CN106901698B - Dual-band spectrum imager based on adjustable polarization and spectrum measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Dual-band spectrum imager based on adjustable polarization and spectrum measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dual-band spectrum imager based on adjustable polarization and a spectrum measuring method thereof, wherein an imaging system comprises an imaging objective lens, a beam splitting prism II for dividing an imaging light path into a transmission light path and a reflection light path, an optical filter I arranged corresponding to the transmission light path and an optical filter II arranged corresponding to the reflection light path; the spectrum imager also comprises a polarization analyzer capable of adjusting the polarization direction and linearly polarized light formed by the light source component; the optical path branching is adopted, so that the spectral values of the brain tissue to be detected under the light of two different specific wave bands can be collected and analyzed simultaneously, the change of the perfusion state and the oxygenation state of blood in the tissue due to the change of the detection time is avoided, the time resolution can be improved, and the error is reduced; and the polarization direction of the polarization-detecting sheet is adjustable with the polarization direction of linearly polarized light formed by the light source component, so that background light caused by the reflection of the surface of the brain tissue is removed, and the sensitivity of data detection is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biomedical engineering, in particular to a dual-band spectrum imager based on adjustable polarization and a spectrum measuring method thereof.
Background
The accurate positioning of the active area of brain function is a precondition for accurate neurosurgical operation, and is also a key for removing intracranial lesions to the greatest extent, preserving brain function to the greatest extent and reducing nerve damage. The brain tissue has a difference in blood oxygen consumption between a resting state and an activated state, and the ratio of oxyhemoglobin to deoxyhemoglobin is different. Based on the fact that oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin have different absorption spectra, the change of blood supply state or blood oxygen saturation in tissues can be detected by utilizing the different spectral characteristics and used for detecting the blood oxygen perfusion state and blood oxygen metabolism state of the tissues, so that brain areas which are activated and need to be protected in an important way in the operation process are positioned. Existing spectroscopic analysis is difficult to use for localization of brain functional areas because: (1) The current spectrum analysis mostly needs to collect spectrum values of different wave bands successively and then analyze, and as the detection time changes, the perfusion state and the oxygenation state of blood in tissues are changed, so that the spectrum values of different wave bands in the tissues at the same time point are difficult to collect and analyze, and the data cannot be effectively analyzed. (2) The diffuse reflection spectrum data detected by the existing spectrum device for detecting the content of the oxyhemoglobin and the deoxyhemoglobin is mostly from light reflected by the surface of the tissue, and the light does not carry spectrum information in the tissue to become a background, so that the sensitivity and the accuracy of data analysis are greatly reduced. (3) The difference between the oxygenation state in the tissue in the resting state and the oxygenation state in the activated state is small, and the detection method and the image processing mode of the current spectrum device can not sensitively and accurately position the activation area.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a spectrum detecting and analyzing system different from the existing spectrum imaging apparatus for detecting the content of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin, and to establish a corresponding data processing method to remove the background caused by the reflection of the light on the surface of the tissue, and to reduce the noise of the system; the method realizes the simultaneous acquisition and analysis of spectrum information in different wavebands, improves the time resolution and reduces errors; the difference between the oxygenation state in the tissue in the resting state and the oxygenation state in the activated state is amplified through data processing, so that the sensitivity of detection of the functional area is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a dual-band spectrum imager based on adjustable polarization and a spectrum measurement method thereof, which can remove the background caused by the reflection of surface light and reduce the noise of the system; the method can collect and analyze the spectrum information of different wave bands at the same time, improve the time resolution and reduce the error; and can amplify the slight difference of oxygenation state in brain tissue between resting state and activated state, and increase the sensitivity of positioning.
The invention relates to a dual-band spectrum imager based on adjustable polarization, which comprises:
a light source assembly for forming linearly polarized light;
a beam-splitting prism I which reflects and focuses linearly polarized light on the biological tissue to be detected and transmits the light returned from the biological tissue to be detected;
also included is an imaging system for imaging, the imaging system comprising:
the imaging objective lens is used for passing and imaging the light which returns from the biological tissue to be detected and passes through the beam splitting prism I;
the beam splitting prism II is arranged behind the imaging objective lens along the imaging light path and is used for dividing the imaging light path into a transmission light path and a reflection light path;
the optical filter I is arranged corresponding to the transmission light path of the light splitting prism II and used for passing the light of the first specific wave band;
the optical filter II is arranged corresponding to the reflected light path of the light splitting prism II and used for passing light of a second specific wave band;
the imaging system further comprises a first wave band detector and a second wave band detector which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the optical filters I and II;
the spectrum imager also comprises a polarization analyzer for removing non-target light in the imaging light path, wherein the polarization direction of the polarization analyzer is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light formed by the light source component.
Further, the filter I and the filter II are both narrow-band filters, the wavelength of light in a first specific wave band corresponding to the filter I is any one of 530-560nm, and the wavelength of light in a second specific wave band corresponding to the filter II is any one of 600-640 nm.
Further, the light source assembly at least comprises a cold light source and a polarizing plate for converting illumination light emitted by the cold light source into linearly polarized light, and the light source assembly is directly arranged on the beam splitting prism I; the incidence direction of the linearly polarized light reflected by the beam splitter prism I is perpendicular to the emergent direction.
Further, the polarization analyzer is arranged behind the imaging objective lens along the imaging light path; the beam splitting prism I and the beam splitting prism II are semi-transparent and semi-reflective prisms.
Further, the imaging lens positioning device comprises a shell and an objective lens mounting assembly arranged on the shell, wherein the objective lens mounting assembly comprises a support sleeve fixed on the shell, a driving sleeve matched with the support sleeve in a manner of being driven to rotate relatively, and a positioning sleeve sleeved in the driving sleeve and used for positioning and fixing the imaging lens, and the positioning sleeve is sleeved in the support sleeve in a manner of being capable of moving axially and fixing in the circumferential direction.
Further, the device also comprises a focusing driving assembly for driving the driving sleeve to rotate so as to enable the positioning sleeve to axially move relative to the supporting sleeve for focusing, wherein the focusing driving assembly comprises a driven bevel gear fixed with the circumference of the driving sleeve, a driving bevel gear meshed with the driven bevel gear in a mode of perpendicularly intersecting an axis, and a driving shaft fixed with the circumference of the driving bevel gear and extending out of the shell.
Further, the locating sleeve comprises a locating sleeve body provided with a locating clamping table therein and a locating mechanism matched with the locating clamping table to form locating locking for the imaging objective, and a clamping arm capable of being clamped between the locating clamping table and the locating mechanism to form locating matching is arranged on the outer side of the cylinder body of the imaging objective.
The invention also discloses a spectrum measuring method by using the dual-band spectrum imager based on adjustable polarization, which comprises the following steps:
s1, calibrating an interested area of a detected target to be detected;
s2, acquiring spectrum data in a resting state of a detected target without stimulation, and processing to acquire a spectrum baseline value Rr of each pixel point in the region of interest;
s3, acquiring spectrum data under the activation state of a stimulated detected target, and processing to acquire an activation spectrum value Ra of each pixel point in the region of interest;
s4, comparing an activated spectrum value Ra of each pixel point in the region of interest in an activated state with a spectrum baseline value Rr of each pixel point in the region of interest in a resting state, and calculating a difference Rd of each pixel point, wherein Rd=Ra-R0;
s5, giving a pseudo color to the difference Rd of each pixel point, and reconstructing to form a difference topographic map.
In this embodiment, step S2 includes the following steps:
s2-1, adopting dual-band spectrum channels with different spectrum values to simultaneously and continuously collect spectrum data and approving each frame of spectrum picture through a calibration point under the state of not stimulating the detected target;
s2-2, continuously collecting spectrum pictures and after approval, extracting a spectrum value of each pixel point of the region of interest;
s2-3, carrying out ratio on the spectrum values of the pixel points at the same position of the spectrum photo acquired at the same time point of the dual-band spectrum channel, continuously adding the ratio of the pixel points at the same position, and calculating an average value to obtain a spectrum baseline value Rr; .
In this embodiment, step S3 includes the following steps:
in the stimulated state, repeating the steps S2-1 to S2-3, and finally continuously adding the obtained ratios at all time points and calculating the average value to obtain the activation spectrum value Ra.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the dual-band spectrum imager based on orthogonal polarization adopts the dual-source detector, can collect and analyze the spectrum values of the brain tissue to be detected under the light of two different specific wave bands at the same time, avoids the change of the perfusion state and the oxygenation state of blood in the tissue due to the change of the detection time, can improve the time resolution and reduce the error; the polarization direction of the polarization-detecting sheet and the polarization direction of linearly polarized light formed by the light source component are adjustable to form orthogonal polarization, and only light reflected from the inside of the biological tissue to be detected is received by the detector, so that background light caused by the reflection of the surface of the biological tissue to be detected is removed, and the sensitivity of data detection is increased;
according to the spectrum measuring method based on the dual-band spectrum imager, the spectrum data of each pixel point continuously collected before and after the activation of the measured target is subjected to contrast treatment and the difference value is calculated, so that not only can background interference be removed, but also the aim of simultaneously positioning the activated region of the region of interest and judging the activation degree is fulfilled by comparing the spectrum difference before and after the activation, the problem that the difference between the oxygenation state in brain tissue in a resting state and that in an activation state is small in the prior art is solved, and the detection method and the image processing mode of the current spectrum device cannot sensitively accurately position the activation region. .
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle of a spectral imager of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spectral imager according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of FIG. 2 at A;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of a spectral imager according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle of a spectral imager of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spectral imager according to the present invention; FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of FIG. 2 at A; fig. 4 is a perspective view of a spectrum imager according to the present invention, as shown in the drawings: the dual-band spectrum imager based on orthogonal polarization comprises a light source component for forming linearly polarized light and a beam splitting prism I2 for reflecting and focusing the linearly polarized light on the biological tissue to be detected and transmitting the light returned from the biological tissue to be detected; the biological tissue to be detected is placed on the working surface 1
Also included is an imaging system for imaging, the imaging system comprising:
an imaging objective lens 3 for passing and imaging the light returned from the biological tissue to be detected and passing through the beam splitting prism I2;
a beam splitting prism ii 4 disposed behind the imaging objective lens 3 along the imaging optical path for splitting the imaging optical path into a transmission optical path and a reflection optical path;
the optical filter I5 is arranged corresponding to the transmission light path of the light splitting prism II 4 and used for passing the light of the first specific wave band;
the optical filter II 6 is arranged corresponding to the reflected light path of the light splitting prism II 4 and used for passing the light of the second specific wave band;
the imaging system further comprises a first band detector 7 and a second band detector 8 which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the optical filters I5 and II 6;
the spectrum imager also comprises a polarization analyzer 9 for removing non-target light in the imaging light path, wherein the polarization direction of the polarization analyzer 9 is adjustable with the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light formed by the light source component.
The polarization direction of the polarization analyzer 9 is adjustable, and the polarization analyzer is realized in a mode of being driven to rotate; the imaging optical path is a light source component, a beam splitting prism I2, biological tissue to be detected, a beam splitting prism I2, an imaging objective lens 3, an analyzer 9 and a beam splitting prism II 4, the imaging optical path is divided into two paths by the beam splitting prism II 4, the two paths enter corresponding detectors through a light filter I5 and a light filter II 6 respectively, and a CCD unit is arranged corresponding to each detector for image processing, wherein the vertical optical axis of the beam splitting prism I2, the optical axis of the imaging objective lens 3 and the optical axis of the beam splitting prism II 4 are overlapped; the specific working principle is as follows: the linearly polarized light formed by the light source component deflects the light path to illuminate the target through the light splitting prism I2, the light on the surface of the target is completely attenuated through the orthogonal polarization-detecting sheet 9, the light in the target is changed into partial polarized light through scattering, the light which is not orthogonal with the polarization-detecting sheet 9 can enter the light splitting prism II 4, and the light passes through the light splitting prism II 4 respectively through the optical filters I5 and II 6 and then reaches the respective detectors to synchronously image, and then is displayed through the display.
In this embodiment, the optical filters i 5 and ii 6 are both narrowband optical filters, the wavelength of the light of the first specific wavelength band corresponding to the optical filter i 5 is any one of 530-560nm, and the wavelength of the light of the second specific wavelength band corresponding to the optical filter ii 6 is any one of 600-640 nm; in this embodiment, the characteristic band of the light of the first specific band is 550±5nm, and the characteristic band of the light of the second specific band is 630±5nm; the narrow-band optical filter mainly realizes selecting the system wave band, and the optical filter can be manual better, and each optical filter is all installed through an optical filter installing support that can dismantle with the casing of spectrum appearance, and the optical filter passes through the clamping ring to be installed on the installing support, when needs change the optical filter, can open instrument casing back shroud, unscrew optical filter set screw, pull out the optical filter installing support, loosen the clamping ring, screw up the clamping ring after changing the optical filter, then install on the instrument through the screw again.
In this embodiment, the light source assembly at least includes a cold light source 10 and a polarizing plate 11 for converting illumination light emitted from the cold light source 10 into linearly polarized light, and the light source assembly is directly mounted on the beam-splitting prism i 2; the spectrum imaging instrument further comprises a base 26, wherein a light source assembly and a beam splitting prism I2 are arranged on the base 26, the light source assembly further comprises a collimating lens group 12, the cold light source 10 emits a beam of scattered light, the light is changed into parallel light through the collimating lens group, and then the light is changed into linearly polarized light through a polarizing plate 11; the incidence direction of the linearly polarized light reflected by the beam splitter prism I2 is vertical to the emergent direction; the light source component is integrally arranged on the mounting seat of the light splitting prism I2, and the light source component and the mounting seat work respectively to form light source irradiation, and the mounting mode is the prior art and is not repeated herein, so that the required double-spectrum channel can be realized; in addition, the detection area range of the objective lens is about 100mm, the detection analysis can be simultaneously carried out on the area with the diameter of about 100mm, and the spatial resolution can reach millimeter level in a short time.
In this embodiment, the analyzer plate 9 is disposed behind the imaging objective 3 along the imaging optical path; the beam splitting prism I2 and the beam splitting prism II 4 are semi-transparent and semi-reflective prisms; the polarization state of the polarization analyzer 9 can be adjusted through an external hand wheel after the polarization analyzer 9 is positioned behind the imaging objective 3 and before the beam splitting prism II 4, and the polarization analyzer 9 mainly has the effect of filtering out the reflected light of the target epidermis through adjusting the polarization direction and transmitting the scattered light inside the target.
In this embodiment, the imaging device further includes a housing 13 and an objective lens mounting assembly disposed on the housing, the housing is mounted on the base, the housing is a supporting frame structure, the objective lens mounting assembly includes a supporting sleeve 14 fixed on the housing 13, a driving sleeve 15 engaged with the supporting sleeve 14 in a manner that can be driven to rotate relatively, and a positioning sleeve 16 disposed in the driving sleeve 15 and used for positioning and fixing the imaging objective lens 3, and the positioning sleeve 16 is disposed in the supporting sleeve 14 in a manner that can be axially moved and fixed in a circumferential direction; as shown in fig. 2, a supporting frame 17 is arranged in the shell 13, the supporting sleeve 14 is fixedly connected with the supporting frame 17 through screws, the supporting sleeve 14 comprises an upper sleeve body 14-1 and a lower sleeve body 14-2 in threaded connection with the upper sleeve body 14-1, a radial flange 14-3 formed at the upper end of the driving sleeve 15 is arranged on the lower sleeve body 14-2 in a supporting manner, the radial flange is positioned on the lower end of the upper sleeve body 14-1 and the lower end edge of the lower sleeve body 14-2, when the driving sleeve 15 is rotated, the driving sleeve 15 can rotate relative to the upper sleeve body 14-1 and the lower sleeve body 14-2 but can not axially move, a positioning sleeve 16 is in threaded connection with the driving sleeve 15, and the positioning sleeve 16 is sleeved in the upper sleeve body 14-1 and circumferentially fixed through a spline structure in a matching manner, and when the driving sleeve 15 is rotated, the positioning sleeve 16 can axially move; the positioning and supporting mode with the structure can enable the focusing of the imaging objective lens 3 to be more accurate and the supporting to be stable; in addition, the polarization-detecting sheet, the optical filter and the detector are all arranged on the shell, and a rotary disk for rotating the polarization-detecting sheet is arranged on the shell; the casing is frame construction, and light source subassembly and beam splitter prism I are installed at the base, and the objective subassembly is installed on objective installation component from the bottom of base portion inserts.
In this embodiment, the focusing driving assembly is further included for driving the driving sleeve 15 to rotate so as to axially move the positioning sleeve 16 relative to the supporting sleeve 14 for focusing; the focusing driving assembly comprises a driven bevel gear 18, a driving bevel gear 19 and a driving shaft 20, wherein the driven bevel gear 18 is circumferentially fixed on the outer sleeve of the driving sleeve 15, the driving bevel gear 19 is meshed with the driven bevel gear 18 in a mode of perpendicularly intersecting with the axis, and the driving shaft 20 is circumferentially fixed on the driving bevel gear 19 and extends out of the shell 13; the focusing driving assembly further comprises a shaft sleeve 21 fixedly arranged on the supporting frame 17, a driving shaft 20 penetrates through the shaft sleeve, a driving bevel gear 19 is fixed with the inner end of the driving shaft 20, and a driven bevel gear 18 is circumferentially sleeved and fixed on the driving sleeve 15.
In this embodiment, the positioning sleeve 16 includes a positioning sleeve body with a positioning clamping table 16-1 therein and a positioning mechanism matched with the positioning clamping table 16-1 to form positioning locking for the imaging objective 3, and a clamping arm 25 capable of being clamped between the positioning clamping table 16-1 and the positioning mechanism to form positioning matching is arranged at the outer side of the cylinder 3-1 of the imaging objective 3; the positioning mechanism is of a spring plunger structure and comprises a spring 23 and a plunger 24, the spring tightly presses the plunger to form positioning on the clamping arm, the end part of the plunger forms a ball head structure, when the imaging objective 3 is installed, the imaging objective 3 stretches into the shell 13 from bottom to top, a positioning tool is arranged at the lower part of the imaging objective 3, a position indication ring groove is arranged on the positioning tool, when the indication ring groove is basically aligned with the edge of the light source, the imaging objective 3 is rotated, and the clamping arm is clamped between the positioning clamping table and the positioning mechanism to form positioning installation.
A focusing hand wheel 22 is arranged at the outer end part of the driving shaft 20 extending out of the shell 13, when the image definition is insufficient, the focusing hand wheel can be rotated clockwise or anticlockwise to enable the imaging objective 3 to move along the optical axis integrally for focusing until the image is clear; in addition, this spectrum imaging appearance still includes to heighten the support, and casing 13 wholly establishes on heightening the support, heightens the support and is four landing legs of framing connection, and the upper portion of landing leg is provided with heightening device, heightens the device for the swivel nut with landing leg threaded connection, and the swivel nut is connected with spectrum imaging appearance's bottom.
The invention also discloses a biological tissue spectrometry method by using the dual-band spectrum imager based on adjustable polarization, the method is mainly based on that oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin have different absorption spectrums, and the change of blood supply state or blood oxygen saturation in tissue can be detected by using the different spectrum characteristics, so as to distinguish an active area (or called functional area) and an inactive area of the biological tissue, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, calibrating an interested area of a detected target to be detected;
s2, acquiring spectrum data in a resting state of a detected target without stimulation, and processing to acquire a spectrum baseline value Rr of each pixel point in the region of interest;
s3, acquiring spectrum data under the activation state of a stimulated detected target, and processing to acquire an activation spectrum value Ra of each pixel point in the region of interest;
s4, comparing an activated spectrum value Ra of each pixel point in the region of interest in an activated state with a spectrum baseline value Rr of each pixel point in the region of interest in a resting state, and calculating a difference Rd of each pixel point, wherein Rd=Ra-R0;
s5, giving a pseudo color to the difference Rd of each pixel point, and reconstructing to form a difference topographic map.
In this embodiment, step S2 includes the following steps:
s2-1, adopting dual-band spectrum channels with different spectrum values to simultaneously and continuously collect spectrum data and approving each frame of spectrum picture through a calibration point under the state of not stimulating the detected target;
s2-2, continuously collecting spectrum pictures and after approval, extracting a spectrum value of each pixel point of the region of interest;
s2-3, carrying out ratio on the spectrum values of the pixel points at the same position of the spectrum photo acquired at the same time point of the dual-band spectrum channel, continuously adding the ratio of the pixel points at the same position, and calculating an average value to obtain a spectrum baseline value Rr; the dual-band spectrum channel respectively collects a frame of spectrum data photo at the same time point, compares the spectrum values of the pixels of the two spectrum data photo at the same position point obtained at the same time point, and because the dual-band spectrum channel respectively collects a plurality of frames of photos in a period of time, the spectrum values of the pixels of the same position point at each time point are compared, and then the ratio obtained at all time points of each pixel point is continuously added and averaged, so as to obtain a spectrum baseline value of the pixels of each same position point (the active spectrum value is measured by adopting the same method).
In this embodiment, step S3 includes the following steps:
repeating the steps S2-1 to S2-3 under the stimulated state, and finally continuously adding the obtained ratios in all time points and calculating an average value to obtain the activation spectrum value Ra; specifically, step S3 includes: s3-1, adopting the double-spectrum channel to simultaneously and continuously collect spectrum pictures and approving each frame of picture through a calibration point; s3-2, continuously collecting pictures and approving, and extracting a spectrum value of each pixel point of the region of interest; s3-3, carrying out ratio on the spectrum values of the pixel points at the same position of the spectrum photo acquired at the same time point of the double spectrum channel, continuously adding the obtained ratio values at all time points, and calculating an average value to obtain an activated spectrum value (Ra).
In the spectrometry method of the invention, the dual-band of the dual-band spectrum channel is 550nm and 630nm respectively, the method is realized by the dual-light path channel of the brain function imager disclosed in the invention, in the steps S2-1 and S3-1, the calibration points are marked on the periphery of the interested region by adopting a sub-optical mark object when the interested region is determined, then the image processing software is applied to approve each frame of picture through the calibration points after the spectrum data are simultaneously and continuously collected by the two channels of 550nm and 630nm, the calibration point approval refers to tracking of the sub-optical mark point in detection, in the embodiment, the interested region can adopt square shapes of four mark points, and automatic point approval can be realized by automatic correction when the target detector slightly moves to realize data processing so as to prevent the follow-up non-correspondence of the spectrum value of each pixel point.
In step S2-3 and step S3-3, the ratio of the spectral values of each pixel point of the two-channel spectrum photographs of 550nm and 630nm acquired at the same time is first shown, for example, r1=r630-1/R550-1; r2=r630-2/R550-2; r3=r630-3/R550-3; … … rn=r630-n/R550-n, where 1, 2, 3 … … n represent spectral picture data acquired at different time points, and then the ratios acquired at different time points are averaged to obtain a spectral baseline value Rr, rr= (r1+r2+r … … +rn)/n of the region of interest in the resting state.
Then comparing the spectrum value Ra of the region of interest in the activated state with the spectrum baseline value Rr of the region of interest in the rest state, and calculating the difference Rd of each pixel point, rd=Ra-R0; and finally, giving a pseudo color to the difference Rd of each pixel point, reconstructing to form a difference topographic map, and positioning certain activated areas in the region of interest, wherein the magnitude of the difference Rd reflects the activation degree of the activated areas.
By the spectrum measuring method, not only background interference can be removed, but also certain activated areas of the interested area can be positioned by comparing the spectrum difference before and after activation, and meanwhile, the activation degree is judged, so that the problem that the difference between the oxygenation state in brain tissue in a resting state and in an activated state in the prior art is small is solved, and the detection method and the image processing mode of the current spectrum device cannot sensitively position the activated area accurately.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A dual-band spectrum imager based on adjustable polarization is characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
a light source assembly for forming linearly polarized light;
a beam-splitting prism I which reflects and focuses linearly polarized light on the biological tissue to be detected and transmits the light returned from the biological tissue to be detected;
also included is an imaging system for imaging, the imaging system comprising:
the imaging objective lens is used for passing and imaging the light which returns from the biological tissue to be detected and passes through the beam splitting prism I;
the beam splitting prism II is arranged behind the imaging objective lens along the imaging light path and is used for dividing the imaging light path into a transmission light path and a reflection light path;
the optical filter I is arranged corresponding to the transmission light path of the light splitting prism II and used for passing the light of the first specific wave band;
the optical filter II is arranged corresponding to the reflected light path of the light splitting prism II and used for passing light of a second specific wave band;
the imaging system further comprises a first wave band detector and a second wave band detector which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the optical filters I and II;
the spectrum imager also comprises a polarization analyzer for removing non-target light in an imaging light path, wherein the polarization direction of the polarization analyzer is adjustable with the polarization direction of linearly polarized light formed by the light source assembly; the optical filter I and the optical filter II are both narrow-band optical filters, the wavelength of light in a first specific wave band corresponding to the optical filter I is any one of 530-560nm, and the wavelength of light in a second specific wave band corresponding to the optical filter II is any one of 600-640 nm; the light source component at least comprises a cold light source and a polarizing plate for converting illumination light emitted by the cold light source into linearly polarized light, and is directly arranged on the light splitting prism I, and the incidence direction of the linearly polarized light reflected by the light splitting prism I is perpendicular to the emergent direction; the polarization analyzer is arranged behind the imaging objective lens along an imaging light path; the beam splitting prism I and the beam splitting prism II are semi-transparent and semi-reflective prisms; the device comprises a shell, an objective lens mounting assembly, a driving sleeve, a positioning sleeve and a lens, wherein the objective lens mounting assembly is arranged on the shell and comprises a supporting sleeve fixed on the shell, a driving sleeve matched with the supporting sleeve in a manner of being driven to rotate relatively, and the positioning sleeve is sleeved in the driving sleeve in a threaded manner and used for positioning and fixing an imaging objective lens, and the positioning sleeve is sleeved in the supporting sleeve in a manner of being axially movable and being fixed in the circumferential direction; the optical filter I and the optical filter II are both installed through an optical filter installation bracket which is detachably connected with a shell of the spectrometer, the optical filter is installed on the installation bracket through a pressing ring, the spectral imager further comprises a base, a light source component and a beam splitting prism I are both arranged on the base, the light source component further comprises a collimating lens group, a cold light source emits a beam of luminous light, the light is changed into parallel light through the collimating lens group, and then the light is changed into linearly polarized light through a polarizing plate; the incidence direction of the linearly polarized light reflected by the beam splitter prism I is vertical to the emergent direction; the light source component is integrally arranged on the mounting seat of the beam-splitting prism I.
2. The dual band polarization-based spectroscopic imager of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a focusing driving assembly for driving the driving sleeve to rotate so as to enable the positioning sleeve to axially move relative to the supporting sleeve for focusing, wherein the focusing driving assembly comprises a driven bevel gear fixed with the circumference of the driving sleeve, a driving bevel gear meshed with the driven bevel gear in a mode of perpendicularly intersecting an axis, and a driving shaft fixed with the circumference of the driving bevel gear and extending out of the shell.
3. The dual band polarization-based spectroscopic imager of claim 2, wherein: the positioning sleeve comprises a positioning sleeve body provided with a positioning clamping table therein and a positioning mechanism matched with the positioning clamping table to form positioning locking for the imaging objective, and a clamping arm capable of being clamped between the positioning clamping table and the positioning mechanism to form positioning matching is arranged on the outer side of the cylinder body of the imaging objective.
4. A spectrometry method using the dual band adjustable polarization based spectroscopic imager of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, calibrating an interested area of a detected target to be detected;
s2, acquiring spectrum data in a resting state of a detected target without stimulation, and processing to acquire a spectrum baseline value Rr of each pixel point in the region of interest;
s3, acquiring spectrum data under the activation state of a stimulated detected target, and processing to acquire an activation spectrum value Ra of each pixel point in the region of interest;
s4, comparing an activated spectrum value Ra of each pixel point in the region of interest in an activated state with a spectrum baseline value Rr of each pixel point in the region of interest in a resting state, and calculating a difference Rd of each pixel point, wherein Rd=Ra-R0;
s5, giving a pseudo color to the difference Rd of each pixel point, and reconstructing to form a difference topographic map.
5. The spectrometry method according to claim 4, wherein: step S2 comprises the steps of:
s2-1, adopting dual-band spectrum channels with different spectrum values to simultaneously and continuously collect spectrum data and approving each frame of spectrum picture through a calibration point under the state of not stimulating the detected target;
s2-2, continuously collecting spectrum pictures and after approval, extracting a spectrum value of each pixel point of the region of interest;
s2-3, carrying out ratio on the spectrum values of the pixel points at the same position of the spectrum photo acquired at the same time point of the dual-band spectrum channel, continuously adding the ratio of the pixel points at the same position, and calculating an average value to obtain the spectrum baseline value Rr.
6. The spectrometry method according to claim 5, wherein: the step S3 includes the steps of: in the stimulated state, repeating the steps S2-1 to S2-3, and finally continuously adding the obtained ratios at all time points and calculating the average value to obtain the activation spectrum value Ra.
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