CN106894108A - Core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106894108A CN106894108A CN201710085436.9A CN201710085436A CN106894108A CN 106894108 A CN106894108 A CN 106894108A CN 201710085436 A CN201710085436 A CN 201710085436A CN 106894108 A CN106894108 A CN 106894108A
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- Prior art keywords
- core
- cortex
- composite fiber
- nanofiber
- skin
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/02—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from cellulose, cellulose derivatives, or proteins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
Abstract
The present invention relates to textile material field, more particularly to a kind of core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface and preparation method thereof；The core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface, including sandwich layer, it is also wrapped in the nanofiber cortex of sandwich layer outer surface, nanofiber cortex is made up of nanofibers stacking, the average diameter of the nanofibers is 100~500nm, the preparation method of the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface, including step 1) prepare core-skin composite fiber, by melt spinning in cortex raw material and core layer raw material input double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine, the core-skin composite fiber being made up of sandwich layer and cortex is obtained；2) core-skin composite fiber is immersed in acetone soln, using the core-skin composite fiber that nanofiber surface is obtained after the acetylbutyrylcellulose in acetone extract cortex.The composite fibre had not only had larger specific surface area but also had had preferable mechanical performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to textile material field, more particularly to a kind of nanofiber surface core-skin composite fiber and its preparation
Method.
Background technology
At present, fiber is widely used in weaving, packaging, health care, automobile, electronic apparatus, security protection, environment guarantor
The fields such as shield, and with the progress of society, the raising of living standards of the people needs increasingly to the differential of fiber, functionalization
It is high.The generation of core-skin composite fiber promotes the differential development of fiber, and core-skin composite fiber is by two kinds of groups of cortex and sandwich layer
Divide and constitute, fiber can be made to have two kinds of partial properties of material of cortex and sandwich layer concurrently, assign the more combining properties of fiber.At present,
The widely used skin-core structure fiber of in the market be doughnut, superfine fibre, artificial wool and refractory fibre, due to
Core-skin fibre has pliability strong, and mechanical property is excellent, and the features such as low production cost, researcher is gradually applied in electricity core-skin fibre
The fields such as pole material, sensor and water process, but, the fiber surface of traditional skin-core structure is all smooth, is deposited
In the small shortcoming of specific surface area, it is impossible to preferably realize sensing, conductive, the function of absorption.
The content of the invention
To solve problem above, it is an object of the invention to provide the core-skin composite fiber and its system of a kind of nanofiber surface
Preparation Method, the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface has larger specific surface area again with preferable mechanical performance.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that：
The core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface, including sandwich layer, it is also wrapped in the Nanowire of sandwich layer outer surface
Dimension cortex, the nanofiber cortex is made up of nanofibers stacking, the average diameter of the nanofibers for 100~
500nm；The sandwich layer be polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and polyamide in one kind, the nanofiber cortex be polypropylene,
One kind in polyethylene, polyester and polyamide；A diameter of 0.05~5mm of the sandwich layer.
Preferably, the nanofiber cortex is same material with sandwich layer.
The preparation method of the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface, comprises the following steps：
1) core-skin composite fiber is prepared：
Weigh cortex raw material：In mass ratio, cortex polymer is weighed：Acetylbutyrylcellulose is 1:9~2:3, mixing is equal
It is even to obtain cortex raw material；
By melt spinning in cortex raw material and core layer raw material input double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine, cortex raw material is through double
Twin-screw extrusion in component core-skin type composite spinning machine, core layer raw material is through the single screw rod in double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine
Extrusion, obtains the core-skin composite fiber being made up of sandwich layer and cortex；The cortex polymer be polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and
One kind in polyamide, the core layer raw material is the one kind in polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and polyamide；
2) core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface is prepared：
Core-skin composite fiber is immersed in acetone soln, using the acetylbutyrylcellulose in acetone extract cortex after,
Cortex forms nanofiber cortex, after drying, obtains the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface.
Preferably, the cortex raw material is 1 with the mass ratio of core layer raw material:4~4:1.
Preferably, the temperature of the melt spinning is 200~300 DEG C.
Preferably, the core layer raw material is same material with cortex polymer.Core layer raw material is with cortex polymer
More preferably, attaching is more for the composite effect of core-skin two-layer in the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface obtained in same material
Tightly.
Preferably, the average diameter of nanofibers is 100~500nm, the sandwich layer in the nanofiber cortex
A diameter of 0.05~5mm.
The advantage of the invention is that：
1, the present invention passes through the composite fibre of double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine weaving skin-core structure, and cortex passes through
Cortex forms nanofiber cortex after acetone extract acetylbutyrylcellulose；The nanofibers of cortex increase composite fibre
Specific surface area, sandwich layer can improve the intensity of composite fibre again, therefore, compared with traditional fiber, the composite fibre both had
Larger specific surface area has preferable mechanical performance again.
2, the present invention realizes outer layer loose structure, and outer layer shape using acetylbutyrylcellulose with the method for polymer blending
Average diameter into nanofibers is 100~500nm, and nano level nanofibers have excellent characterization of adsorption, if through
Cross functional materials treatment, the nano level pore space structure can adsorbed close functional materials so as to realize special function, such as
Conduction, it is hydrophilic, it is hydrophobic, you can in special weaving face fabric, sense, the field such as ultracapacitor is applied.
3, mass ratio, cortex polymer：Acetylbutyrylcellulose is 1:9~2:3, acetate butyrate fiber in the range of this
Used as marine facies, used as island phase, by blending extrusion drawing-off, calorific value is separated cortex polymer element, and cortex polymer is dispersed into
Nanofibers structure, after acetylbutyrylcellulose is extracted by acetone, forms nanofiber cortex, if mass ratio is less than 1:
9, the nano fibrous membrane of outer layer is excessively rare, if mass ratio is more than 2:3, then acetylbutyrylcellulose be uniformly dispersed in outer layer
In polymer, and continuous phase can not be formed, after acetone extract, it is impossible to form nanofibers structure but form hole knot
Structure.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is step 1 in embodiment 1~4) cross-sectional view of core-skin composite fiber that obtains；
Fig. 4 is the electron microscope of the core-skin composite fiber of the nanofiber surface that embodiment 4 is obtained；
Each part numbers are as follows in figure：Sandwich layer 1, cortex 2, nanofiber cortex 3.
Specific embodiment
To more fully understand the present invention, invention is described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing and instantiation.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface, comprises the following steps：
1) core-skin composite fiber is prepared：
Weigh cortex raw material：In mass ratio, polypropylene 100g and acetylbutyrylcellulose 900g is weighed, it is well mixed to obtain
Cortex raw material；
Core layer raw material：Weigh polypropylene 1000g；
By cortex raw material and core layer raw material input double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine in, 200 DEG C of melt spinnings, periblem
, through the twin-screw extrusion in double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine, core layer raw material is through in double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine for material
The core-skin composite fiber (as shown in Figure 3) being made up of sandwich layer 1 and cortex 2 is obtained after Single screw extrusion；
2) core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface is prepared：
Core-skin composite fiber is immersed in acetone soln, using the acetylbutyrylcellulose in acetone extract cortex 2 after,
Cortex 2 forms nanofiber cortex 3, after drying, obtains the core-skin composite fiber (such as Fig. 2) of nanofiber surface.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, a diameter of 1mm of sandwich layer 1, the average diameter of nanofibers is in nanofiber cortex 3
500nm。
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface, comprises the following steps：
1) core-skin composite fiber is prepared：
Weigh cortex raw material：In mass ratio, polyethylene 400g and acetylbutyrylcellulose 600g is weighed, it is well mixed to obtain
Cortex raw material；
Core layer raw material：Weigh polyethylene 4000g；
By cortex raw material and core layer raw material input double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine in, 250 DEG C of melt spinnings, periblem
, through the twin-screw extrusion in double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine, core layer raw material is through in double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine for material
The core-skin composite fiber (as shown in Figure 3) being made up of sandwich layer 1 and cortex 2 is obtained after Single screw extrusion；
2) core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface is prepared：
Core-skin composite fiber is immersed in acetone soln, using the acetylbutyrylcellulose in acetone extract cortex 2 after,
Cortex 2 forms nanofiber cortex 3, after drying, obtains the core-skin composite fiber (such as Fig. 2) of nanofiber surface.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, a diameter of 5mm of sandwich layer 1, the average diameter of nanofibers is in nanofiber cortex 3
300nm。
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface, comprises the following steps：
1) core-skin composite fiber is prepared：
Weigh cortex raw material：In mass ratio, polyester 200g and acetylbutyrylcellulose 800g is weighed, it is well mixed to obtain skin
Layer raw material；
Core layer raw material：Weigh polyester 250g；
By cortex raw material and core layer raw material input double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine in, 300 DEG C of melt spinnings, periblem
, through the twin-screw extrusion in double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine, core layer raw material is through in double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine for material
The core-skin composite fiber (as shown in Figure 3) being made up of sandwich layer 1 and cortex 2 is obtained after Single screw extrusion；
2) core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface is prepared：
Core-skin composite fiber is immersed in acetone soln, using the acetylbutyrylcellulose in acetone extract cortex 2 after,
Cortex 2 forms nanofiber cortex 3, after drying, obtains the core-skin composite fiber (such as Fig. 2) of nanofiber surface.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, a diameter of 0.05mm of sandwich layer 1, the average diameter of nanofibers is in nanofiber cortex 3
100nm。
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface, comprises the following steps：
1) core-skin composite fiber is prepared：
Weigh cortex raw material：In mass ratio, kymene 00g and acetylbutyrylcellulose 700g is weighed, it is well mixed to obtain
Cortex raw material；
Prepare core layer raw material：Weigh polyamide 2000g；
By cortex raw material and core layer raw material input double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine in, 300 DEG C of melt spinnings, periblem
, through the twin-screw extrusion in double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine, core layer raw material is through in double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine for material
The core-skin composite fiber (as shown in Figure 3) being made up of sandwich layer 1 and cortex 2 is obtained after Single screw extrusion；
2) core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface is prepared：
Core-skin composite fiber is immersed in acetone soln, using the acetylbutyrylcellulose in acetone extract cortex 2 after,
Cortex 2 forms nanofiber cortex 3, after drying, obtains the core-skin composite fiber (such as Fig. 2) of nanofiber surface.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, a diameter of 2mm of sandwich layer 1, the average diameter of nanofibers is in nanofiber cortex 3
200nm。
The electron microscope of the core-skin composite fiber of the nanofiber surface that embodiment 4 is obtained is as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment described above only expresses several embodiments of the invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Therefore the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for one of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention
Shield scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface, including sandwich layer, it is characterised in that：It is also wrapped in outside sandwich layer
The nanofiber cortex on surface, the nanofiber cortex is made up of nanofibers stacking, the nanofibers it is flat
A diameter of 100~500nm；The sandwich layer is the one kind in polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and polyamide, the nanofiber
Cortex is the one kind in polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and polyamide；A diameter of 0.05~5mm of the sandwich layer.
2. the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The nanofiber skin
Layer is same material with sandwich layer.
3. a kind of preparation method of the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
1) core-skin composite fiber is prepared：
Weigh cortex raw material：In mass ratio, cortex polymer is weighed：Acetylbutyrylcellulose is 1:9~2:3, it is well mixed
To cortex raw material；
By melt spinning in cortex raw material and core layer raw material input double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine, cortex raw material is through double-component
Twin-screw extrusion in core-skin type composite spinning machine, core layer raw material is squeezed through the single screw rod in double-component core-skin type composite spinning machine
Go out, obtain the core-skin composite fiber being made up of sandwich layer and cortex；The cortex polymer is polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and gathers
One kind in acid amides, the core layer raw material is the one kind in polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and polyamide；
2) core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface is prepared：
Core-skin composite fiber is immersed in acetone soln, after the acetylbutyrylcellulose in acetone extract cortex, cortex
Nanofiber cortex is formed, after drying, the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface is obtained.
4. the preparation method of the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described
Cortex raw material is 1 with the mass ratio of core layer raw material:4~4:1.
5. the preparation method of the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described
The temperature of melt spinning is 200~300 DEG C.
6. the preparation method of the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described
Core layer raw material is same material with cortex polymer.
7. the preparation method of the core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described
The average diameter of nanofibers is 100~500nm, a diameter of 0.05~5mm of the sandwich layer in nanofiber cortex.
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| CN201710085436.9A CN106894108A (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2017-02-17 | Core-skin composite fiber of nanofiber surface and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN108374210A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-08-07 | 武汉纺织大学 | The preparation method of super imitative cotton long filament |
| CN108842242A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-20 | 武汉纺织大学 | Nano-fibre yams and preparation method thereof |
| CN111139550A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-12 | 江苏众恒可来比家具有限公司 | Self-cleaning polyester fiber for filling bedding and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106048778A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-10-26 | 武汉纺织大学 | Porous adsorptive fibers and preparation method thereof |
| CN106087453A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 武汉纺织大学 | A kind of thermoplastic block copolymers micro/nano fibrous membrane material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108842242A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-20 | 武汉纺织大学 | Nano-fibre yams and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170627 |