CN106904668B - A kind of preparation method of cell positive material tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of cell positive material tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of cell positive material tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4, methods described first passes through microwave heating method and nickle cobalt lithium manganate crystal seed is prepared, and nano level nickle cobalt lithium manganate then is prepared with hydro-thermal method again;This method utilizes the quick heating effect of microwave, obtained crystal seed fine uniform, crystal growth basic point as follow-up hydrothermal step, help to obtain that particle diameter is small and the product of size uniform, and in water-heat process, from L arginine or L lysines as precipitating reagent and soft template, the nanoscale nickle cobalt lithium manganate with tetrakaidecahedron structure is obtained.The tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 that the present invention obtains the influence spread due to its special pattern to ion and the influence to particle packing, is improved power density and battery specific capacity, had broad application prospects as anode material for lithium-ion batteries.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of the nickle cobalt lithium manganate as cell positive material, more particularly to a kind of electricity
The preparation method of the nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 of pond positive electrode tetrakaidecahedron shape.
Background technology
In recent years, various electronic equipment rapid developments, the requirement more and more higher for battery, and lithium ion battery is considered
Best novel energy, it is small to notebook, mobile phone greatly to electric automobile, all it be unable to do without lithium battery.
LiMn2O4 (LiMn2O4) due to have the characteristics that high voltage, cheap, aboundresources, with it is environment-friendly, turn into
One of most promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries, obtain extensive research and application.But LiMn2O4 is in cyclic process
Capacity has larger decay, seriously hinders its commercialized application.It has been investigated that influence the capacity attenuation of LiMn2O4 because
Element essentially consists in:(1) purity of phase structure and stability, microscopic appearance it is irregular;(2) material produces in deep discharge
Jahn-Teller effects;(3) disproportionated reaction easily occurs in discharge and recharge for LiMn2O4, produces Manganic ion and is dissolved into electrolysis
Liquid is medium.
Compared to LiFePO4、LiCoO2Deng positive electrode, LiMn2O4 because abundant raw materials, price advantage are obvious, and
Its preparation technology is relatively easy, and security performance is high.Therefore, as long as the research to the material at present concentrates on the side such as doping vario-property
Face, to improve its cycle performance.Wherein, it is metal-doped with stable spinel structure, raising cycle performance with Fe, Co, Ni, Zn etc.
It is more effective method.The especially LiMn2O4 of codope, its performance is more excellent, has obtained extensive concern and research.
At present, synthesizing the method for nickle cobalt lithium manganate mainly has high temperature solid-state method, coprecipitation, sol-gal process etc., spraying
Seasoning etc..Wherein, the nickle cobalt lithium manganate chemical property index being prepared using coprecipitation is preferable, but is preparing
The uniform mixing of molecular level is difficult in journey, has influence on its chemical property to a certain extent.
As cell positive material, the chemical property of nickle cobalt lithium manganate and the valence state (+trivalent and+4 valencys) of manganese ion,
The correlations such as Mn/ (Ni+Co) ratio, granule-morphology, surface plane, surface composition.
Nano material is the focus of Recent study, and nano anode material has big specific surface area, increase material with
The exposure level of electrolyte, small particle also shorten the path of lithium ion solid-state diffusion, and the power for being all advantageous to improve material is close
Degree.In addition, different patterns and crystallinity and regular degree, can also bring greater impact to chemical property, it is regular
Particulate can reduce reunion and particle arch formation, reduce particle alkali cleaning during particle packing filling, and then be advantageous to lithium ion
The raising of battery specific capacity.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 of tetrakaidecahedron shape, as lithium ion cell positive
During material, the power density and battery specific capacity of battery are favorably improved due to its unique pattern.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method of cell positive material tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4, it is characterised in that including such as
Lower step:
(1) microwave method prepares crystal seed:By soluble lithium compounds, soluble nickel compound, soluble cobalt compound and can
Dissolubility manganese compound is dissolved separately in deionized water, formed concentration be 0.05-0.07mol/L lithium ion solution, nickel from
Sub- solution, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution, it is then 1 according to the mol ratio of lithium ion, nickel ion, cobalt ions and manganese ion
: x: y: it is water-soluble that four kinds of solution are mixed and stirred for uniformly, then adding the urea that concentration is 0.1mol/L by the ratio of (2-x-y)
Liquid, stirring 10-30min obtain mixed solution, by above-mentioned mixed solution heated by microwave, obtain seed-solution;Wherein, microwave
Heating power is about 5~6kW, and frequency 2500MHz, the time is 2~6 minutes, and the mol ratio of urea and lithium ion is 6-8: 1;
(2) preparation of nickle cobalt lithium manganate:By soluble lithium compounds, soluble nickel compound, soluble cobalt compound and
Soluble manganese compounds are dissolved separately in deionized water, formed concentration be 0.1-0.3mol/L lithium ion solution, nickel from
Sub- solution, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution, it is then 1 according to the mol ratio of lithium ion, nickel ion, cobalt ions and manganese ion
: x: y: four kinds of solution are mixed and stirred for uniformly, adding the seed-solution that step (1) obtains and fully stirred by the ratio of (2-x-y)
Mix to being well mixed, finally add 0.2mol/L amino acid solution, obtained mixed reactant is put into hydro-thermal reaction
2~5h of hydro-thermal reaction, taking-up reaction product, filtering, washing at 140-180 DEG C in kettle, and dried at 50-60 DEG C, obtain
Tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4;
Wherein, the soluble lithium compounds described in step (1) and (2) are lithium nitrate or lithium acetate, described solubility
Nickel compound is nickel nitrate or nickel acetate, and described soluble cobalt compound is cobalt nitrate or cobalt acetate, described soluble manganese
Compound is manganese nitrate or manganese acetate, 0.2≤x≤0.4,0.2≤y≤0.4;Freamine Ⅲ described in step (2) is L-
The arginine aqueous solution or the mol ratio of the 1B aqueous solution, L-arginine or 1B and lithium ion are 7-10: 1.
The preparation method of battery anode material nickel cobalt manganic acid lithium disclosed by the invention, product is prepared into by two-step method, its
Principle is as follows:
The first step is the preparation of crystal seed, i.e., the reaction raw materials prepared is heated to obtain particle using the method for microwave
Tiny crystal seed.Because the microwave heating equipment frequency of selection is 2500MH, the polar molecule in raw material is per second under its effect
Clock changes direction 2.5 × 109Secondary, molecule carrys out back rotation, with the mutual collision friction of surrounding molecular, is brought rapidly up, the urine in raw material
Element discharges OH as precipitating reagent-, crystal seed, the opposing party are obtained with lithium ion and nickel ion, cobalt ions, manganese ion fast reaction
Face, the uniformity heated due to microwave and the concentration by controlling reaction time and reaction raw materials, efficiently avoid crystal seed
Grow up, obtain a large amount of tiny nickle cobalt lithium manganate seed particles.
Second step is the preparation of nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 product, i.e., former with reaction using the crystal seed obtained in previous step
Material mixing, is reacted in the hydrothermal reaction kettle of routine, obtains the nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 of product tetrakaidecahedron shape.The step
On the basis of a large amount of tiny crystal seeds are as growth basic point, by traditional hydro-thermal method, by raw material lithium ion, nickel ion, cobalt
Ion and manganese ion reaction, obtain the nickle cobalt lithium manganate of product of nano, its particle diameter distribution is uniform.It is in the step, reaction is former
The concentration of material properly increases, and accelerates its reaction and rate of crystalline growth, and water miscible amino acid L-arginine or 1B
On the one hand the progress of reaction is ensured as the precipitating reagent with slow release effect, on the other hand, L-arginine or 1B are also made
For soft template, promote the development of nickle cobalt lithium manganate crystal structure, form tetrakaidecahedron shape.As for obtaining the machine of tetrakaidecahedron shape
Reason, inventor's conjecture is probably steric effect due to L-arginine or 1B, or due to group thereon, such as-
COOH、-NH2, with hydrogen bond, Van der Waals force in water, collectively promote the assembling and shaping of nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4.
The tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 that the present invention obtains is as anode material for lithium-ion batteries, because its is special
The influence spread to ion of pattern and influence to particle packing, improve power density and battery specific capacity, have wide
Wealthy application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the XRD for the tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 that embodiment 1 obtains;
Fig. 2 is the SEM figures for the tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 that embodiment 1 obtains.
Embodiment
It is below the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention to be explained and illustrated.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of cell positive material tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4, it is characterised in that including such as
Lower step:
(1) microwave method prepares crystal seed:Lithium nitrate, nickel nitrate, cobalt nitrate and manganese acetate are dissolved separately in deionized water,
Formed concentration be 0.05mol/L lithium ion solution, nickel ion solution, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution, then according to
Four kinds of solution are mixed and stirred by the ratio that lithium ion, nickel ion, the mol ratio of cobalt ions and manganese ion are 1: 0.3: 0.3: 1.4
The aqueous solution of urea for uniformly, then adding that concentration is 0.1mol/L is mixed, stirring 30min obtains mixed solution, by above-mentioned mixing
Solution heated by microwave, obtains seed-solution;Wherein, microwave heating power is 5kW, and frequency 2500MHz, the time is 4 minutes,
The mol ratio of urea and lithium ion is 6: 1;
(2) preparation of nickle cobalt lithium manganate:Lithium nitrate, nickel acetate, cobalt nitrate and manganese acetate are dissolved separately in deionized water
In, lithium ion solution, nickel ion solution, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution that concentration is 0.1mol/L are formed, is then pressed
The ratio that mol ratio according to lithium ion, nickel ion, cobalt ions and manganese ion is 1: 0.3: 0.3: 1.4 mixes four kinds of solution simultaneously
Stir, add the seed-solution that step (1) obtains be stirred well to it is well mixed, finally according still further to 1B and lithium
The mol ratio of ion is 7: 1, adds the 0.2mol/L 1B aqueous solution, obtained mixed reactant is put into hydro-thermal reaction
Hydro-thermal reaction 4h, taking-up reaction product, filtering, washing at 150 DEG C in kettle, and dried at 60 DEG C, obtain tetrakaidecahedron shape
Nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 LiNi0.3Co0.3Mn1.4O4。
Fig. 1 and 2 is respectively XRD and the SEM figure for the tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 prepared, therefrom can be true
Fixed, the product prepared is nickle cobalt lithium manganate LiNi0.3Co0.3Mn1.4O4Crystal, grain size distribution is uniform, and pattern is unified.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of cell positive material tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4, it is characterised in that including such as
Lower step:
(1) microwave method prepares crystal seed:Lithium acetate, nickel acetate, cobalt acetate and manganese acetate are dissolved separately in deionized water,
Formed concentration be 0.07mol/L lithium ion solution, nickel ion solution, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution, then according to
Four kinds of solution are mixed and stirred by the ratio that lithium ion, nickel ion, the mol ratio of cobalt ions and manganese ion are 1: 0.3: 0.4: 1.3
The aqueous solution of urea for uniformly, then adding that concentration is 0.1mol/L is mixed, stirring 30min obtains mixed solution, by above-mentioned mixing
Solution heated by microwave, obtains seed-solution;Wherein, microwave heating power is 6kW, and frequency 2500MHz, the time is 2 minutes,
The mol ratio of urea and lithium ion is 8: 1;
(2) preparation of nickle cobalt lithium manganate:Lithium acetate, nickel acetate, cobalt acetate and manganese acetate are dissolved separately in deionized water
In, lithium ion solution, nickel ion solution, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution that concentration is 0.3mol/L are formed, is then pressed
The ratio that mol ratio according to lithium ion, nickel ion, cobalt ions and manganese ion is 1: 0.3: 0.4: 1.3 mixes four kinds of solution simultaneously
Stir, add the seed-solution that step (1) obtains be stirred well to it is well mixed, finally according still further to L-arginine and lithium
The mol ratio of ion is 10: 1, adds the 0.2mol/L L-arginine aqueous solution, it is anti-that obtained mixed reactant is put into hydro-thermal
Hydro-thermal reaction 2.5h, taking-up reaction product, filtering, washing at 180 DEG C in kettle are answered, and is dried at 50 DEG C, obtains ten four sides
Bodily form nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4 LiNi0.3Co0.4Mn1.3O4。
Claims (1)
1. a kind of preparation method of cell positive material tetrakaidecahedron shape nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4, it is characterised in that including as follows
Step:
(1) microwave method prepares crystal seed:By soluble lithium compounds, soluble nickel compound, soluble cobalt compound and solubility
Manganese compound is dissolved separately in deionized water, and formation concentration is that 0.05-0.07mol/L lithium ion solution, nickel ion are molten
Liquid, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution, it is then 1: x: y according to the mol ratio of lithium ion, nickel ion, cobalt ions and manganese ion
: four kinds of solution are mixed and stirred for uniformly, then adding the aqueous solution of urea that concentration is 0.1mol/L by the ratio of (2-x-y),
Stirring 10-30min obtains mixed solution, by above-mentioned mixed solution heated by microwave, obtains seed-solution;Wherein, microwave heats
Power is about 5~6kW, and frequency 2500MHz, the time is 2~6 minutes, and the mol ratio of urea and lithium ion is 6-8: 1;
(2) preparation of nickle cobalt lithium manganate:By soluble lithium compounds, soluble nickel compound, soluble cobalt compound and solvable
Property manganese compound be dissolved separately in deionized water, formed concentration be 0.1-0.3mol/L lithium ion solution, nickel ion it is molten
Liquid, cobalt ions solution and manganese ion solution, it is then 1: x: y according to the mol ratio of lithium ion, nickel ion, cobalt ions and manganese ion
: four kinds of solution are mixed and stirred for uniformly, adding the seed-solution that step (1) obtains and are stirred well to by the ratio of (2-x-y)
It is well mixed, 0.2mol/L amino acid solution is finally added, obtained mixed reactant is put into hydrothermal reaction kettle
2~5h of hydro-thermal reaction at 140-180 DEG C, reaction product is taken out, filtered, washing, and dried at 50-60 DEG C, obtain 14
Face bodily form nanometer nickel-cobalt LiMn2O4;
Wherein, the soluble lithium compounds described in step (1) and (2) are lithium nitrate or lithium acetate, described soluble nickel
Compound is nickel nitrate or nickel acetate, and described soluble cobalt compound is cobalt nitrate or cobalt acetate, described soluble manganese chemical combination
Thing is manganese nitrate or manganese acetate, 0.2≤x≤0.4,0.2≤y≤0.4;Freamine Ⅲ described in step (2) is L- essence ammonia
Aqueous acid or the mol ratio of the 1B aqueous solution, L-arginine or 1B and lithium ion are 7-10: 1.
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CN101355161A (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2009-01-28 | 长沙矿冶研究院 | Method for preparing lithium ion battery anode material nickel cobalt lithium manganate |
CN101483238A (en) * | 2009-02-04 | 2009-07-15 | 宁波金和新材料有限公司 | Method of preparing lithium ionic positive pole material by using amino acid type organic as complexing agent |
CN103682311A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-26 | 浙江大学 | Preparation method of ternary composite cathode material of lithium ion battery |
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