CN106908098A - A kind of method for building up of Chinese medicine hippocampus commodity grade scale - Google Patents

A kind of method for building up of Chinese medicine hippocampus commodity grade scale Download PDF

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CN106908098A
CN106908098A CN201710049580.7A CN201710049580A CN106908098A CN 106908098 A CN106908098 A CN 106908098A CN 201710049580 A CN201710049580 A CN 201710049580A CN 106908098 A CN106908098 A CN 106908098A
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hippocampus
long
analysis
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cluster
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徐永健
司夏丹
葛晓鸣
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Ningbo University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method for building up of Chinese medicine hippocampus commodity grade scale, feature is to comprise the following steps：A. it is classified the measure of key element：Outward appearance characteristic index is quantified including form, color and luster, hardness, smell etc.；B. it is classified the establishment of key element：Analyzed with multivariate statistics on the basis of quantization modulation key element, with reference to produce reality, make the criteria for classification of Chinese medicine hippocampus commercial specification grade, advantage is to have considered multiple appearance characters, carry out objective quantification, overall merit, can provide support for the quality management of the producer, also for the consumption choice of consumer provides guidance.

Description

A kind of method for building up of Chinese medicine hippocampus commodity grade scale
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese medicine quality field, more particularly, to a kind of building for Chinese medicine hippocampus commodity grade scale Cube method.
Background technology
Hippocampus（seahorse）Belong to the small-sized bony fish of Syngnathidae, be traditional rare marine Chinese medicine, with battalion higher Support value.Research both at home and abroad shows that hippocampus does not only have hormone-like effect, moreover it is possible to strengthen hematopoiesis function, also anticancer, anti-aging, The effects such as antitumor, antifatigue and enhancing learning and memory.Tens of kinds of product, the market demand of raw material hippocampus are developed Greatly.Investigation finds hippocampus as Chinese medicine, have no for a long time science commodity medicinal material grade point, mainly with its Individual Size To determine quality, can be according to without strict standard.Nowadays the Year's consumption of China hippocampus is 3000-4000 ten thousand, so big consumption Amount makes the quality grading of hippocampus class medicinal material study particularly important.
" distinguishing that shape discusses matter " is the viewpoint of the marrow of Chinese medicine Conventional wisdom discriminating, and " shape " refers to proterties, including Chinese medicine is big The Index Contents such as small, color and luster, smell, quality, for judging medicinal material " matter "（Quality）Quality.The method is in China's traditional Chinese medicine neck Domain plays an important role always, as the basic foundation for dividing credit rating specification especially in medicinal material market.It is how right " shape " with quantization concept or degree of Chinese medicine hippocampus is screened and quantified, to form the differentiation hippocampus of more science The foundation of quality is the current most important thing.
Multi-variate statistical analysis is a kind of more feasible assay method, and the method is in crop genetic resource, fruit, flue-cured tobacco Applied in quality evaluation with some Chinese medicines etc..At present, the appearance character index both at home and abroad to medicinal material hippocampus is carried out Selection yet there are no with quantization, the research that the grade separation index system for dividing hippocampus is formed using Multielement statistical analysis method Relevant report.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of effective and objective and accurate Chinese medicine hippocampus commodity The method for building up of grade scale.
The present invention solve the technical scheme that is used of above-mentioned technical problem for：A kind of Chinese medicine hippocampus commodity grade scale Method for building up, comprises the following steps：
（1）It is classified the measure of key element, i.e. quantizating index：Collect the hippocampus at different growth ages, measure the sign of hippocampus, weight, Color and luster, hardness and smell index, specific measuring method are as follows：
A. the sign of described hippocampus includes：The height and width of pectoral fin and dorsal fin, body total length（Body is long=long+stem length+tail It is long）, tail length, kiss be wide, body is thick（The length in trunk thickness）, body it is wide（The length of trunk the widest part）, eye footpath, kiss be long, head Long, stem length；Calculate body profile parameter index（Binary shape parameter）：Pectoral fin is long/pectoral fin is high, dorsal fin it is long/dorsal fin is high, body it is long/tail Long, kiss is long/kiss is wide, stem length/body is wide, long/kiss is long, body it is long/a long, body is long/stem length；With vernier caliper measurement hippocampus Sign data；
B. with its weight in wet base of electronic balance weighing, 50 DEG C of h of baking oven freeze-day with constant temperature 48 are dry measure, and These parameters unit of weight is g, long Degree unit is mm；
C. the condition determination of described color and luster is：The exterior color of hippocampus is determined using color evaluating, L is used✽、a✽、b✽Color is empty Between represent, each sample is chosen 5 at body surface head, the 3rd trunk ring, the penultimate trunk ring of both sides, the 3rd tail ring It is individual, it is final color measuring result with 5 averages of point；
D. the condition determination of described hardness is：Using the hardness of instrumental test hippocampus, each sample chooses body surface head, the 5 points measurements at three trunk rings, the penultimate trunk ring of both sides, the 3rd tail ring, with 5 averages of point for it is final firmly Degree measurement result；
E. the condition determination of described smell is：Each part hippocampus is crushed with medicinal herb grinder after mixing, weigh 0.5 g crushing Hippocampus sample, is put into 10 mL ml headspace bottles, seals, and is detected with Electronic Nose successively, and every part of sample is repeated 3 times；Collection 10 pieces sensors response Value Datas, are designated as R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10 respectively；
（2）The establishment of key element is classified, i.e. result treatment is specific as follows：Using multi-variate statistical analysis indices data specific steps For：Finishing analysis are carried out to data using Excel, SPSS19.0 and Winmuster software, to hippocampus appearance character index successively Cluster is judged in the statistical analysis of being described property, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, hierarchial-cluster analysis, Fisher discriminant analyses The reasonability of result, calculate comprehensive further according to each factor score in factorial analysis and the variance contribution ratio corresponding to each factor Point, hippocampus must be divided into the fourth class with reference to comprehensive, often etc. there are 2 ~ 4 grades, totally ten three-levels, Hippocampus Kuda commercial specification classification standard result is such as Shown in table 1 below：
The hippocampus commercial specification classification standard of table 1
The hippocampus commercial specification classification standard of continued 1
Step（1）The testing conditions of described hardness are：P5 pops one's head in, the mm/s of test speed 0.5, elastic deformation 50%.Institute The odor data acquisition testing condition stated is：Carrier gas is air, and the mL/min of flow velocity 600, the s of data acquisition time 200, data are adopted The s of collection cycle 1.
Step（2）What described classification key element was established comprises the following steps that：
A. described use Excel, SPSS19.0 and Winmuster software carries out finishing analysis to data to be included：Using Winmuster softwares collect the odour value of each hippocampus sample, are collected in all data input Excel that will be measured；
B. described descriptive statistical analysis are：The data collected to Excel, by SPSS19.0 to data analysis, by retouching The property stated statistics obtains the excursion of hippocampus Main Appearance Characteristics, such as minimum, maximum value average, standard deviation and the coefficient of variation Result；
C. described correlation analysis are：Data are carried out correlation analysis by the data collected to Excel by SPSS19.0, Obtain the positive negative correlation and the significance of difference between each index；
D. described principal component analysis is：Data are carried out principal component analysis by the data collected to Excel by SPSS19.0, Checked through KMO and Bartlett, KMO statistical values>0.5, Bartlett inspection significance value<0.05, that is, it is adapted to decide into Analysis；Principal component of the selected characteristic root more than 1, chooses index of the relative coefficient more than 0.9 in first principal component；Remaining choosing Relative coefficient is forward in taking principal component, i.e., first two with high load or an index；
E. described hierarchial-cluster analysis are：Data are carried out Hierarchical Clustering point by the data collected to Excel by SPSS19.0 Analysis, the index with high load is flat using deviation as graduation research foundation in each principal component obtained using principal component analysis Just and hierarchial-cluster analysis are carried out to hippocampus；
F. described Fisher discriminant analyses are：Data are carried out Fisher and sentenced by the data collected to Excel by SPSS19.0 Do not analyze, whether the classification of the described hierarchial-cluster analysis of inspection is reasonable, if cluster correct classification rate is more than or equal to 95%, The classification of described hierarchial-cluster analysis rationally, if cluster correct classification rate is less than 95%, is carried out using Fisher discriminant analyses Correction is until cluster correct classification rate is more than or equal to 95%；
G. described comprehensive score computing formula：D=Σ[Pi×Wi], i=1,2... n, D values are comprehensive material to be tested in formula Comprehensive evaluation value obtained by metrics evaluation, PiIt is the score value of i-th factor of sample, WiIt is the variance contribution of i-th common factor of sample Rate, n is the number of common factor, and the average of described hierarchial-cluster analysis gained cluster result is divided with SPSS19.0 Analysis, draws factor score, determines weight, calculates inhomogeneous overall merit D values, is referred to the size reflection hippocampus appearance character of value The height of overall merit is marked, with rating.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：Present invention firstly discloses a kind of Chinese medicine hippocampus commodity point Level establishment of standard method, uses to quantify hippocampus face shaping index（Form, color, hardness, smell etc.）Based on, it is related Property analysis understand that form can figureofmerit be all long with body and body weight is presented positive correlation, principal component analysis understands that In Grade is good and bad to be influenceed most Big be form can figureofmerit, next to that smell, then color and luster and bodily form ratio.Cluster analysis by it is different growth the ages hippocampus Different classes are categorized into, of a sort hippocampus has very big similitude, and inhomogeneous hippocampus has very big diversity.Based on master The cluster analysis of composition reduces the complexity of statistics, and most of external appearance characteristic information is illustrated with less principal component, and Fisher discriminant analyses demonstrate the reasonability of classification.Using integrated evaluating method, hippocampus medicinal material is carried out with reference to the market status Oeverall quality is graded, then to carrying out quality grading in same grade.Body weight, body be long by multivariate statistics Analysis and Screening, body Wide, body is thick, pectoral fin is long, dorsal fin is long, eye footpath, a long, L✽、b✽, R2, R5, R9 as hippocampus commercial grade and the index of division, with The original standard in market is coincide substantially, but consider the grade scale of the influences such as size, the girth of a garment, color and luster, smell more clearly, tool Body, comprehensively, make market more normative and reasonable.It is final to determine being categorized as medicinal material hippocampus quality：It is excellent（One-level, two grades, three-level）、 It is first-class（One-level, two grades）, it is second-class（One-level, two grades, three-level, level Four）, it is third（One-level, two grades, three-level, level Four）.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
This example was used through 3 years, the Hippocampus Kuda at the different growth ages of collection（Hippocampus kuda）It is material Material, totally 17 batch, 1770 tails, count 177 parts, numbering 1# ~ 177#.Specific implementation step is as follows：
Choose measurement（Slide measure）The sign of Hippocampus Kuda includes：The height and width of pectoral fin and dorsal fin, body total length（Body is long=head Length+stem length+tail length）, tail length, kiss be wide, body is thick（The length in trunk thickness）, body it is wide（The length of trunk the widest part）、 Eye footpath, kiss length, a long, stem length；Calculate body profile parameter index（Binary shape parameter）：Pectoral fin is long/pectoral fin is high, dorsal fin it is long/back of the body Fin is high, body it is long/tail length, kiss be long/kiss is wide, stem length/body is wide, long/kiss is long, body it is long/a long, body is long/stem length.With electronics day Flat to weigh its weight in wet base, 50 DEG C of h of baking oven freeze-day with constant temperature 48 are dry measure.These parameters unit of weight is g, and long measure is mm.
The exterior color of Hippocampus Kuda is determined using color evaluating, L is used✽、a✽、b✽The colour space represents, each sample hippocampus Choose 5 points of body surface（At head, the 3rd trunk ring, the penultimate trunk ring of both sides, the 3rd tail ring）, with 5 points Average is final measurement result.
Using the hardness of instrumental test Hippocampus Kuda, each sample repeats to survey 5 times（Choose the same color and luster in position）, with 5 points Average is final measurement result.Through test of many times, the condition of optimizing detection is：P5 pops one's head in, the mm/s of test speed 0.5, elastic shape Become 50%.
Each part Hippocampus Kuda is crushed with medicinal herb grinder after mixing, weigh the hippocampus sample of 0.5 g crushing, be put into 10 mL In ml headspace bottle, seal, detected with Electronic Nose successively, every part of sample is repeated 3 times.Acquire 10 sensor responses Data, are designated as R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10 respectively.Odor data acquisition testing condition is：Carrier gas is sky Gas, the mL/min of flow velocity 600, the s of data acquisition time 200, the s of data collection cycle 1.
Finishing analysis are carried out to data using Excel, SPSS19.0 and Winmuster software.To Hippocampus Kuda appearance character The statistical analysis of being described property of index, correlation analysis, interpretation of result is as shown in table 2, table 3.
The excursion of the hippocampus Main Appearance Characteristics of table 2（X ± s, n=1770）
Index Minimum Maximum Average Standard deviation The coefficient of variation
Weight in wet base 0.65 25.87 8.37 4.72 56.45
Dry weight 0.27 7.47 2.31 1.29 55.80
Body is long 78.22 196.06 143.34 23.89 16.66
Body is thick 5.39 17.64 10.08 1.90 18.83
Body is wide 9.22 33.72 19.84 4.60 23.20
Pectoral fin is high 2.16 6.32 4.68 0.68 14.61
Pectoral fin is long 2.96 7.76 5.21 0.99 18.96
Dorsal fin is high 3.04 9.14 6.40 0.97 15.08
Dorsal fin is long 5.28 19.44 11.33 2.65 23.37
Eye footpath 3.96 6.86 5.27 0.62 11.83
Kiss is wide 1.44 3.44 2.36 0.40 16.81
Kiss length 7.82 20.02 12.91 2.12 16.45
It is long 15.84 38.86 28.04 4.35 15.51
Stem length 18.44 56.72 36.76 6.95 18.92
Tail length 43.94 106.36 78.55 14.25 18.14
Pectoral fin is long/and pectoral fin is high 0.76 1.61 1.11 0.14 12.61
Dorsal fin is long/and dorsal fin is high 0.99 2.39 1.76 0.25 14.10
Kiss length/kiss is wide 3.75 7.39 5.49 0.45 8.28
Long/kiss length 1.58 2.82 2.18 0.14 6.36
Stem length/body is wide 1.20 2.66 1.90 0.30 15.99
Body is long/and it is long 4.08 6.78 5.12 0.38 7.42
Body is long/stem length 3.25 4.94 3.93 0.35 8.87
Body is long/tail length 1.65 2.07 1.83 0.08 4.50
Hardness 1.08 16.23 5.80 3.06 52.81
20.58 57.62 35.94 9.95 27.69
-1.11 5.46 1.97 1.14 57.89
1.40 33.57 11.74 6.68 56.92
R1 1.29 3.55 1.78 0.30 16.93
R2 1.05 13.29 2.61 1.92 73.68
R3 1.11 1.86 1.34 0.13 9.62
R4 1.00 1.32 1.13 0.05 4.71
R5 1.09 2.88 1.52 0.27 17.63
R6 1.37 3.91 2.16 0.36 16.58
R7 0.86 6.58 1.87 0.68 36.32
R8 1.16 2.86 1.69 0.23 13.48
R9 0.98 5.79 1.96 0.63 32.33
R10 0.99 1.29 1.06 0.05 5.09
The hippocampus appearance character of table 3 can figureofmerit correlation analysis（X ± s, n=1770）
Index Weight in wet base Dry weight Pectoral fin is high Pectoral fin is long Dorsal fin is high Dorsal fin is long Body is long Tail length Kiss is wide Body is thick Body is wide Eye footpath Kiss length It is long Stem length
Weight in wet base 1.000
Dry weight 0.982 1.000
Pectoral fin is high 0.717 0.735 1.000
Pectoral fin is long 0.779 0.789 0.776 1.000
Dorsal fin is high 0.765 0.761 0.677 0.793 1.000
Dorsal fin is long 0.858 0.844 0.677 0.860 0.836 1.000
Body is long 0.817 0.814 0.623 0.843 0.782 0.896 1.000
Tail length 0.748 0.747 0.530 0.774 0.724 0.851 0.963 1.000
Kiss is wide 0.625 0.607 0.592 0.551 0.535 0.617 0.674 0.638 1.000
Body is thick 0.797 0.817 0.702 0.790 0.725 0.773 0.755 0.677 0.480 1.000
Body is wide 0.916 0.912 0.701 0.760 0.759 0.860 0.795 0.753 0.596 0.813 1.000
Eye footpath 0.739 0.727 0.519 0.710 0.668 0.781 0.859 0.827 0.633 0.608 0.659 1.000
Kiss length 0.578 0.575 0.591 0.598 0.483 0.610 0.698 0.626 0.751 0.540 0.540 0.673 1.000
It is long 0.762 0.753 0.712 0.773 0.673 0.769 0.853 0.758 0.776 0.710 0.717 0.751 0.871 1.000
Stem length 0.770 0.769 0.592 0.798 0.753 0.825 0.902 0.770 0.522 0.737 0.717 0.763 0.569 0.742 1.000
Appearance character index to 177 parts of Hippocampus Kudas carries out principal component and factorial analysis, is checked through KMO and Bartlett, KMO systems Evaluation is 0.746>0.5, Bartlett inspection significance value is 0.000<0.05, illustrate that these indexs are adapted to do Factor minute Analysis.Preceding 7 principal component of the characteristic root more than 1（PC1~PC7）Accumulation contribution rate be 81.625%, can be with former 37 of concentrated expression The information of index.Wherein the characteristic root of first principal component is 12.426, and contribution rate is 35.502%；The characteristic root of Second principal component, It is 6.301, contribution rate is 18.002%；The characteristic root of the 3rd principal component is 2.671, and contribution rate is 7.632%；4th principal component Characteristic root is 2.464, and contribution rate is 7.041%；The characteristic root of the 5th principal component is 2.042, and contribution rate is 5.833%；6th master The characteristic root of composition is 1.505, and contribution rate is 4.299%；The characteristic root of the 7th principal component is 1.161, and contribution rate is 3.316%.
First principal component mainly reflects the overall weight and body size feature of Hippocampus Kuda；Second principal component, is mainly reflected The odor characteristics of Hippocampus Kuda, R5 and R9 have high load；3rd principal component mainly reflects lustre index feature, L✽、b✽Have compared with Top load；4th principal component mainly reflects the bodily form ratio feature related to Hippocampus Kuda girth of a garment degree, and stem length/body is wide There is load higher in four principal components；5th principal component mainly reflects the head morphological feature of Hippocampus Kuda, long/kiss length have compared with Load high；B in 6th principal component✽, body it is long/it is long, stem length/body is wide high load；Odor characteristics in 7th principal component R2 indexs have high load.
Choosing the index with high load carries out cluster analysis, and when sum of squares of deviations is 5.5, it is 4 that 177 parts of samples gather Class（Ⅰ~Ⅳ）.Fisher discriminant analyses are carried out to cluster result according to 17 appearance characters, is as a result shown, sentenced with cluster numbers as 4 The sample to 97.2% is not analyzed correctly to be classified, illustrate it is this kind of classification be it is rational, can according to this as Hippocampus Kuda point Etc. foundation.When sum of squares of deviations is 1.5, it is 13 classes that 177 parts of samples gather.It is 13 discriminant analyses to 93.8% with cluster numbers Sample is correctly classified, then be corrected using Fisher discriminant analyses until cluster correct classification rate is more than or equal to 95% Afterwards, can according to this as the classification foundation of Hippocampus Kuda.Ith class includes first, second and third class, and the IIth class includes fourth, fifth class, the III class is comprising the six, the seven, eight, nine classes, the IVth class is comprising the ten, the 11,12,13 classes.Cluster result analysis such as table 4, table 5 It is shown.
All kinds of average values of the appearance character cluster analysis of table 4
Classification Weight in wet base Dry weight Body is long Body is thick Body is wide Pectoral fin is long Dorsal fin is long Eye footpath It is long
Ith class 13.522 3.693 164.127 11.735 25.029 6.063 13.741 5.805 31.481
IIth class 9.233 2.630 155.080 10.661 20.315 5.868 12.440 5.733 28.828
IIIth class 7.637 2.093 145.327 10.171 19.155 5.263 11.510 5.289 28.829
IVth class 2.747 0.816 109.688 7.604 14.181 3.828 7.559 4.424 21.810
All kinds of average values of the appearance character cluster analysis of continued 4
Classification Stem length/body is wide Long/kiss length Body is long/and it is long L b R2 R5 R9
Ith class 1.679 2.219 5.221 32.189 10.082 2.679 1.426 1.785
IIth class 1.960 2.265 5.387 29.875 6.850 8.834 2.158 3.397
IIIth class 1.932 2.130 5.046 37.935 12.690 2.139 1.514 1.957
IVth class 2.104 2.205 5.070 38.327 13.101 2.166 1.509 1.924
13 class average values of the appearance character cluster analysis of table 5
Classification Weight in wet base Dry weight Body is long Body is thick Body is wide Pectoral fin is long Dorsal fin is long Eye footpath It is long
The first kind 17.533 4.941 180.435 12.803 27.267 6.912 15.700 6.183 33.055
Equations of The Second Kind 14.014 3.788 158.705 11.183 25.132 5.648 13.372 5.651 32.094
3rd class 10.934 2.955 158.380 11.593 23.431 5.934 12.992 5.761 30.160
4th class 7.631 2.234 155.170 10.390 17.660 6.050 11.300 5.720 29.980
5th class 9.766 2.762 155.050 10.752 21.200 5.807 12.820 5.737 28.443
6th class 9.668 2.691 163.243 10.791 21.338 5.410 12.728 5.619 30.039
7th class 7.598 2.152 143.082 10.393 19.616 5.348 11.452 5.225 28.777
8th class 7.750 2.048 141.724 10.226 18.663 5.377 11.088 5.217 29.589
9th class 5.286 1.404 133.041 8.929 17.010 4.830 10.740 4.964 26.337
Tenth class 3.220 1.052 116.371 8.318 15.499 3.874 7.728 4.593 24.181
11st class 2.518 0.596 109.317 7.176 12.620 3.983 8.423 4.489 21.720
12nd class 2.526 0.914 106.593 8.055 15.413 4.003 7.997 4.187 18.080
13rd class 2.356 0.522 102.974 6.537 12.538 3.524 6.672 4.320 20.314
13 class average values of the appearance character cluster analysis of continued 5
Classification Stem length/body is wide Long/kiss length Body is long/and it is long L b R2 R5 R9
The first kind 1.784 2.221 5.461 28.332 7.213 4.556 1.654 2.296
Equations of The Second Kind 1.499 2.235 4.957 42.229 17.054 2.205 1.389 1.680
3rd class 1.768 2.209 5.256 26.379 6.146 2.082 1.340 1.605
4th class 2.227 2.194 5.179 34.750 9.530 2.364 2.810 5.408
5th class 1.871 2.289 5.457 28.250 5.957 10.991 1.940 2.727
6th class 1.978 2.110 5.438 35.787 11.643 2.620 1.577 2.102
7th class 1.800 2.124 4.980 31.513 7.912 1.978 1.724 2.464
8th class 1.999 2.143 4.789 51.179 22.236 2.112 1.422 1.739
9th class 1.920 2.127 5.070 29.828 7.396 1.788 1.293 1.441
Tenth class 1.983 2.157 4.812 44.299 14.763 2.066 1.590 2.116
11st class 2.281 2.017 5.054 30.689 8.596 2.187 1.295 1.457
12nd class 1.857 2.224 5.902 39.165 13.303 1.904 1.655 2.160
13rd class 2.341 2.416 5.075 32.002 11.210 2.473 1.444 1.800
Using comprehensive evaluation value D computing formula：D=Σ[Pi×Wi], i=1,2... n, D values are comprehensive material to be tested in formula Comprehensive evaluation value obtained by metrics evaluation, PiIt is the score value of i-th factor of sample, WiIt is the variance contribution of i-th common factor of sample Rate, n is the number of common factor.The average of described hierarchial-cluster analysis gained cluster result is divided with SPSS19.0 Analysis, draws factor score, determines weight, calculates inhomogeneous overall merit D values, is referred to the size reflection hippocampus appearance character of value The height of overall merit is marked, with rating.Overall merit D value results are as follows：
DⅡ=0.9>DⅠ=0.33>DⅢ=-0.4 >DⅣ=-0.83；
DOne=1.05>DFour=0.82>DFive=0.77>DTwo=0.37>DThree>DSix=0.24>DSeven=0.03>DEight=-0.17>DNine=-0.45>D12> =-0.55>DTen=-0.63>D13=-0.77>D11=-0.98。
Though the morphological index of the IIth class is high not as good as the Ith class, influenceed by color and luster and smell, D is worth dividing higher, considers Existing market situation, still Main Basiss body is long during graduation, weight is good and bad index opinion.From correlation analysis, body is long/head Long, long/kiss length, color and luster, R5, R9 and body is long, weight is negatively correlated, stem length/body is wide negatively correlated with weight, R2 and body Long, weight is proportionate.
Chinese medicine Hippocampus Kuda commodity are tentatively divided into the fourth class according to appearance character cluster analysis result and D this research of value, often Etc. there is 2 ~ 4 grades, totally ten three-level.Concrete outcome is as shown in table 1,
The hippocampus commercial specification classification standard of table 1
The hippocampus commercial specification classification standard of continued 1
Certainly, described above not limitation of the present invention, the present invention is also not limited to the example above.The art In essential scope of the invention, change, remodeling, addition or the replacement made should also belong to of the invention those of ordinary skill Protection domain.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of method for building up of Chinese medicine hippocampus commodity grade scale, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）It is classified the measure of key element, i.e. quantizating index：Collect the hippocampus at different growth ages, measure the sign of hippocampus, weight, Color and luster, hardness and smell index, specific measuring method are as follows：
A. the sign of described hippocampus includes：The height and width of pectoral fin and dorsal fin, body total length（Body is long=long+stem length+tail It is long）, tail length, kiss be wide, body is thick（The length in trunk thickness）, body it is wide（The length of trunk the widest part）, eye footpath, kiss be long, head Long, stem length；Calculate body profile parameter index（Binary shape parameter）：Pectoral fin is long/pectoral fin is high, dorsal fin it is long/dorsal fin is high, body it is long/tail Long, kiss is long/kiss is wide, stem length/body is wide, long/kiss is long, body it is long/a long, body is long/stem length；With vernier caliper measurement hippocampus Sign data；
B. with its weight in wet base of electronic balance weighing, 50 DEG C of h of baking oven freeze-day with constant temperature 48 are dry measure, and These parameters unit of weight is g, long Degree unit is mm；
C. the condition determination of described color and luster is：The exterior color of hippocampus is determined using color evaluating, L is used✽、a✽、b✽Color is empty Between represent, each sample is chosen 5 at body surface head, the 3rd trunk ring, the penultimate trunk ring of both sides, the 3rd tail ring It is individual, it is final color measuring result with 5 averages of point；
D. the condition determination of described hardness is：Using the hardness of instrumental test hippocampus, each sample chooses body surface head, the 5 points measurements at three trunk rings, the penultimate trunk ring of both sides, the 3rd tail ring, with 5 averages of point for it is final firmly Degree measurement result；
E. the condition determination of described smell is：Each part hippocampus is crushed with medicinal herb grinder after mixing, weigh 0.5 g crushing Hippocampus sample, is put into 10 mL ml headspace bottles, seals, and is detected with Electronic Nose successively, and every part of sample is repeated 3 times；Collection 10 pieces sensors response Value Datas, are designated as R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10 respectively；
（2）The establishment of key element is classified, i.e. result treatment is specific as follows：Using multi-variate statistical analysis indices data specific steps For：Finishing analysis are carried out to data using Excel, SPSS19.0 and Winmuster software, to hippocampus appearance character index successively Cluster is judged in the statistical analysis of being described property, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, hierarchial-cluster analysis, Fisher discriminant analyses The reasonability of result, calculate comprehensive further according to each factor score in factorial analysis and the variance contribution ratio corresponding to each factor Point, hippocampus must be divided into the fourth class with reference to comprehensive, often etc. there are 2 ~ 4 grades, totally ten three-levels, wherein it is excellent including one-level, two grades and three-level, First-class includes firsts and seconds, second-class including one-level, two grades, three-level and level Four, third including one-level, two grades, three-level and level Four.
2. a kind of method for building up of Chinese medicine hippocampus commodity grade scale according to claim 1, it is characterised in that sea Horse trader's product specification grade standard concrete outcome is as shown in table 1 below：
The hippocampus commercial specification classification standard of table 1
The hippocampus commercial specification classification standard of continued 1
。
3. the method for building up of a kind of Chinese medicine hippocampus commodity grade scale according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step （1）The testing conditions of described hardness are：P5 pops one's head in, the mm/s of test speed 0.5, elastic deformation 50%.
4. the method for building up of a kind of Chinese medicine hippocampus commodity grade scale according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step （1）Described odor data acquisition testing condition is：Carrier gas is air, the mL/min of flow velocity 600, the s of data acquisition time 200, The s of data collection cycle 1.
5. the method for building up of a kind of Chinese medicine hippocampus commodity grade scale according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step （2）What described classification key element was established comprises the following steps that：
A. described use Excel, SPSS19.0 and Winmuster software carries out finishing analysis to data to be included：Using Winmuster softwares collect the odour value of each hippocampus sample, are collected in all data input Excel that will be measured；
B. described descriptive statistical analysis are：The data collected to Excel, by SPSS19.0 to data analysis, by retouching The property stated statistics obtains the excursion of hippocampus Main Appearance Characteristics, such as minimum, maximum value average, standard deviation and the coefficient of variation Result；
C. described correlation analysis are：Data are carried out correlation analysis by the data collected to Excel by SPSS19.0, Obtain the positive negative correlation and the significance of difference between each index；
D. described principal component analysis is：Data are carried out principal component analysis by the data collected to Excel by SPSS19.0, Checked through KMO and Bartlett, KMO statistical values>0.5, Bartlett inspection significance value<0.05, that is, it is adapted to decide into Analysis；Principal component of the selected characteristic root more than 1, chooses index of the relative coefficient more than 0.9 in first principal component；Remaining choosing Relative coefficient is forward in taking principal component, i.e., first two with high load or an index；
E. described hierarchial-cluster analysis are：Data are carried out Hierarchical Clustering point by the data collected to Excel by SPSS19.0 Analysis, the index with high load is flat using deviation as graduation research foundation in each principal component obtained using principal component analysis Just and hierarchial-cluster analysis are carried out to hippocampus；
F. described Fisher discriminant analyses are：Data are carried out Fisher and sentenced by the data collected to Excel by SPSS19.0 Do not analyze, whether the classification of the described hierarchial-cluster analysis of inspection is reasonable, if cluster correct classification rate is more than or equal to 95%, The classification of described hierarchial-cluster analysis rationally, if cluster correct classification rate is less than 95%, is carried out using Fisher discriminant analyses Correction is until cluster correct classification rate is more than or equal to 95%；
G. described comprehensive score computing formula：D=Σ[Pi×Wi], i=1,2... n, D values are material to be tested with comprehensively referring in formula Mark the comprehensive evaluation value obtained by evaluation, PiIt is the score value of i-th factor of sample, WiIt is the variance contribution of i-th common factor of sample Rate, n is the number of common factor, and the average of described hierarchial-cluster analysis gained cluster result is divided with SPSS19.0 Analysis, draws factor score, determines weight, calculates inhomogeneous overall merit D values, is referred to the size reflection hippocampus appearance character of value The height of overall merit is marked, with rating.
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