CN106881876A - The technique that waste or used plastics prepare composite pore structural broad band sound absorption material - Google Patents
The technique that waste or used plastics prepare composite pore structural broad band sound absorption material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106881876A CN106881876A CN201710118536.7A CN201710118536A CN106881876A CN 106881876 A CN106881876 A CN 106881876A CN 201710118536 A CN201710118536 A CN 201710118536A CN 106881876 A CN106881876 A CN 106881876A
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- waste
- sound absorption
- used plastics
- sound
- broad band
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
- B29C67/20—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 for porous or cellular articles, e.g. of foam plastics, coarse-pored
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of utilization waste or used plastics and prepares the technique with composite pore structural and the broad sound-absorbing material of frequency that absorbs sound, and specifically includes mixing, foaming, perforation, back cavity and the operation such as creates into.It is characterized in that：Processed by foaming, perforation, chadless and back cavity, make sound-absorbing material duct crisscross, assign product with the broad band sound absorption effect of good low frequency, intermediate frequency and high frequency, the sound absorption frequency range of material has been widened significantly；Process is simple and easy to apply, and recyclable reprocessing is recycled after not producing the three wastes, finished product discarded；Preparation technology low cost, project installation are simple, and integrated engineering thickness is generally 13 centimetres, and relative density is 0.50 ton/meter3Left and right, it is adaptable to which the construction of the sound absorption facility such as high ferro, urban elevated road, bridge, vcehicular tunnel, building furred ceiling is used.
Description
Technical field
Method and operation that waste or used plastics prepare sound-absorbing material are the present invention relates to the use of, belongs to environmental protection and resource comprehensive
New technology is processed using the solid waste in field, is particularly suitable for the environmentally friendly resource of all kinds of waste high polymers
Change is recycled.
Background technology
In recent years, with the fast development of national economy and stepping up for living standards of the people, problem of noise pollution day
It is aobvious to protrude, one of main Environmental Problems as harm health of people.These noises mainly include traffic noise, man-made noise,
Building noise and domestic noise, its harm be mainly reflected in the hearing and physical and mental health of people are caused damage, to work and study
Interfered with life and building and facility are caused damage.The main method for controlling noise pollution is to set sound absorption material
Material, sound-absorbing porous material, visco-elastic damping material and resonance sound-absorbing mechanism can be divided into by sound absorbing mechanism by sound-absorbing material.Porous suction
Sound material is that a class has surface perforate and internal UNICOM's structure, proportion is small, high frequency acoustic absorptivity is big, but low frequency absorption system
Number is relatively low；Damping sound-absorbing material, due to the in-fighting of material, can vibrate a part or major part when alternate stress effect is undergone
Heat energy can be changed into and consumed, so as to play a part of damping sound absorption；Resonance sound-absorbing mechanism is to absorb sound by resonance effects
Ripple vibrations reach the purpose of sound absorption, and its effect of low-frequency sound absorption is very good, has absworption peak for CF.Sound-absorbing porous material
Because its scope of selecting material is wide, easy to process, effect of low-frequency sound absorption can be made to obtain different degrees of carrying by the moulding treatment in surface
Height, therefore sound-absorbing porous material turns into research and most widely used sound-absorbing material at present.
Waste or used plastics belong to high molecular polymer, can be used to the extensive sound-absorbing porous material of synthesis application.China is annual
Nearly 200,000,000 tons of the waste or used plastics total amount of generation, and recovery total is only 15,000,000 tons, the rate of recovery is less than 10%.According to national environmental protection
Portion counts, and China's disposable plastic film and bubble wrap exceed the 60% of plastics total output then, it is contemplated that 80% it is disposable
Packing articles will go out of use in 1 year.Counted according to Chinese Plastics processing industry association, China only buys vegetables daily will use modeling
Pocket 1,000,000,000, annual consumption disposable lunch-box 15,000,000,000, the fast-moving consumer goods retail whole industry consumes polybag about 500 every year
Hundred million.At present, the main methods of discarded macromolecular material have three kinds, i.e. landfill disposal, energy recovery and regeneration.
Landfill method is the main processing method of current discarded object, but high molecular waste material generally has water insoluble, corrosion-resistant, landfill not
Easily the characteristic such as decomposition, considerably increases the usage cycles of landfill yard, and landfill method needs land occupation in itself, such as mishandling
Certain harm can also be caused.Energy recovery mainly includes cracking and energy recovery.Cracking is divided into the methods such as thermal cracking and alcoholysis again,
Suitable for plastic products such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, mainly macromolecular structure is broken, in the effect of catalyst
Under resolve into gaseous hydrocarbon, synthesis group is divided into gasoline, the low-molecular-weight saturation of kerosene and unsaturated hydrocarbons after gaseous hydrocarbon is further decomposed.
Such as the technology for waste plastics being converted into gasoline, kerosene and diesel oil of Japanese fuji circulation company exploitation.Energy recovery is mainly profit
Directly burned with discarded object or reclaim heat energy with the method for unclassified stores mixed combustion.But such method is often produced poisonous to be had
Evil emission, such as bioxin, if not being controlled by, will cause serious harm to ecological environment and human health.Regeneration master
If the high molecular waste material for reclaiming by classification, cleaning, melting, the operation such as decolouring, at a certain temperature, wire drawing, granulation,
Masking can so be effectively reduced product cost to produce other products.But this method labor intensive material resources are larger, and production
Product quality out is often below virgin materials product, can only typically take degradation to use.In consideration of it, the present invention is with discarded modeling
Expect to be raw material, by series of process such as mixing, foaming, perforation, setting back cavities, establish a kind of easy to operate, effect
Rate is high, environmental protection waste plastic prepares the new method of cheap broad band sound absorption material.
The content of the invention
The present invention is largely produced for waste or used plastics, the deficient practical problem of high added value recycle utilization, there is provided
Plant and prepare lightweight, cheap, sound absorption frequency broadness sound-absorbing material preparation technology using waste or used plastics, to solve traditional sound-absorbing material
The shortcoming that thick and heavy, cost is high, sound absorption frequency range is narrow.It is characterized in that：Waste or used plastics and additive are kneaded, is made by foaming
Foamed material, then the treatment of the acoustic construction such as perforated, additional back cavity obtains suitable sound-absorbing material.The material is applied to
The construction of the sound absorption facility such as urban elevated road, bridge, vcehicular tunnel, building furred ceiling is used.
The present invention is completed according to the following steps：
1st, pretreatment procedure：Waste or used plastics are placed in carries out dry clean in rotary screen, remove the impurity of the adhesions such as sandy soil,
Then the further wet-cleaned of plastic cleaning groove is transferred to, then is transferred to the drying of plastics drier, it is standby after air-drying.
2nd, compounding procedure：Cleaning, dried waste or used plastics are transferred in plastic mixer, the formyl of azo two is added
Any one in amine, two azo group benzene, dinitrosopentamethlyene tetramine, addition presses the mass percent of 0.8-2.2%
Calculate, then open power supply and add to 160 DEG C, knead 3-5 minutes.
3rd, foamed process：180 DEG C will be heated in the uniform thick fluid injection mould of above-mentioned mixing, moulded from foam,
Insulation 35-45 minutes, then naturally cools to less than 100 DEG C, the demoulding.
4th, drilling process：By the product utilization cutting machine after the demoulding prune surface skining layer, expose pore structure, Ran Houli
Uniformly stamp the perforation or chadless of a diameter of 0.2-0.4cm in the product with puncher, punch density be 700-1150 holes/
m2, hole is all punched when preparing low frequency absorption material, chadless is all played when preparing high-frequency sound-absorbing material, prepare broad band sound absorption material
Hole is punched in the middle of during material, surrounding plays chadless.
5th, molding procedure：According to practical application and requirement of engineering, the said goods are cut into the plate of 1-3cm thickness
Material, surface polishes smooth, packaging, as finished product.
This method possesses following characteristics：
1st, the raw material for using is waste high polymer plastics, cheap and easy to get, is that can be used through simple surface cleaning.Process
It is simple and easy to apply, the three wastes are not produced, the recyclable reprocessing of finished product is utilized.
2nd, by cavity structure after perforation treatment and additional back, product can be assigned with good effect of low-frequency sound absorption, knot
The excellent high frequency sound absorption characteristics of conventional porous materials are closed, material is possessed the sound absorption frequency range of broadness.
3rd, preparation technology is easy to operate, low cost, project installation are simple, and integrated engineering thickness is generally 1-3 centimetres, relatively
Density is 0.50 ton/meter3Left and right, it is adaptable to non-bearing engineering field.
Present disclosure is expanded on further with reference to Figure of description and embodiment.
Brief description of the drawings
To further appreciate that the present invention, below with Description of Drawings technological process of the invention and the installation side of sound-absorbing material
Formula.
Fig. 1 is the process chart that waste plastic prepares composite pore structural broad band sound absorption material.
Fig. 2 is to absorb the sound-absorbing material scheme of installation based on broadband noise.
Fig. 3 is to absorb the sound-absorbing material scheme of installation based on low-frequency noise.
Fig. 4 is side view when sound-absorbing material is installed, and shows position and the size of back cavity.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described for example given below plan, but is not to be construed as to the scope of the present invention
Limitation, some nonessential improvement and tune that person skilled in art makes according to the content of the invention described above to the present invention
It is whole, still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
It is raw material with discarded agricultural mulching according to Fig. 1 flow charts, natural air drying after being cleaned through water is standby.At 160 DEG C
It is lower to knead 3.6 grams of mulch films and 0.054 gram of azodicarbonamide.After mixing is uniform, mixing materials is made and is similar to mold shape
Flat.Mixing materials are placed in moulded from foam 40 minutes in mould by 180 DEG C of preheated molds after 10 minutes.Foaming is treated certainly after terminating
So 100 DEG C are cooled to bottom knockout.By the material after the demoulding prune surface skining layer, expose pore structure, and beaten on material
A diameter of 0.3cm, 4 perforation of gap uniformity and 12 depth are the shrinkage pool of 5mm, and are installed in back air space thickness
On the sealing rigid support of 10mm.Highest acoustic absorptivity is up to 0.99 (at 900Hz), sound absorption in 200-6400Hz frequency ranges
Peak width is 500Hz or so, and average sound absorption coefficient is up to 0.47 (Fig. 2).
Embodiment 2：
According to Fig. 1 flow charts, with waste polyethylene plastic as raw material, natural air drying after being cleaned with water is standby.160
40 grams of polyethylene and 0.60 gram of azodicarbonamide are kneaded 2 minutes at DEG C, then mixing materials is pressed into and is similar to mould shape
Flat of shape.After mould is preheated 10 minutes under the conditions of 180 DEG C, mixing materials are placed in moulded from foam 40 minutes in mould.Hair
Steep after terminating after naturally cool to 100 DEG C with bottom knockout.By the material after the demoulding prune surface skining layer, expose pore structure,
And 40 gap uniformities, the perforation of a diameter of 0.3cm are played on material, and be the sealing of 10mm installed in back air space thickness
On rigid support.Up to 0.99 (at 900Hz), sound absorption peak width is highest acoustic absorptivity in 160-1280Hz frequency ranges
600Hz or so, average sound absorption coefficient is up to 0.46 (Fig. 3).
In examples detailed above, the raw material can be using high molecular waste materials such as various films, packing plastics, cable insulation wrappers.
The invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, the content can be implemented, and with good effect.
Claims (3)
1. waste or used plastics prepare the technique of composite pore structural broad band sound absorption material, specifically include the following steps：
(1) pre-treatment：Waste or used plastics are placed in carries out dry clean in rotary screen, remove the impurity of the adhesions such as sandy soil, Ran Houzhuan
Enter further wet-cleaned in plastic cleaning groove, it is standby after air-drying；
(2) knead：Above-mentioned dried waste or used plastics are transferred in plastic mixer, azodicarbonamide, two azos are added
Any one in base benzene, dinitrosopentamethlyene tetramine, kneads 3-5 minutes；
(3) foam：By in the uniform thick fluid injection mould of above-mentioned mixing, 180 DEG C are heated to, moulded from foam is incubated 35-
45 minutes, then naturally cool to less than 100 DEG C, the demoulding；
(4) punch：By the product utilization cutting machine after the demoulding prune surface skining layer, expose pore structure, then use puncher
Uniform punching in the product；
(5) it is molded：The said goods are cut into the sheet material of 1-3cm thickness, surface is packed after polishing smooth, as product.
2. waste or used plastics according to claim 1 prepare the technique of composite pore structural broad band sound absorption material, it is characterized in that：Step
Suddenly the addition of foaming agent is the 0.8-2.2% of waste or used plastics quality in (2), and melting temperature is 160 DEG C.
3. waste or used plastics according to claim 1 prepare the technique of composite pore structural broad band sound absorption material, it is characterized in that：Step
Suddenly the hole beaten in (4) is the perforation or chadless of a diameter of 0.2-0.4cm, and punch density is 700-1150 holes/m2, prepare low frequency
Hole is all punched during sound-absorbing material, chadless is all played when preparing high-frequency sound-absorbing material, centre is beaten when preparing broad band sound absorption material
Perforation, surrounding plays chadless.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710118536.7A CN106881876A (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-03-01 | The technique that waste or used plastics prepare composite pore structural broad band sound absorption material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710118536.7A CN106881876A (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-03-01 | The technique that waste or used plastics prepare composite pore structural broad band sound absorption material |
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| CN106881876A true CN106881876A (en) | 2017-06-23 |
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| CN201710118536.7A Pending CN106881876A (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-03-01 | The technique that waste or used plastics prepare composite pore structural broad band sound absorption material |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110875030A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-10 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Sound absorber, preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2712945Y (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-07-27 | 江苏大学 | Perforated sound-absorbing foam aluminum |
| CN103497399A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-08 | 浙江新恒泰新材料有限公司 | Polyethylene foam material prepared by utilizing recycled foam material and production method thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-03-01 CN CN201710118536.7A patent/CN106881876A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2712945Y (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-07-27 | 江苏大学 | Perforated sound-absorbing foam aluminum |
| CN103497399A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-08 | 浙江新恒泰新材料有限公司 | Polyethylene foam material prepared by utilizing recycled foam material and production method thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110875030A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-10 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Sound absorber, preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170623 |