A kind of discriminating of aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA
Method
Technical field
Discrimination method, specifically a kind of cyclic diolefine copper complex of four azepine 14 are distinguished the present invention relates to one kind
[CuL](ClO4)2 The nonlinear chemical system of catalysis is to aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA
Discrimination method.Belong to qualitative analysis chemical field.
Background technology
3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA have identical molecular formula, belong to aromatic isomer together, its
Structure such as formula(I)It is shown.3- hydroxybenzoic acids are used as bactericide, coating, preservative, ion-exchanger, plasticizer and medicine
Intermediate, it is also possible to synthesize azo dyes etc.., mainly as the basic material of fine chemical product, it is also for 4-HBA
It is widely used in and prepares each middle dyestuff, bactericide, colour cinefilm and various solvent-soluble color couplers etc., and 4- hydroxy benzenes first
Esters of gallic acid can be used as the preservative of food, medicine and cosmetics.
Because 3- hydroxybenzoic acids are identical with 4-HBA molecular formula, structure is close so that some physics and chemistry
Property is also similar, and both outward appearances are also very much like, cause both to be difficult to differentiate between.Although many reports existing at present are on fixed
The method of amount analysis hydroxybenzoic acid concentration, such as HPLC, electrochemical methods, capillary electrophoresis.But on to 3- hydroxyls
The differentiation discriminating of two kinds of isomers of yl benzoic acid and 4-HBA there is no report.Therefore, in the urgent need to one kind is identified
Effect is good and quick, result easy to operate is easily determined method differentiates both materials.
(I)
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that for aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA provide it is a kind of novel and
Discrimination method is conveniently distinguished, i.e., with four azepine 14 cyclic diolefine copper complex [CuL] (ClO4)2The non-linearization of catalysis
To 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and the discrimination method of 4-HBA, this discrimination method is complex-catalyzed non-based on this to system
Linear chemical system(That is oscillation system)A kind of electrochemical oscillation body developed to the sharp response of aromatic isomer
It is method.Wherein, [CuL] (ClO4)2In L be 5,7,7,12,14,14- vegolysens, the azepines ten of 4,8,11- tetra-
Four -4,11- diene.Specifically, it is that same concentrations sample to be identified is added separately in oscillation system, according to be identified
Sample is to the oscillatory response produced by oscillation system(Vibrate the change of collection of illustrative plates)Difference, realizes qualitative point to sample to be identified
Analysis.
The present invention solves technical problem, adopts the following technical scheme that:
The discrimination method of aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids of the present invention and 4-HBA, its feature is:
With redistilled water as solvent, the solution of sample to be identified is prepared;
Using " H2SO4 - NaBrO3 - [CuL](ClO4)2 - malic acid " nonlinear chemical oscillation system as differentiate solution,
Record the vibration collection of illustrative plates of oscillation system.At the current potential minimum point of any one stabilization produced in vibration, to two groups of oscillation systems
In be separately added into the solution of sample to be identified, it is different to the oscillatory response produced by oscillation system according to sample to be identified, realize
Qualitative analysis to sample to be identified;
The sample to be identified is 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA;
In to two groups of oscillation systems, after being separately added into the solution of sample to be identified, if vibration is suppressed, by one section of suppression
Time, the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced then is reverted to, then the sample to be identified is 3- hydroxybenzoic acids;If oscillating body
System is directly changed the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced, and the suppression time does not occur, then the sample to be identified is 4- hydroxy benzenes first
Acid.
The current potential minimum point for wherein vibrating any one stabilization of generation refers to that the 3rd ~ 21 current potential that vibration is produced is minimum
Point in any one.
The cyclic diolefine copper complex of four azepine 14 alleged by the present invention is 5,7,7,12,14,14- vegolysens,
4,8,11- tetra- azepines 14-4,11- diene is four major esters copper (II) complex of part, is denoted as [CuL] (ClO4)2,
Its structure such as formula(II)Shown, L is 5,7,7,12,14,14- vegolysens, 4,8,11- tetra- azepines 14-4,11- diene.
(II)
Four major esters catalyst plays vital effect in the present invention, and its configuration is broadly divided into two steps:1) prepare
L·2HClO4;2) by L 2HClO4Prepare [CuL] (ClO4)2
1) L·2HClO4Synthesis:
The reaction is carried out under condition of ice bath always.98.5mL ethylenediamines are added in the three-necked bottle of 500 mL, dropping funel is used
126 mL70% perchloric acid are slowly added dropwise, the mixing speed for adjusting magnetic stirring apparatus is 500r/min.The violent simultaneously companion of initial reaction
There is white cigarette to produce, so rate of addition control is dripped in every five seconds for example clock 1, if be added dropwise too fast solution form icicle in funnel bottom and
Cause funnel blockade.Gradually decreased as reaction carries out white cigarette, the severe degree of reaction also gradually relaxes and can suitably accelerate drop
Acceleration, untill dripping, obtains transparent solution.224 mL anhydrous propanones are added to the clear solution and acutely stir
Mix, solution becomes cloudy form very viscous mixture simultaneously quickly.Mixing speed should be now properly increased, mixing speed is adjusted
It is 1000r/min, 2-3 hours is kept still under conditions of ice-water bath so as to fully reaction.Milk yellow viscous fluid is finally obtained,
Gained viscous fluid is transferred into Buchner funnel carries out suction filtration separation, and is fully washed with acetone, can obtain pure white solid.This is pure
White solid is recrystallized in the methanol-water solution of heat, is vacuum dried with silica-gel desiccant, obtains 80 g white crystals, this white
Crystal is L2HClO4。
Bibliography:
1.Curtis, N. F. and Hay, R. W. , J. Chem. Soc. , Chem. Commun. , 1966, p.
534.
2.Gang Hu, Panpan Chen, Wei Wang, Lin Hu, Jimei Song, Lingguang Qiu, Juan
Song, E1ectrochimica Acta, 2007, Vol. 52, pp. 7996-8002.
3. Lin Hu, Gang Hu, Han-Hong Xu, J. Ana1. Chem. , 2006, Vol. 61, NO. 10,
pp. 1021-1025.
4. Hu Gang, China Science & Technology University's thesis for the doctorate, p25-27, Hefei, 2005.
2) by L 2HClO4Prepare [CuL] (ClO4)2:
It is separately added into 19.5g Cu (AC)24H2The L 2HClO of O and 21g4It is placed in 1000mL three-necked bottles, adds the first of 500mL
Alcohol.After hot bath is heated to reflux 3-4 hours, there is red precipitate.Red precipitate is filtered, filtrate is concentrated into original in hot bath
Volume 1/2-1/3, stands overnight.After sufficient crystallising, red crystals can be obtained.Red crystals are transferred to Buchner funnel second
Alcohol is washed, and is recrystallized in the ethanol-water solution of heat, and vacuum drying can about 9g [CuL] (ClO4)2Red crystals.
Bibliography:
1. Hu Gang, China Science & Technology University's thesis for the doctorate, Hefei, 2005
2.D. A. House and N. F. Curtis, Transition meal complexes with alipatic
Schiff bases.V.copper (II) and nickel(II) complexes of 1,3-Propanediamine and
their reations with acetone[J] J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1964, 86;223-225.
Detection method difference with the prior art of the present invention is that the present invention applies " H2SO4 - NaBrO3 - [CuL]
(ClO4)2 The oscillation system of-malic acid " as differentiate solution, according to aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4- hydroxyls
Yl benzoic acid realizes the area to aromatic isomer to the difference of the sharp oscillatory response produced by the reaction system
Divide and differentiate.The differentiated concentration range of aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA in solution is differentiated
It is 7.0 × 10-5 - 2.5 × 10-4Mol/L, this can differentiate that concentration range is tests determined optimal concentration scope,
3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA produce the difference of response very clear obvious to vibration in the concentration range, hold very much
Easily it is capable of achieving to differentiate;Each component concentration is as shown in table 1 in differentiating solution, through the optium concentration such as institute of table 2 that test of many times determines
Show:
Table 1:The concentration range of each component in oscillation system
Sodium bromate (mol/L |
Sulfuric acid (mol/L) |
Malic acid (mol/L) |
|
|
0.95-1.0 |
0.2-0.225 |
|
Table 2:The optium concentration of each component in oscillation system
Sodium bromate (mol/L) |
Sulfuric acid (mol/L) |
Malic acid (mol/L) |
|
0.01625 |
1 |
0.2 |
|
Concrete operations are as follows:
1st, prepared by optimal solubility in table and differentiate solution, and record the E-t curves i.e. chemical-electrical that the solution potential is changed over time
Position vibration collection of illustrative plates.
First, take in a 50 mL small beakers and be put into sizeable magneton, be placed on constant temperature magnetic force heating stirrer
On, speed is kept stirring in 500 r/min.To addition oscillation system each component solution in beaker.Ready working electrode
(Platinum electrode)And reference electrode(Double salt bridge calomel electrodes)In insertion beaker, working electrode and reference electrode pass through amplifier
(Instrument Amplifier)It is connected to data acquisition unit(GO!LINK)Then it is connected on computer by USB again.Open
Computer equipped with logger lite softwares, is carried out using logger lite softwares to the solution potential situation of changing with time
Real-time Collection(Now not yet add sample to be tested), to make blank.Each component in being tested with blank to two groups is dense
In degree identical oscillation system, at the current potential minimum point of any one stabilization produced in vibration, it is rapidly added respectively to be identified
The solution of sample, different to the oscillatory response produced by oscillation system according to sample to be identified, realization is determined sample to be identified
Property analysis.I.e.:After being separately added into the solution of sample to be identified in two groups of oscillation systems, if vibration is suppressed, by one
Section suppresses the time, then reverts to the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced, then the sample to be identified is 3- hydroxybenzoic acids;If
Oscillation system is directly changed the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced, and the suppression time does not occur, then the sample to be identified is 4- hydroxyls
Yl benzoic acid.
The basic parameter of chemical potential vibration collection of illustrative plates includes:
Amplitude of oscillation:From a potential minimum to the potential difference next maximum potential in oscillatory process.
Cycle of oscillation:It is minimum from one in oscillatory process(It is high)Current potential is to next minimum(It is high)The time required to current potential.
Maximum potential:The current potential peak that system occurs during stable oscillation stationary vibration.
Potential minimum:The current potential minimum point that system occurs during stable oscillation stationary vibration.
The suppression time:From after adding prepare liquid, vibrate suppressed to recovery vibration required time again.
Brief description of the drawings
During Fig. 1 is embodiment 1, when not adding sample to be identified, differentiate the vibration collection of illustrative plates of solution (oscillation system).
During Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are embodiment 1,1.6 × 10 are separately added into-4Mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA
Afterwards, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates that oscillation system is obtained.
During Fig. 4 is embodiment 2, when not adding sample to be identified, differentiate the vibration collection of illustrative plates of solution (oscillation system).
During Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are embodiment 2,1.7 × 10 are separately added into-4Mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA
Afterwards, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates that oscillation system is obtained.
During Fig. 7 is embodiment 3, when not adding sample to be identified, differentiate the vibration collection of illustrative plates of solution (oscillation system).
During Fig. 8, Fig. 9 are embodiment 3,1.8 × 10 are separately added into-4Mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA
Afterwards, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates that oscillation system is obtained.
During Figure 10 is embodiment 4, when not adding sample to be identified, differentiate the vibration collection of illustrative plates of solution (oscillation system).
During Figure 11, Figure 12 are embodiment 4,2.0 × 10 are separately added into-4Mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA
Afterwards, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates that oscillation system is obtained.
During Figure 13 is embodiment 5, when not adding sample to be identified, differentiate the vibration collection of illustrative plates of solution (oscillation system).
During Figure 14, Figure 15 are embodiment 5,2.3 × 10 are separately added into-4Mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA
Afterwards, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates that oscillation system is obtained.
During Figure 16 is embodiment 6, when not adding sample to be identified, differentiate the vibration collection of illustrative plates of solution (oscillation system).
During Figure 17, Figure 18 are embodiment 6,2.5 × 10 are separately added into-4Mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA
Afterwards, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates that oscillation system is obtained.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment verifies aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids of the present invention and 4-HBA as follows
The feasibility of discrimination method:
(1) solution is prepared
The sulfuric acid of 1.0mol/L is prepared as storing solution with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid and distilled water first, then with the sulphur of 1.0mol/L
Acid solution prepares bromic acid sodium solution, the malic acid solution of 2mol/L, 1.74 × 10 of 0.65mol/L as solvent respectively- 2[CuL] (ClO of mol/L4)2Solution.
Simultaneously with second distillation water as solvent, 0.16mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA are prepared respectively
Solution.
(2) collection of illustrative plates is vibrated
To magneton is added in 50mL small beakers, 29mL 1.0mol/L sulfuric acid solutions, the bromine of 1mL 0.65mol/L are sequentially added
The malic acid solution of acid sodium solution, 4mL 2mol/L, is eventually adding 6mL 1.74 × 10-2[CuL] (ClO of mol/L4)2It is molten
Liquid, maintenance system cumulative volume is 40mL, it is ensured that " H2SO4 - NaBrO3 - [CuL](ClO4)2 - malic acid " oscillation system(Mirror
Other solution)In, the molar concentration of each component is respectively sulfuric acid 1.0mol/L, sodium bromate 0.01625mol/L, malic acid
0.2mol/L、[CuL](ClO4)2 2.61×10-3mol/L.Discriminating is recorded with the computer equipped with logger lite programs molten
The vibration collection of illustrative plates that liquid current potential is changed over time.
Fig. 1 is under typical concentration(Sulfuric acid 1.0mol/L, sodium bromate 0.01625mol/L, malic acid 0.2mol/L,
[CuL](ClO4)2 2.61×10-3mol/L), above-mentioned discriminating solution does not add the vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample to be tested, to make blank pair
According to.The color of observation vibration solution can be found that the continuous generating period change of the color of solution:Purple-brown color-purple,
And potential is also presented periodically change.
Take one group of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical(Sulfuric acid 1.0mol/L, sodium bromate
0.01625mol/L, malic acid 0.2mol/L, [CuL] (ClO4)2 2.61×10-3mol/L), the 4th electricity is reached in vibration collection of illustrative plates
Position minimum point when, with liquid-transfering gun add 40uL 0.16mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids so that its differentiate solution in concentration be
1.6×10-4Mol/L, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates of gained is as shown in Figure 2.
Take another group of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical, the 4th current potential is reached most in vibration collection of illustrative plates
During low spot, 40uL 0.16mol/L 4-HBAs are added with liquid-transfering gun so that its concentration in solution is differentiated is 1.6
×10-4Mol/L, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates of gained is as shown in Figure 3.
(3) distinguish and differentiate
As aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA because molecular structure is different to reactant
System produces the difference of oscillatory response.As shown in Figure 2, compared to Figure 1, the addition of 3- hydroxybenzoic acids, is suppressed vibration, warp
One suppression time is spent, the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced then is reverted to;And from the figure 3, it may be seen that compared to Figure 1, it is identical dense
The addition of the 4-HBA of degree, makes oscillation system be directly changed the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced, when there is not suppression
Between.From above-mentioned identification experiment, can be according to the difference of oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates(There is the unrestraint time)Realize to 3- hydroxy benzenes first
Acid and the differentiation of 4-HBA differentiate.
Take the solution of the sample to be identified of two 0.16mol/L of prior preparation(One of them is that 3- hydroxybenzoic acids are molten
Liquid, another is 4-HBA solution, but both not yet distinguish), it is 1 by one of mark, another mark
It is sample 2;
Prepare two groups of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical, corresponding vibration collection of illustrative plates is gathered respectively, and the 4th
The sample 1 and sample 2 of 40uL 0.16mol/L are separately added at individual current potential minimum point so that their concentration in solution is differentiated
It is 1.6 × 10-4mol/L。
Com-parison and analysis understand:The vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample 1 compared to Figure 1 compared with, the addition of sample 1 causes that vibration is suppressed,
By one suppression time, the damped oscillation vibration that amplitude is gradually reduced then is reverted to, its and Fig. 3 corresponding with Fig. 2 is not right
Should, therefore sample 1 is 3- hydroxybenzoic acids.The vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample 2 compared to Figure 1 compared with, the addition of the sample 2 of same concentrations,
So that vibration is directly changed the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced, there is not the suppression time, its and Fig. 2 corresponding with Fig. 3 is not right
Should, therefore sample 2 is 4-HBA.Therefore, according to the difference of oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates(There is the unrestraint time), it is right to realize
The differentiation of isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment verifies aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids of the present invention and 4-HBA as follows
The feasibility of discrimination method:
(1) solution is prepared
The sulfuric acid of 1.0mol/L is prepared as storing solution with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid and distilled water first, then with the sulphur of 1.0mol/L
Acid solution prepares bromic acid sodium solution, the malic acid solution of 2mol/L, 1.74 × 10 of 0.65mol/L as solvent respectively- 2[CuL] (ClO of mol/L4)2Solution.
Simultaneously with second distillation water as solvent, 0.17mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA are prepared respectively
Solution.
(2) collection of illustrative plates is vibrated
To magneton is added in 50mL small beakers, 28.5mL 1.0mol/L sulfuric acid solutions, 1.5mL 0.65mol/L are sequentially added
Bromic acid sodium solution, the malic acid solution of 4mL 2mol/L, be eventually adding 6mL 1.74 × 10-2[CuL] (ClO of mol/L4)2
Solution, maintenance system cumulative volume is 40mL, it is ensured that " H2SO4 - NaBrO3 - [CuL](ClO4)2 - malic acid " oscillation system
(Differentiate solution)In, the molar concentration of each component is respectively sulfuric acid 1.0mol/L, sodium bromate 0.02437mol/L, malic acid
0.2mol/L、[CuL](ClO4)2 2.61×10-3mol/L.Discriminating is recorded with the computer equipped with logger lite programs molten
The vibration collection of illustrative plates that liquid current potential is changed over time.
Fig. 4 is above-mentioned discriminating solution(Sulfuric acid 1.0mol/L, sodium bromate 0.02437mol/L, malic acid 0.2mol/L,
[CuL](ClO4)2 2.61×10-3mol/L)The vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample to be tested is not added, to make blank.Observation vibration solution
Color can be found that the change of the color of solution continuous generating period:Purple-brown color-purple, and potential is also presented week
The change of phase property.
Take one group of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical(Sulfuric acid 1.0mol/L, sodium bromate
0.02437mol/L, malic acid 0.2mol/L, [CuL] (ClO4)2 2.61×10-3mol/L), the 4th electricity is reached in vibration collection of illustrative plates
Position minimum point when, with liquid-transfering gun add 40uL 0.17mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids so that its differentiate solution in concentration be
1.7×10-4Mol/L, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates of gained is as shown in Figure 5.
Take another group of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical, the 4th current potential is reached most in vibration collection of illustrative plates
During low spot, 40uL 0.17mol/L 4-HBAs are added with liquid-transfering gun so that its concentration in solution is differentiated is 1.7
×10-4Mol/L, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates of gained is as shown in Figure 6.
(3) distinguish and differentiate
As aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA because molecular structure is different to reactant
System produces the difference of oscillatory response.As shown in Figure 5, compared with Fig. 4, the addition of 3- hydroxybenzoic acids is suppressed vibration, warp
One suppression time is spent, the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced then is reverted to;And it will be appreciated from fig. 6 that compared with Fig. 4, it is identical dense
The addition of the 4-HBA of degree, makes oscillation system be directly changed the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced, when there is not suppression
Between.From above-mentioned identification experiment, can be according to the difference of oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates(There is the unrestraint time)Realize to 3- hydroxy benzenes first
Acid and the differentiation of 4-HBA differentiate.
Take the solution of the sample to be identified of two 0.17mol/L of prior preparation(One of them is that 3- hydroxybenzoic acids are molten
Liquid, another is 4-HBA solution, but both not yet distinguish), it is 1 by one of mark, another mark
It is sample 2;
Prepare two groups of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical, corresponding vibration collection of illustrative plates is gathered respectively, and the 4th
The sample 1 and sample 2 of 40uL 0.17mol/L are separately added at individual current potential minimum point so that their concentration in solution is differentiated
It is 1.7 × 10-4mol/L。
Com-parison and analysis understand:Compared with Fig. 4, the addition of sample 1 causes that vibration is suppressed to the vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample 1,
By one suppression time, the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced then is reverted to, its and Fig. 6 corresponding with Fig. 5 is not corresponded to,
Therefore sample 1 is 3- hydroxybenzoic acids.The vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample 2 compared with Fig. 4, the addition of the sample 2 of same concentrations so that
Vibration is directly changed the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced, and the suppression time does not occur, and its and Fig. 5 corresponding with Fig. 6 is not corresponded to,
Therefore sample 2 is 4-HBA.Therefore, according to the difference of oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates(There is the unrestraint time), realize to same
The differentiation of enantiomers 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment verifies aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids of the present invention and 4-HBA as follows
The feasibility of discrimination method:
(1) solution is prepared
The sulfuric acid of 1.0mol/L is prepared as storing solution with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid and distilled water first, then with the sulphur of 1.0mol/L
Acid solution prepares bromic acid sodium solution, the malic acid solution of 2mol/L, 1.74 × 10 of 0.65mol/L as solvent respectively- 2[CuL] (ClO of mol/L4)2Solution.
Simultaneously with second distillation water as solvent, 0.18mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA are prepared respectively
Solution.
(2) collection of illustrative plates is vibrated
To adding magneton in 50mL small beakers, 28.5mL 1.0mol/L sulfuric acid solutions, 1mL 0.65mol/L are sequentially added
The malic acid solution of bromic acid sodium solution, 4.5mL 2mol/L, is eventually adding 6mL 1.74 × 10-2[CuL] (ClO of mol/L4)2
Solution, maintenance system cumulative volume is 40mL, it is ensured that " H2SO4 - NaBrO3 - [CuL](ClO4)2 - malic acid " oscillation system
(Differentiate solution)In, the molar concentration of each component is respectively sulfuric acid 1.0mol/L, sodium bromate 0.01625mol/L, malic acid
0.225mol/L、[CuL](ClO4)2 2.61×10-3mol/L.Discriminating is recorded with the computer equipped with logger lite programs
The vibration collection of illustrative plates that solution potential is changed over time.
Fig. 7 is above-mentioned discriminating solution(Sulfuric acid 1.0mol/L, sodium bromate 0.01625mol/L, malic acid 0.225mol/L,
[CuL](ClO4)2 2.61×10-3mol/L)The vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample to be tested is not added, to make blank.Observation vibration solution
Color can be found that the change of the color of solution continuous generating period:Purple-brown color-purple, and potential is also presented week
The change of phase property.
Take one group of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical(Sulfuric acid 1.0mol/L, sodium bromate
0.01625mol/L, malic acid 0.225mol/L, [CuL] (ClO4)2 2.61×10-3mol/L), the 4th is reached in vibration collection of illustrative plates
During current potential minimum point, 40uL 0.18mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids are added with liquid-transfering gun so that its concentration in solution is differentiated
It is 1.8 × 10-4Mol/L, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates of gained is as shown in Figure 8.
Take another group of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical, the 4th current potential is reached most in vibration collection of illustrative plates
During low spot, 40uL 0.18mol/L 4-HBAs are added with liquid-transfering gun so that its concentration in solution is differentiated is 1.8
×10-4Mol/L, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates of gained is as shown in Figure 9.
(3) distinguish and differentiate
As aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA because molecular structure is different to reactant
System produces the difference of oscillatory response.As shown in Figure 8, compared with Fig. 7, the addition of 3- hydroxybenzoic acids is suppressed vibration, warp
One suppression time is spent, the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced then is reverted to;And as shown in Figure 9, it is identical dense compared with Fig. 7
The addition of the 4-HBA of degree, makes oscillation system be directly changed the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced, when there is not suppression
Between.From above-mentioned identification experiment, can be according to the difference of oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates(There is the unrestraint time)Realize to 3- hydroxy benzenes first
Acid and the differentiation of 4-HBA differentiate.
Take the solution of the sample to be identified of two 0.18mol/L of prior preparation(One of them is that 3- hydroxybenzoic acids are molten
Liquid, another is 4-HBA solution, but both not yet distinguish), it is 1 by one of mark, another mark
It is sample 2;
Prepare two groups of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical, corresponding vibration collection of illustrative plates is gathered respectively, and the 4th
The sample 1 and sample 2 of 40uL 0.18mol/L are separately added at individual current potential minimum point so that their concentration in solution is differentiated
It is 1.8 × 10-4mol/L。
Com-parison and analysis understand:Compared with Fig. 7, the addition of sample 1 causes that vibration is suppressed to the vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample 1,
By one suppression time, the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced then is reverted to, its and Fig. 9 corresponding with Fig. 8 is not corresponded to,
Therefore sample 1 is 3- hydroxybenzoic acids.The vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample 2 compared with Fig. 7, the addition of the sample 2 of same concentrations so that
Vibration is directly changed the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced, and the suppression time does not occur, and its and Fig. 8 corresponding with Fig. 9 is not corresponded to,
Therefore sample 2 is 4-HBA.Therefore, according to the difference of oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates(There is the unrestraint time), realize to same
The differentiation of enantiomers 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment verifies aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids of the present invention and 4-HBA as follows
The feasibility of discrimination method:
(1) solution is prepared
The sulfuric acid of 1.0mol/L is prepared as storing solution with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid and distilled water first, then with the sulphur of 1.0mol/L
Acid solution prepares bromic acid sodium solution, the malic acid solution of 2mol/L, 1.74 × 10 of 0.65mol/L as solvent respectively- 2[CuL] (ClO of mol/L4)2Solution.
Simultaneously with second distillation water as solvent, 0.2mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA are prepared respectively
Solution.
(2) collection of illustrative plates is vibrated
To adding magneton in 50mL small beakers, 28.5mL 1.0mol/L sulfuric acid solutions, 1mL 0.65mol/L are sequentially added
The malic acid solution of bromic acid sodium solution, 4mL 2mol/L, is eventually adding 6.5mL 1.74 × 10-2[CuL] (ClO of mol/L4)2
Solution, maintenance system cumulative volume is 40mL, it is ensured that " H2SO4 - NaBrO3 - [CuL](ClO4)2 - malic acid " oscillation system
(Differentiate solution)In, the molar concentration of each component is respectively sulfuric acid 1.0mol/L, sodium bromate 0.01625mol/L, malic acid
0.2mol/L、[CuL](ClO4)2 2.83×10-3mol/L.Discriminating is recorded with the computer equipped with logger lite programs molten
The vibration collection of illustrative plates that liquid current potential is changed over time.
Figure 10 is above-mentioned discriminating solution(Sulfuric acid 1.0mol/L, sodium bromate 0.01625mol/L, malic acid 0.2mol/L,
[CuL](ClO4)2 2.8×10-3mol/L)The vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample to be tested is not added, to make blank.Observation vibration solution
Color can be found that the change of the color of solution continuous generating period:Purple-brown color-purple, and potential is also presented week
The change of phase property.
Take one group of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical(Sulfuric acid 1.0mol/L, sodium bromate
0.01625mol/L, malic acid 0.2mol/L, [CuL] (ClO4)2 2.8×10-3mol/L), the 4th electricity is reached in vibration collection of illustrative plates
Position minimum point when, with liquid-transfering gun add 40uL 0.2mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids so that its differentiate solution in concentration be
2.0×10-4Mol/L, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates of gained is as shown in figure 11.
Take another group of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical, the 4th current potential is reached most in vibration collection of illustrative plates
During low spot, 40uL 0.2mol/L 4-HBAs are added with liquid-transfering gun so that its concentration in solution is differentiated for 2.0 ×
10-4Mol/L, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates of gained is as shown in figure 12.
(3) distinguish and differentiate
As aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA because molecular structure is different to reactant
System produces the difference of oscillatory response.As shown in Figure 11, compared with Figure 10, the addition of 3- hydroxybenzoic acids is suppressed vibration,
By one suppression time, the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced then is reverted to;And as shown in Figure 12, compared with Figure 10, phase
With the addition of the 4-HBA of concentration, oscillation system is directly changed the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced, suppression do not occur
Time processed.From above-mentioned identification experiment, can be according to the difference of oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates(There is the unrestraint time)Realize to 3- hydroxyls
The differentiation of benzoic acid and 4-HBA differentiates.
Take the solution of the sample to be identified of two 0.2mol/L of prior preparation(One of them is that 3- hydroxybenzoic acids are molten
Liquid, another is 4-HBA solution, but both not yet distinguish), it is 1 by one of mark, another mark
It is sample 2;
Prepare two groups of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical, corresponding vibration collection of illustrative plates is gathered respectively, and the 4th
The sample 1 and sample 2 of 40uL 0.2mol/L are separately added at individual current potential minimum point so that their concentration in solution is differentiated
It is 2.0 × 10-4mol/L。
Com-parison and analysis understand:Compared with Figure 10, the addition of sample 1 causes that vibration is suppressed to the vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample 1,
By one suppression time, the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced then is reverted to, its and Figure 12 corresponding with Figure 11 is not right
Should, therefore sample 1 is 3- hydroxybenzoic acids.The vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample 2 compared with Figure 10, the addition of the sample 2 of same concentrations,
So that vibration is directly changed the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced, there is not the suppression time, its and Figure 11 corresponding with Figure 12 is not
Correspondence, therefore sample 2 is 4-HBA.Therefore, according to the difference of oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates(There is the unrestraint time), realize
Differentiation to isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA.
Embodiment 5:
The present embodiment verifies aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids of the present invention and 4-HBA as follows
The feasibility of discrimination method:
(1) solution is prepared
The sulfuric acid of 1.0mol/L is prepared as storing solution with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid and distilled water first, then with the sulphur of 1.0mol/L
Acid solution prepares bromic acid sodium solution, the malic acid solution of 2mol/L, 1.74 × 10 of 0.65mol/L as solvent respectively- 2[CuL] (ClO of mol/L4)2Solution.
Simultaneously with second distillation water as solvent, 0.23mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA are prepared respectively
Solution.
(2) collection of illustrative plates is vibrated
To magneton is added in 50mL small beakers, 27mL 1.0mol/L sulfuric acid solutions, 2mL distilled water, 1mL are sequentially added
The bromic acid sodium solution of 0.65mol/L, the malic acid solution of 4mL 2mol/L, are eventually adding 6mL 1.74 × 10-2Mol/L's
[CuL](ClO4)2Solution, maintenance system cumulative volume is 40mL, it is ensured that " H2SO4 - NaBrO3 - [CuL](ClO4)2 - apple
Acid " oscillation system(Differentiate solution)In, the molar concentration of each component is respectively sulfuric acid 0.95mol/L, sodium bromate
0.01625mol/L, malic acid 0.2mol/L, [CuL] (ClO4)2 2.61×10-3mol/L.With equipped with logger lite programs
Computer differentiate the vibration collection of illustrative plates that changes over time of solution potential to record.
Figure 13 is above-mentioned discriminating solution(Sulfuric acid 0.95mol/L, sodium bromate 0.01625mol/L, malic acid 0.2mol/L,
[CuL](ClO4)2 2.61×10-3mol/L)The vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample to be tested is not added, to make blank.Observation vibration solution
Color can be found that the change of the color of solution continuous generating period:Purple-brown color-purple, and potential is also presented week
The change of phase property.
Take one group of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical(Sulfuric acid 0.95mol/L, sodium bromate
0.01625mol/L, malic acid 0.2mol/L, [CuL] (ClO4)2 2.61×10-3mol/L), the 4th electricity is reached in vibration collection of illustrative plates
Position minimum point when, with liquid-transfering gun add 40uL 0.23mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids so that its differentiate solution in concentration be
2.3×10-4Mol/L, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates of gained is as shown in figure 14.
Take another group of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical, the 4th current potential is reached most in vibration collection of illustrative plates
During low spot, 40uL 0.23mol/L 4-HBAs are added with liquid-transfering gun so that its concentration in solution is differentiated is 2.3
×10-4Mol/L, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates of gained is as shown in figure 15.
(3) distinguish and differentiate
As aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA because molecular structure is different to reactant
System produces the difference of oscillatory response.As shown in Figure 14, compared with Figure 13, the addition of 3- hydroxybenzoic acids is suppressed vibration,
By one suppression time, the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced then is reverted to;And as shown in Figure 15, compared with Figure 13, phase
With the addition of the 4-HBA of concentration, oscillation system is directly changed the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced, suppression do not occur
Time processed.From above-mentioned identification experiment, can be according to the difference of oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates(There is the unrestraint time)Realize to 3- hydroxyls
The differentiation of benzoic acid and 4-HBA differentiates.
Take the solution of the sample to be identified of two 0.23mol/L of prior preparation(One of them is that 3- hydroxybenzoic acids are molten
Liquid, another is 4-HBA solution, but both not yet distinguish), it is 1 by one of mark, another mark
It is sample 2;
Prepare two groups of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical, corresponding vibration collection of illustrative plates is gathered respectively, and the 4th
The sample 1 and sample 2 of 40uL 0.23mol/L are separately added at individual current potential minimum point so that their concentration in solution is differentiated
It is 2.3 × 10-4mol/L。
Com-parison and analysis understand:Compared with Figure 13, the addition of sample 1 causes that vibration is suppressed to the vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample 1,
By one suppression time, the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced then is reverted to, its and Figure 15 corresponding with Figure 14 is not right
Should, therefore sample 1 is 3- hydroxybenzoic acids.The vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample 2 compared with Figure 13, the addition of the sample 2 of same concentrations,
So that vibration is directly changed the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced, there is not the suppression time, its and Figure 14 corresponding with Figure 15 is not
Correspondence, therefore sample 2 is 4-HBA.Therefore, according to the difference of oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates(There is the unrestraint time), realize
Differentiation to isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA.
Embodiment 6:
The present embodiment verifies aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids of the present invention and 4-HBA as follows
The feasibility of discrimination method:
(1) solution is prepared
The sulfuric acid of 1.0mol/L is prepared as storing solution with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid and distilled water first, then with the sulphur of 1.0mol/L
Acid solution prepares bromic acid sodium solution, the malic acid solution of 2mol/L, 1.74 × 10 of 0.65mol/L as solvent respectively- 2[CuL] (ClO of mol/L4)2Solution.
Simultaneously with second distillation water as solvent, 0.25mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA are prepared respectively
Solution.
(2) collection of illustrative plates is vibrated
To magneton is added in 50mL small beakers, 29mL 1.0mol/L sulfuric acid solutions, the bromine of 1mL 0.65mol/L are sequentially added
The malic acid solution of acid sodium solution, 4mL 2mol/L, is eventually adding 6mL 1.74 × 10-2[CuL] (ClO of mol/L4)2It is molten
Liquid, maintenance system cumulative volume is 40mL, it is ensured that " H2SO4 - NaBrO3 - [CuL](ClO4)2 - malic acid " oscillation system(Mirror
Other solution)In, the molar concentration of each component is respectively sulfuric acid 1.0mol/L, sodium bromate 0.01625mol/L, malic acid
0.2mol/L、[CuL](ClO4)2 2.61×10-3mol/L.Discriminating is recorded with the computer equipped with logger lite programs molten
The vibration collection of illustrative plates that liquid current potential is changed over time.
Figure 16 is under typical concentration(Sulfuric acid 1.0mol/L, sodium bromate 0.01625mol/L, malic acid 0.2mol/L,
[CuL](ClO4)2 2.61×10-3mol/L), above-mentioned discriminating solution does not add the vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample to be tested, to make blank pair
According to.The color of observation vibration solution can be found that the continuous generating period change of the color of solution:Purple-brown color-purple,
And potential is also presented periodically change.
Take one group of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical(Sulfuric acid 1.0mol/L, sodium bromate
0.01625mol/L, malic acid 0.2mol/L, [CuL] (ClO4)2 2.61×10-3mol/L), the 5th electricity is reached in vibration collection of illustrative plates
Position minimum point when, with liquid-transfering gun add 40uL 0.25mol/L 3- hydroxybenzoic acids so that its differentiate solution in concentration be
2.5×10-4Mol/L, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates of gained is as shown in figure 17.
Take another group of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical, the 5th current potential is reached most in vibration collection of illustrative plates
During low spot, 40uL 0.25mol/L 4-HBAs are added with liquid-transfering gun so that its concentration in solution is differentiated is 2.5
×10-4Mol/L, the oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates of gained is as shown in figure 18.
(3) distinguish and differentiate
As aromatic isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA because molecular structure is different to reactant
System produces the difference of oscillatory response.As shown in Figure 17, compared with Figure 16, the addition of 3- hydroxybenzoic acids is suppressed vibration,
By one suppression time, the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced then is reverted to;And as shown in Figure 18, compared with Figure 16, phase
With the addition of the 4-HBA of concentration, oscillation system is directly changed the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced, suppression do not occur
Time processed.From above-mentioned identification experiment, can be according to the difference of oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates(There is the unrestraint time)Realize to 3- hydroxyls
The differentiation of benzoic acid and 4-HBA differentiates.
Take the solution of the sample to be identified of two 0.25mol/L of prior preparation(One of them is that 3- hydroxybenzoic acids are molten
Liquid, another is 4-HBA solution, but both not yet distinguish), it is 1 by one of mark, another mark
It is sample 2;
Prepare two groups of each component concentration and differentiate solution with above-mentioned concentration identical, corresponding vibration collection of illustrative plates is gathered respectively, and the 5th
The sample 1 and sample 2 of 40uL 0.25mol/L are separately added at individual current potential minimum point so that their concentration in solution is differentiated
It is 2.5 × 10-4mol/L。
Com-parison and analysis understand:Compared with Figure 16, the addition of sample 1 causes that vibration is suppressed to the vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample 1,
By one suppression time, the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced then is reverted to, its and Figure 18 corresponding with Figure 17 is not right
Should, therefore sample 1 is 3- hydroxybenzoic acids.The vibration collection of illustrative plates of sample 2 compared with Figure 16, the addition of the sample 2 of same concentrations,
So that vibration is directly changed the damped oscillation that amplitude is gradually reduced, there is not the suppression time, its and Figure 17 corresponding with Figure 18 is not
Correspondence, therefore sample 2 is 4-HBA.Therefore, according to the difference of oscillatory response collection of illustrative plates(There is the unrestraint time), realize
Differentiation to isomer 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the 3- hydroxybenzoic acids and 4-HBA of smaller or greater concentration can also
Differentiated by the inventive method.