C. Judging the exhaust temperature T in the heating process Row of rows Whether or not it is greater than a preset maximum exhaust temperature T Row max If yes, executing step D, otherwise, executing step F.
D. Opening the second electromagnetic valve 9 and the third expansion valve 10, directly spraying the supercooled refrigerant liquid into the medium pressure cavity of the compressor 1, and reducing the exhaust temperature T Row of rows
During the heating process, if the refrigerant distribution of the main circuit is too small or the water temperature is heated to a certain temperature, the exhaust temperature T can be caused Row of rows Greater than a preset maximum exhaust temperature value T that is allowed to be reached Row max At this time, the second electromagnetic valve 9 is opened, so that the condensed liquid passes through the third expansion valve 10, and the supercooled liquid is directly injected into the medium pressure cavity of the compressor 1, thereby reducing the exhaust temperature and ensuring the reliability of the compressor 1. After spraying the liquid to the compressor 1, step E is performed.
E. Judging the exhaust temperature T Row of rows Whether or not it is greater than a preset maximum exhaust temperature T Row max -exhaust gasReturn difference DeltaT of temperature drop Row of rows If yes, executing step D, otherwise, executing step F.
In the present embodiment, the return difference value Δt of the exhaust gas temperature drop Row of rows In the range of 3-15 ℃.
F. The heat pump system is heated to the set temperature and exits.
The low-temperature jet enthalpy-increasing heat pump system adopting the control method can be at t 1 The required low-temperature running state is achieved within plus (3-5) min.
The embodiment also provides an air conditioner, which comprises the low-temperature heat pump system.
Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, while the invention has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the invention is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is set forth in the following claims.

Claims (1)

1. The control method of the low temperature heat pump system comprises a main loop and an enthalpy-increasing injection loop, wherein the main loop and the enthalpy-increasing injection loop are composed of a compressor (1), a four-way valve (8), a condenser (2), an evaporator (4) and an economizer (5), the economizer (5) is provided with a first refrigerant pipe inlet and a second refrigerant pipe inlet, the first refrigerant pipe inlet is communicated with the condenser (2) through a refrigerant pipe, the first refrigerant pipe outlet is respectively communicated with the evaporator (4), the second refrigerant pipe inlet and a gas supplementing port of the compressor (1) through a refrigerant pipe, the second refrigerant pipe outlet is communicated with a gas supplementing port of the compressor (1) through a refrigerant pipe, a first expansion valve (3) is arranged on the refrigerant pipe connecting the first refrigerant pipe outlet and the evaporator (4), a first electromagnetic valve (6) and a second expansion valve (7) are arranged on the refrigerant pipe connecting the first refrigerant pipe outlet and the second refrigerant pipe inlet, a third electromagnetic valve (10) is arranged on the refrigerant pipe connecting the first refrigerant pipe outlet and the second refrigerant pipe inlet,
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. b, detecting whether a starting condition is met, if yes, entering a step B, otherwise, continuing to detect;
B. starting the compressor (1), operating the main circuit t 1 After the operation of the refrigerant in the main loop is almost steady state, opening the first electromagnetic valve (6) and the second expansion valve (7) to operate the jet enthalpy increasing loop;
t 1 the time range is 3-10 minutes;
C. judging the exhaust temperature T in the heating process Row of rows Whether or not it is greater than a preset maximum exhaust temperature T Row max If yes, executing the step D, otherwise, executing the step F;
D. opening the second electromagnetic valve (9) and the third expansion valve (10), directly spraying the supercooled refrigerant liquid into the medium pressure cavity of the compressor (1), and reducing the exhaust temperature T Row of rows
E. Judging the exhaust temperature T Row of rows Whether or not it is greater than a preset maximum exhaust temperature T Row max -return difference Δt of exhaust temperature drop Row of rows If yes, executing the step D, otherwise, executing the step F;
return difference Δt of exhaust temperature drop Row of rows Is in the range of 3-15 ℃;
F. heating the heat pump system to a set temperature and exiting;
the heat pump system will be at t 1 And (3) reaching the required low-temperature running state within a period of plus (3-5) min.
CN201510990060.7A 2015-12-24 2015-12-24 Control method of low-temperature heat pump system, low-temperature heat pump system and air conditioner Active CN106918172B (en)

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CN107883625B (en) * 2017-11-18 2020-08-25 山东阿尔普尔节能装备有限公司 Low-temperature heat pump air-supplementing enthalpy-increasing compression ratio control method
CN108679882B (en) * 2018-05-18 2019-04-19 浙江国祥股份有限公司 A kind of low-temperature air source heat pump Gas-supplying enthalpy-increasing system
CN111256395A (en) * 2018-11-30 2020-06-09 上海海立电器有限公司 Vapor-supplementing and enthalpy-increasing system and control method thereof
CN110749116A (en) * 2019-09-12 2020-02-04 浙江中广电器股份有限公司 Enthalpy-increasing auxiliary road control method for low-temperature heat pump system, low-temperature heat pump system and enthalpy-increasing auxiliary road structure of low-temperature heat pump system
CN113757980B (en) * 2020-06-01 2022-09-23 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 Air conditioning system, control method of air conditioning system, and computer-readable storage medium
CN115143612A (en) * 2021-03-31 2022-10-04 重庆美的通用制冷设备有限公司 Control method and control device of heat pump system, heat pump system and air conditioner

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CN204438601U (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-07-01 广州西奥多科技有限公司 A kind of super low temperature heat pump regulating system
CN205373189U (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-07-06 青岛海尔新能源电器有限公司 Low temperature heat pump system and air conditioner

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CN204438601U (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-07-01 广州西奥多科技有限公司 A kind of super low temperature heat pump regulating system
CN205373189U (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-07-06 青岛海尔新能源电器有限公司 Low temperature heat pump system and air conditioner

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