CN106882890A - A kind of freezing microwave centrifugal compound method for desalting seawater and device based on cold energy of liquefied natural gas - Google Patents
A kind of freezing microwave centrifugal compound method for desalting seawater and device based on cold energy of liquefied natural gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN106882890A CN106882890A CN201710184577.6A CN201710184577A CN106882890A CN 106882890 A CN106882890 A CN 106882890A CN 201710184577 A CN201710184577 A CN 201710184577A CN 106882890 A CN106882890 A CN 106882890A
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 3
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/22—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by freezing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/302—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with microwaves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of freezing microwave centrifugal compound method for desalting seawater and device based on cold energy of liquefied natural gas.Low-temperature receiver needed for the present invention by the use of the LNG cold energy of low cost as the compound desalination process of the seawater based on refrigerating process, on this basis, change the enclosed construction of salt born of the same parents from ice body inside with microwave processing process, form it into the passage of connection, it is last that salt born of the same parents are separated with mechanical centrifugal effect, improve the purity of remaining ice.Integrated use of the present invention freezing, microwave treatment and centrifugation desalting technology, it is easy to control, step is simple, energy-conserving and environment-protective, each flow of desalination can be regulated and controled under cold conditions, greatly shorten whole desalination flow required for time, reduce centrifuge speed, and optimized by the parameter to de-salting operations at different levels, equipment with high desalinization and high efficiency, the balance for reducing engineering cost, saving the factor such as energy consumption, convenient to carry out are realized, is worth with extremely strong commercial introduction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the crossing domain of Oil ＆ Gas Storage, Engineering Thermophysics and water technology, and in particular to a kind of base
In the freezing-microwave-centrifugal compound method for desalting seawater and device of cold energy of liquefied natural gas.
Background technology
LNG is the liquified natural gas under normal pressure, low temperature (- 162 DEG C), into pipeline, as fuel or chemical industry original
Used after gasification is both needed to before material, the cold energy of 830kJ/kg can be discharged during LNG gasification in theory.Imported L NG receiving stations typically build
Near harbour, the cold energy of LNG gasification release is typically directly discharged into seawater, with the continuous expansion of receiving station's scale, greatly
The cold energy of amount constitutes influence to the ecological environment of surrounding waters.If this part cold energy can be used for into desalinization, can both subtract
Influence of the light LNG cold energy to harbour surrounding waters ecological environment can reduce the cost of freezing desalinization again, with energy-conservation, section
Water, reduction carbon emission, the meaning of comprehensive energy utilization resource.With natural gas in China's primary energy consumption structure institute's accounting
Heavy increases substantially, and coastal area imported L NG harbours quickly grow, and this is to carry out industrialized desalinization using freezing
There is provided the opportunity of development.
Freezing desalination as desalinization one of method, low-temperature receiver can use natural cold source and artificial cold source, the former
Limited by geographic climate, it is difficult to which industrialization on a large scale is used, the latter needs to consume the substantial amounts of energy that (process of refrigerastion is often needed
Consume high-grade electric energy).LNG receiving stations can be to provide the low-temperature receiver of low cost using freezing desalinization, but merely
Freezing compared with embrane method (such as reverse osmosis membrane) and hot method (such as low-temperature multiple-effect distillation), its salt rejection rate is relatively low, fails
Method for desalting seawater as main flow.Therefore freezing is combined with follow-up desalination process, constructing technology is economically viable high de-
Salt rate is combined desalinating process, is to realize carrying out Seawater Desalination Industrialization problem demanding prompt solution using LNG cold energy.
The gravity desalinization technique, it is necessary to pass through that prior art is used consume the energy create a hot environment or using ice with
The temperature difference of environment carries out heating in natural environment to ice makes its partial melting.If using natural temperature differential, environment temperature is straight
Connect the thawing speed of influence ice body and then influence desalination speed, and carry out heating using the energy and be more easily controlled and improve desalination work
The speed of skill, but need to increase operating cost.Northern Part of China winter environment temperature is relatively low, and gravity is carried out using nature thermal source
Desalination can cause desalination processes slowly, if improving temperature with conventional heating mode carries out gravity desalinization process, make unavoidably
Into the waste of the energy.
Meanwhile, gravity desalinization melts speed due to depending directly on the thawing of ice with the ice surface of extraneous directly contact
Internal speed of melting is slow soon, is unfavorable for from inside opening salt born of the same parents' structure, in addition it is also necessary to be formed being smashed by the ice of gravity desalinization
Uniform crystal ice granule, and fully removing could be realized using centrifugal speed higher in follow-up centrifugation desalting steps, lead
Cause complex process and time-consuming.
At present, it would be highly desirable to develop a kind of more efficiently and beneficial to the compound method for desalting seawater of large-scale industrialization promotion.
The content of the invention
Apparatus of the present invention flow is intended to overcome defect of the prior art, and make full use of that LNG gasification process discharged is big
Amount cold energy, using indirect heat transfer mode snap frozen seawater, and comprehensive utilization microwave treatment and centrifugation desalination skill on this basis
Art, finally gives the freshwater resources for meeting part industrial and agricultural production or civilian requirement, and industrialized production is ensured to greatest extent
Continuity simultaneously reduces the cost of post processing.
Specifically, it is light the invention provides a kind of freezing-microwave-centrifugal compound seawater based on cold energy of liquefied natural gas
Change method, the method is comprised the following steps：
(1) liquefied natural gas and secondary refrigerant are fully carried out into indirect heat exchange, obtains gaseous natural gas and transmit cold
After to secondary refrigerant, then the secondary refrigerant and seawater are fully carried out into indirect heat exchange, be ice and concentrated seawater by seawater freezing；Ice
After water is separated, concentrated seawater is reclaimed, ice is standby；
(2) step (1) gained ice is taken, microwave treatment is carried out with microwave processing equipment；Withdrawal liquid, remaining ice is standby；
(3) the remaining ice of step (2) is carried out into centrifugal treating, separates frozen water while centrifugation；Withdrawal liquid, it is remaining
Ice it is standby；
(4) the remaining ice of step (3) is melted completely, you can.
The original salinity of seawater of the present invention is 3~3.5%.
Step (1) the of the present invention indirect heat exchange is specifically referred to：Participate in heat exchange liquefied natural gas and secondary refrigerant, with
And the heat transfer process that secondary refrigerant is carried out with seawater in the case where being not directly contacted with.Indirect heat exchange of the present invention should be abundant
Carry out, and ensure that exchanged energy is sufficiently used for the cooling freezing process of seawater.
The secondary refrigerant circulation be able to can be also used without phase transformation circulation using there is phase transformation to circulate.Refrigerant should be selected as far as possible
With stabilization, nontoxic Single Medium or blending agent, there is the phase transition temperature under phase transformation circulatory mediator operating pressure to meet system
It is required that, preferably propane or R410a refrigerants, more preferably R410a refrigerants are preferably anhydrous without phase transformation circulatory mediator
Ethanol.
Microwave treatment is applied to step (2) of the present invention the intermediate link of the compound desalination of sea ice, by microwave treatment from interior
Portion opens the passage of salt born of the same parents discharge, quickly makes the effect that ice body is loosely organized, accelerates desalination process, improve centrifugation desalination.Meanwhile,
Trash ice step after conventional articulated gravity desalination can be omitted using microwave treatment, by remaining ice after microwave treatment directly at low turn
Excellent desalting effect is obtained by being centrifuged in speed, short time.In addition, there is bactericidal action using microwave treatment, favorably
In water quality is improved, the pollution of microorganism is reduced, control the growth and breeding of microorganism.
Because the ice property being prepared from using step of the present invention (1) methods described is special, in order that salt born of the same parents therein fill
Divide and open, the microwave of selected frequency 2450MHz of the present invention is processed.Preferably, the time of the treatment can be 1~10min,
More preferably 1~4min.
In practical operation, the input power of the microwave processing equipment can be by practical operation situation or according to equipment in itself
Performance selected.Used as a kind of preferred embodiment, the input power of the microwave processing equipment can be carried out according to equation below
Estimation:
In the formula：
P refers to the input power of microwave processing equipment, kw；
Constant 3.17 refers to sea-water ice specific heat, about 3.17kJ/ (kg. DEG C)；
Constant 343.05 refers to sea-water ice latent heat, about 343.05kJ/kg；
ticeRefer to ice temperature, DEG C；Can be obtained by actual measurement；
φ refers to theoretical thawing rate, %；Can in the range of 10~90% any value；
G refers to the ice amount of microwave treatment, kg；Can be obtained by actual weighing；
T refers to the time of microwave treatment, s；Specific process time of the present invention is substituted into；
η is the efficiency of microwave processing equipment, can use 55%~65%.
The electric energy that microwave treatment of the present invention is utilized preferably LNG cold energy generations or renewable energy power generation.
Sea ice of the present invention after using microwave treatment freezing, change its internal salt born of the same parents' enclosed construction on the basis of, use
Mechanical centrifugal method separates salt born of the same parents.The speed of step (3) described centrifugation is 1000~3000r/min；Preferably, the centrifugation tool
Body is：1~3min is centrifuged under the conditions of 1500~2500r/min.
Used as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, methods described comprises the following steps：
(1) seawater that original salinity is 3~3.5% is taken；Liquefied natural gas is fully changed indirectly with secondary refrigerant
Heat, after obtaining gaseous natural gas and cold being passed into secondary refrigerant, then the secondary refrigerant and seawater is fully carried out indirectly
Heat exchange, is ice and concentrated seawater by seawater freezing；After frozen water is separated, concentrated seawater is reclaimed, ice is standby；
(2) step (1) gained ice is taken, 1~4min of microwave treatment is carried out with the microwave processing equipment of frequency 2450MHz；Return
Liquid is received, remaining ice is standby；
(3) take step (2) the remaining ice of gained, be centrifuged 1~3min under the conditions of 1500~2500r/min, centrifugation it is same
When separate frozen water；Withdrawal liquid, remaining ice is standby；
(4) step (3) the remaining ice of gained is melted completely, you can.
The program is controlled and is optimized by the treatment conditions to each step, in abundant reduces cost, energy consumption, emission reduction
On the basis of environmental protection, it is possible to achieve compared with equipment with high desalinization, while obtaining fresh-water recovery rate higher.
Salt rejection rate of the present invention refers to：The concentration of salt accounts for the percentage of the original salinity of seawater in gained water after treatment.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of freezing-microwave-centrifugal compound seawater based on cold energy of liquefied natural gas
Desalting plant.
Specifically, described device includes the seawater supply system, seawater freezing and the microwave centrifugation desalination system that are linked in sequence
System and freshwater system.Described device also includes the liquefied natural gas gasifying system and secondary refrigerant for the seawater freezing energy supply
The circulatory system.
The seawater freezing and microwave centrifugation desalination system are the core of device of the present invention, including the system being linked in sequence
Ice maker, frozen water separator, microwave processing equipment and filtering type centrifugation desalter.
Indirect heat exchanger is included in the ice machine；The side of the indirect heat exchanger is the secondary refrigerant circulatory system, separately
Side is seawater distribution device and mechanical deicing's device.Between the indirect heat exchanger can be realized between secondary refrigerant and seawater
Connect heat exchange.
In order to realize efficient desalination, simplify process step, in seawater freezing of the present invention and microwave centrifugation desalination system,
Conveyer belt for transporting ice can both preferably make the pore structure of frozen water natural separation, make to melt during ice is transported
A small amount of moisture and the ice for obtaining are directly separated.
The liquefied natural gas gasifying system provides energy for the seawater freezing.The system is cooled down including secondary refrigerant
Device；The secondary refrigerant cooler is high pressure resistant, low temperature resistant indirect type heat exchanger, can be using classes such as board-like, plate-fin, shell-and-tubes
The heat exchanger of type.
The side of the secondary refrigerant cooler is natural gas Phase Transition Systems；The arrival end of the natural gas Phase Transition Systems with
Storage tank in liquefied natural gas receiving station is connected, and the port of export is connected with natural gas transportation pipe network.Liquefied natural gas is by after pressurization
Into secondary refrigerant cooler, it is gaseous natural gas, output to gas delivering pipe to be gasified by the heat for absorbing secondary refrigerant
Net.The opposite side of the secondary refrigerant cooler is the secondary refrigerant circulatory system.
The secondary refrigerant circulatory system is peripheral passage；In from secondary refrigerant cooler to the stage of ice machine, bag
Containing the connected fluid reservoir of order, secondary refrigerant pump and non-return valve.The secondary refrigerant circulatory system is contained within the secondary cold of circulation
Medium；The side of ice making machine heat exchanger is input into through secondary refrigerant pump, enthalpy is raised after absorbing the heat in seawater, is recycled into
Secondary refrigerant cooler, wherein reduces the heat transfer absorbed from seawater to enthalpy after liquefied natural gas, so circulation.
Above-mentioned cyclic process can be realized between ice machine and secondary refrigerant cooler by the circulating transfer heat being carried out continuously
The energy makes full use of.
In the actual moving process of the seawater freezing and microwave centrifugation desalination system, seawater passes through seawater distribution device
The surface of ice machine indirect heat exchanger side is uniformly distributed in, is lowered the temperature after absorbing the cold of secondary refrigerant medium, part seawater
Frozen in heat exchanger surface；After ice is separated with the concentrated seawater that do not freeze in frozen water separator, microwave processing equipment is delivered to, passed through
Microwave treatment makes ice body loosely organized, and the passage of salt born of the same parents discharge is opened from the inside of ice；Ice was delivered to by conveyer
Filter formula is centrifuged desalter, using centrifugal action, ice is sufficiently separated with salt born of the same parents.Above-mentioned desalting steps and equipment are simple, and
Because microwave can integrally be heated to material, the enclosed construction that salt born of the same parents are opened from inside is not only facilitated, and eliminate often
The heat conduction time of heating is advised, the time of whole desalination processes is also saved；Other microwave can directly heat material does not make casing
Be heated, thermal energy conversion efficiency that material is heated it is high, energy saving；Compared to simple freeze desalination method, sea is substantially increased
The salt rejection rate of water, the fresh water of production can reach part industrial and agricultural production and civilian requirement.
The freshwater system includes dip tank.Remaining ice melts completely in dip tank after step (3) centrifugal treating
After obtain fresh water, then export to after-treatment system or directly exported to user by water pump and water supply network by pipeline.It is described
Dip tank inside sets former seawater desuperheating coil, seawater is carried out heat exchange with ice to be melted before ice machine is entered, and makes sea
Water precooling and ice-melt are carried out simultaneously, realize making full use of for the energy.Auxiliary heating dish can also be set inside the dip tank
Pipe, when the heat required for the heat of pending seawater in former seawater desuperheating coil can not meet ice-melt, it is necessary to start auxiliary
Heating coil carries out auxiliary heating；The thermal source of the auxiliary heating coil should preferentially using regenerative resource, works such as solar energy
Sparetime/waste thermal energy or other low grade heat energies.
Former seawater in the seawater supply system sequentially passes through the former seawater precooling in concentrated seawater collection box and dip tank
Coil pipe is connected with the seawater distribution device in ice machine.Pending seawater is by the former seawater in concentrated seawater collection box and dip tank
Ice to be melted realizes indirect heat exchange in desuperheating coil, with concentrated seawater and dip tank, can make seawater enter ice machine before
Precooling is realized, so that improves ice machine goes out ice rate, while reclaiming the cold in concentrated seawater, being fresh water by ice-out, is realized
The energy makes full use of, while ensure that the seawater salinity stabilization into ice machine.
Former seawater can be pre-processed before seawater supply system is entered.
Device of the present invention also includes concentrated seawater recovery system.The concentrated seawater recovery system is reclaimed including concentrated seawater
Case；The entrance of the concentrated seawater collection box is exported with the concentrated seawater of frozen water separator, microwave processing equipment and filtering type centrifugation are de-
The liquid outlet of salt device and the fluid collection device of transmission belt are connected；The outlet of the concentrated seawater collection box exports concentrated seawater
After recycled.Concentrated seawater obtained by the present invention is by after the recycling of concentrated seawater recovery system, can further add
Work is utilized, and is such as delivered to salt manufacturing or salinization factory.
Device of the present invention can be used to implement method of the present invention.
The method and device that the present invention is provided is combined light by the use of the LNG cold energy of low cost as the seawater based on refrigerating process
Low-temperature receiver needed for chemical industry skill, on this basis, the enclosed construction of salt born of the same parents is changed with microwave processing process from ice body inside, is formed it into
The passage of connection, finally separates salt born of the same parents with mechanical centrifugal effect, improves the purity of remaining ice, is easy to control, and step is simple, energy-conservation
Environmental protection, each flow that can be under cold conditions to desalinating regulates and controls, and shortens the process time, and by fading operations at different levels
Parameter optimize, realize equipment with high desalinization and reduce engineering cost, time-consuming and energy consumption, the factor such as convenient to carry out it is flat
Weighing apparatus, is worth with extremely strong commercial introduction.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the freezing-microwave-centrifugal compound sea water desalinating unit based on LNG cold energy；In figure：1st, secondary refrigerant cooling
Device；2nd, ice machine；3rd, frozen water separator；4th, microwave processing equipment；5th, filtering type centrifugation desalter；6th, dip tank；7th, it is secondary
Refrigerant pump；8th, heating coil is aided in；9th, seawater distribution device；10th, former seawater desuperheating coil；11st, concentrated seawater collection box；12nd, store up
Flow container；13rd, non-return valve.
Specific embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Follow the steps below desalinization：
(1) seawater that original salinity is 3% is taken；By liquefied natural gas and absolute ethyl alcohol indirect heat exchange, gaseous state day is obtained
Right gas and after making the reduction of absolute ethyl alcohol temperature, then the absolute ethyl alcohol is fully carried out into indirect heat exchange with the seawater so that one
Part seawater icing；After frozen water is separated, residual seawater is reclaimed, ice is standby；
(2) step (1) gained ice 505g is taken, is entered with the microwave processing equipment that frequency 2450MHz, input power are 1300W
Row microwave treatment 4min；Withdrawal liquid, remaining ice is standby；
(3) step (2) the remaining ice of gained is taken, 2min is centrifuged under the conditions of 2000r/min, frozen water point is made while centrifugation
From；Withdrawal liquid, remaining ice is standby；
(4) step (3) the remaining ice of gained is melted completely, you can.
After being processed through the present embodiment, the salt rejection rate of seawater is 93.13%；The quality of gained water is step (2) institute after treatment
Take the 8.43% of ice quality.
Embodiment 2
Follow the steps below desalinization：
(1) seawater that original salinity is 3% is taken；By liquefied natural gas and absolute ethyl alcohol indirect heat exchange, gaseous state day is obtained
Right gas and after making the reduction of absolute ethyl alcohol temperature, then the absolute ethyl alcohol is fully carried out into indirect heat exchange with the seawater so that one
Part seawater icing；After frozen water is separated, residual seawater is reclaimed, ice is standby；
(2) step (1) gained ice 500g is taken, is entered with the microwave processing equipment that frequency 2450MHz, input power are 1300W
Row microwave treatment 80s；Withdrawal liquid, remaining ice is standby；
(3) step (2) the remaining ice of gained is taken, 2min is centrifuged under the conditions of 2000r/min, frozen water point is made while centrifugation
From；Withdrawal liquid, remaining ice is standby；
(4) step (3) the remaining ice of gained is melted completely, you can.
After being processed through the present embodiment, the salt rejection rate of seawater is 78.44%；The quality of gained water is step (2) institute after treatment
Take the 40.52% of ice quality.
Embodiment 3
Compared with Example 1, differ only in, the step (2) is specially：Step (1) gained ice 505g is taken, frequency is used
2450MHz, input power carry out microwave treatment 3min for the microwave processing equipment of 1300W；Withdrawal liquid, remaining ice is standby.
After being processed through the present embodiment, the salt rejection rate of seawater is 87.81%；The quality of gained water is step (2) institute after treatment
Take the 16.79% of ice quality.
Embodiment 4
Compared with Example 1, differ only in, the step (2) is specially：Step (1) gained ice 502g is taken, frequency is used
2450MHz, input power carry out microwave treatment 2min for the microwave processing equipment of 1300W；Withdrawal liquid, remaining ice is standby.
After being processed through the present embodiment, the salt rejection rate of seawater is 83.13%；The quality of gained water is step (2) institute after treatment
Take the 29.85% of ice quality.
Embodiment 5
A kind of freezing-microwave-centrifugal compound sea water desalinating unit based on cold energy of liquefied natural gas, (as shown in Figure 1) should
Device includes the seawater supply system, seawater freezing and microwave centrifugation desalination system and the freshwater system that are linked in sequence；The device
Also include the liquefied natural gas gasifying system and the secondary refrigerant circulatory system for seawater freezing energy supply；
The seawater freezing and microwave centrifugation desalination system include the ice machine 2, the frozen water separator 3, microwave that are linked in sequence
Processing equipment 4 and filtering type centrifugation desalter 5；
Indirect heat exchanger is included in the ice machine 2；The side of the indirect heat exchanger is the secondary refrigerant circulatory system, separately
Side is seawater distribution device and mechanical deicing's device；
The liquefied natural gas gasifying system includes secondary refrigerant cooler 1；The secondary refrigerant cooler 1 is board-like knot
Structure, its side is natural gas Phase Transition Systems, and opposite side is the secondary refrigerant circulatory system；The arrival end of the natural gas Phase Transition Systems
It is connected with the storage tank in liquefied natural gas receiving station, the port of export is connected with natural gas transportation pipe network；
The secondary refrigerant circulatory system is peripheral passage, the indirect heat exchanger in from secondary refrigerant cooler to ice machine
Stage in comprising the connected fluid reservoir 12 of order, secondary refrigerant pump 7 and non-return valve 13；
The freshwater system includes dip tank 6；The inside of the dip tank 6 is provided with former seawater desuperheating coil 10 and auxiliary adds
Hot coil 8；
The pre-cooled coil pipe 10 of former seawater of the seawater supply system successively with concentrated seawater and desalination after ice heat exchange after with
The seawater distribution device 9 is connected；
The device also includes concentrated seawater collection box 11；The entrance of the concentrated seawater collection box 11 is dense with frozen water separator 3
The liquid outlet of seawer outlet, microwave processing equipment 4 and filtering type centrifugation desalter 5 and the fluid collection device phase of transmission belt
Even；The outlet of the concentrated seawater collection box 11 is recycled after concentrated seawater is exported.
The device that the method that above-described embodiment 1~4 is provided can be provided using the present embodiment is implemented.
Although above having used general explanation, specific embodiment and experiment, the present invention is made to retouch in detail
State, but on the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this is to those skilled in the art apparent
's.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to claimed
Scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of freezing-microwave-centrifugal compound method for desalting seawater based on cold energy of liquefied natural gas, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
(1) liquefied natural gas and secondary refrigerant are fully carried out into indirect heat exchange, obtains gaseous natural gas and cold is passed to two
After secondary refrigerant, then the secondary refrigerant and seawater are fully carried out into indirect heat exchange, freezing is ice and dense sea after seawater obtains cold
Water；After frozen water is separated, concentrated seawater is reclaimed, ice is standby；
(2) step (1) gained ice is taken, microwave treatment is carried out with microwave processing equipment；Withdrawal liquid, remaining ice is standby；
(3) the remaining ice of step (2) is carried out into centrifugal treating, separates frozen water while centrifugation；Withdrawal liquid, remaining ice
It is standby；
(4) the remaining ice of step (3) is melted completely, you can.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the original salinity of step (1) described seawater is 3~
3.5%.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that step (2) described microwave treatment is to use frequency
The microwave treatment of 2450MHz；
Preferably, the time of the treatment is 1~10min, more preferably 1~4min.
4. the method according to claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterised in that the speed of step (3) described centrifugation is
1000~3000r/min；Preferably, the centrifugation is specially：1~3min is centrifuged under the conditions of 1500~2500r/min.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) seawater that original salinity is 3~3.5% is taken；Liquefied natural gas and secondary refrigerant are fully carried out into indirect heat exchange, is obtained
After passing to secondary refrigerant to gaseous natural gas and by cold, then the secondary refrigerant and seawater are fully carried out into indirect heat exchange,
Freezing is ice and concentrated seawater after seawater obtains cold；After frozen water is separated, concentrated seawater is reclaimed, ice is standby；
(2) step (1) gained ice is taken, with 1~4min of frequency 2450MHz microwave processing equipment microwave treatments；Withdrawal liquid, it is remaining
Ice it is standby；
(3) step (2) the remaining ice of gained is taken, 1~3min is centrifuged under the conditions of 1500~2500r/min, made while centrifugation
Frozen water is separated；Withdrawal liquid, remaining ice is standby；
(4) step (3) the remaining ice of gained is melted completely, you can.
6. a kind of freezing-microwave-centrifugal compound sea water desalinating unit based on cold energy of liquefied natural gas, it is characterised in that described
Device includes the seawater supply system, seawater freezing and microwave centrifugation desalination system and the freshwater system that are linked in sequence；Also include
It is the liquefied natural gas gasifying system and the secondary refrigerant circulatory system of seawater freezing energy supply；
The seawater freezing and microwave centrifugation desalination system include that the ice machine being linked in sequence, frozen water separator, microwave treatment set
Standby and filtering type centrifugation desalter；Indirect heat exchanger is included in the ice machine, the side of the indirect heat exchanger is two
Secondary coolant circulating system, opposite side is seawater distribution device and mechanical deicing's device；
The freshwater system includes dip tank.
7. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the pre-cooled coil pipe of former seawater of the seawater supply system according to
It is connected with the seawater distribution device after the secondary ice heat exchange with after concentrated seawater and desalination.
8. the device according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that the liquefied natural gas gasifying system includes secondary cold
Matchmaker's cooler；
The side of the secondary refrigerant cooler is natural gas Phase Transition Systems, and opposite side is the secondary refrigerant circulatory system；The day
The arrival end of right gas Phase Transition Systems is connected with the storage tank in liquefied natural gas receiving station, and the port of export connects with natural gas transportation pipe network
Connect；
The secondary refrigerant circulatory system is the peripheral passage between the secondary refrigerant cooler and ice machine, from two
Comprising the connected fluid reservoir of order, secondary refrigerant pump and non-return valve in secondary refrigerant cooler to the circulatory system of ice machine.
9. the device according to claim 6~8 any one, it is characterised in that also comprising auxiliary inside the dip tank
Heating coil.
10. the device according to claim 6~9 any one, it is characterised in that described device is also reclaimed including concentrated seawater
System；
The concentrated seawater recovery system includes concentrated seawater collection box；The entrance of the concentrated seawater collection box respectively with frozen water separator
Concentrated seawater outlet, microwave processing equipment and filtering type centrifugation desalter liquid outlet and transmission belt fluid collection device
It is connected；The outlet of the concentrated seawater collection box is recycled after concentrated seawater is exported.
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| CN206915896U (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-01-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司天然气分公司 | A kind of freezing microwave centrifugal compound sea water desalinating unit based on cold energy of liquefied natural gas |
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2017
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| WO2008113395A1 (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2008-09-25 | Technische Universiteit Delft | Process for separating a mixture containing salt |
| CN103851849A (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-06-11 | 北京师范大学 | Centrifugal sea ice desalting method implemented by using microwaves |
| CN104891593A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-09 | 中石化天津液化天然气有限责任公司 | High-desalting-rate seawater desalination method and device based on liquefied natural gas cold energy |
| CN206915896U (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-01-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司天然气分公司 | A kind of freezing microwave centrifugal compound sea water desalinating unit based on cold energy of liquefied natural gas |
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