CN106904668B - A kind of preparation method of cell positive material tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of cell positive material tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 Download PDF

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CN106904668B
CN106904668B CN201710260157.1A CN201710260157A CN106904668B CN 106904668 B CN106904668 B CN 106904668B CN 201710260157 A CN201710260157 A CN 201710260157A CN 106904668 B CN106904668 B CN 106904668B
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左明鑫
李�杰
刘林阴
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Zhengzhou University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of cell positive material tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4, methods described first passes through microwave heating method and nickle cobalt lithium manganate crystal seed is prepared, and nano level nickle cobalt lithium manganate then is prepared with hydro-thermal method again;This method utilizes the quick heating effect of microwave, obtained crystal seed fine uniform, crystal growth basic point as follow-up hydrothermal step, help to obtain that particle diameter is small and the product of size uniform, and in water-heat process, from L arginine or L lysines as precipitating reagent and soft template, the nanoscale nickle cobalt lithium manganate with tetrakaidecahedron structure is obtained.The tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 that the present invention obtains the influence spread due to its special pattern to ion and the influence to particle packing, is improved power density and battery specific capacity, had broad application prospects as anode material for lithium-ion batteries.

Description

A kind of preparation method of cell positive material tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of the nickle cobalt lithium manganate as cell positive material, more particularly to a kind of electricity The preparation method of the nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 of pond positive electrode tetrakaidecahedron shape.
Background technology
In recent years, various electronic equipment rapid developments, the requirement more and more higher for battery, and lithium ion battery is considered Best novel energy, it is small to notebook, mobile phone greatly to electric automobile, all it be unable to do without lithium battery.
LiMn2O4 (LiMn2O4) due to have the characteristics that high voltage, cheap, aboundresources, with it is environment-friendly, turn into One of most promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries, obtain extensive research and application.But LiMn2O4 is in cyclic process Capacity has larger decay, seriously hinders its commercialized application.It has been investigated that influence the capacity attenuation of LiMn2O4 because Element essentially consists in:(1) purity of phase structure and stability, microscopic appearance it is irregular;(2) material produces in deep discharge Jahn-Teller effects;(3) disproportionated reaction easily occurs in discharge and recharge for LiMn2O4, produces Manganic ion and is dissolved into electrolysis Liquid is medium.
Compared to LiFePO4、LiCoO2Deng positive electrode, LiMn2O4 because abundant raw materials, price advantage are obvious, and Its preparation technology is relatively easy, and security performance is high.Therefore, as long as the research to the material at present concentrates on the side such as doping vario-property Face, to improve its cycle performance.Wherein, it is metal-doped with stable spinel structure, raising cycle performance with Fe, Co, Ni, Zn etc. It is more effective method.The especially LiMn2O4 of codope, its performance is more excellent, has obtained extensive concern and research.
At present, synthesizing the method for nickle cobalt lithium manganate mainly has high temperature solid-state method, coprecipitation, sol-gal process etc., spraying Seasoning etc..Wherein, the nickle cobalt lithium manganate chemical property index being prepared using coprecipitation is preferable, but is preparing The uniform mixing of molecular level is difficult in journey, has influence on its chemical property to a certain extent.
As cell positive material, the chemical property of nickle cobalt lithium manganate and the valence state (+trivalent and+4 valencys) of manganese ion, The correlations such as Mn/ (Ni+Co) ratio, granule-morphology, surface plane, surface composition.
Nano material is the focus of Recent study, and nano anode material has big specific surface area, increase material with The exposure level of electrolyte, small particle also shorten the path of lithium ion solid-state diffusion, and the power for being all advantageous to improve material is close Degree.In addition, different patterns and crystallinity and regular degree, can also bring greater impact to chemical property, it is regular Particulate can reduce reunion and particle arch formation, reduce particle alkali cleaning during particle packing filling, and then be advantageous to lithium ion The raising of battery specific capacity.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 of tetrakaidecahedron shape, as lithium ion cell positive During material, the power density and battery specific capacity of battery are favorably improved due to its unique pattern.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method of cell positive material tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4, it is characterised in that including such as Lower step:
(1) microwave method prepares crystal seed:By soluble lithium compounds, soluble nickel compound, soluble cobalt compound and can Dissolubility manganese compound is dissolved separately in deionized water, formed concentration be 0.05-0.07mol/L lithium ion solution, nickel from Sub- solution, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution, it is then 1 according to the mol ratio of lithium ion, nickel ion, cobalt ions and manganese ion : x: y: it is water-soluble that four kinds of solution are mixed and stirred for uniformly, then adding the urea that concentration is 0.1mol/L by the ratio of (2-x-y) Liquid, stirring 10-30min obtain mixed solution, by above-mentioned mixed solution heated by microwave, obtain seed-solution;Wherein, microwave Heating power is about 5~6kW, and frequency 2500MHz, the time is 2~6 minutes, and the mol ratio of urea and lithium ion is 6-8: 1;
(2) preparation of nickle cobalt lithium manganate:By soluble lithium compounds, soluble nickel compound, soluble cobalt compound and Soluble manganese compounds are dissolved separately in deionized water, formed concentration be 0.1-0.3mol/L lithium ion solution, nickel from Sub- solution, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution, it is then 1 according to the mol ratio of lithium ion, nickel ion, cobalt ions and manganese ion : x: y: four kinds of solution are mixed and stirred for uniformly, adding the seed-solution that step (1) obtains and fully stirred by the ratio of (2-x-y) Mix to being well mixed, finally add 0.2mol/L amino acid solution, obtained mixed reactant is put into hydro-thermal reaction 2~5h of hydro-thermal reaction, taking-up reaction product, filtering, washing at 140-180 DEG C in kettle, and dried at 50-60 DEG C, obtain Tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4;
Wherein, the soluble lithium compounds described in step (1) and (2) are lithium nitrate or lithium acetate, described solubility Nickel compound is nickel nitrate or nickel acetate, and described soluble cobalt compound is cobalt nitrate or cobalt acetate, described soluble manganese Compound is manganese nitrate or manganese acetate, 0.2≤x≤0.4,0.2≤y≤0.4;Freamine Ⅲ described in step (2) is L- The arginine aqueous solution or the mol ratio of the 1B aqueous solution, L-arginine or 1B and lithium ion are 7-10: 1.
The preparation method of battery anode material nickel cobalt manganic acid lithium disclosed by the invention, product is prepared into by two-step method, its Principle is as follows:
The first step is the preparation of crystal seed, i.e., the reaction raw materials prepared is heated to obtain particle using the method for microwave Tiny crystal seed.Because the microwave heating equipment frequency of selection is 2500MH, the polar molecule in raw material is per second under its effect Clock changes direction 2.5 × 109Secondary, molecule carrys out back rotation, with the mutual collision friction of surrounding molecular, is brought rapidly up, the urine in raw material Element discharges OH as precipitating reagent-, crystal seed, the opposing party are obtained with lithium ion and nickel ion, cobalt ions, manganese ion fast reaction Face, the uniformity heated due to microwave and the concentration by controlling reaction time and reaction raw materials, efficiently avoid crystal seed Grow up, obtain a large amount of tiny nickle cobalt lithium manganate seed particles.
Second step is the preparation of nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 product, i.e., former with reaction using the crystal seed obtained in previous step Material mixing, is reacted in the hydrothermal reaction kettle of routine, obtains the nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 of product tetrakaidecahedron shape.The step On the basis of a large amount of tiny crystal seeds are as growth basic point, by traditional hydro-thermal method, by raw material lithium ion, nickel ion, cobalt Ion and manganese ion reaction, obtain the nickle cobalt lithium manganate of product of nano, its particle diameter distribution is uniform.It is in the step, reaction is former The concentration of material properly increases, and accelerates its reaction and rate of crystalline growth, and water miscible amino acid L-arginine or 1B On the one hand the progress of reaction is ensured as the precipitating reagent with slow release effect, on the other hand, L-arginine or 1B are also made For soft template, promote the development of nickle cobalt lithium manganate crystal structure, form tetrakaidecahedron shape.As for obtaining the machine of tetrakaidecahedron shape Reason, inventor's conjecture is probably steric effect due to L-arginine or 1B, or due to group thereon, such as- COOH、-NH2, with hydrogen bond, Van der Waals force in water, collectively promote the assembling and shaping of nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4.
The tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 that the present invention obtains is as anode material for lithium-ion batteries, because its is special The influence spread to ion of pattern and influence to particle packing, improve power density and battery specific capacity, have wide Wealthy application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the XRD for the tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 that embodiment 1 obtains;
Fig. 2 is the SEM figures for the tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 that embodiment 1 obtains.
Embodiment
It is below the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention to be explained and illustrated.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of cell positive material tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4, it is characterised in that including such as Lower step:
(1) microwave method prepares crystal seed:Lithium nitrate, nickel nitrate, cobalt nitrate and manganese acetate are dissolved separately in deionized water, Formed concentration be 0.05mol/L lithium ion solution, nickel ion solution, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution, then according to Four kinds of solution are mixed and stirred by the ratio that lithium ion, nickel ion, the mol ratio of cobalt ions and manganese ion are 1: 0.3: 0.3: 1.4 The aqueous solution of urea for uniformly, then adding that concentration is 0.1mol/L is mixed, stirring 30min obtains mixed solution, by above-mentioned mixing Solution heated by microwave, obtains seed-solution;Wherein, microwave heating power is 5kW, and frequency 2500MHz, the time is 4 minutes, The mol ratio of urea and lithium ion is 6: 1;
(2) preparation of nickle cobalt lithium manganate:Lithium nitrate, nickel acetate, cobalt nitrate and manganese acetate are dissolved separately in deionized water In, lithium ion solution, nickel ion solution, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution that concentration is 0.1mol/L are formed, is then pressed The ratio that mol ratio according to lithium ion, nickel ion, cobalt ions and manganese ion is 1: 0.3: 0.3: 1.4 mixes four kinds of solution simultaneously Stir, add the seed-solution that step (1) obtains be stirred well to it is well mixed, finally according still further to 1B and lithium The mol ratio of ion is 7: 1, adds the 0.2mol/L 1B aqueous solution, obtained mixed reactant is put into hydro-thermal reaction Hydro-thermal reaction 4h, taking-up reaction product, filtering, washing at 150 DEG C in kettle, and dried at 60 DEG C, obtain tetrakaidecahedron shape Nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 LiNi0.3Co0.3Mn1.4O4
Fig. 1 and 2 is respectively XRD and the SEM figure for the tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 prepared, therefrom can be true Fixed, the product prepared is nickle cobalt lithium manganate LiNi0.3Co0.3Mn1.4O4Crystal, grain size distribution is uniform, and pattern is unified.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of cell positive material tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4, it is characterised in that including such as Lower step:
(1) microwave method prepares crystal seed:Lithium acetate, nickel acetate, cobalt acetate and manganese acetate are dissolved separately in deionized water, Formed concentration be 0.07mol/L lithium ion solution, nickel ion solution, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution, then according to Four kinds of solution are mixed and stirred by the ratio that lithium ion, nickel ion, the mol ratio of cobalt ions and manganese ion are 1: 0.3: 0.4: 1.3 The aqueous solution of urea for uniformly, then adding that concentration is 0.1mol/L is mixed, stirring 30min obtains mixed solution, by above-mentioned mixing Solution heated by microwave, obtains seed-solution;Wherein, microwave heating power is 6kW, and frequency 2500MHz, the time is 2 minutes, The mol ratio of urea and lithium ion is 8: 1;
(2) preparation of nickle cobalt lithium manganate:Lithium acetate, nickel acetate, cobalt acetate and manganese acetate are dissolved separately in deionized water In, lithium ion solution, nickel ion solution, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution that concentration is 0.3mol/L are formed, is then pressed The ratio that mol ratio according to lithium ion, nickel ion, cobalt ions and manganese ion is 1: 0.3: 0.4: 1.3 mixes four kinds of solution simultaneously Stir, add the seed-solution that step (1) obtains be stirred well to it is well mixed, finally according still further to L-arginine and lithium The mol ratio of ion is 10: 1, adds the 0.2mol/L L-arginine aqueous solution, it is anti-that obtained mixed reactant is put into hydro-thermal Hydro-thermal reaction 2.5h, taking-up reaction product, filtering, washing at 180 DEG C in kettle are answered, and is dried at 50 DEG C, obtains ten four sides Bodily form nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 LiNi0.3Co0.4Mn1.3O4

Claims (1)

1. a kind of preparation method of cell positive material tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4, it is characterised in that including as follows Step:
(1) microwave method prepares crystal seed:By soluble lithium compounds, soluble nickel compound, soluble cobalt compound and solubility Manganese compound is dissolved separately in deionized water, and formation concentration is that 0.05-0.07mol/L lithium ion solution, nickel ion are molten Liquid, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution, it is then 1: x: y according to the mol ratio of lithium ion, nickel ion, cobalt ions and manganese ion : four kinds of solution are mixed and stirred for uniformly, then adding the aqueous solution of urea that concentration is 0.1mol/L by the ratio of (2-x-y), Stirring 10-30min obtains mixed solution, by above-mentioned mixed solution heated by microwave, obtains seed-solution;Wherein, microwave heats Power is about 5~6kW, and frequency 2500MHz, the time is 2~6 minutes, and the mol ratio of urea and lithium ion is 6-8: 1;
(2) preparation of nickle cobalt lithium manganate:By soluble lithium compounds, soluble nickel compound, soluble cobalt compound and solvable Property manganese compound be dissolved separately in deionized water, formed concentration be 0.1-0.3mol/L lithium ion solution, nickel ion it is molten Liquid, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution, it is then 1: x: y according to the mol ratio of lithium ion, nickel ion, cobalt ions and manganese ion : four kinds of solution are mixed and stirred for uniformly, adding the seed-solution that step (1) obtains and are stirred well to by the ratio of (2-x-y) It is well mixed, 0.2mol/L amino acid solution is finally added, obtained mixed reactant is put into hydrothermal reaction kettle 2~5h of hydro-thermal reaction at 140-180 DEG C, reaction product is taken out, filtered, washing, and dried at 50-60 DEG C, obtain 14 Face bodily form nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4;
Wherein, the soluble lithium compounds described in step (1) and (2) are lithium nitrate or lithium acetate, described soluble nickel Compound is nickel nitrate or nickel acetate, and described soluble cobalt compound is cobalt nitrate or cobalt acetate, described soluble manganese chemical combination Thing is manganese nitrate or manganese acetate, 0.2≤x≤0.4,0.2≤y≤0.4;Freamine Ⅲ described in step (2) is L- essence ammonia Aqueous acid or the mol ratio of the 1B aqueous solution, L-arginine or 1B and lithium ion are 7-10: 1.
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CN107381661B (en) * 2017-08-23 2019-01-22 谢燕青 A kind of preparation method of nickle cobalt lithium manganate
CN107394171B (en) * 2017-09-01 2020-01-10 谢燕青 Preparation method of lithium nickel manganese oxide
CN108172822B (en) * 2017-12-29 2020-10-09 昶联金属材料应用制品(广州)有限公司 Nickel cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material and preparation method thereof
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