CN106905382A - A kind of device for extracting soil hydrophobic humic acid - Google Patents
A kind of device for extracting soil hydrophobic humic acid Download PDFInfo
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- CN106905382A CN106905382A CN201710069441.0A CN201710069441A CN106905382A CN 106905382 A CN106905382 A CN 106905382A CN 201710069441 A CN201710069441 A CN 201710069441A CN 106905382 A CN106905382 A CN 106905382A
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Abstract
The present invention is supplied to a kind of device for extracting soil hydrophobic humic acid, including reactor, pH adjustment units, filtration, purification unit, the first acidifying case, the first acid-base value adjustment unit, adsorption and enrichment unit, the second acidifying case, the second acid-base value adjustment unit, humic acid extraction unit and general control system；The device of the extraction soil hydrophobic humic acid that the present invention is provided, simple structure is easy to operate, and high degree of automation easily and effectively can separate hydrophobic humic acid with other impurity, obtains high concentration hydrophobicity dissolving humic acid solution.
Description
Technical field
Field, more particularly to a kind of device for extracting soil hydrophobic humic acid are extracted the present invention relates to humic acid.
Background technology
Humic acid is the organic mixture formed by complicated materialization and bioprocess by plant and animal residues, accounts for soil
The 60-80% of total organic matter.
Humic acid plays an important roll in agricultural and environment.At present from the point of view of research, humic acid can stimulate the growth of crop,
Improve soil pH environment, mitigate soil hardening.Humic acid is the carbon source of microorganism.Additionally, humic acid can with environment in it is poisonous
Heavy metal ion and organic pollution etc. interact, and change pollutant environmental behaviour.Particularly hydrophobicity humic acid with
The persistence organic pollutants such as PAHs control its transportion and transformation and biological effectiveness with reference to more stable.Due in soil
Content of humic acid is totally relatively low, and the soil humic acid extracting method that world humic acid association is recommended at present can only be extracted in soil
The mixture of hydrophobic humic acid and hydrophilic humic acid.Therefore, carrying out soil hydrophobic humic acid extracting method and device research has
Important meaning.
Chinese invention patent (201510586520.X：A kind of method that XAD resin extracts soil small molecular humic acid)
A kind of method that XAD resin extracts soil small molecular humic acid is disclosed, its extraction step is：
(a)：Soil treatment：
The debris such as tree root and stone in natural soil are rejected, after air-drying, sieving of milling obtains pedotheque standby；
Step b：Sodium pyrophosphate extracts soil humic acid：
Deionized water is added to the pedotheque in step a, solid-to-liquid ratio is reached 1:5~1:15, adjusted with HCl and NaOH
PH value of solution=1.0-3.0, are then added thereto to HCl solution to solid-to-liquid ratio 1：10,20-40h is stood after continuously stirring 4-8h,
It is centrifugally separating to obtain soil solids sample 1；
To deionized water is added in soil solids sample 1, solid-to-liquid ratio is set to reach 1:3~1:5, adjust molten with HCl and NaOH
Liquid pH=6-8, obtain solid-liquid mixed solution；Under nitrogen protective condition, to being added in solid-liquid mixed solution, sodium pyrophosphate solution is molten
Liquid, and diluted with deionized water, make sodium pyrophosphate concentration for 0.1-0.2mol/L, stood again after continuing 4-8h of agitating solution
20-40h, is centrifugally separating to obtain supernatant and soil solids sample 2；
Under nitrogen protective condition, to HCl is added in the supernatant, make pH value of solution=1.0-3.0, stir 15-30min
Afterwards, 20-40h is stood, humic acid sample 1 is centrifugally separating to obtain；
Step c:NaOH extracts soil humic acid：
To deionized water is added in the soil solids sample 2 of step b, solid-to-liquid ratio is set to reach 1:3~1:5, with HCl and NaOH
Its pH=6-8 is adjusted, solidliquid mixture is obtained；Under nitrogen protective condition, to adding NaOH solution in solidliquid mixture, and
Diluted with deionized water, make NaOH concentration in solution be 0.1-0.2mol/L, continue to stand again after 1-4h of agitating solution 20-
40h, is centrifugally separating to obtain supernatant and soil residue；
Under nitrogen protective condition, to dense HCl is added in the supernatant, make pH value of solution=1.0-3.0, stirring 15-
30min, stands 20-40h afterwards, is centrifugally separating to obtain humic acid sample 2；
Merge humic acid sample 1 and humic acid sample 2, labeled as slightly carrying humic acid sample；
Step d:Fulvic acid impurity in removal humic acid：
HCl solution is added in carrying humic acid sample to thick obtained by step c, makes its pH=1.0-3.0 and solid-to-liquid ratio 1:
5—1:10,4-8h is persistently stirred, and 20-40h is stood, centrifugation obtains humic acid sample and supernatant；
Humic acid sample is repeated according to the method in step d, until dissolving total in the supernatant after centrifugation
Organic carbon content<After 0.5mg/L, centrifugation gained solid is collected, and labeled as humic acid sample after purification；
Step e:Macromolecular humic acid is separated with small molecule humic acid：
Under nitrogen protective condition, the purifying humic acid sample that will be obtained in step d with NaOH dissolves, and adds deionized water
Make solution humic acid concentration=10-100g/L, pH==6-8 are adjusted with HCl and NaOH, obtain humic acid solution；
Humic acid solution is moved into 10000 dalton bag filters, and bag filter is placed in ultra-pure water, composition dialysis body
System, stirs 20-40h, and small molecule humic acid enters ultra-pure water by bag filter, forms small molecule humic acid solution；
Step f:Siliceous mineral matter in removal small molecule humic acid：
Being acidified small molecule humic acid solution with HCl makes its pH=1.0-3.0, adds HF, stirs 15-30min, stands
20—40h；
Step g:The enrichment of small molecule humic acid is extracted：
Step f small moleculars humic acid solution is adjusted into pH=1-3 with HCl and NaOH, with 10-15 times of column volumes/h speed
Degree passes through XAD -8 resin column；
Then with 0.5-1 times of column volume ultra-pure water with 10-15 times of speed of column volume/h, drip washing XAD-8 resin column,
Discard efflux；
Again with 1-2 times of column volume NaOH solutions and 2-3 times of column volume ultra-pure waters successively with 3-10 times of speed of column volume/h
Degree, drip washing XAD-8 resin column, efflux exchanges tree with 3-10 times of speed of column volume/h by the hydrogen ion of hydrogen ion saturation
Fat removes sodium ion, and the efflux freeze-drying for finally giving obtains soil small molecule humic acid constituents.
Soil humic acid extracting method disclosed in foregoing invention, mainly uses the characterization of adsorption of XAD-8 resins, by small point
Sub- humic acid is adsorbed onto on XAD-8 resins under the conditions of certain ph, then by parsing, ion exchange, freeze-drying, finally obtains
The humic acid of small molecule is obtained, the method depends on laboratory and substantial amounts of artificial operation, and process is complicated, automaticity is low, rotten
The extracted amount for growing acid is few, and method is also not suitable for extensive sample collection, and exploitativeness is not good.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, it is the invention provides a kind of device for extracting soil hydrophobic humic acid including anti-
Answer kettle, pH adjustment units, filtration, purification unit, the first acidifying case, the first acid-base value adjustment unit, adsorption and enrichment unit, second
Acidifying case, the second acid-base value adjustment unit, humic acid extraction unit and general control system；Characterized in that,
The entrance of the reactor is connected with the outlet of the pH adjustment units, the outlet of reactor and the filtration, purification
The entrance connection of unit, the outlet of the filtration, purification unit is connected with the entrance of the described first acidifying case, first acidifying
Outlet of the entrance of case also with the first acid-base value adjustment unit is connected；The outlet of the first acidifying case is rich with the absorption
Collect the entrance connection of unit, the outlet of the adsorption and enrichment unit is connected with the entrance of the described second acidifying case, the second acidifying case
Outlet of the entrance also with the second acid-base value adjustment unit be connected, the outlet of the second acidifying case also with the humic acid
The entrance connection of extraction unit；
The pH adjustment units, the first acid-base value adjustment unit, the second acid-base value adjustment unit with the master control system
System connection.
Preferably, the humic acid extraction unit includes the second elution device, the second filter and liquid memory；It is described
The outlet of the second elution device is connected with the entrance of second filter, and the entrance of second filter is also with described second
The outlet connection of case is acidified, the outlet of second filter is connected with the entrance of the liquid memory.
Pipeline between the second acidifying case and second filter stretches into the second acidifying case, described to stretch into the second acid
The duct height value for changing case is the 1/20-1/10 of the second acidifying case height, and it is externally provided with protective cover, is set on the protective cover
There is the hole that multiple apertures are 100 μm；
Preferably, second filter includes sample room, filter membrane and core, and the filter membrane is located in the sample room,
And supported by core, the aperture span of the filter membrane is 0.1-0.7 μm；
The bottom of the liquid memory is provided with liquid discharge valve.
Preferably, the pH adjustment units include the first metering dosing pump and the first chemicals dosing plant, the first metering dosing pump
Between first chemicals dosing plant and the reactor, the entrance of the first metering dosing pump is filled with first dosing
The outlet connection put, the outlet of the first metering dosing pump is connected with the entrance of the reactor.
Preferably, soil storage room is provided with the reactor, the soil storage room is supported and located at reaction by support
In kettle；The outer wall of the soil storage room is provided with hole of multiple apertures less than 1mm.
Pipeline between the first acidifying case and the adsorption and enrichment device is stretched into the first acidifying case, described to stretch
The duct height value for entering the first acidifying case is the 1/30-1/20 of the first acidifying case height, and it is externally provided with protective cover, institute
State protective cover and be provided with the hole that multiple apertures are 100 μm；
Preferably, the filtration, purification unit includes the first filter and vavuum pump, and the entrance of first filter leads to
Piping is connected with the outbound of the reactor, and the outlet of first filter is connected with the entrance of the described first acidifying case；
The vavuum pump is connected with the described first acidifying case.
Preferably, the pipeline between the reactor and first filter stretches into reactor, described to stretch into reactor
Duct height value be the 1/20-1/10 of reactor height, and it is externally provided with protective cover, and the protective cover is provided with multiple holes
Footpath is the hole of 1mm.
Preferably, the reactor uses alkali resistant materials, and it is provided with closure above, and lower end is funnel shaped, reactor
Inside it is additionally provided with agitator, liquid level sensor and pH sensors；The end face of the closure is provided with least 5 through holes.
Preferably, the pipeline between first filter and the first acidifying case is stretched into the first acidifying case, described
The pipeline for stretching into the first acidifying case is acidified in case on liquid level positioned at described first；The air entry of the vavuum pump is located at described the
In one acidifying case on liquid level.
Preferably, the first acid-base value adjustment unit includes pH sensors, agitator, the first acid solution chemical tank, second
Acid solution chemical tank and the second metering dosing pump；The pH sensors and agitator are in the described first acidifying case；Described first
Acid solution chemical tank and the second acid solution chemical tank are arranged in juxtaposition；It is described second metering dosing pump entrance respectively with the first acid solution medicament
The outlet of case, the outlet of the second acid solution chemical tank connection, second measures the outlet of dosing pump and the entrance of the described first acidifying case
Connection.
Preferably, the adsorption and enrichment unit includes adsorption and enrichment device, the first elution device and the second chemicals dosing plant, institute
The entrance for stating adsorption and enrichment device is connected with the outlet of first filter, the outlet of adsorption and enrichment device and described second acid
Change the entrance connection of case；The outlet of first elution device, the outlet of the second chemicals dosing plant are filled with the adsorption and enrichment respectively
The entrance connection put；The bottom of the adsorption and enrichment device is provided with waste liquid dump valve.
Preferably, the adsorption and enrichment device includes adsorption column and filler, and described filler is described in the adsorption column
Filler is one or more of XAD-8 resins, DAX-8 resins, XAD-7 resins and XAD-4.
Preferably, the second acid-base value adjustment unit includes pH sensors, agitator, the 3rd acid solution chemical tank, the 4th acid solution
Chemical tank and the 3rd metering dosing pump；The pH sensors and agitator are in the described second acidifying case；3rd acid solution
Chemical tank and the 4th acid solution chemical tank are arranged in juxtaposition；It is described 3rd metering dosing pump entrance respectively with the 3rd acid solution chemical tank
Outlet, the outlet of the 4th acid solution chemical tank connection, the outlet of the 3rd metering dosing pump are connected with the entrance of the described second acidifying case.
Preferably, the general control system include control unit and touch screen device, described control unit with the reactor
Interior pH sensors, agitator, liquid level sensor, the first metering dosing pump, the second metering dosing pump, the 3rd metering dosing pump,
PH sensors, agitator control connection in vavuum pump, the first acidifying case and the second acidifying case；The pH sensors are provided with lifting
Platform.
The method that the extraction of soil hydrophobic humic acid is carried out using the device for extracting soil hydrophobic humic acid, it includes following step
Suddenly：
(1) soil is added in soil storage room, and to injecting pure water in reactor；
(2) pH adjustment units are started, the first metering dosing pump receives pH sensor signals in being located at reactor and starts alkali lye
Addition program, the first chemicals dosing plant passes through the pipeline of resistance to highly basic to alkali lye is injected in reactor, while starting the stirring in reactor
Motor, makes alkali lye dispersed, and until reaching default pH value, the first metering dosing pump is stopped；
(3) outlet valve of reactor is opened, while starting vavuum pump, is pressed by vavuum pump, the solution in reactor
First being flowed into through the first filter and being acidified case, the insoluble impurity of alkali is removed by membrane retention, the liquid gone after the removal of impurity is by filter
Film flows into first and is acidified case；
(4) starting the first acid-base value adjustment unit carries out the first regulation of acid-base value, and the second metering dosing pump is received and is located at
PH sensor signals in acidifying case start acid solution and add program, and the second metering dosing pump is by first passage from the first acid solution medicine
Agent case extracts acid solution by the first acid-resistant pipeline to non-oxidizable acid solution is injected in acidifying case, while stirring horse in starting acidifying case
Reach so that acid solution is dispersed, until default pH value is reached, the second metering dosing pump first passage acid liquid program stopped work
Make, sensor lifting platform rises pH sensor probes；
Second metering dosing pump extracts hydrofluoric acid and passes through the second acid-resistant pipeline by second channel from the second acid solution chemical tank
In injection acidifying case, until reaching default hydrofluoric acid concentration, the second metering dosing pump is stopped；
(5) after completing first pH value regulation, the first outlet valve for being acidified case is opened, liquid passes through in the first acidifying case
Pipeline flows into adsorption and enrichment device, after the completion of absorption, opens the switch between the first elution device and adsorption and enrichment device, first
Pure water in elution device opens the waste liquid dump valve of adsorption and enrichment bottom of device by pipe flushing adsorption and enrichment device,
Flushing waste is discharged by pipeline, completes the flushing of adsorption and enrichment device, and closes waste liquid dump valve；
After completing the flushing of adsorption and enrichment device, the outlet valve of elution device is closed, open the outlet of the second chemicals dosing plant
Valve, by alkaline-resisting pipeline to alkali lye is injected in adsorption and enrichment device, natural by resin adsorption is dissolved with the second chemicals dosing plant
Machine matter is desorbed in the presence of alkali lye, and the liquid after desorption flows into second and is acidified case through pipeline；
(6) starting the second acid-base value adjustment unit carries out the regulation again of acid-base value, and the 3rd metering dosing pump is received and is located at
PH sensor signals in second acidifying case start acid solution and add program, and the 3rd metering dosing pump is by third channel from the 3rd acid
Liquid chemical tank extracts acid solution by the 3rd acid-resistant pipeline to non-oxidizable acid solution is injected in acidifying case, while being stirred in starting acidifying case
Mix motor so that acid solution is dispersed, until reaching default pH value, the 3rd metering dosing pump third channel acid liquid program is stopped
Only work, sensor lifting platform rises pH sensor probes；
3rd metering dosing pump extracts hydrofluoric acid and passes through the 4th acid-resistant pipeline by fourth lane from the 4th acid solution chemical tank
In injection acidifying case, until reaching default hydrofluoric acid concentration, the 3rd metering dosing pump is stopped；
(7) after completing secondary acid-base value regulation, the second outlet valve for being acidified case is opened, while starting vavuum pump, is passed through
Vavuum pump is pressed, and by the membrane filtration in the second filter, hydrophobic humic acid is cut the organic matter solution in the second acidifying case
Stay in above filter membrane, impurity is flowed into liquid memory；
(8) after organic matter completes filtering, the second outlet valve for being acidified case is closed, opens the outlet valve of the second elution device
Door, under vavuum pump pressure, the pure water in the second elution device flows into the second filter by pipeline, is carried out to slightly carrying humic acid
Rinse, flushing liquor is flowed directly into liquid memory, and the liquid in liquid memory is directly emitted by dump valve, stays in filter
The soil hydrophobic humic acid that organic matter on film is extracted for needed for.
Preferably, the alkali lye in first chemicals dosing plant is saturation or nearly saturation strong base solution, the pipeline of resistance to highly basic
It is required that saturation highly basic can be born；The pH preset values of liquid are 10-14 in the reactor；Alkali lye in second chemicals dosing plant
It is the strong base solution of 0.1mol/L, the alkaline-resisting requirements for pipes can bear the highly basic of 0.5mol/L.
Preferably, first acid-resistant pipeline, the 3rd acid-resistant pipeline require that the non-oxidizable strong acid of 10mol/L can be born；
Second acid-resistant pipeline, the requirement of the 4th acid-resistant pipeline can bear the hydrofluoric acid of 6mol/L；The first acidifying case, the second acidifying
The pH preset values of case are 0.5-1.5, and the preset concentration of hydrofluoric acid is 0.01-1mol/L.
Preferably, general control system uses low-voltage distribution, and the voltage class of power supplying and distributing equipment is 220VAC, and sets low pressure and match somebody with somebody
Electric cabinet, powers to process system power-equipment；Power switch in control system is protected with electrical control cubicles gate interlock, can be reached anti-
Dirt, rapid heat dissipation and the effect being easily installed.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect comprise that：
(1) device of the extraction soil hydrophobic humic acid that the present invention is provided, simple structure is easy to operate, automaticity
Height, easily and effectively can separate the impurity such as hydrophobic humic acid and hydrophilic humic acid, fulvic acid, extract substantial amounts of hydrophobicity molten
Solution humic acid, preferably utilizes extracted humic acid；
(2) reactor, the first acidifying case, the second acidifying bottom portion are funnel shaped, stretch into the height of reactor pipeline
Value is the 1/20-1/10 of the height of reactor, and it is first to stretch into the first acidifying case, the height value of the pipeline of the second acidifying case
The 1/30-1/20 of case height is acidified, reactor, the first acidifying case, the pipeline of the second acidifying case is stretched into and is externally provided with filter mantle, both may be used
To ensure to collect humic acid to greatest extent, unit efficiency is improve, can effectively prevent impurity particle from being mixed into sample again,
Ensure that the purity of extract solution；
(3) pH value regulation, the first acid-base value adjustment unit, the second acid-base value adjustment unit are full automatic, are saved
Labour, the accuracy rate of the pH value of regulation is higher；First acid solution chemical tank and the second acid solution chemical tank share a metering and add
Teat pipette, the 3rd acid solution chemical tank and the 4th acid solution chemical tank share a metering dosing pump, are adjusted by further optimization pH value
Unit, the first acid-base value adjustment unit and the second acid-base value adjustment unit can share a metering dosing pump for multichannel, enter one
Step reduces production cost；First acidifying case, the second acidifying case, liquid memory share a vavuum pump, reduce production cost；
It is such as not high to hydrophobic humic acid purity requirement, it is further cost-effective to be not provided with the first elution device and the 4th acid solution medicament
Case.
(4) reactor has reserved inert gas entrance and outlet, aborning by being passed through the indifferent gas such as nitrogen, helium
Body, can effectively suppress soil humic acid full constituent oxidation under strong alkaline condition.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of process chart of the device of extraction soil hydrophobic humic acid that the present invention is provided.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, specific embodiment of the invention is described in detail.
Shown in ginseng Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of process chart of the device of extraction soil hydrophobic humic acid that the present invention is provided.
The device of the extraction soil hydrophobic humic acid that the present invention is provided, including reactor 1, pH adjustment units, filtration, purification unit, first
Acidifying case 8, the first acid-base value adjustment unit, adsorption and enrichment unit, the second acidifying case 22, the second acid-base value adjustment unit, humic
Sour extraction unit and general control system 6；Wherein, soil storage room 2, support 3, agitator, liquid level sensor are provided with reactor 1
With pH sensors, soil storage room 2 supports and in reactor 1 by support 3, and the outer wall of soil storage room 2 is provided with multiple holes
Hole of the footpath less than 1mm；PH adjustment units include the first metering chemicals dosing plant 5 of dosing pump 4 and first；Filtration, purification unit includes the
One filter 7 and vavuum pump 12, wherein including sample room 71, filter membrane 72 and core 73 in the first filter 7, filter membrane 72 is located at sample
In product room 71, and supported by core 73；First acid-base value adjustment unit includes the second metering dosing pump 9, the first acid solution chemical tank
10 and the second acid solution chemical tank 11；Adsorption and enrichment unit includes the first elution device 16, the second chemicals dosing plant 17 and adsorption and enrichment
Device 18；Second acid-base value adjustment unit includes the 3rd metering dosing pump 19, the 3rd acid solution chemical tank 20 and the 4th acid solution medicament
Case 21；Humic acid extraction unit includes the second elution device 13, vavuum pump 12, the second filter 14 and liquid memory 15, its
In, the second filter 14 includes sample room 141, filter membrane 142 and core 143, and filter membrane 142 is located in sample room 141, and by core
143 supports；Mainly using automatically controlling, collection control operation unification in switch board therein is carried out general control system 6, can be made whole
System is realized automatically controlling and operated and manually operated.
Wherein, the first chemicals dosing plant 5 is connected by the first metering dosing pump 4 with reactor 1, the first metering dosing pump 4
Entrance is connected with the first chemicals dosing plant 5, and its outlet is connected with reactor 1；The outlet of reactor 1 and the entrance of the first filter 7
Connection, the connecting pipe between the filter 7 of reactor 1 and first is stretched into reactor 1, stretches into the height value of reactor pipeline
It is the 1/20-1/10 of the height of reactor 1, and it is externally provided with protective cover, the protective cover is provided with the hole that multiple apertures are 1mm；
The outlet of the first filter 7 is connected with the first acidifying case 8, and the air entry of vavuum pump 12 is placed in liquid in the cavity of the first acidifying case 8
On face；First acid solution chemical tank 10 and the second acid solution chemical tank 11 are arranged in juxtaposition, and the second metering dosing pump 9 is located at the first acid solution
Between the acid solution chemical tank 11 of chemical tank 10 and second, the outlet of the entrance and the first acid solution chemical tank 10 of the second metering dosing pump 9,
The outlet connection of the second acid solution chemical tank 11, the outlet of the second metering dosing pump 9 is connected with the first acidifying case 8, the first acidifying case 8
Outlet be connected with the entrance of adsorption and enrichment device 18；Pipeline between first acidifying case 8 and adsorption and enrichment device 18 stretches into the
One acidifying case 8 in, it is described stretch into the first acidifying case 8 duct height value be the height of the first acidifying case 8 1/30-1/20, and
It is externally provided with protective cover, and the protective cover is provided with the hole that multiple apertures are 100 μm；The entrance of adsorption and enrichment device 18 is also with
The outlet of one elution device 16, the outlet of the second chemicals dosing plant 17 connection, the outlet of adsorption and enrichment device 18 and the second acidifying case
22 entrance connection, the air entry of vavuum pump 12 is placed in the cavity of the second acidifying case 22；
3rd acid solution chemical tank 20 and the 4th acid solution chemical tank 21 are arranged in juxtaposition, and the 3rd metering dosing pump 19 is located at the 3rd acid
Between the acid solution chemical tank 21 of liquid chemical tank 20 and the 4th, the 3rd the metering entrance of dosing pump 19 and going out for the 3rd acid solution chemical tank 20
The outlet connection of mouth, the 4th acid solution chemical tank 21, the outlet of the 3rd metering dosing pump 19 is connected with the entrance of the second acidifying case 22；
The outlet of the second acidifying case 22 is connected with the entrance of the second filter 14, the entrance of the second filter 14 also with the second elution device
13 outlet connection, the outlet of the second filter 14 is connected with the entrance of liquid memory 15, and the air entry of vavuum pump 12 is placed in
In the cavity of liquid memory 15 on liquid level, the bottom of liquid memory is provided with waste liquid dump valve.
Pipeline between the second acidifying filter 14 of case 22 and second is stretched into the second acidifying case 22, described to stretch into the second acid
The duct height value for changing case 22 is the 1/20-1/10 of the height of the second acidifying case 22, and it is externally provided with protective cover, the protective cover
It is provided with the hole that multiple apertures are 100 μm；General control system 6 includes control unit and touch screen device, and control unit connects with touch screen device
Connect, control unit measures dosing pump 9, vacuum with agitator, liquid level sensor, pH sensors, the first metering dosing pump 4, second
Pump 12 is connected.
General control system uses low-voltage distribution, and the voltage class of power supplying and distributing equipment is 220VAC, and sets low-voltage distribution cabinet, to
Process system power-equipment is powered.In addition, the switch board of independent operation is equipped with control system, and electric switch and electric unit
Part is all concentrated in switch board, power switch and electrical control cubicles gate interlock are protected, and can be reached dust-proof, rapid heat dissipation and is easily installed
Effect.
General supply and start button are first turned on, makes whole system in running order, to adding one in soil storage room 2
Pedotheque after quantitative grinding, and close soil storage room 2；Start water filling program, to pure water is added in reactor 1, react
Liquid level sensor in kettle 1 is detected to the water level in reactor 1, when water level reaches the 4/5 of reactor cumulative volume, liquid level
Sensor sends liquid level signal to general control system, stops the injecting process.
To inert gas is passed through in reactor 1, under the protection of inert gas, start pH adjustment units, the first metering adds
The pH sensor signals that Teat pipette 4 is received in reactor 1 start alkali lye and add program, and the first chemicals dosing plant 5 passes through resistance to highly basic
Pipeline in reactor 1 to injecting alkali lye, while starting the stirring motor in reactor 1 so that alkali lye is dispersed, until reaching
Default pH value, the first metering dosing pump 4 is stopped.
Lasting stirring, the hole that the pedotheque leaching liquid in soil storage room 2 is stored on chamber outer wall by soil flows into anti-
In answering kettle 1.The outer wall of soil storage room 2 is provided with hole of multiple apertures less than 1mm, can effectively prevent the impurity in soil from entering
Enter in the liquid of reactor 1；Wherein reactor 1 uses alkali resistant materials, and it is provided with closure above, and lower end is funnel shaped,
Agitator, liquid level sensor and pH sensors are provided with it, the end face of the closure is provided with least 5 through holes.
The outlet valve of reactor 1 is opened, while starting vavuum pump 12, is pressed by vavuum pump 12, it is molten in reactor 1
Liquid flows into first and is acidified case 8 through the first filter 7, and the insoluble impurity of alkali is removed by membrane retention, and the liquid gone after the removal of impurity leads to
Filter membrane flows into first and is acidified case 8；
Starting the first acid-base value adjustment unit carries out the first regulation of acid-base value, and the second metering dosing 9 pump is received and is located at the
PH sensor signals in one acidifying case 8 start acid solution and add program, and the second metering dosing 9 pump is by first passage from the first acid
Liquid chemical tank 10 extracts acid solution by the first acid-resistant pipeline to non-oxidizable acid solution is injected in acidifying case, while in starting acidifying case
Stirring motor so that acid solution is dispersed, until default pH value is reached, the second metering first passage acid liquid journey of dosing pump 9
Sequence is stopped, and sensor lifting platform rises pH sensor probes；
Second metering dosing pump 9 extracts hydrofluoric acid and passes through the second acid-proof pipe by second channel from the second acid solution chemical tank 11
In road injection acidifying case, until reaching default hydrofluoric acid concentration, the second metering dosing pump 9 is stopped；
After completing first pH value regulation, the first outlet valve for being acidified case 8 is opened, liquid passes through in the first acidifying case 8
Pipeline flows into adsorption and enrichment device 18, after the completion of absorption, opens opening between the first elution device 16 and adsorption and enrichment device 18
Close, the pure water in the first elution device 16 opens the bottom of adsorption and enrichment device 18 by pipe flushing adsorption and enrichment device 18
Waste liquid dump valve, flushing waste discharged by pipeline, completes the flushing of adsorption and enrichment device 18, and close waste liquid dump valve；
After completing the flushing of adsorption and enrichment device 18, the outlet valve of the first elution device 16 is closed, open the second dosing dress
17 outlet valve is put, the second chemicals dosing plant 17, to alkali lye is injected in adsorption and enrichment device 18, is inhaled by alkaline-resisting pipeline by resin
Attached natural DOM is desorbed in the presence of alkali lye, and under inert gas shielding, the liquid after desorption is through pipeline
Flow into second and be acidified case 22；
Starting the second acid-base value adjustment unit carries out the regulation again of acid-base value, and the 3rd metering dosing pump 19 is received and is located at the
PH sensor signals in diacid case start acid solution and add program, and the 3rd metering dosing pump 19 is by third channel from the 3rd acid
Liquid chemical tank 20 extracts acid solution by the 3rd acid-resistant pipeline to non-oxidizable acid solution is injected in acidifying case, while in starting acidifying case
Stirring motor so that acid solution is dispersed, until default pH value is reached, the 3rd metering third channel acid liquid journey of dosing pump 19
Sequence is stopped, and sensor lifting platform rises pH sensor probes；
It is acidproof by the 4th that 3rd metering dosing pump 19 extracts hydrofluoric acid by fourth lane from the 4th acid solution chemical tank 21
In pipeline injection acidifying case, until reaching default hydrofluoric acid concentration, the 3rd metering dosing pump 19 is stopped；
After completing secondary acid-base value regulation, the second outlet valve for being acidified case 22 is opened, while starting vavuum pump 12, passed through
Vavuum pump 12 presses, and the organic matter solution in the second acidifying case 22 is by the membrane filtration in the second filter, hydrophobic humic acid
It is trapped within above filter membrane, impurity is flowed into liquid memory；
After organic matter completes filtering, the second outlet valve for being acidified case 22 is closed, open the outlet of the second elution device 13
Valve, the pure water in the second elution device 13 flows into the second filter 14 by pipeline, is rinsed to slightly carrying humic acid, rinses
Liquid is flowed directly into liquid memory 15, and the liquid in liquid memory 15 is directly emitted by dump valve, stays in filter membrane 142
On the soil hydrophobic humic acid that is extracted for needed for of organic matter.
The process of the pH value regulation in pH value adjustment unit, the first acid-base value adjustment unit, the second acid-base value adjustment unit
Full automatic process is, labour is saved, production cost is reduced, and the accuracy of the pH value modulated is higher, matches somebody with somebody
The process efficiency of system is also higher.During pH regulations, turn on agitator motor is acidified agitator stirred autoclave 1, first
Liquid in the acidifying case 22 of case 8, second, can avoid local pH value higher or relatively low.Such as to the purity requirement of hydrophobic humic acid not
Height, is further cost-effective to be not provided with the first elution device 16 and the 4th acid solution chemical tank.
The filter membrane used in first filter is disposable filter membrane, and filter membrane needs to be resistant to 1mol/L highly basic, filter membrane
Store on request and use, but the siliceous filter membrane such as unusable glass fiber filter；The filter membrane used in second filter
It is disposable filter membrane, filter membrane is needed to be resistant to 0.5mol/L strong acid, and filter membrane is stored and used on request, but unusable glass fibers
The siliceous filter membranes such as dimension filter membrane.
A series of detailed description illustrating only for feasibility implementation method of the invention mentioned above,
They are not to limit the scope of the invention, in the ken that the technical field those of ordinary skill possesses
Interior, the various change made on the premise of present inventive concept is not departed from belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device for extracting soil hydrophobic humic acid, including reactor, pH adjustment units, filtration, purification unit, the first acid
Change case, the first acid-base value adjustment unit, adsorption and enrichment unit, the second acidifying case, the second acid-base value adjustment unit, humic acid to extract
Unit and general control system；Characterized in that,
The entrance of the reactor is connected with the outlet of the pH adjustment units, the outlet of reactor and the filtration, purification unit
Entrance connection, the outlet of the filtration, purification unit be connected with the entrance of the described first acidifying case, and described first is acidified case
Outlet of the entrance also with the first acid-base value adjustment unit is connected；The outlet of the first acidifying case and the adsorption and enrichment list
The entrance connection of unit, the outlet of the adsorption and enrichment unit is connected with the entrance of the described second acidifying case, and second is acidified entering for case
Outlet of the mouth also with the second acid-base value adjustment unit is connected, and the outlet of the second acidifying case is also extracted with the humic acid
The entrance connection of unit；
The pH adjustment units, the first acid-base value adjustment unit, the second acid-base value adjustment unit connect with the general control system
Connect.
2. the device of soil hydrophobic humic acid is extracted as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the humic acid extraction unit
Including the second elution device, the second filter and liquid memory；The outlet of second elution device and the described second filtering
The entrance connection of device, the outlet that the entrance of second filter is also acidified case with described second is connected, second filter
Outlet be connected with the entrance of the liquid memory；
Pipeline between the second acidifying case and second filter is stretched into the second acidifying case, described to stretch into second
The duct height value for being acidified case is the 1/30-1/20 of the second acidifying case height, and it is externally provided with protective cover, on the protective cover
It is provided with the hole that multiple apertures are 100 μm；
Second filter includes sample room, filter membrane and core, and the filter membrane is located in the sample room, and by core branch
Support, the aperture span of the filter membrane is 0.1-0.7 μm；
The bottom of the liquid memory is provided with liquid discharge valve.
3. the device of soil hydrophobic humic acid is extracted as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the pH adjustment units include
First metering dosing pump and the first chemicals dosing plant, first metering dosing pump located at first chemicals dosing plant and the reactor it
Between, the entrance of the first metering dosing pump is connected with the outlet of first chemicals dosing plant, the first metering dosing pump
Outlet is connected with the entrance of the reactor；
Pipeline between the first acidifying case and the adsorption and enrichment device is stretched into the first acidifying case, described to stretch into the
The duct height value of one acidifying case is the 1/30-1/20 of the first acidifying case height, and it is externally provided with protective cover, the guarantor
Shield is provided with the hole that multiple apertures are 100 μm；
Soil storage room is provided with the reactor, the soil storage room is supported and in reactor by support；The soil
The outer wall of earth storage room is provided with hole of multiple apertures less than 1mm.
4. the device of soil hydrophobic humic acid is extracted as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the filtration, purification unit bag
The first filter and vavuum pump are included, the entrance of first filter is connected by pipeline with the outbound of the reactor, described
The outlet of the first filter is connected with the entrance of the described first acidifying case；The vavuum pump is connected with the described first acidifying case；
Pipeline between the reactor and first filter stretches into reactor, and the duct height for stretching into reactor takes
It is the 1/20-1/10 of reactor height to be worth, and it is externally provided with protective cover, and the protective cover is provided with the hole that multiple apertures are 1mm；
The reactor uses alkali resistant materials, and it is provided with closure above, and lower end is funnel shaped, and stirring is additionally provided with reactor
Device, liquid level sensor and pH sensors；The end face of the closure is provided with least 5 through holes；
Pipeline between first filter and the first acidifying case is stretched into the first acidifying case, described to stretch into the first acidifying
The pipeline of case is on liquid level in the described first acidifying case；The air entry of the vavuum pump is located at liquid in the described first acidifying case
On face.
5. the device of soil hydrophobic humic acid is extracted as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the first acid-base value regulation
Unit includes pH sensors, agitator, the first acid solution chemical tank, the second acid solution chemical tank and the second metering dosing pump；The pH
Sensor and agitator are in the described first acidifying case；The first acid solution chemical tank and the second acid solution chemical tank cloth arranged side by side
Put；The entrance of the second metering dosing pump outlet, the outlet company of the second acid solution chemical tank respectively with the first acid solution chemical tank
Connect, the outlet of the second metering dosing pump is connected with the entrance of the described first acidifying case.
6. the device of soil hydrophobic humic acid is extracted as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the adsorption and enrichment unit bag
Include adsorption and enrichment device, the first elution device and the second chemicals dosing plant, the entrance of the adsorption and enrichment device and first mistake
The outlet connection of filter, the outlet of adsorption and enrichment device is connected with the entrance of the described second acidifying case；First elution device
Outlet, the entrance of the outlet respectively with the adsorption and enrichment device of the second chemicals dosing plant be connected；The adsorption and enrichment device
Bottom is provided with waste liquid dump valve.
7. the device of soil hydrophobic humic acid is extracted as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the second acid-base value adjustment unit
Including pH sensors, agitator, the 3rd acid solution chemical tank, the 4th acid solution chemical tank and the 3rd metering dosing pump；The pH sensings
Device and agitator are in the described second acidifying case；The 3rd acid solution chemical tank and the 4th acid solution chemical tank are arranged in juxtaposition；Institute
The entrance outlet respectively with the 3rd acid solution chemical tank of the 3rd metering dosing pump, the outlet of the 4th acid solution chemical tank is stated to be connected, the
The outlet of three metering dosing pumps is connected with the entrance of the described second acidifying case.
8. the device of soil hydrophobic humic acid is extracted as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the general control system includes
Control unit and touch screen device, described control unit with the reactor in pH sensors, agitator, liquid level sensor,
In one metering dosing pump, the second metering dosing pump, the 3rd metering dosing pump, vavuum pump, the first acidifying case and the second acidifying case
PH sensors, agitator control connection；The pH sensors are provided with lifting platform.
9. soil hydrophobic humic acid is carried out using the device of any described extraction soil hydrophobic humic acid of claim 1-8 to extract
Method, it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps：
(1) soil is added in soil storage room, and to injecting pure water in reactor；
(2) pH adjustment units are started, the first metering dosing pump receives pH sensor signals startup alkali lye in being located at reactor and adds
Program, the first chemicals dosing plant by the pipeline of resistance to highly basic to injecting alkali lye in reactor, while start the stirring motor in reactor,
Make alkali lye dispersed, until reaching default pH value, the first metering dosing pump is stopped；
(3) outlet valve of reactor is opened, while starting vavuum pump, is pressed by vavuum pump, solution in reactor is through the
One filter flows into first and is acidified case, and the insoluble impurity of alkali is removed by membrane retention, and the liquid gone after the removal of impurity passes through filter membrane stream
Enter the first acidifying case；
(4) starting the first acid-base value adjustment unit carries out the first regulation of acid-base value, and the second metering dosing pump is received and is located at acidifying
PH sensor signals in case start acid solution and add program, and the second metering dosing pump is by first passage from the first acid solution chemical tank
Extract acid solution by the first acid-resistant pipeline to acidifying case in inject non-oxidizable acid solution, while start acidifying case in stirring motor,
So that acid solution is dispersed, until default pH value is reached, the second metering dosing pump first passage acid liquid program stopped work,
Sensor lifting platform rises pH sensor probes；
Second metering dosing pump is extracted hydrofluoric acid and is injected by the second acid-resistant pipeline by second channel from the second acid solution chemical tank
In acidifying case, until reaching default hydrofluoric acid concentration, the second metering dosing pump is stopped；
(5) after completing first pH value regulation, the first outlet valve for being acidified case is opened, liquid passes through pipeline in the first acidifying case
Adsorption and enrichment device is flowed into, after the completion of absorption, the switch between the first elution device and adsorption and enrichment device, the first drip washing is opened
Pure water in device opens the waste liquid dump valve of adsorption and enrichment bottom of device by pipe flushing adsorption and enrichment device, rinses
Waste liquid is discharged by pipeline, completes the flushing of adsorption and enrichment device, and closes waste liquid dump valve；
After completing the flushing of adsorption and enrichment device, the outlet valve of elution device is closed, opens the outlet valve of the second chemicals dosing plant,
Second chemicals dosing plant by alkaline-resisting pipeline to injecting alkali lye in adsorption and enrichment device, by the organic matter of resin adsorption alkali lye work
Desorbed with lower, the liquid after desorption flows into second and is acidified case through pipeline；
(6) starting the second acid-base value adjustment unit carries out the regulation again of acid-base value, and the 3rd metering dosing pump is received and is located at second
PH sensor signals in acidifying case start acid solution and add program, and the 3rd metering dosing pump is by third channel from the 3rd acid solution medicine
Agent case extracts acid solution by the 3rd acid-resistant pipeline to non-oxidizable acid solution is injected in acidifying case, while stirring horse in starting acidifying case
Reach so that acid solution is dispersed, until default pH value is reached, the 3rd metering dosing pump third channel acid liquid program stopped work
Make, sensor lifting platform rises pH sensor probes；
3rd metering dosing pump is extracted hydrofluoric acid and is injected by the 4th acid-resistant pipeline by fourth lane from the 4th acid solution chemical tank
In acidifying case, until reaching default hydrofluoric acid concentration, the 3rd metering dosing pump is stopped；
(7) after completing secondary acid-base value regulation, the second outlet valve for being acidified case is opened, while start vavuum pump, by vacuum
Pump presses, and by the membrane filtration in the second filter, hydrophobic humic acid is trapped within the organic matter solution in the second acidifying case
Above filter membrane, impurity is flowed into liquid memory；
(8) after organic matter completes filtering, the second outlet valve for being acidified case is closed, opens the outlet valve of the second elution device,
Pure water in second elution device flows into the second filter by pipeline, is rinsed to slightly carrying humic acid, and flushing liquor directly flows
Enter in liquid memory, the liquid in liquid memory is directly emitted by dump valve, the organic matter stayed on filter membrane is institute
The soil hydrophobic humic acid that need to be extracted.
10. soil humic acid full constituent extracting method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that first chemicals dosing plant
In alkali lye be saturation or nearly saturation strong base solution, the resistance to highly basic requirements for pipes can bear saturation highly basic；In the reactor
The pH preset values of liquid are 10-14；Alkali lye in second chemicals dosing plant is the strong base solution of 0.1mol/L, the alkaline-resisting pipe
Road requirement can bear the highly basic of 0.5mol/L；
First acid-resistant pipeline, the requirement of the 3rd acid-resistant pipeline can bear the non-oxidizable strong acid of 10mol/L；Described second is acidproof
Pipeline, the requirement of the 4th acid-resistant pipeline can bear the hydrofluoric acid of 6mol/L；The first acidifying case, the pH preset values of the second acidifying case
It is 0.5-1.5, the preset concentration of hydrofluoric acid is 0.01-1mol/L.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710069441.0A CN106905382B (en) | 2017-02-08 | 2017-02-08 | A kind of device of extraction soil hydrophobic humic acid |
| PCT/CN2017/101707 WO2018145458A1 (en) | 2017-02-08 | 2017-09-14 | Equipment for use in extracting humic acid from soil and manufacturing method for equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710069441.0A CN106905382B (en) | 2017-02-08 | 2017-02-08 | A kind of device of extraction soil hydrophobic humic acid |
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| CN106905382B CN106905382B (en) | 2018-10-09 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2018145458A1 (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2018-08-16 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Equipment for use in extracting humic acid from soil and manufacturing method for equipment |
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