Disclosure of Invention
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a method for diagnosing tongue squamous carcinoma by detecting the difference in the expression of GAGE2D gene or protein.
The invention also aims to provide a method for predicting tongue squamous cell carcinoma prognosis by detecting the expression difference of GAGE2D gene or protein.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for treating tongue squamous carcinoma by activating the GAGE2D gene or the GAGE2D protein.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide a method for screening the drug for treating tongue squamous carcinoma.
The fifth purpose of the invention is to provide a medicine for treating tongue squamous carcinoma.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides application of a product for detecting GAGE2D in preparing a tongue squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis tool.
Furthermore, the products for detecting the GAGE2D comprise products for detecting the expression level of GAGE2D genes.
Still further, the products for detecting GAGE2D include products capable of quantifying GAGE2D gene mRNA, and/or products capable of quantifying GAGE2D protein.
The product of the present invention for quantifying GAGE2D gene mRNA can exert its function based on a known method using a nucleic acid molecule: such as PCR, e.g., Southern hybridization, Northern hybridization, dot hybridization, Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH), DNA microarray, ASO methods, high throughput sequencing platforms, etc. The product can be used to conduct the assay qualitatively, quantitatively, or semi-quantitatively.
The nucleic acid contained in the above-mentioned products can be obtained by chemical synthesis, or by preparing a gene containing a desired nucleic acid from a biological material and then amplifying it using a primer designed to amplify the desired nucleic acid.
Further, the PCR method is a known method, for example, ARMS (Amplification Refractorymutation System) method, RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase-PCR) method, nested PCR method, or the like. The amplified nucleic acid can be detected by using a dot blot hybridization method, a surface plasmon resonance method (SPR method), a PCR-RFLP method, an in situ RT-PCR method, a PCR-SSO (sequence specific oligonucleotide) method, a PCR-SSP method, an AMPFLP (amplifiable fragment length polymorphism) method, an MVR-PCR method, and a PCR-SSCP (single strand conformation polymorphism) method.
The product capable of quantifying the mRNA of the GAGE2D gene comprises a primer for specifically amplifying the GAGE2D gene used in real-time quantitative PCR, and the sequence of the primer is shown as SEQ ID NO.1 and SEQ ID NO. 2.
The primers included in the product can be prepared by chemical synthesis, appropriately designed by referring to known information using a method known to those skilled in the art, and prepared by chemical synthesis.
The above-mentioned nucleic acids may further include a probe which can be prepared by chemical synthesis, appropriately designed by referring to known information using a method known to those skilled in the art, and prepared by chemical synthesis, or can be prepared by preparing a gene containing a desired nucleic acid sequence from a biological material and amplifying it using a primer designed for amplifying the desired nucleic acid sequence.
The product of the invention for quantifying GAGE2D protein can perform its function based on known methods using antibodies: for example, ELISA, radioimmunoassay, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, etc. may be included.
The products of the invention for quantifying GAGE2D protein include antibodies or fragments thereof that specifically bind to GAGE2D protein. An antibody or fragment thereof of any structure, size, immunoglobulin class, origin, etc., may be used so long as it binds to the target protein. The antibodies or fragments thereof included in the assay products of the invention may be monoclonal or polyclonal. An antibody fragment refers to a portion of an antibody (partial fragment) or a peptide containing a portion of an antibody that retains the binding activity of the antibody to an antigen. Antibody fragments may include F (ab')2Fab', Fab, single chain fv (scfv), disulfide-bonded fv (dsfv) or polymers thereof, dimerized V regions (diabodies), or CDR-containing peptides. The products of the invention for quantifying GAGE2D protein can include isolated nucleic acids encoding the amino acid sequence of an antibody or encoding a fragment of an antibody, vectors containing the nucleic acids, and cells carrying the vectors.
Antibodies can be obtained by methods well known to those skilled in the art. For example, mammalian cell expression vectors that retain all or part of the target protein or incorporate polynucleotides encoding them are prepared as antigens. After immunizing an animal with an antigen, immune cells are obtained from the immunized animal and myeloma cells are fused to obtain hybridomas. The antibody is then collected from the hybridoma culture. Finally, a monoclonal antibody against the GAGE2D protein can be obtained by subjecting the obtained antibody to antigen-specific purification using the GAGE2D protein or a part thereof used as an antigen. Polyclonal antibodies can be prepared as follows: an animal is immunized with the same antigen as above, a blood sample is collected from the immunized animal, serum is separated from the blood, and then antigen-specific purification is performed on the serum using the above antigen. The antibody fragment can be obtained by treating the obtained antibody with an enzyme or by using sequence information of the obtained antibody.
Binding of the label to the antibody or fragment thereof can be carried out by methods generally known in the art. For example, proteins or peptides may be fluorescently labeled as follows: the protein or peptide is washed with phosphate buffer, a dye prepared with DMSO, a buffer, or the like is added, and the solution is mixed and left at room temperature for 10 minutes. In addition, labeling may be carried out using commercially available labeling kits, such as biotin labeling kit, e.g., biotin labeling kit-NH 2, biotin labeling kit-SH (Dojindo laboratories); alkaline phosphatase labeling kits such as alkaline phosphatase labeling kit-NH 2, alkaline phosphatase labeling kit-sh (dojindo laboratories); peroxidase labeling kits such as peroxidase labeling kit-NH 2, peroxidase labeling kit-NH 2(Dojindo Laboratories); phycobiliprotein labeling kits such as phycobiliprotein labeling kit-NH 2, phycobiliprotein labeling kit-SH, B-phycoerythrin labeling kit-NH 2, B-phycoerythrin labeling kit-SH, R-phycoerythrin labeling kit-NH 2, R-phycoerythrin labeling kit SH (dojindo laboratories); fluorescent labeling kits such as fluorescein labeling kit-NH 2, HiLyte Fluor (TM)555 labeling kit-NH 2, HiLyte Fluor (TM)647 labeling kit-NH 2(Dojindo Laboratories); and DyLight 547 and DyLight647(Techno Chemical Corp.), Zenon (TM), Alexa Fluor (TM) antibody labeling kit, Qdot (TM) antibody labeling kit (Invitrogen Corporation), and EZ-marker protein labeling kit (Funakoshi Corporation). For proper labeling, a suitable instrument can be used to detect the labeled antibody or fragment thereof.
As a sample of the detection product according to the present invention, a tissue sample or fluid obtained from a biopsy subject, for example, can be used. The sample is not particularly limited as long as it is suitable for the assay of the present invention; for example, it may comprise tissue, blood, plasma, serum, lymph, urine, serosal cavity fluid, spinal fluid, synovial fluid, aqueous humor, tears, saliva, or fractions or treated materials thereof.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the sample is from a tissue of a subject.
Furthermore, the product for quantifying the GAGE2D gene or the GAGE2D protein can be a reagent for detecting the GAGE2D gene or the GAGE2D protein, can also be a kit, a chip, a test paper and the like containing the reagent, and can also be a high-throughput sequencing platform using the reagent.
The invention also provides a tool for diagnosing tongue squamous carcinoma, which can detect the expression level of GAGE2D gene.
Further, the means include reagents capable of quantifying GAGE2D gene mRNA, and/or reagents capable of quantifying GAGE2D protein.
Further, the reagent capable of quantifying the mRNA of the GAGE2D gene is a primer for specifically amplifying the GAGE2D gene used in real-time quantitative PCR, and the sequence of the primer is shown as SEQ ID NO.1 and SEQ ID NO. 2.
Further, the tool for diagnosing tongue squamous carcinoma includes, but is not limited to, a chip, a kit, a test paper, or a high throughput sequencing platform; the high-throughput sequencing platform is a special tool for diagnosing tongue squamous cell carcinoma, and with the development of a high-throughput sequencing technology, the construction of a gene expression profile of a person becomes very convenient and fast work. By comparing the gene expression profiles of patients with diseases and normal people, the abnormality of which gene is related to the disease can be easily analyzed. Therefore, the knowledge that the abnormality of GAGE2D gene is related to tongue squamous carcinoma in high-throughput sequencing is also included in the application of GAGE2D and is also within the protection scope of the present invention.
The number of amino acids recognized by the anti-GAGE 2D antibody or fragment thereof used in the detection product, diagnostic tool, and the like of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the antibody can bind to GAGE 2D.
The present invention also provides a method for diagnosing tongue squamous carcinoma, comprising the steps of:
(1) obtaining a sample from a subject;
(2) detecting the expression level of GAGE2D gene or protein in the subject sample;
(3) correlating the measured expression level of GAGE2D gene or protein with the presence or absence of disease in the subject.
(4) When the expression level of the GAGE2D gene or protein is decreased as compared to the control, the subject is judged to have or be at risk of having tongue squamous cell carcinoma, or the patient with tongue squamous cell carcinoma is judged to have a relapse, or the patient with tongue squamous cell carcinoma is judged to have a poor prognosis.
The invention also provides a method of treating tongue squamous carcinoma, the method comprising activating a GAGE2D gene or a GAGE2D protein.
Further, the method comprises promoting the expression of the GAGE2D gene, or promoting the expression of GAGE2D protein or enhancing the activity of GAGE2D protein.
The invention also provides a screening method of tumor drugs, which can measure the effect of the tumor drugs on improving the tumor prognosis by measuring the expression level of GAGE2D gene or GAGE2D protein after adding test drugs to cancer cells or at a certain period after administering the test drugs to tumor model animals. More specifically, when the expression level of the GAGE2D gene or the GAGE2D protein is increased or restored to a normal level after the addition or administration of a test drug, the drug can be selected as a therapeutic drug for improving the prognosis of tumor.
The invention also provides a medicament for treating tongue squamous carcinoma, which comprises an activator of GAGE 2D.
The activator of GAGE2D of the invention is not limited as long as the activator can promote or enhance the expression or activity of GAGE2D or a substance involved in the upstream or downstream pathway of GAGE2D, and is a drug effective for treating tumors.
The invention also provides application of the activator in preparing a medicament for treating tongue squamous carcinoma.
Further, the activator comprises a GAGE2D gene, a GAGE2D protein, a promoting miRNA, a promoting transcriptional regulator, or a promoting targeted small molecule compound.
The activator can be used for supplementing the deletion or deficiency of endogenous GAGE2D protein and treating tongue squamous carcinoma caused by the lack of GAGE2D protein by improving the expression of GAGE2D protein. On the other hand, the protein can be used for enhancing the activity of GAGE2D protein, thereby treating tongue squamous carcinoma.
Other drugs that may be administered with the drug of the present invention are not limited as long as they do not impair the effect of the therapeutic or prophylactic drug of the present invention, and preferably, the drugs for treating or preventing tumors may include, for example, alkylating agents such as ifosfamide, cyclophosphamide, dacarbazine, temozolomide, nimustine, busulfan, procarbazine, melphalan, and ramustine, antimetabolites such as enocitabine, capecitabine, carmofur, cladribine, gemcitabine, cytarabine octadecyl phosphate (cytarabine ocsfate), tegafur-uracil, tegafur-oteracil potassium, floxuridine, hydroxyurea, fluorouracil, fludarabine, pemetrexed, pentixdine, mercaptopurine, and methotrexate, plant alkaloids such as irinotecan, zolpidoteracins, bortezomib, mitomycin, netorubicin, mitomycin, medroxyperazine, mitomycin, medroxyperazine, medetoriceptazocine, medetoposide, medroxyptericin, medroxyprinine, medroxyptericin, medroxyprogesterone, medetoriceptazocine, doxorubicin, mitomycin, doxorubicin, doxycycline, and another, medecin, and a, antibiotic, and a, as an, and an, as an, antibiotic, and an, antibiotic, as an, antibiotic, mitomycin, and an, as a, and an, as an, antibiotic, and an, antibiotic, and an drug.
The medicine of the present invention may be prepared into various preparation forms. Including, but not limited to, tablets, solutions, granules, patches, ointments, capsules, aerosols or suppositories for transdermal, mucosal, nasal, buccal, sublingual or oral use.
The route of administration of the drug of the present invention is not limited as long as it exerts the desired therapeutic or prophylactic effect, and includes, but is not limited to, intravenous, intraperitoneal, intraocular, intraarterial, intrapulmonary, oral, intravesicular, intramuscular, intratracheal, subcutaneous, transdermal, transpleural, topical, inhalation, transmucosal, dermal, gastrointestinal, intraarticular, intraventricular, rectal, vaginal, intracranial, intraurethral, intrahepatic, intratumoral. In some cases, the administration may be systemic. In some cases topical administration.
The dose of the drug of the present invention is not limited as long as the desired therapeutic effect or prophylactic effect is obtained, and can be appropriately determined depending on the symptoms, sex, age, and the like. The dose of the therapeutic agent or prophylactic agent of the present invention can be determined using, for example, the therapeutic effect or prophylactic effect on a disease as an index.
In the context of the present invention, "diagnosing squamous cell carcinoma" includes determining whether a subject has had squamous cell carcinoma, determining whether a subject is at risk for having squamous cell carcinoma, determining whether a patient having squamous cell carcinoma has relapsed and metastasized, determining responsiveness of a patient having squamous cell carcinoma to drug treatment, or determining a prognosis for a patient having squamous cell carcinoma.
As used herein, "treatment" encompasses treatment-related diseases or disease states in a mammal, such as a human, having the associated disease or disorder, and includes:
(1) preventing the occurrence of a disease or condition in a mammal, particularly when the mammal is susceptible to said disease condition but has not been diagnosed as having such a disease condition;
(2) inhibiting a disease or disease state, i.e., preventing its occurrence; or
(3) Alleviating the disease or condition, i.e., causing regression of the disease or condition.
The term "treatment" generally refers to the treatment of a human or animal (e.g., as applied by a veterinarian) wherein some desired therapeutic effect is achieved, e.g., inhibiting the progression of a condition (including slowing the progression, stopping the progression), ameliorating the condition, and curing the condition. Treatment as a prophylactic measure (e.g., prophylaxis) is also included. The use of a patient who has not yet developed a condition but who is at risk of developing the condition is also encompassed by the term "treatment".
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a molecular marker for diagnosing tongue squamous cell carcinoma, which can be used for judging at the early stage of tongue squamous cell carcinoma and provides the survival rate of patients.
The therapeutic agent of the present invention comprising an activator of GAGE2D gene or protein can be used as a novel therapeutic agent for tongue squamous carcinoma.