CN106918029B - Coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system and method thereof - Google Patents
Coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106918029B CN106918029B CN201710241313.XA CN201710241313A CN106918029B CN 106918029 B CN106918029 B CN 106918029B CN 201710241313 A CN201710241313 A CN 201710241313A CN 106918029 B CN106918029 B CN 106918029B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system, which comprises a coke oven, a red coke sensible heat recovery subsystem, a raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem, a flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem, a VOCs pollutant cooperative utilization subsystem, a flue gas purification subsystem and a heat regulation and control utilization subsystem, wherein the red coke recovers the sensible heat by a red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem; the raw gas is subjected to sensible heat recovery by a raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem; the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem recovers waste heat of flue gas; the VOCs pollutants are sent to a combustion chamber to be combusted by the VOCs pollutant cooperative utilization subsystem; purifying the collected flue gas by a flue gas purification subsystem; the heat regulation and control subsystem is used for regulating the recovered heat and converting the recovered heat into electric energy. According to the invention, waste heat in the coking process is recycled in a grading manner to generate high-medium low-grade steam, and simultaneously, the characteristics of residual energy and rich heat of VOCs after flue gas purification are fully utilized, so that the maximization of energy utilization efficiency and the cooperative treatment of pollutants are realized, and the energy conservation and emission reduction are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial waste heat recovery and utilization, and particularly relates to a coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system and a method thereof.
Background
The coking industry has high energy consumption and heavy pollution, and is concerned by the industry. From the balance of the whole energy flow and material flow of the coke oven production, the sensible heat brought by 950-1050 ℃ red hot coke pushed out from the coking chamber of the coke oven accounts for about 37% of the total coke oven heat expenditure; raw coke oven gas at 650-750 ℃ enters a coke oven riser, and sensible heat contained in raw coke oven gas accounts for about 36% of the total coke oven heat expenditure; the waste heat brought by the flue gas of the coke oven at 180-230 ℃ accounts for about 16% of the heat expenditure of the whole coke oven; various heat dissipation losses on the surface of the coke oven body account for about 11% of the heat expenditure of the whole coke oven, so that the efficient recovery and utilization of waste heat resources generated in the coking process of the coke oven become one of the main ways for improving the energy utilization efficiency of the coke oven, and the main development direction and potential of resource conservation and energy conservation are also in place. So far, many researches have been developed for energy-saving technology of coking areas at home and abroad, many achievements are achieved, the sensible heat of red coke in a high-temperature section is recycled by using a dry quenching sensible heat recycling technology which is used in a mature commercialization way, the red coke at 950-1100 ℃ can be cooled to about 200 ℃, the efficient recycling of the sensible heat of the red coke is realized, and the method has become one of energy-saving technology which is widely popularized in China. The technology for recycling the waste heat of the flue gas of the coke oven at the low temperature section has certain commercial application. Sensible heat recovery of raw coke oven gas is in a pilot stage, which is a technology which is currently developed at home and abroad. Heat release from the furnace surface can reduce losses by strengthening furnace wall insulation. Although the above-mentioned waste heat has corresponding heat recovery means, the heat recovery and utilization efficiency is not high as the measures are isolated from each other.
Meanwhile, the treatment of various pollutants discharged in the coking process is also a research hotspot in industry. The environmental pollution factor in the coke oven area is more, and sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the coke oven flue gas are important control objects of the national environmental protection policy. In recent years, research and development of the implemented desulfurization and denitrification coke oven flue gas purification process generally has the defects of high energy consumption, high cost and high investment; and meanwhile, VOC (volatile organic compounds) and the like generated in the coking process are also important atmospheric pollution sources regulated and controlled by the national environmental protection policy, and the standard discharge can obviously increase the enterprise cost.
On one hand, the dry quenching technology, the coke oven flue gas waste heat recovery technology, the raw gas sensible heat recovery technology and the like are developed aiming at single grade heat sources, and the relation among various grade heat sources is not analyzed from the system, and the energy source grade and the utilization efficiency which can be recovered by different heat sources are different, so that the energy source utilization efficiency is not high due to the lack of integral consideration; on the other hand, the environmental protection technologies such as desulfurization and denitrification of coke oven flue gas, treatment of coking volatile organic compounds and the like are also single development technologies, and the system integration and optimization are not performed from the perspective of the coking overall process, so that the energy consumption is increased and the cost is increased. The carbonization of coal requires gas heating, and hot smoke is generated after the gas is combusted; coal is distilled and simultaneously generates coal gas, and sensible heat is also carried in the coal gas; the red coke produced by carbonization also carries a large amount of heat. In the process, the material flow, the energy flow and the carbon flow are carried out simultaneously, so that the energy consumption of the whole production is minimized, the coupling relationship between the material flow, the energy flow and the carbon flow needs to be considered integrally besides the efficiency of fully exerting various single energy saving technologies, the total amount of various available energy sources and the energy grade change caused by the mutual influence of all parts, and the energy grade is closely related to the exerting of the efficiency of various single energy saving technologies. Meanwhile, the high energy consumption of the existing desulfurization and denitration flue gas purification technology and the treatment and energy recovery of VOCs are also closely related to the energy use efficiency of coking production. Therefore, to further improve the energy utilization efficiency of coking production, extensive research on coupling optimization and emission control of coking energy systems is necessary.
In the prior art, the Chinese patent application with the application number of CN201610061286.3 discloses an energy-saving and environment-friendly comprehensive treatment device and technology for flue gas of a coking plant, the invention is still only a single energy-saving technology for flue gas of the coking plant, the coupling optimization of sensible heat of red coke and raw gas is not considered, the patent only considers the treatment of flue gas, and the treatment of VOCs is not considered.
In general, the energy efficiency is improved and pollutant emission is reduced in the coke oven coking process, coupling optimization is necessary to be performed on red Jiao Xianre, raw gas sensible heat, flue gas waste heat, flue gas purification, volatile organic compound treatment and the like from the coking process, the pollutant cooperative treatment is realized while the energy utilization efficiency is improved, the energy conservation and emission reduction are simultaneously promoted, and the environmental benefit and the economic benefit of the coking process are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system and a method thereof, which are characterized in that the coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system is divided into a red coke sensible heat recovery subsystem, a raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem and a flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem through analyzing energy flows and material flows of a coke oven, high, medium and low steam is formed, the steam is transmitted to a heat regulation and control utilization subsystem, the efficiency of a waste heat recovery mode and a heat energy utilization mode of each subsystem is improved, the energy utilization efficiency of the whole coking energy system is maximized, the characteristic that residual energy and volatile organic matters after flue gas purification in a coke oven area are rich in heat is fully utilized, and the waste energy and the volatile organic matters are treated in a coupling mode through the VOCs pollutant cooperative utilization subsystem and the flue gas purification subsystem, so that the energy conservation and emission reduction are simultaneously promoted.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system comprises a coke oven, a red coke sensible heat recovery subsystem, a raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem, a flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem, a VOCs pollutant cooperative utilization subsystem, a flue gas purification subsystem and a heat regulation and control utilization subsystem; the system takes energy coupling and pollutant cooperative treatment as a core, takes steam as a medium, carries out graded recovery on waste heat of different grades through a red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem, a raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem and a flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem, simultaneously realizes recovery of energy resources in VOCs pollutants and low-temperature waste heat energy resources after flue gas purification, and realizes coupling optimization of the whole system through the heat regulation and control utilization subsystem;
the coke oven comprises a plurality of carbonization chambers, and combustion chambers are arranged on two sides of each carbonization chamber; raw coal is subjected to carbonization in the carbonization chamber to obtain red hot coke and raw gas, and the gas is combusted in the combustion chamber to generate smoke;
red and hot coke obtained after carbonization in the carbonization chamber is sent to the red Jiao Xianre recycling subsystem through a conveying device, and high-pressure steam is obtained through heat exchange; raw gas rushing out from the upper part of the carbonization chamber enters the raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem, and medium-pressure steam is obtained through heat exchange; the flue gas of the combustion chamber is collected and then sent to a flue gas purification subsystem for purification, and the heat energy enriched in the flue gas is subjected to heat exchange by the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem to obtain low-pressure steam while the flue gas is purified; the high-pressure steam, the medium-pressure steam and the low-pressure steam are comprehensively and stepwise utilized through the heat regulation and utilization subsystem to generate electric energy, so that the stepwise recovery and stepwise utilization of heat of different grades of red hot coke, raw gas and flue gas are realized; VOCs pollutant is sent to the combustion chamber by the VOCs pollutant cooperative utilization subsystem for combustion, and collected flue gas is purified by the flue gas purification subsystem for recovering heat of the collected flue gas and realizing cooperative treatment of pollutants.
Preferably, the heat regulation and utilization subsystem comprises a power generation device, a condenser, a water supplementing device and a deaerator which are sequentially connected, wherein high-pressure steam obtained by heat exchange with the red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem and medium-pressure steam obtained by heat exchange with the raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem are respectively communicated with the power generation device through pipelines, the deaerator is communicated with the red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem, and the deaerator is also communicated with the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem to form circulation.
Preferably, the red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem comprises a dry quenching furnace, a fan and a waste heat boiler, wherein the dry quenching furnace receives the red coke output from the carbonization chamber, the dry quenching furnace is also communicated with the waste heat boiler to form circulation, and the fan is arranged on a pipeline for the waste heat boiler to be communicated with the dry quenching furnace.
Preferably, a first dust remover and a second dust remover are further arranged on a pipeline which is communicated with the waste heat boiler and the dry quenching furnace.
Preferably, the waste heat boiler is communicated with the power generation device and the deaerator to form circulation; the waste heat boiler is also communicated with the high-pressure steam drum and used for adjusting steam pressure.
Preferably, the raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem comprises a rising pipe heat exchanger and a falling pipe heat exchanger, wherein the rising pipe heat exchanger is communicated with the carbonization chamber, and the falling pipe heat exchanger is communicated with the raw gas recovery device.
Preferably, the VOCs contaminants co-utilized subsystem is used to collect VOCs from the coking vessel region and deliver them to the coke oven combustion chamber.
Preferably, the flue gas purification subsystem comprises a desulfurizing tower, a dust remover, a booster fan, a heat exchanger, a combustion furnace and a denitration device which are sequentially connected, wherein the denitration device is also communicated with the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is also communicated with the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem.
Preferably, the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem comprises a heat exchanger and water and steam pipelines.
The invention also discloses a method for utilizing the coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system, which comprises the steps of taking steam as a medium into the same energy system for integration to realize gradual energy recovery and cascade utilization, wherein the heat of different grades of red Jiao Xianre, raw gas sensible heat and flue gas waste heat in the coke oven coking process is taken as steam; the energy rich in volatile organic compounds discharged by the coke oven flue gas desulfurization and denitrification treatment and the coking tank area are coupled and optimized, so that the maximization of energy utilization efficiency and the cooperative treatment of pollutants are realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system, the energy flow of the coke oven is scientifically analyzed, the coke oven is divided into the red coke sensible heat recovery subsystem, the raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem and the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem to form high-medium-low grade steam, the high-pressure steam formed by the red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem is directly used for driving a steam turbine to generate electricity, the medium-pressure steam formed by the raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem is also directly used for driving the steam turbine to generate electricity, and the low-pressure steam formed by the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem is used for deoxidizing steam, so that the corresponding efficient waste heat recovery mode is adopted for step-by-step and efficient recovery, higher-grade energy sources are recovered as much as possible, and meanwhile, the coupling optimization is also performed, so that the energy cascade utilization is formed, and the energy utilization efficiency of the whole coking process is improved.
2. According to the coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system, the material flow of the coke oven is scientifically analyzed, and the coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system comprises raw gas generated by carbonization of raw coal, smoke generated by combustion of a combustion chamber and VOCs collected in a coking tank area, wherein the material flows have certain energy, but are easy to pollute the environment.
3. According to the coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system, various heat released in a coke oven coking process is comprehensively recycled, the energy utilization efficiency of the whole coking process is improved through coupling optimization of different grade heat sources, the energy conservation and environmental protection of the coal coking process are comprehensively treated, the energy coupling optimization is utilized, the treatment of flue gas, raw gas and volatile organic matters is also included, the coupling of the volatile organic matters containing heat and energy into the energy system is uniformly considered, and the energy is reasonably utilized while the treatment is carried out.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative remediation system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Modifications and adaptations of the invention will occur to those skilled in the art and are intended to be within the scope of the invention in practice.
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings for better illustration of the invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the coking energy coupling optimizing and pollutant cooperative treating system comprises a coke oven 6, wherein the coke oven 6 comprises a plurality of carbonization chambers 5, and combustion chambers 28 are arranged on two sides of each carbonization chamber 5;
the cooperative treatment system also comprises a red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem, a raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem, a flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem, a flue gas purification subsystem, a VOCs pollutant cooperative utilization subsystem and a heat regulation and control utilization subsystem;
the red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem is arranged below the carbonization chamber 5 and is used for recovering sensible heat of coke;
the raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem is arranged above each carbonization chamber 5 and is used for recovering sensible heat of raw gas;
the flue gas purifying subsystem and the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem which are sequentially connected are arranged on the coke oven 6 and are used for purifying flue gas and recovering waste heat of the flue gas;
the heat regulation and control utilization subsystem is connected with the red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem, the raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem and the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem, and is used for converting the recovered heat into electric energy;
the VOCs pollutant cooperative utilization subsystem is communicated with the combustion chamber 28, and the VOCs are sent to the combustion chamber 28 for combustion, so that the recovery of energy resources of the VOCs pollutant and the cooperative treatment of the pollutant are realized.
Raw coal is subjected to carbonization in the carbonization chamber 5 to obtain red hot coke, raw coke gas and flue gas, the red hot coke is sent to the red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem, high-pressure steam is obtained through heat exchange, the raw coke gas is sent to the raw coke gas sensible heat recovery subsystem, medium-pressure steam is obtained through heat exchange, the high-pressure steam and the medium-pressure steam are both sent to the heat regulation and utilization subsystem to generate electric energy, the flue gas is purified by the flue gas purification subsystem and then sent to the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem, low-pressure steam is obtained through heat exchange to remove oxygen dissolved in water of the heat regulation and utilization subsystem, and different heat grades of the red hot coke, the raw coke gas and the flue gas are recovered step by step and utilized step;
the combustion chamber 28 is also communicated with the VOCs pollutant cooperative utilization subsystem, volatile organic compounds of the VOCs pollutant cooperative utilization subsystem are combusted in the combustion chamber 28, and the flue gas is collected and then sent to the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem for desulfurization and denitrification treatment to realize pollutants
And (5) collaborative treatment.
The invention uses steam as medium to convert the steam exchanged by each heat recovery subsystem into electric energy, but the person skilled in the art can also convert and store the heat by other medium modes. In the specific embodiment of the invention, according to the energy characteristics of the red coke sensible heat recovery subsystem, the raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem and the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem, high-medium low-grade steam is obtained in a heat exchange mode, the high-medium-grade steam is used for generating electricity, the low-grade steam is used for deoxidizing, and concretely: the heat regulation and utilization subsystem comprises a power generation device, a condenser 24, a water supplementing device 23 and a deaerator 22 which are sequentially connected, wherein high-pressure steam obtained by heat exchange with the red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem and medium-pressure steam obtained by heat exchange with the raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem are respectively communicated with the power generation device through pipelines and used for power generation, the deaerator 22 is communicated with the red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem, and the deaerator 22 is also communicated with the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem to form circulation and used for deaerating. Therefore, the invention uses the steam obtained by heat exchange of the sensible heat of the high-medium grade red Jiao Xianre and the raw gas for generating electricity, uses the steam obtained by heat exchange of the low-grade flue gas waste heat for deoxidizing, realizes the gradual recovery and cascade utilization of energy, and adopts the steam with different grades (pressure) for energy coupling.
The power generation device comprises a steam turbine 27 and a generator 26, wherein high-pressure steam obtained through heat exchange of the red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem and medium-pressure steam obtained through heat exchange of the raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem are both sent to the steam turbine 27 and used as a steam source of the steam turbine 27 to drive the generator 26 to generate power.
The water replenishing device 23 is used for replenishing the system with water lost by heat exchange.
The red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem comprises a dry quenching furnace 18, a fan 19 and a waste heat boiler 21, wherein the dry quenching furnace 18 is communicated with the carbonization chamber 5, the dry quenching furnace 18 is also communicated with the waste heat boiler 21 to form circulation, and the fan 19 is arranged on a pipeline for the waste heat boiler 21 and the dry quenching furnace 18 to be communicated with each other.
Further, a first dust remover 29 and a second dust remover 20 are also arranged on the pipeline of the waste heat boiler 21 which is communicated with the dry quenching furnace 18.
Further, the waste heat boiler 21 is communicated with the steam turbine 27 and the deaerator 22 to form a circulation; the waste heat boiler 21 is also communicated with the high-pressure steam drum 7 and is used for adjusting steam pressure.
Further, a conveyor belt 17 is arranged below the dry quenching furnace 18 and is used for conveying finished coke.
The raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem comprises a rising pipe heat exchanger 4 and a falling pipe heat exchanger 3, wherein the rising pipe heat exchanger 4 is communicated with the carbonization chamber 5, and the falling pipe heat exchanger 3 is communicated with the raw gas recovery device 2.
Further, the steam generated in the riser heat exchanger 4 and the downcomer heat exchanger 3 is joined in the intermediate pressure drum 1 through a pipe, and sent to the steam turbine 27 through the intermediate pressure drum 1.
The flue gas purification subsystem comprises a desulfurizing tower 13, a dust remover 12, a booster fan 11, a heat exchanger 10, a combustion furnace 9 and a denitration device 8 which are sequentially connected, wherein the denitration device 8 is also communicated with the heat exchanger 10, the heat exchanger 10 is also communicated with the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem, and purified environment-friendly gas is discharged through a chimney 15.
Further, the main equipment of the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem is a heat exchanger 16, and the heat exchanger 16 and the deaerator 22 are mutually communicated to form a circulation for introducing low-grade steam into the deaerator 22 to deaerate.
Further, VOCs pollutant cooperative utilization subsystem be coking tank 25, combustion chamber 28 still communicate and have coking tank 25, VOCs that the coking tank 25 regional release is collected the back in unison, send to combustion chamber 28 and burn the processing, realize energy saving and pollutant cooperation treatment.
Coking energy of the inventionThe coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system comprises the following processes: under the heat of gas combustion in the combustion chamber 28 of the coke oven 6, raw coal is dry distilled in the carbonization chamber 5 of the coke oven 6, red coke is formed after dry distillation, the temperature is 950-1050 ℃, the red coke is cooled into finished coke in the dry quenching furnace 18, and the finished coke is transmitted to a user by the conveying belt 17. Raw coal is dry distilled and raw gas is released, the temperature is 650-750 ℃, and the self heat value is high, so that the raw coal can be used as fuel of a coke oven 6. The flue gas produced by combustion of the gas in the combustion chamber of the coke oven 6 contains atmospheric pollutants, such as SO X 、NO X And the temperature is 180-230 ℃ and the desulfurization and denitrification purification treatment is needed to discharge the wastewater to the atmosphere.
Dry quenching is the most effective process for absorbing sensible heat of red coke at present, and is widely adopted in the coking process of a coke oven. Flue gas after heat absorption in the dry quenching furnace 18 enters the waste heat boiler 21 for heat recovery after passing through the primary dust remover 29, and the flue gas after exiting from the waste heat boiler 21 is pumped into the dry quenching furnace for circulation after being dedusted by the secondary dust remover 20 by the fan 19. Pure water used for absorbing sensible heat of coke quenching flue gas in the waste heat boiler 21 comes from the deaerator 22, high-pressure steam is formed after heat is absorbed and is sent to the steam turbine 27 for power generation, and a high-pressure steam drum 7 is arranged outside the boiler and used for controlling and adjusting steam pressure.
Raw gas generated by carbonization of raw coal is discharged from the carbonization chamber 5, and sensible heat is provided, but because of complex components and high tar content, scaling and acid dew corrosion are easy to occur, so that the sensible heat is difficult to use. In the prior art, a large amount of ammonia water is sprayed in a raw gas discharge pipeline to cool and remove dust, and then the ammonia water is collected and utilized, the ammonia water after absorbing heat and absorbing dust can be reused after further treatment, and the power consumption of an ammonia water pump for conveying the ammonia water is higher due to the requirement of the large amount of ammonia water. According to the invention, by developing the high-temperature-resistant anti-corrosion anti-coking ascending pipe efficient heat exchanger 4 and the descending pipe efficient heat exchanger 3, the heat of raw gas sequentially entering the ascending pipe heat exchanger 4 and the descending pipe heat exchanger 3 is fully absorbed, and then the raw gas is recycled by the raw gas recycling device 2. The ascending pipe heat exchanger 4 and the descending pipe heat exchanger 3 are made of anti-corrosion, high-temperature-resistant, anti-coking and high-heat-conductivity materials, and meanwhile, the corrosion and coking can be sufficiently reduced by strictly controlling the temperature and the pressure. Pure water absorbs heat in the riser heat exchanger 4 and the downcomer heat exchanger 3 to become medium-pressure steam, and the medium-pressure steam is used as the supplementary steam of the steam turbine 27 to further drive the generator 26 to generate electricity.
The gas in the coke oven 6 is burnt in a combustion chamber, the generated flue gas is pumped by a fan 14 and then sent to a flue gas purification device for desulfurization and denitrification, the desulfurization component of a desulfurization tower 13 is removed and then enters a dust remover 12 for dust removal, the flue gas is sent to a heat exchanger 10 for heat exchange by a booster fan 11, the heat exchanged flue gas enters a combustion furnace 9 for heat supplement and a denitrification device 8 for denitrification treatment, and the treated low-temperature flue gas is preheated by a heat exchanger 16 for water supply by a deaerator 22 and then is discharged by a chimney 15. Pure water that absorbs heat in the heat exchanger 16 becomes hot water (or low pressure steam) and reduces the steam consumption of the deaerator 22. The water fed to the waste heat boiler 21 mainly comes from the condenser 24. The water replenishing device 23 replenishes water lost during the recycling process. The water absorbs the quenching heat in the waste heat boiler 21 and becomes superheated steam, which is sent to the steam turbine 27 for power generation.
VOCs released by the coking tank 25 area are uniformly collected and then sent into the combustion chamber of the coke oven 6 for combustion treatment, so that energy conservation and cooperative treatment of pollutants are realized.
In this example, the water in circulation comes from the water condensed by the condenser 24 and the water replenished by the de-salted water replenishing device 23, which absorbs heat both from the flue gas heat exchanger 16 and from the raw gas rising pipe heat exchanger 4 and the down pipe heat exchanger 3, but mainly from the dry quenching furnace 18. The water after absorbing heat is changed into steam, and high-pressure, medium-pressure and low-pressure steam is formed according to the grade and is respectively used for power generation, deoxidization, preheating and the like according to different grades. The high-grade steam is condensed into water by the condenser 24 after power generation and is reused. Different grade steam can be used in a blending way, for example, low grade steam is used for deoxidizing, high grade steam is not needed for deoxidizing, and the utilization efficiency of the high grade steam can be improved.
In this example, the heat contained in the coke oven flue gas is reduced in temperature after the desulfurizing tower 13, which is unfavorable for the subsequent denitration, and the denitration after heating in the combustion furnace 9 is required. The flue gas still has a certain temperature after purification, in order to utilize the part of waste heat, the flue gas exchanges heat with the flue gas before entering the combustion furnace 9, and then the cooled flue gas is preheated for water supply (or low-pressure steam is generated) so as to further utilize the low-temperature waste heat of the flue gas, thereby achieving flue gas treatment and full utilization of the waste heat. After the heat contained in the raw gas is absorbed by the rising pipe heat exchanger 4 and the falling pipe heat exchanger 3, the temperature of the raw gas is reduced, a large amount of ammonia water for cooling and washing the raw gas is reduced, and a large amount of ammonia water conveying and treatment energy consumption can be saved. The heat of the red coke is recycled after being absorbed by a dry quenching mode, so that the heat in the circulating gas can be fully utilized, and the heat loss caused by wet quenching and the environmental pollution caused by water evaporation are avoided. VOCs in the coking tank 25 area not only contains certain energy, but also pollutes the environment, and the VOCs are collected and then sent to the combustion chamber 28 of the coke oven 6 for combustion treatment, so that the total amount of environmental pollution can be reduced, the heat of the VOCs can be utilized, and further removal of pollutants can be achieved through desulfurization and denitration of combustion flue gas.
According to the invention, in the coke oven coking process, heat released by red Jiao Xianre, raw gas sensible heat, flue gas waste heat and the like is comprehensively and optimally utilized after respective heat recovery, so that different grade heat sources can be fully utilized, the high grade heat source is improved as much as possible, the energy utilization efficiency is further improved, and the coupling optimization of a coking energy system is realized. Meanwhile, the treatment of waste heat and various pollutants after the purification of the coke oven flue gas is fully connected with the utilization of the waste heat, and various heat sources are fully recycled while the treatment is carried out, so that the cooperative treatment of the pollutants is realized.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system is characterized by comprising a coke oven, a red coke sensible heat recovery subsystem, a raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem, a flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem, a VOCs pollutant cooperative utilization subsystem, a flue gas purification subsystem and a heat regulation and control utilization subsystem; the system takes energy coupling and pollutant cooperative treatment as a core, takes steam as a medium, carries out graded recovery on waste heat of different grades through a red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem, a raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem and a flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem, simultaneously realizes recovery of energy resources in VOCs pollutants and low-temperature waste heat energy resources after flue gas purification, and realizes coupling optimization of the whole system through the heat regulation and control utilization subsystem;
the coke oven comprises a plurality of carbonization chambers, and combustion chambers are arranged on two sides of each carbonization chamber; raw coal is subjected to carbonization in the carbonization chamber to obtain red hot coke and raw gas, and the gas is combusted in the combustion chamber to generate smoke;
the red and hot coke obtained after carbonization in the carbonization chamber is sent to the red Jiao Xianre recycling subsystem through a conveying device, high-pressure steam is obtained through heat exchange, and the high-pressure steam is converged in a high-pressure steam drum; raw gas flowing out from the upper part of the carbonization chamber enters the raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem, medium-pressure steam is obtained through heat exchange, and the medium-pressure steam is converged in a medium-pressure steam drum; the heat regulation and utilization subsystem comprises a power generation device, high-pressure steam obtained by heat exchange with the red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem and medium-pressure steam obtained by heat exchange with the raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem are respectively communicated with the power generation device through pipelines, and a deaerator is communicated with the red Jiao Xianre recovery subsystem; the flue gas of the combustion chamber is collected and then sent to a flue gas purification subsystem for purification, and the heat energy enriched in the flue gas is subjected to heat exchange by the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem to obtain low-pressure steam while the flue gas is purified; the high-pressure steam, the medium-pressure steam and the low-pressure steam are comprehensively and stepwise utilized through the heat regulation and utilization subsystem to generate electric energy, so that the stepwise recovery and stepwise utilization of heat of different grades of red hot coke, raw gas and flue gas are realized; the power generation device comprises a steam turbine and a generator, wherein the high-pressure steam is sent to the steam turbine and used for driving the generator to generate power, the medium-pressure steam is used as the steam supplementing of the steam turbine and further used for driving the generator to generate power, and the low-pressure steam is used for deoxidizing; VOCs pollutant is sent to the combustion chamber by the VOCs pollutant cooperative utilization subsystem for combustion, and collected flue gas is purified by the flue gas purification subsystem for recovering heat of the collected flue gas and realizing cooperative treatment of pollutants.
2. The coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the heat regulation and utilization subsystem further comprises a condenser, a water supplementing device and a deaerator, the power generation device, the condenser, the water supplementing device and the deaerator are sequentially connected, and the deaerator is further communicated with the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem to form circulation.
3. The coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative remediation system according to claim 1, wherein the raw gas sensible heat recovery subsystem comprises a rising pipe heat exchanger and a falling pipe heat exchanger, the rising pipe heat exchanger is communicated with the carbonization chamber, and the falling pipe heat exchanger is communicated with the raw gas recovery device.
4. The coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative remediation system of claim 1, wherein the VOCs pollutant cooperative utilization subsystem is configured to collect VOCs from the coking vessel region and send the VOCs to the combustor.
5. The coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas purification subsystem comprises a desulfurizing tower, a dust remover, a booster fan, a heat exchanger, a combustion furnace and a denitration device which are sequentially connected, the denitration device is also communicated with the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is also communicated with the flue gas waste heat recovery subsystem.
6. The method for utilizing the coking energy coupling optimization and pollutant cooperative treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized in that different grade heat of red Jiao Xianre, raw gas sensible heat and flue gas waste heat in the coke oven coking process is integrated by taking steam as a medium and incorporating the steam into the same energy system, so that energy is recovered step by step and utilized step by step; the energy rich in volatile organic compounds discharged from the coke oven flue gas purification and coking tank area is coupled and optimized, so that the maximization of energy utilization efficiency and the cooperative treatment of pollutants are realized.
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| CN101725954B (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2012-05-23 | 同济大学 | Novel process for coupling utilization of waste heat recovery of riser of coke oven and coke dry quenching system |
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