CN106915811B - Trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/22—Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/16—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes
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- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent, which is prepared by cross-linking water-soluble metal salt serving as a raw material, water serving as a solvent and PAM (polyacrylamide) serving as a cross-linking agent; wherein the water-soluble metal salt is two or more of water-soluble zinc salt, ferrous salt, ferric salt, calcium salt or aluminum salt. The invention also discloses application of the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent in treating trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water. The trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent has the characteristics of simple preparation process, obvious effect and wide applicability; the crosslinking of the metal cations and the PAM of the complex breaking agent belongs to a physical form, the PAM can make the metal cations fully contact with complex organic matters in wastewater, the interaction between the metal cations and the complex organic matters is promoted, the PAM is used for treating passivation rinsing wastewater containing complex trivalent chromium, the complex trivalent chromium in the wastewater can be effectively removed, the potential threat of the trivalent chromium to a water environment is eliminated, and the removal rate of the trivalent chromium can reach 99.9%.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of electroplating wastewater harmless treatment, and particularly relates to a trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background art:
for a long time, chromate passivation has been widely applied to the electroplating and surface treatment industries, but hexavalent chromium is toxic and carcinogenic, and seriously pollutes the environment. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the use of hexavalent chromium has been increasingly restricted, and therefore, research and development of non-toxic or low-toxic substances to replace chromate passivation processes are imperative. At present, the chromium-free passivation and the trivalent chromium passivation have been actively developed, and the trivalent chromium passivation has been largely applied to the production. However, in order to obtain a good passivation effect, a large amount of additives must be added to the trivalent chromium passivation plating solution, and the commonly used additives include citric acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid, malic acid and the like. When the additive is used, the additive can be complexed with trivalent chromium ions while the passivation quality is ensured, so that the stability of the trivalent chromium ions in the plating solution is greatly enhanced, the trivalent chromium ions in the rinsing water are difficult to remove by the traditional chemical precipitation method, and the residual metal chromium is a potential pollution source and can increase the later treatment cost.
The traditional chemical precipitation method for treating trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water comprises the following chemical reaction processes:
10Cr3+-R+33OH-→Cr(OH)3↓+9Cr3+-R+30OH-
in the formula: cr (chromium) component3+R represents a trivalent chromium complex ion and R represents an additive. As can be seen from the above schematic reaction scheme, when sufficient OH is added-Only a small amount of trivalent chromium is generated into Cr (OH)3Precipitation, most of the trivalent chromium still being Cr3+-R complex state.
With the development of the industrial level in China, the replacement of hexavalent chromium by a low-toxicity trivalent chromium passivation technology is inevitable, but the comprehensive popularization of the technology still needs to overcome the problems that the trivalent chromium ions in the passivation rinsing water have strong stability and are difficult to remove up to the standard.
The invention content is as follows:
in order to solve the problems, the invention provides a trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent and a preparation method thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent is prepared by using water-soluble metal salt as a raw material, water as a solvent and PAM (polyacrylamide) as a cross-linking agent through cross-linking; wherein the water-soluble metal salt is two or more of water-soluble zinc salt, ferrous salt, ferric salt, calcium salt or aluminum salt.
Preferably, the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent is prepared by the following preparation method: weighing a metal salt aqueous solution with the water-soluble metal salt dissolved in water to prepare a substance with the mass concentration of 0.4-1.5 mol/L, adding a PAM aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2% into the metal salt aqueous solution according to 5-15% of the mass of the metal salt aqueous solution, stirring for 10-20 min until complete crosslinking, and adjusting the pH of the solution to 1-2 to obtain the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complexing agent.
More preferably, the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent is prepared by the following preparation method: weighing a metal salt aqueous solution with the water-soluble metal salt dissolved in water to prepare a substance with the mass concentration of 0.6-1.0 mol/L, adding a PAM aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2% into the metal salt aqueous solution according to 6-7% of the mass of the metal salt aqueous solution, stirring for 10-20 min until complete crosslinking, and adjusting the pH of the solution to 1-2 by adopting sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 10% to obtain the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complexing agent.
Preferably, the water-soluble metal salt is ZnCl2、FeCl2、FeCl3、CaCl2、AlCl3Two or more of them.
Preferably, the water is deionized water. Tap water without significant impurities may also be used.
The invention can also adjust the pH by adopting hydrochloric acid or nitric acid which can achieve the same purpose.
The preparation method of the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent comprises the following steps: weighing a metal salt aqueous solution with the water-soluble metal salt dissolved in water to prepare a substance with the mass concentration of 0.4-1.5 mol/L, adding a PAM aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2% into the metal salt aqueous solution according to 5-15% of the mass of the metal salt aqueous solution, stirring for 10-20 min until complete crosslinking, and adjusting the pH of the solution to 1-2 to obtain the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complexing agent.
Preferably, the water is deionized water. Tap water without significant impurities may also be used.
Preferably, weighing a metal salt aqueous solution with the water-soluble metal salt dissolved in water to prepare a substance with the mass concentration of 0.6-1.0 mol/L, adding a PAM aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2% into the metal salt aqueous solution according to 6-7% of the mass of the metal salt aqueous solution, stirring for 10-20 min until complete crosslinking, and adjusting the pH of the solution to 1-2 by adopting sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 10% to obtain the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complexing agent.
The trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent is applied to treating trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water.
The method for treating trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water by using the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complexing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) adjusting the pH value of the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water as the raw material to 4-5;
(2) adding a complex breaking agent into trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water to obtain a mixed solution; controlling the stirring speed to be 300-400 r/min and the reaction time to be 5-15 min, so that the mixed solution is fully reacted, and the complex state of trivalent chromium in the wastewater is broken;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the reacted mixed solution to 10-11, controlling the stirring speed to 200-300 r/min, and reacting for 15-25 min; under the pH condition, metal cations are fully contacted with additives in the wastewater, and interaction is promoted;
(4) adding 10 mass percent PAC (polyaluminium chloride) aqueous solution into the mixed solution treated in the step (3), maintaining the pH of the mixed solution at 10-11, controlling the stirring speed at 200-300 r/min, and reacting for 5-15 min; reducing the turbidity of the effluent by using micro suspended particles generated by PAC flocculation previous reaction;
(5) after the reaction is completed, the solution is kept stand and precipitated, and the supernatant is the treated effluent.
In the step (2), the volume mass ratio of the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water decomplexing agent to the trivalent chromium ions in the raw material trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water is 1-2: 10-20 mL/mg, preferably 1-2.8: 20 mL/mg.
And adjusting the pH value of the reacted mixed solution to 10-11 by adopting NaOH with the mass fraction of 30%.
In the step (4), the volume mass ratio of the PAC aqueous solution to the trivalent chromium ions in the raw material trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water is 1-2: 50mL/mg, preferably 1-1.5: 50 mL/mg.
The reaction mechanism of the present invention is analyzed as follows:
in trivalent chromium passivation rinsing wastewater, Cr3+In complex form with additives R in water, e.g. Cr3+-R, etc.
Cr3+-R+Mn+→Mn+-R+Cr3+
Cr3++OH-→Cr(OH)3↓
In the formula: mn+Is a metal cation, may be Zn2+、Fe2+、Fe3+、Ca2+Or Al3+And R is citric acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid or malic acid.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent has the characteristics of simple preparation process, obvious effect and wide applicability. The crosslinking of the metal cation and the PAM of the complex breaking agent belongs to a physical form, the PAM does not have a chemical bonding effect, the metal cation can be fully contacted with a complex organic matter in the wastewater due to the existence of the PAM, the interaction between the metal cation and the PAM is promoted, the PAM is used for treating the passivation rinsing wastewater containing the complex trivalent chromium, the trivalent chromium in the complex state in the wastewater can be effectively removed, the potential threat of the trivalent chromium to the water environment is eliminated, and the removal rate of the trivalent chromium can reach 99.9 percent.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
A trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent is prepared by the following preparation method, and comprises the following steps: according to the amount of substance 1: 0.5: 1: 0.2 weighing water-soluble metal salt ZnCl2、FeCl2、CaCl2、AlCl3Dissolving the solution with deionized water to prepare a metal salt aqueous solution with the molar concentration of 0.6mol/L, adding a PAM aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2% into the metal salt aqueous solution according to 7% of the mass of the metal salt aqueous solution, stirring for 10-20 min until complete crosslinking, and adding 10% sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value to 1-2, thereby obtaining the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complexing agent.
A method for treating trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water by adopting the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water decomplexing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) the raw material trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water is purple black, and the concentration of trivalent chromium ions is 200 mg/L; adjusting the pH value of trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water to 4-5;
(2) taking 500mL of the wastewater, and adding 5.0mL of trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water decomplexing agent to obtain a mixed solution; controlling the stirring speed to be 300r/min, and reacting for 10min to ensure that the mixed solution fully reacts;
(3) adding 30% NaOH into the mixed solution after reaction, adjusting the pH to 10.5, controlling the stirring speed to be 200r/min, and reacting for 15 min;
(4) adding 2mL of 10 mass percent PAC aqueous solution into the mixed solution, maintaining the pH of the mixed solution at 10.5, controlling the stirring speed at 300r/min, and reacting for 10 min;
(5) and standing and precipitating after the reaction is completed, wherein the supernatant is colorless and transparent, and the content of the trivalent chromium ions in the effluent is 0.16 mg/L.
Example 2
A preparation method of a trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent comprises the following steps: according to molar concentration of 1: 0.8: 0.5 weighing soluble metal salt ZnCl2、CaCl2、AlCl3Dissolving with deionized water to prepare a metal salt aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 1.0mol/L, adding a PAM aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2% into the metal salt aqueous solution according to 6% of the mass of the metal salt aqueous solution, stirring for 10-20 min until complete crosslinking, and adding 10% sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value to 1-2, thereby obtaining the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complexing agent.
A method for treating trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water by adopting the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water decomplexing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) the concentration of trivalent chromium ions in the raw material trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water is 100mg/L, the wastewater is purple black, and the pH value of the wastewater is adjusted to be 4-5;
(2) taking 500mL of the wastewater, adding 7mL of trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water decomplexing agent, controlling the stirring speed at 300r/min, and reacting for 10 min;
(3) adding 30% NaOH, adjusting the pH value to 11, controlling the stirring speed to 250r/min, and reacting for 20 min;
(4) adding 1.5mL of 10% PAC aqueous solution into the mixed solution, maintaining the pH of the mixed solution to 10.5, controlling the stirring speed to be 200r/min, and reacting for 5 min;
(5) and standing and precipitating after the reaction is completed, wherein the supernatant is colorless and transparent, and the content of the trivalent chromium in the effluent is 0.08 mg/L.
Comparative example
The process for treating trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water by adopting the traditional chemical precipitation method comprises the following steps:
(1) the raw material trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water is purple black, and the content of trivalent chromium ions is 200 mg/L;
(2) taking 500mL of the wastewater, adding 30% NaOH, adjusting the pH value to 10.5, controlling the stirring speed to be 200r/min, and reacting for 15 min;
(4) adding 2mL of PAC solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10% into the mixed solution, maintaining the pH of the mixed solution at 10.5, controlling the stirring speed at 300r/min, and reacting for 10 min;
(5) after the reaction is completed, standing and precipitating, wherein the supernatant still presents purple black, and the content of the trivalent chromium ions in the effluent is 162.3 mg/L.
Claims (10)
1. The trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent is characterized in that the complex breaking agent is prepared by crosslinking water-soluble metal salt serving as a raw material, water serving as a solvent and PAM (polyacrylamide) serving as a crosslinking agent: weighing a metal salt aqueous solution with the water-soluble metal salt dissolved in water to prepare a substance with the mass concentration of 0.4-1.5 mol/L, adding a PAM aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2% into the metal salt aqueous solution according to 5-15% of the mass of the metal salt aqueous solution, stirring for 10-20 min until complete crosslinking, and adjusting the pH of the solution to 1-2 to obtain a trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water decomplexing agent; wherein the water-soluble metal salt is ZnCl2、FeCl2、CaCl2、AlCl3According to the mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 1: 0.2 combination or ZnCl2、CaCl2、AlCl3According to the mass ratio of 1: 0.8: 0.5 in combination.
2. The trivalent chromium passivation rinse water decomplexer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the trivalent chromium passivation rinse water decomplexer is prepared by the following preparation method: weighing a metal salt aqueous solution with the water-soluble metal salt dissolved in water to prepare a substance with the mass concentration of 0.6-1.0 mol/L, adding a PAM aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2% into the metal salt aqueous solution according to 6-7% of the mass of the metal salt aqueous solution, stirring for 10-20 min until complete crosslinking, and adjusting the pH of the solution to 1-2 by adopting sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 10% to obtain the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complexing agent.
3. The trivalent chromium passivation rinse water decomplexer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the water is deionized water.
4. The preparation method of the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaking agent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps: weighing a metal salt aqueous solution with the water-soluble metal salt dissolved in water to prepare a substance with the mass concentration of 0.4-1.5 mol/L, adding a PAM aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2% into the metal salt aqueous solution according to 5-15% of the mass of the metal salt aqueous solution, stirring for 10-20 min until complete crosslinking, and adjusting the pH of the solution to 1-2 to obtain the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complexing agent.
5. The method for preparing the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaker according to claim 4, is characterized by comprising the following steps: weighing a metal salt aqueous solution with the water-soluble metal salt dissolved in water to prepare a substance with the mass concentration of 0.6-1.0 mol/L, adding a PAM aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2% into the metal salt aqueous solution according to 6-7% of the mass of the metal salt aqueous solution, stirring for 10-20 min until complete crosslinking, and adjusting the pH of the solution to 1-2 by adopting sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 10% to obtain the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complexing agent.
6. The method for preparing the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water complex breaker according to the claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the water is deionized water.
7. Use of a trivalent chromium passivating rinse water decomplexer according to claim 1, 2 or 3 for treating trivalent chromium passivating rinse water.
8. The method of using the trivalent chromium passivation rinse water decomplexer of claim 1 for treating trivalent chromium passivation rinse water, characterized by the steps of:
(1) adjusting the pH value of the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water as the raw material to 4-5;
(2) adding a complex breaking agent into trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water to obtain a mixed solution; controlling the stirring speed to be 300-400 r/min and the reaction time to be 5-15 min, and fully reacting the mixed solution;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the reacted mixed solution to 10-11, controlling the stirring speed to 200-300 r/min, and reacting for 15-25 min;
(4) adding 10 mass percent PAC aqueous solution into the mixed solution treated in the step (3), maintaining the pH of the mixed solution at 10-11, controlling the stirring speed at 200-300 r/min, and reacting for 5-15 min;
(5) after the reaction is completed, the solution is kept stand and precipitated, and the supernatant is the treated effluent.
9. The method for treating trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water by using the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water decomplexing agent as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the step (2), the volume-to-mass ratio of the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water decomplexing agent to the trivalent chromium ions in the raw material trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water is 1-2 mL: 10-20 mg;
in the step (4), the volume-to-mass ratio of the PAC aqueous solution to the trivalent chromium ions in the raw material trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water is 1-2 mL: 50 mg.
10. The method for treating trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water by using the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water decomplexing agent as claimed in claim 9, wherein in the step (2), the volume-to-mass ratio of the trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water decomplexing agent to the trivalent chromium ions in the raw material trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water is 1-2.8 mL: 20 mg;
in the step (4), the volume mass ratio of the PAC aqueous solution to the trivalent chromium ions in the raw material trivalent chromium passivation rinsing water is 1-1.5 mL: 50 mg.
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CN110759442B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-11-23 | 广州超邦化工有限公司 | Method for treating trivalent chromium passivation wastewater |
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CN110818123B (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2021-11-19 | 广州超邦化工有限公司 | Treatment method of trivalent chromium plating waste water |
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CN110642425B (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2021-10-08 | 广州超邦化工有限公司 | Treatment method of trivalent chromium passivation wastewater containing hydrofluoric acid and carboxylic acid |
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