CN106881074A - Solid base catalyst for producing biodiesel, method for producing same, and biodiesel production method using same - Google Patents
Solid base catalyst for producing biodiesel, method for producing same, and biodiesel production method using same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106881074A CN106881074A CN201610111423.XA CN201610111423A CN106881074A CN 106881074 A CN106881074 A CN 106881074A CN 201610111423 A CN201610111423 A CN 201610111423A CN 106881074 A CN106881074 A CN 106881074A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- source
- base catalyst
- sodium
- potassium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 301
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical group [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical group [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010955 niobium Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical group [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical group [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010937 tungsten Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical group [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011733 molybdenum Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical group [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 109
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 86
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 47
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical group [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- CMZUMMUJMWNLFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium metavanadate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][V](=O)=O CMZUMMUJMWNLFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- UKDIAJWKFXFVFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(dioxo)niobium Chemical compound [K+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O UKDIAJWKFXFVFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- UYLYBEXRJGPQSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;oxido(dioxo)niobium Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O UYLYBEXRJGPQSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 peroxide sodium tungstate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UMPKMCDVBZFQOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[K+].[Fe+3] UMPKMCDVBZFQOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- BQFYGYJPBUKISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(dioxo)vanadium Chemical compound [K+].[O-][V](=O)=O BQFYGYJPBUKISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FZQSLXQPHPOTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K+].[K+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 Chemical compound [K+].[K+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 FZQSLXQPHPOTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- HZRMTWQRDMYLNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metaborate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]B=O HZRMTWQRDMYLNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NMHMDUCCVHOJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium molybdate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O NMHMDUCCVHOJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RHDUVDHGVHBHCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium tantalum Chemical compound [Nb].[Ta] RHDUVDHGVHBHCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PNYYBUOBTVHFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium bismuthate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][Bi](=O)=O PNYYBUOBTVHFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GROMGGTZECPEKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium metatitanate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Ti](=O)O[Ti](=O)O[Ti]([O-])=O GROMGGTZECPEKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QLOKJRIVRGCVIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)methyl]piperazine Chemical compound C1=CC(SC)=CC=C1CN1CCNCC1 QLOKJRIVRGCVIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PAJMKGZZBBTTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[2-hydroxy-1-(3-hydroxyoctyl)-2,3,3a,4,9,9a-hexahydro-1h-cyclopenta[g]naphthalen-5-yl]oxy]acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C(OCC(O)=O)C2=C1CC1C(CCC(O)CCCCC)C(O)CC1C2 PAJMKGZZBBTTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OQVYMXCRDHDTTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(diethoxyphosphorylmethyl)-2-[4-(diethoxyphosphorylmethyl)pyridin-2-yl]pyridine Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)CC1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(CP(=O)(OCC)OCC)C=2)=C1 OQVYMXCRDHDTTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002097 Lithium manganese(III,IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SGGPVBOWEPPPEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].[Zr] Chemical compound [K].[Zr] SGGPVBOWEPPPEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hydroxy-[hydroxy(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Al].O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JQVALDCWTQRVQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O JQVALDCWTQRVQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BNBLBRISEAQIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O BNBLBRISEAQIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052629 lepidolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ALTWGIIQPLQAAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N metavanadate Chemical compound [O-][V](=O)=O ALTWGIIQPLQAAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052670 petalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- PXLIDIMHPNPGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium chromate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O PXLIDIMHPNPGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HVTHJRMZXBWFNE-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium zincate Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Na+].[Zn+2] HVTHJRMZXBWFNE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium borate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WQEVDHBJGNOKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K vanadic acid Chemical group O[V](O)(O)=O WQEVDHBJGNOKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 7
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 23
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical group [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 156
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 39
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 30
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 26
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 23
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 13
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 10
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 8
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 235000012254 magnesium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical group O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;oxido(dioxo)vanadium Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][V](=O)=O UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960004643 cupric oxide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;methyl 4-methoxypyridine-2-carboxylate;chloride Chemical compound Cl.COC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=CC=N1 RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000828 canola oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019519 canola oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PSHMSSXLYVAENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;[oxido(oxoboranyloxy)boranyl]oxy-oxoboranyloxyborinate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].O=BOB([O-])OB([O-])OB=O PSHMSSXLYVAENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AAQNGTNRWPXMPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium;dioxido(dioxo)tungsten Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O AAQNGTNRWPXMPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UPWOEMHINGJHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxocobaltiooxy)cobalt Chemical compound O=[Co]O[Co]=O UPWOEMHINGJHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010819 recyclable waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DVWSXZIHSUZZKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 18:3n-3 Natural products CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC DVWSXZIHSUZZKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020429 K2CuO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020435 K2MoO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020423 K2NiO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020494 K2WO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020588 KCrO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003334 KNbO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021144 KVO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002983 Li2MnO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008722 Li2NiO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007848 Li2TiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007786 Li2WO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007834 Li2ZnO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012599 Li3NbO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910011312 Li3VO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910011638 LiCrO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002993 LiMnO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003005 LiNiO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003206 NH4VO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004614 Na2MnO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004619 Na2MoO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004639 Na2NiO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020264 Na2TiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021225 NaCoO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021271 NaCrO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021311 NaFeO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019338 NaMnO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019501 NaVO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019792 NbO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910010252 TiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RQGRRTCEUYEICY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ba].C(C)(=O)OC(C)=O Chemical compound [Ba].C(C)(=O)OC(C)=O RQGRRTCEUYEICY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XWNOTOKFKBDMAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Bi].[N+](=O)(O)[O-] Chemical compound [Bi].[N+](=O)(O)[O-] XWNOTOKFKBDMAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011126 aluminium potassium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005815 base catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZADPBFCGQRWHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N boronic acid Chemical compound OBO ZADPBFCGQRWHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940112669 cuprous oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxosilane oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[K+].[K+].O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZFYOUJTOSBFPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dipotassium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+].[K+] FZFYOUJTOSBFPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mn+2] IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000473 manganese(VI) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010814 metallic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DVWSXZIHSUZZKJ-YSTUJMKBSA-N methyl linolenate Chemical group CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC DVWSXZIHSUZZKJ-YSTUJMKBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052627 muscovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AIBQNUOBCRIENU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ni] AIBQNUOBCRIENU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229940050271 potassium alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NVIFVTYDZMXWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium metaborate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]B=O NVIFVTYDZMXWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VQBIMXHWYSRDLF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;azane;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O VQBIMXHWYSRDLF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- LEDMRZGFZIAGGB-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium carbonate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]C([O-])=O LEDMRZGFZIAGGB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium borate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHIXIJGXTJIKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium vanadate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O IHIXIJGXTJIKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010913 used oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/02—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
- B01J23/04—Alkali metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/082—Decomposition and pyrolysis
- B01J37/088—Decomposition of a metal salt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
- C11C3/10—Ester interchange
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a solid base catalyst for producing biodiesel, a preparation method thereof and a biodiesel production method using the same, wherein the solid base catalyst for producing biodiesel comprises a compound represented by the following chemical formula (1), chemical formula (2) or chemical formula (3): liaXbOc(1)，NaaXbOc(2) Or KaXbOc(3) (ii) a Wherein X is titanium, zirconium, vanadium, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, boron, bismuth, manganese, copper, nickel, zinc, iron, chromium or cobalt, a is a positive integer from 1 to 6, b is a positive integer from 1 to 4 and c is a positive integer from 1 to 7. Therefore, the solid base catalyst for manufacturing the biodiesel has good transesterification effect on oil products, is stable and can be recycled compared with the existing solid base catalyst, and the cost for manufacturing the biodiesel can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solid base catalyst, may be used to manufacture consolidating for biodiesel more particularly, to a kind of
Body alkali catalyst, its preparation method and apply its biodiesel manufacture method.
Background technology
Fossil fuel is current power resources most common in the world, and it is in industrial development, communications and transportation
And agricultural development is all in occupation of critically important status, and then the quality of the life of the lifting mankind causes life energy
It is enough more to facilitate.However, with the quick increased population in the whole world, the usage amount of fossil fuel also begins to
It is significantly increased, but its limits throughput is individual secret worry for a long time.Furthermore, fossil fuel is long-standing
Problem, cannot such as reuse, air pollution, exploitation is difficult, price shakiness is also difficult to achieve a solution.
In comparison, the biodiesel in raw mass-energy has the property close with fossil diesel fuel, and this combustion
Material have reduce pollutant discharge and to health influence, Biodegradable, it is nontoxic, not sulfur-bearing,
The advantages of gaseous contamination produced after burning is low and stores safe, is considered to be not only economic but also tool potentiality
One of energy substitution scheme.
The manufacture of biodiesel is broadly divided into chemical catalysis and living things catalysis, wherein chemical base catalysis because
Have the advantages that transesterification rate high, reaction time are short, be to use wider technology at present.And it is used for chemical bases
The catalyst of catalysis includes liquid type and solid kind, and central solid base catalyst is because with easily separated, recyclable etc.
Feature, welcomes compared with by industry.At present be commonly used for manufacture biodiesel solid base catalyst have calcium oxide,
Lithium carbonate etc., but the air stability of calcium oxide is poor, the moisture in easy absorption air and carbon dioxide and
Failure, and calcium oxide particle large surface area is smaller, overall transesterification rate is relatively low.And the alkalescence of lithium carbonate is strong
Degree is weaker, therefore transesterification less effective.
On the other hand, with the promotion of global economic development, urbanization and public construction, various causes
The be derived discarded object of development, in addition to it may take substantial amounts of soil, must also expend huge clear
Fortune or processing cost, not only causing carrying capacity of environment also relatively influences environmental quality.
In view of this, if can effectively utilize various cause discarded objects prepares institute in biodiesel manufacturing process
The solid base catalyst for needing, can not only mitigate the burden of offal treatment, and can reduce purchase solid base catalyst
Cost, while contribute to again provide energy originate, be to serve multiple.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of solid base catalyst, its preparation side for being used to manufacture biodiesel
Method and its biodiesel manufacture method is applied, there is good transesterification effect for oil product, and more existing
Solid base catalyst is stablized and repeats recycling, can effectively reduce the cost of manufacture biodiesel.
In view of this, one embodiment of the invention is to provide a kind of solid base for manufacturing biodiesel
Catalyst, it includes the compound represented by following chemical formula (1), chemical formula (2) or chemical formula (3)：
LiaXbOc(1),
NaaXbOc(2), or
KaXbOc(3)；
Wherein X can for titanium, zirconium, vanadium, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, boron, bismuth, manganese, copper, nickel, chromium, iron,
Zinc or cobalt, a are 1 to 6 positive integer, the positive integer that b is 1 to 4 positive integer and c is 1 to 7.
According to a foregoing embodiment, solid base catalyst can include lithium titanate, lithium zirconate, bismuthic acid lithium, niobium
Sour lithium, inclined lithium niobate, secondary lithium niobate, burnt lithium niobate, positive lithium vanadate, lithium metavanadate, secondary lithium vanadate,
Tungstate lithium, peroxide tungstate lithium, lithium molybdate, peroxo-polymolybdic acid lithium, lithium borate, lithium metaborate, lithium chromate,
LiMn2O4, cobalt acid lithium, sub- cobalt acid lithium, lithium nickelate, zincic acid lithium, copper acid lithium, cuprous sour lithium, sodium titanate,
Potassium titanate, sodium zirconate, potassium zirconium, sodium bismuthate, bismuthic acid potassium, sodium niobate, potassium niobate, inclined sodium niobate,
Inclined potassium niobate, burnt sodium niobate, burnt potassium niobate, secondary sodium niobate, secondary potassium niobate, positive sodium vanadate, positive vanadic acid
Potassium, sodium metavanadate, potassium metavanadate, secondary sodium vanadate, secondary potassium vanadate, sodium ferrite, peroxide sodium ferrite, iron
Sour potassium, peroxide potassium ferrite, sodium tungstate, potassium tungstate, peroxide sodium tungstate, peroxide potassium tungstate, sodium molybdate,
Potassium molybdate, peroxo-polymolybdic acid sodium, peroxo-polymolybdic acid potassium, sodium tetraborate, dipotassium tetraborate, kodalk, inclined boron
Sour potassium, cobalt acid sodium, cobalt acid potassium, nickel acid sodium, nickel acid potassium, copper acid sodium, copper acid potassium, cuprous sour sodium, Asia
Copper acid potassium, sodium zincate, potassium zincate, sodium chromate, potassium chromate, sodium manganate or potassium manganate.
Another embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of system for manufacturing the solid base catalyst of biodiesel
Preparation Method, it includes step (a) and provides the first solid reactant as lithium source, sodium source or potassium resource, step (b)
Mix the first solid reactant and the second solid reactant to obtain mixture, wherein the second solid reactant
Comprising titanium source and step (c) thermally treated mixture obtaining solid base catalyst.
According to a foregoing embodiment, the first solid reactant can be pure lithium, lithium alloy, lithium nitrate, carbon
Sour lithium, lithium hydroxide, lithia, spodumene, lepidolite or petalite.
According to foregoing another embodiment, the second solid reactant can also comprising zirconium source, vanadium source, niobium source,
Molybdenum source, tungsten source, boron source, bismuth source, manganese source, Tong Yuan, nickel source, zinc source, source of iron, chromium source or cobalt source.
Second solid reactant can be taken from titanium-aluminium alloy, scum, Induction refining, reclaim battery, waste hardware,
Steel mill slag, titaniferous sludge, useless fragment of brick, tile, porcelain, pottery, zircon, borate, boron
Silicate mine, vanadium-containing wasting catalyst, tantalum-niobium concentrate, wolfram steel or natural soil and its product.
Whereby, the present invention can be prepared solid by the use of above-mentioned natural goods or solid waste as the second solid reactant
Body alkali catalyst so that the limited resource of the earth can make the best use of everything and meet environmental protection standard now.
According to foregoing another embodiment, step (b) is also comprised the steps of.First, there is provided containing above-mentioned
The solution of mixture, then dries solution.Additionally, the first solid reactant is solid to second in step (b)
The mol ratio of precursor reactant thing can be 1：5 to 5：1.
According to foregoing another embodiment, step (c) is that aforementioned mixture is calcined in air ambient.
Preferably, the temperature of step (c) can be 700 DEG C to 1000 DEG C, and the time can continue 0.5 hour to 4
Hour.In addition, step (c) can also be comprising the step of grinding to form powder by said mixture.
Another embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacture method of biodiesel, and it includes step (I)
Solid base catalyst is provided, and step (I) provides the first solid reactant as lithium source, sodium source comprising step (a)
Or potassium resource, step (b) mix the first solid reactant and the second solid reactant to obtain mixture, wherein
Second solid reactant is heat-treated said mixture to obtain solid base catalyst, step comprising titanium source and step (c)
Suddenly grease and alcohols are mixed and heated backflow by (II), and add solid base catalyst with carry out transesterification,
Step (III) separates the product of transesterification, and takes out ester liquid and step (IV) vacuum distillation ester liquid
To remove the residual alcohols and residual moisture in ester liquid, to obtain biodiesel.
According to a foregoing embodiment, grease is 1 to the mol ratio of alcohols in step (II)：6 to 1:36.
Whereby, solid base catalyst prepared by the present invention is applied on manufacture biodiesel, except returning for waste material
Receive using outer, also there is the effect of the transesterification rate of lifting transesterification, meet the need of industrial a large amount of manufactures
Ask.
Brief description of the drawings
It is that above and other purpose of the invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, institute's accompanying drawings
It is described as follows：
Fig. 1 is the preparation method flow chart of the solid base catalyst for illustrating the present invention for manufacturing biodiesel；
Fig. 2 is the manufacture method flow chart for illustrating biodiesel of the present invention；
Fig. 3 A are to the solid prepared by titanium dioxide mol ratio in experimental example of the present invention 1 with different lithium carbonates
The X-ray diffraction analysis result of alkali catalyst；
Fig. 3 B are to the solid prepared by titanium dioxide mol ratio in experimental example of the present invention 1 with different lithium carbonates
Transesterification rate graph of a relation of the alkali catalyst to transesterification；
Fig. 3 C are the lithium carbonates for fixing Fig. 3 A to titanium dioxide mol ratio and with prepared by different calcining heats
Solid base catalyst X-ray diffraction analysis result；
Fig. 3 D are the transesterification rate graph of a relation of the solid base catalyst to transesterification of Fig. 3 C；
Fig. 3 E are the lithium carbonates for fixing Fig. 3 A to titanium dioxide mol ratio and with prepared by different calcination times
Solid base catalyst X-ray diffraction analysis result；
Fig. 3 F are the transesterification rate graph of a relation of the solid base catalyst to transesterification of Fig. 3 E；And
Fig. 3 G are with the weight of the solid base catalyst prepared by lithium carbonate and titanium dioxide in experimental example of the present invention 1
Graph of a relation of the multiple access times to transesterification rate.
Specific embodiment
Hold, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of solid base catalyst for manufacturing biodiesel.Above-mentioned solid
Alkali catalyst includes LiaXbOc、NaaXbOc、KaXbOcIn the compound of any one, wherein X be titanium,
Zirconium, vanadium, niobium, iron, molybdenum, tungsten, boron, bismuth, cobalt, chromium, manganese, nickel, copper or zinc, a are 1 to 6
Positive integer, the positive integer that b is 1 to 4 positive integer and c is 1 to 7.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the composition of solid base catalyst can be lithium titanate (Li2TiO3), zirconic acid
Lithium (Li2ZrO3), bismuthic acid lithium (LiBiO3), lithium niobate (Li3NbO4), inclined lithium niobate (LiNbO3), secondary niobic acid
Lithium (LiNbO2), burnt lithium niobate (Li4Nb2O7), positive lithium vanadate (Li3VO4), lithium metavanadate (LiVO3), it is secondary
Lithium vanadate (LiVO2), tungstate lithium (Li2WO4), peroxide tungstate lithium (Li6WO6), lithium molybdate (Li2MoO4)、
Peroxo-polymolybdic acid lithium (Li6MoO6), lithium tetraborate (Li2B4O7), lithium metaborate (LiBO2), lithium chromate (LiCrO2
Or Li3CrO4), LiMn2O4 (Li2MnO3,LiMnO2), cobalt acid lithium (LiCoO2), sub- cobalt acid lithium (Li6CoO4)、
Lithium nickelate (Li2NiO2Or LiNiO2), copper acid lithium (Li2CuO2), cuprous sour lithium (LiCuO), zincic acid lithium
(Li2ZnO2), sodium titanate (Na2TiO3), potassium titanate (K2TiO3), sodium zirconate (Na2ZrO3), potassium zirconium
(K2ZrO3), sodium bismuthate (NaBiO3), bismuthic acid potassium (KBiO3), sodium niobate (Na3NbO4), potassium niobate
(K3NbO4), inclined sodium niobate (NaNbO3), inclined potassium niobate (KNbO3), burnt sodium niobate (Na4Nb2O7), it is burnt
Potassium niobate (K4Nb2O7), positive sodium vanadate (Na3VO4), positive potassium vanadate (K3VO4), sodium metavanadate (NaVO3)、
Potassium metavanadate (KVO3), secondary sodium vanadate (NaVO2), secondary potassium vanadate (KVO2), sodium ferrite (NaFeO2), it is sub-
Sodium ferrite (Na2FeO2), peroxide sodium ferrite (Na2FeO4), potassium ferrite (K2FeO4), ferrous acid potassium (K2FeO2)、
Peroxide potassium ferrite (KFeO2), sodium tungstate (Na2WO4), potassium tungstate (K2WO4), peroxide sodium tungstate
(Na6WO6), peroxide potassium tungstate (K6WO6), sodium molybdate (Na2MoO4), potassium molybdate (K2MoO4), peroxide
Sodium molybdate (Na6MoO6), peroxo-polymolybdic acid potassium (K6MoO6), sodium tetraborate (Na2B4O7), dipotassium tetraborate
(K2B4O7), cobalt acid sodium (NaCoO2), sub- cobalt acid sodium (Na2CoO2), cobalt acid potassium (KCoO2), sub- cobalt acid potassium
(K2CoO2), nickel acid sodium (Na2NiO2), nickel acid potassium (K2NiO2), copper acid sodium (Na2CuO2), copper acid potassium
(K2CuO2), cuprous sour sodium (NaCuO), cuprous sour potassium (KCuO), sodium zincate (Na2ZnO2), potassium zincate
(K2ZnO2), sodium chromate (NaCrO2Or Na3CrO3), potassium chromate (KCrO2Or K3CrO3), sodium manganate
(Na2MnO3Or NaMnO2) or potassium manganate (K2MnO3Or KMnO2)。
The present invention further provides the preparation method of above-mentioned solid base catalyst, Fig. 1 is refer to, Fig. 1 is to illustrate
In one embodiment of the invention be used for manufacture biodiesel solid base catalyst preparation method flow chart, be used for
The preparation method for manufacturing the solid base catalyst of biodiesel includes step S100, step S102 and step
S104。
First, as indicated in step sloo, there is provided the first solid reactant.According to one embodiment of the invention,
First solid reactant includes alkali metal group element, and preferably lithium source, sodium source and potassium resource.Furthermore, it is understood that
Lithium source can be pure lithium, lithium alloy, lithium nitrate (LiNO3), lithium carbonate (Li2CO3), lithium hydroxide (LiOH),
Lithia (Li2O), spodumene, lepidolite or petalite, sodium source can be sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), oxygen
Change sodium (Na2O), albite (NaAlSi3O8), sodium nitrate (NaNO3) or caustic soda, and potassium resource can be
Potassium carbonate (K2CO3), lithium hydroxide (LiOH), potassium oxide (K2O), muscovite, potassium feldspar or potassium alum.
Then, the first solid reactant and the second solid reactant are mixed to obtain mixture, such as step S102
It is shown.Specifically, the first solid reactant and the second solid reactant can be distinguished in step s 102
It is sufficiently mixed again after grinding, or first mixes and grind again, the present invention is not limited.Additionally, walking herein
First solid reactant is 1 to the mol ratio of the second solid reactant in rapid:5 to 5：1, as between the two
Mol ratio wouldn't be repeated herein in the influence of solid base catalyst catalytic effect will be disclosed in aftermentioned experimental example.
Hold, the second solid reactant includes titanium source, zirconium source, vanadium source, niobium source, molybdenum source, tungsten source, iron
Source, boron source, bismuth source, cobalt source, chromium source, manganese source, nickel source, copper source or zinc source.According to of the invention one
Embodiment, the second solid reactant can be oxide, hydroxide, nitrate or the carbonic acid of aforementioned elements
Salt, such as titanium dioxide (TiO2), zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), bismuth nitrate (Bi (NO3)3·5H2O), bismuth oxide
(Bi2O3), niobium pentaoxide (Nb2O5), ammonium vanadate (NH4VO3), vanadium oxide (III) (V2O3), vanadium oxide
(VI)(V2O5), iron oxide (Fe2O3), ferrous oxide (FeO), tungsten oxide (WO3), molybdenum trioxide (MoO3)、
Boron oxide (B2O3), chromium oxide (Cr2O3), manganese dioxide (MnO2), manganous hydroxide (Mn (OH)2), oxidation
Cobalt (Co2O3), cobalt protoxide (CoO), nickel oxide (NiO), nickel hydroxide (Ni (OH)2), cupric oxide (CuO),
Cuprous oxide (Cu2) or zinc oxide (ZnO) O.
Additionally, the source of foregoing second solid reactant can draw materials, solid common in spontaneous work or industry gives up
Material.By taking titanium source as an example, industrially there are many articles for being applied to titanium, such as ferrotianium sludge or sludge is production
Or discarded object derived from titanium dioxide is refined, majority state specification is one kind of harmful cause discarded object.
Above-mentioned titaniferous discarded object can be as the second solid reactant of the invention, except that can prepare for manufacturing raw matter
Outside the solid base catalyst of diesel oil, the purpose of twice laid is further also can reach so that the limited money of the earth
Source can make the best use of everything, while also complying with environmental protection standard now.
Except foregoing ferrotianium sludge or sludge, other are such as titanium-aluminium alloy, scum, recovery battery, steel mill
It is slag, useless fragment of brick, tile, porcelain, pottery, zircon, borate, borosilicic acid salt mine, useless containing vanadium
Catalyst, tantalum-niobium concentrate, wolfram steel or natural soil and its product etc. also can be used as the second solid reactants
Source.
In addition, according to one embodiment of the invention, step S102 can also include to the first solid reactant with
Second solid reactant first carries out impregnation treatment (not shown).Specifically, above-mentioned treatment is first to provide to contain
The solution of said mixture, also will the first solid reactant and the second solid reactant add into water again
Above-mentioned solution is formed after being sufficiently stirred for.Finally, above-mentioned solution is dried, is reached be sufficiently mixed with profit whereby
Follow-up sintering.
Finally, as shown in step S104, it is heat-treated above-mentioned powder mixture to obtain solid base catalyst.According to
According to one embodiment of the invention, step S104 is a calcining step, and the temperature of preferably calcining step is
700 DEG C to 1000 DEG C, and the time can continue 0.5 hour to 4 hours, during as calcining heat and calcining
Between in the influence of the catalytic effect of solid base catalyst will be disclosed in aftermentioned experimental example, wouldn't repeat herein.
In addition, step S104 can also comprising the step of the mixture after calcining is ground to form into powder, so that solid base
During catalyst can be dispersed in oil product when follow-up transesterification, while also improving solid base catalyst
Specific surface area is lifting its transesterification rate in reaction.
The present invention also provides and a kind of carry out transesterification using above-mentioned solid base catalyst and manufacture biodiesel
Method, as shown in Fig. 2 the method that solid base catalyst carries out transesterification manufacture biodiesel includes step
Rapid S200, step S202, step S204 and step S206.
First, such as step S200, there is provided the solid base catalyst as prepared by step S100 to step S104.
Then grease and alcohols are mixed and is heated to reflux with such as 65 DEG C, while adding above-mentioned solid base catalyst to enter
Row transesterification is as shown in step S202.Preferably, above-mentioned grease refers to the triglyceride in oil product,
And oil product can be vegetable oil, such as soybean oil (Soybean oil), olive oil (Olive oil), corn oil (Cron
Oil), canola oil (Canola oil), coconut oil (Coconut oil), castor oil (Castor oil) or cocoa butter
(Cocoa ester), the present invention is not intended to be limited to enumerate oil product.And oil product is alternatively the waste oil after use,
Waste oil is reclaimed whereby is used as fuel, quite environmental protection and health.In addition, above-mentioned alcohols is preferably first
Alcohol.
Then, as shown in step S204, fatty acid methyl ester, glycerine and the solid that transesterification is generated
Alkali catalyst is separated.And the separate specific practice e.g. first stands and makes foregoing product be taken out sequentially after being layered
From, and the upper strata ester liquid after being layered is fatty acid methyl ester, it is the raw matter bavin for being available for using as fuel
Oil.Finally, in order to purify biodiesel, can again with rapid evaporation method or vacuum distillation method removal ester liquid
Residual methanol and moisture, as shown in step S206.
Additionally, can also be before being evaporated or distilling, by upper strata ester liquid elder generation's washed several times with water being eliminated as much as
Residual solids alkali catalyst and glycerine in the ester liquid of upper strata.The mode that relevant oleyl alcohol is heated to reflux, knows ability
The technical staff in domain works as can be carried out according to prior art, therefore not repeated separately herein.
In addition, to illustrate above-mentioned solid base catalyst in the catalytic effect on transesterification, the life for synthesizing
Matter diesel oil can carry out the identification of transesterification rate to determine the content of its fatty acid methyl ester, be in our current research to pass through
Ji ministerial standard Inspection Bureau, CNS15051, grease derivative (i.e. fatty acid methyl ester) TFA methyl esters and secondary
Linolenic acid methyl ester content determination method carries out the calculating of the transesterification rate of biodiesel.It is in this method with ten
Seven sour methyl esters are internal standard compound, and normal heptane is solvent, is configured to the solution of the mg/ml of concentration about 10,
Then after 250 milligrams of the biodiesel that smart scale was purified, 5 milliliters of the internal standard substance solution for having configured is added,
And by its uniform mixing, just it can be analyzed with gas chromatograph, drawn using syringe during analysis
0.1 microlitre to 1.0 microlitres of sample injection can then be detectd to the injection port of gas chromatograph with flame ion
Survey device to be analyzed, resulting tomographic map can be integrated its area calculating TFA first after analysis
The content of ester.
The component of solid base catalyst provided by the present invention, its preparation method and apply its biodiesel
General description, as above, will below be further illustrated of the invention each manufacture method by each experimental example
Step, its experimental data and attainable effect, are simply not used to limit the category to be protected of the invention,
Conjunction first chats bright.
Experimental example 1
Experimental example 1 be using lithium source as the first solid reactant and using titanium source as the second solid reactant,
Prepared by solid base catalyst include lithium titanate.
In this experimental example, the first solid reactant is to use lithium carbonate (Li2CO3, purity>98%,
Katayama Chemical Co.), and the second solid reactant is to use titanium dioxide, and solid base catalyst
Preparation method during for lithium titanate is as after.First, 0.1 mole of titanium dioxide and 0.1 mole of lithium carbonate are taken
It is put into mortar and stirs.Then, the titanium dioxide of mixing and lithium carbonate are put into high temperature furnace (Dengyng
Instruments CO.LTD, DF-40) it is interior with 800 DEG C of 4 hours of calcining, treat that said mixture has been calcined
Into and after being down to room temperature, you can be ground into powder using mortar and obtain and be available for follow-up transesterification
The solid base catalyst for using.Additionally, the solid base catalyst for synthesizing can utilize X-ray diffractometer (X-Ray
Diffractometer, MAC Science, MXP18) determine its composition and carry out the measure of transesterification rate.
Refer to Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 F, Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B is with different lithium carbonates in experimental example of the present invention 1
X-ray diffraction analysis result to the solid base catalyst prepared by titanium dioxide mol ratio and its to transesterification
The transesterification rate graph of a relation of reaction, Fig. 3 C and Fig. 3 D are the lithium carbonates for fixing Fig. 3 A to titanium dioxide mole
Than and with solid base catalyst prepared by different calcining heats X-ray diffraction analysis result and its to transesterification
Change the transesterification rate graph of a relation of reaction, Fig. 3 E and Fig. 3 F are the lithium carbonates for fixing Fig. 3 A to titanium dioxide mole
Than and with solid base catalyst prepared by different calcination times X-ray diffraction analysis result and its to transesterification
Change the transesterification rate graph of a relation of reaction.
First, as shown in Figure 3A, data are respectively from lower to upper the carbonic acid when solid base catalyst is prepared in figure
Lithium is 1 to the mol ratio of titanium dioxide：1、2：1 and 3：1, and lithium titanate, lithium carbonate and titanium dioxide
Indicated with filled circles, filled squares and black triangle respectively.As seen from the figure, by lithium carbonate and two
The mol ratio of titanium oxide is 1：1 and 2：Solid base catalyst prepared when 1 is comprising lithium titanate
Solid base catalyst.But when the mol ratio of lithium carbonate and titanium dioxide is 3:When 1, this is can be found that as seen from the figure
When prepared solid base catalyst in have the lithium carbonate of residual.
Then, the solid base catalyst that will be prepared carries out transesterification, is to fix other in reaction
Part such as oleyl alcohol compares 1：24th, 65 DEG C of catalyst consumption 6wt%, 2 hours reaction time and reaction temperature, and consolidate
The transesterification rate of body alkali catalyst is as shown in table 1 below and Fig. 3 B.It follows that with lithium carbonate to titanium dioxide
Mol ratio is 2：The solid base catalyst comprising lithium titanate prepared by 1 is with good transesterification effect.
Table 1
Then, fixed lithium carbonate is 2 to the mol ratio of titanium dioxide：1 and calcination time be 4 hours, and
Solid base catalyst is prepared with 700 DEG C, 800 DEG C, 900 DEG C and 1000 DEG C of calcining heat respectively.Such as Fig. 3 C
Shown, when solid base catalyst is prepared using 700 DEG C of calcining heat, the diffraction peak for being detected nearly all belongs to
In starting material lithium carbonate and titanium dioxide, thus may determine that calcining heat be 700 DEG C when also there is no
Enough energy carry out synthesis of solid alkali catalyst.And ought respectively use 800 DEG C, 900 DEG C and 1000 DEG C of calcining heat
When preparing solid base catalyst, seeing has the diffraction peak for belonging to lithium titanate and obtains similar X-ray diffraction diagram
Spectrum, i.e., can be obtained the solid base catalyst for including lithium titanate when calcining heat is 800 DEG C to 1000 DEG C.
Now, the solid base catalyst that will be prepared carries out transesterification.Preferably, it is to fix it in reaction
He compares 1 by condition such as oleyl alcohol：24th, 65 DEG C of catalyst consumption 6wt%, 2 hours reaction time and reaction temperature,
And the transesterification rate of solid base catalyst is as shown in table 2 below and Fig. 3 D.It follows that with 800 DEG C, 900 DEG C,
Solid base catalyst prepared by 1000 DEG C of calcining heat can have average more than 95% transesterification rate.
Table 2
Finally, as shown in FIGURE 3 E, fixed is 2 to the mol ratio of titanium dioxide with lithium carbonate：1, and calcination
Temperature is 800 DEG C, prepares solid base catalyst within 1,2,3,4 hours with the calcination time respectively.As seen from the figure,
It is preferably 4 hours in the preparation excessively middle calcination time that solid base catalyst is prepared with lithium carbonate and titanium dioxide,
See there is the residual of lithium carbonate under the conditions of remaining.Now, the solid base catalyst that will be prepared carries out transesterification
Change reaction, be to fix other conditions such as oleyl alcohol to compare 1 in reaction：24th, catalyst consumption 6wt%, reaction time
2 hours and 65 DEG C of reaction temperature, and the transesterification rate of solid base catalyst is as shown in table 3 below and Fig. 3 F.Thus
Understand, the collection of illustrative plates of the solid base catalyst prepared using different calcination times is similar each other, and with lithium carbonate
It is preferably 4 hours with the preparation excessively middle calcination time that titanium dioxide prepares solid base catalyst.
Table 3
Through that as shown in the above description, can be prepared as during the second solid reactant using titanium source in the present invention
Solid base catalyst with good transesterification effect.As it was noted above, present industrial circle is preparing titanium dioxide
Or many titaniferous sludge for being unfavorable for environment are often produced during related process, using the method for the present invention
Phase further the solid waste of titaniferous can be recycled, reach the purpose of environmental protection.
Additionally, refer to Fig. 3 G, Fig. 3 G are with lithium carbonate and titanium dioxide institute in experimental example of the present invention 1
Graph of a relation of the reuse number of times of the solid base catalyst of preparation to transesterification rate.In more detail, if can be by
Solid base catalyst is reused, then can reduce the cost of production biodiesel, is improved this solid base and is touched
The practical value of matchmaker.Accordingly, the solid base catalyst comprising lithium carbonate is further inquired into this experimental example
Number of times is reused, and fixes the condition such as oleyl alcohol mol ratio 1 of transesterification：24th, solid base catalyst adds
Plus consumption 6wt%, 4 hours reaction time, 65 DEG C of reaction temperature.
As seen from the figure, the solid base catalyst of this experimental example can be all more than for 10 times in the past in reuse
80% transesterification rate, or even all also have 60% transesterification rate, namely the present invention when reusing the 11st time
Prepared solid base catalyst has suitable economic benefit.
Experimental example 2
Experimental example 2 is as the first solid reactant and anti-as the second solid using titanium source using sodium source or potassium resource
Answer thing, prepared by solid base catalyst include sodium titanate or potassium titanate.
In this experimental example, the first solid reactant is to use sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and the second solid is anti-
It is to use titanium dioxide to answer thing.And the preparation of solid base catalyst first takes 1 mole of either sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate and 1
Mole titanium dioxide is mixed, and is taken out after 4 hours with 800 DEG C of calcination and is ground to form powder, you can as solid base
Catalyst.Now, above-mentioned solid base catalyst is carried out into transesterification.Preferably, it is to fix it in reaction
He compares 1 by condition such as oleyl alcohol：36th, 65 DEG C of catalyst consumption 8wt%, 2 hours reaction time and reaction temperature,
And the transesterification rate of solid base catalyst is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
Via experimental example 2 understand, the present invention in the first solid reactant in addition to using lithium source, with sodium
Source or potassium resource can equally prepare the solid base with good transesterification effect as the first solid reactant and touch
Matchmaker.
Experimental example 3
In this experimental example, the first solid reactant can be lithium source, sodium source or potassium resource, and the second solid is anti-
It is zirconium source to answer thing.Now, the solid base catalyst comprising lithium zirconate can be obtained according to the following steps.First,
Take 1 mole of lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate and 1 mole of zirconium dioxide is mixed, it is small with 800 DEG C of calcination 4
When after take out grind to form powder, you can as solid base catalyst.Now, above-mentioned solid base catalyst is carried out
Transesterification.Preferably, it is to fix other conditions such as oleyl alcohol to compare 1 in reaction：36th, catalyst consumption 8wt%,
65 DEG C of 2 hours reaction time and reaction temperature, and the transesterification rate of solid base catalyst is as shown in table 5.Whereby
Learn, consolidating with good transesterification effect can be also prepared when the second solid reactant is zirconium source in the present invention
Body alkali catalyst.
Table 5
Experimental example 4
In this experimental example, the first solid reactant can be lithium source, and the second solid reactant is bismuth source.
Preferably, the first solid reactant be lithium carbonate, and the second solid reactant be bismuth nitrate, now according to
The following steps are obtained the solid base catalyst comprising bismuthic acid lithium.1 mole of lithium carbonate and 2 are mixed with impregnated with method first
Molar nitric acid bismuth, then with 800 DEG C calcination 4 hours after take out grind to form powder, you can as solid base catalyst.
However, bismuth source is alternatively bismuth oxide in this experimental example, the present invention is not intended to as limit.When bismuth source is
During bismuth oxide, be first mixing 1 mole of lithium carbonate and 1 moles bismuth, then with 800 DEG C be calcined 4 hours after
Taking-up grinds to form powder, that is, complete the preparation of solid base catalyst.
Furthermore, the first solid reactant can also be sodium source or potassium resource in this experimental example, and solid base is tactile
The preparation process of matchmaker is as after.Mix 1 mole of either sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate and 1 moles bismuth first, then with
700 DEG C calcination 4 hours after take out grind to form powder, the solid base catalyst as containing sodium bismuthate or bismuthic acid potassium.
Then, carry out transesterification using above-mentioned each solid base catalyst, and solid base catalyst transesterification rate
As shown in table 6.Learn whereby, can also be prepared when the second solid reactant is bismuth source in the present invention has
The solid base catalyst of transesterification effect, and the solid base catalyst obtained by when the second solid reactant is bismuth oxide
Transesterification rate it is good when being bismuth nitrate compared with it.
Table 6
Experimental example 5
In this experimental example, the first solid reactant can be lithium source, and the second solid reactant is niobium source.
Preferably, the first solid reactant is lithium carbonate, and the second solid reactant is niobium pentaoxide.It is more detailed
Carefully say, when lithium carbonate is 1 to the mol ratio of niobium pentaoxide：1、2：1 and 3：When 1, can be according to
Following preparation methods prepare the solid base catalyst containing inclined lithium niobate, burnt lithium niobate and lithium niobate respectively.It is first
First, mix the lithium carbonate and niobium pentaoxide of different mol ratio, then take out and grind after 4 hours with 800 DEG C of calcination
Wear into powder, you can as solid base catalyst.
In addition, in this experimental example, the first solid reactant is alternatively sodium source or potassium resource.Preferably,
One solid reactant is sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, and its method for preparing solid base catalyst with lithium carbonate system
Standby solid base catalyst is identical, will not be repeated here.
Then, carry out transesterification using above-mentioned each solid base catalyst, and solid base catalyst transesterification rate
As shown in table 7.It follows that can also be prepared when the second solid reactant is niobium source in the present invention having
The solid base catalyst of transesterification effect, namely in the future recyclable waste material containing niobium and in the way of solid base catalyst again
Make profits for making biodiesel, reach the effect made the best use of everything.
Table 7
Experimental example 6
In this experimental example, the first solid reactant can be lithium source or sodium source, and the second solid reactant
It is vanadium source.Wherein when the first solid reactant is that sodium carbonate and the second solid reactant are ammonium vanadate
When, to the mol ratio of ammonium vanadate can be 3 with sodium carbonate：1 or 1：1, and according to following preparation methods point
The solid base catalyst containing sodium vanadate or sodium metavanadate is not prepared.More specifically, first mix not
With the sodium carbonate and ammonium vanadate of mol ratio, then with 800 DEG C calcination 4 hours after take out grind to form powder, i.e.,
Can be used as the solid base catalyst containing sodium vanadate or sodium metavanadate.And the preparation method of positive lithium vanadate is substantially
As it was noted above, will not be repeated here.
Then, carry out transesterification using above-mentioned each solid base catalyst, and solid base catalyst transesterification
Rate is as shown in table 8.Learn whereby, can also be prepared when the second solid reactant is vanadium source in the present invention
Solid base catalyst with transesterification effect, namely in the future recyclable waste material containing vanadium and with solid base catalyst
Mode regeneration reaches the effect made the best use of everything in biodiesel is made.
Table 8
Experimental example 7
In this experimental example, the first solid reactant can be sodium source or potassium resource, and the second solid reactant
It is source of iron.Preferably, the first solid reactant is sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, and the second solid reactant
It is iron oxide, and can respectively prepares Fe-laden acid sodium, potassium ferrite, peroxide iron according to following preparation methods
The solid base catalyst of sour sodium or peroxide potassium ferrite.First, mixing 1 or 3 mole of either sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate with
1 moles iron, then with 800 DEG C calcination 4 hours after take out grind to form powder, you can as solid base
Catalyst.Then, carry out transesterification using above-mentioned solid base catalyst, and solid base catalyst transesterification
Rate is as shown in table 9.Learn whereby, can also be prepared when the second solid reactant is source of iron in the present invention
Solid base catalyst with good transesterification effect.
Table 9
Experimental example 8
In this experimental example, the first solid reactant can be lithium source, sodium source or potassium resource, and the second solid
Reactant is boron source.Preferably, the first solid reactant is sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, and the second solid
Reactant is boron oxide, and can respectively prepare boronic acid containing sodium or potassium borate according to following preparation methods
Solid base catalyst.First, 2 moles of lithium carbonates, sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate and 1 moles boron are mixed,
Taken out after being calcined 4 hours with 800 DEG C again and grind to form powder, you can as solid base catalyst.Then, profit
Transesterification is carried out with above-mentioned solid base catalyst, and the transesterification rate of solid base catalyst is as shown in table 10.
Learn whereby, can also be prepared with transesterification effect when the second solid reactant is boron source in the present invention
Solid base catalyst, namely in the future recyclable boracic waste material and in the way of solid base catalyst regeneration in
Biodiesel is made, the effect made the best use of everything is reached.
Table 10
Experimental example 9
In this experimental example, the first solid reactant is lithium source, and the second solid reactant is tungsten source.
Preferably, the first solid reactant is lithium carbonate, and the second solid reactant is tungsten oxide.In more detail
Ground is said, when lithium carbonate is 3 to the mol ratio of tungsten oxide：1 and 1：When 1, can be according to following preparation methods
The solid base catalyst of tungstate lithium containing peroxide and tungstate lithium is prepared respectively.First, different mol ratio is mixed
Lithium carbonate and tungsten oxide, then taken out after 4 hours with 800 DEG C of calcination and grind to form powder, you can as solid
Body alkali catalyst.
In addition, in this experimental example, the first solid reactant is alternatively sodium source or potassium resource.Preferably,
First solid reactant is sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, and its method for preparing solid base catalyst with carbonic acid
It is identical that lithium prepares solid base catalyst, will not be repeated here.
Then, carry out transesterification using above-mentioned each solid base catalyst, and solid base catalyst transesterification
Rate is as shown in table 11.Learn whereby, can also be prepared when the second solid reactant is tungsten source in the present invention
Solid base catalyst with good transesterification effect.
Table 11
Experimental example 10
In this experimental example, the first solid reactant is lithium source, and the second solid reactant is molybdenum source.
Preferably, the first solid reactant is lithium carbonate, and the second solid reactant is molybdenum trioxide.It is more detailed
Carefully say, when lithium carbonate is 3 to the mol ratio of molybdenum trioxide：1 and 1：When 1, can be according to following preparations
Method prepares the solid base catalyst of lithium containing peroxo-polymolybdic acid and lithium molybdate respectively.First, mixing difference is rubbed
The lithium carbonate and tungsten oxide of your ratio, then taken out after 4 hours with 800 DEG C of calcination and grind to form powder, you can make
It is solid base catalyst.
In addition, in this experimental example, the first solid reactant is alternatively sodium source or potassium resource.Preferably,
First solid reactant is sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, and its method for preparing solid base catalyst with carbonic acid
It is identical that lithium prepares solid base catalyst, will not be repeated here.
Then, carry out transesterification using above-mentioned each solid base catalyst, and solid base catalyst transesterification
Rate is as shown in table 12.Learn whereby, can also be prepared when the second solid reactant is molybdenum source in the present invention
Solid base catalyst with good transesterification effect.
Table 12
Experimental example 11 to 16
In experimental example 11 to 16, the first solid reactant can be lithium source, sodium source or potassium resource, and second
Solid reactant then be respectively cobalt source (experimental example 11), chromium source (experimental example 12), manganese source (experimental example 13),
Nickel source (experimental example 14), copper source (experimental example 15) and zinc source (experimental example 16).Specifically, first
Solid reactant is lithium carbonate, and the second solid reactant can be such as chromium oxide, manganese dioxide, oxidation
Cobalt, nickel oxide, cupric oxide and zinc oxide.As for prepare the method for solid base catalyst substantially with experiment
Example 1 is identical to experimental example 10, will not be repeated here.
Then, using above-mentioned each solid base catalyst carry out transesterification transesterification rate as shown in table 13,
The second solid reactant is cobalt source, chromium source, manganese source, nickel source, copper source and zinc source in understanding the present invention
When can also prepare the solid base catalyst with transesterification effect, namely in the future recyclable contain above-mentioned metal
Waste material and in the way of solid base catalyst regeneration in make biodiesel, reach what is made the best use of everything
Effect.
Table 13
Comparative example 1
It is to be in comparative example 1 with existing calcium oxide (purchased from Pian Shan reagents limited company, Taiwan)
Solid base catalyst.As it was noted above, calcium oxide is the solid base for being commonly used for manufacturing biodiesel at present
Catalyst, but the air stability of calcium oxide is poor, and the moisture in easy absorption air fails with carbon dioxide.
By the calcium oxide of comparative example 1 with the present invention in 1 two kinds of solid base catalyst of experimental example exposed to 25 DEG C of constant temperature,
In the space of relative humidity 50%, and standing 0 hour, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours respectively
After carry out transesterification.Preferably, the condition of transesterification is respectively oleyl alcohol mol ratio 1：24、
65 DEG C of solid base catalyst addition consumption 6wt%, 2 hours reaction time and reaction temperature, and three kinds of solids
Alkali catalyst has been shown in Table 14 to the transesterification rate of oil product.Specifically, foregoing used oil product is
Soybean oil (is purchased from Great Wall enterprise stock Co., Ltd), and the right present invention is not intended to as limit.
Table 14
As shown in Table 14, lithium titanate 24 hours in exposed to air, 48 hours with after 72 hours, its
Transesterification rate only drops to 90.17% slightly from 99.28%.Calcium oxide is reviewed 24 small in air
When after just declined to a great extent to 3.00% from the 96.66% of script, although therefore understanding that solid base catalyst exists
The reduction of its transesterification rate, but solid base catalyst provided by the present invention can be all caused after in air,
Such as lithium titanate, except the transesterification effect to oil product compared with calcium oxide well in addition to, it is relatively also steady compared with calcium oxide
It is fixed.
Comparative example 2
In comparative example 2, solid base catalyst is rubbed with 1 by first 1 mole of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) of mixing
It is prepared within 4 hours with 800 DEG C of calcination again after your titanium dioxide.
Comparative example 3
In comparative example 3, solid base catalyst be by first mix 1 mole of magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH) 2) with
It is prepared within 4 hours with 800 DEG C of calcination again after 1 mole of zirconium dioxide.
Comparative example 4
In comparative example 4, solid base catalyst is by first 1 mole of magnesium hydroxide, 1 mole of carbonic acid of mixing
Calcium, 1 mole of acetic anhydride strontium (Sr (CH3COO) 2) or 1 mole of acetic anhydride barium (Ba (CH3COO) 2)
It is prepared within 4 hours with 700 DEG C to 800 DEG C calcination again with after 1 moles bismuth.
Comparative example 5
In comparative example 5, solid base catalyst is by first mixing 3 moles of magnesium hydroxides or calcium carbonate and 1
It is prepared within 4 hours with 800 DEG C of calcination again after mole niobium pentaoxide.
Comparative example 6
In comparative example 6, solid base catalyst is by first 1 mole of magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate or carbon of mixing
It is prepared within 4 hours with 800 DEG C of calcination again after sour strontium (SrCO3) and 1 moles tungsten.
Comparative example 7
In comparative example 7, solid base catalyst is by first 1 mole of magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate or carbon of mixing
It is prepared within 4 hours with 800 DEG C of calcination again after sour strontium and 1 mole of molybdenum trioxide.
Comparative example 8
In comparative example 8, solid base catalyst is by first mixing 1 mole of calcium carbonate and 1 moles boron
It is prepared within 4 hours with 800 DEG C of calcination again afterwards.
Comparative example 9
In comparative example 9, solid base catalyst is by first mixing 1 mole of magnesium hydroxide and 1 mole of dioxy
It is prepared within 4 hours with 800 DEG C of calcination again after changing zirconium.
Using above-mentioned experimental example 1, experimental example 2, experimental example 3, experimental example 4, experimental example 5, experimental example 8,
Experimental example 9, experimental example 10 carry out transesterification with the solid base catalyst prepared by comparative example 2 to comparative example 9
After reaction, compare its transesterification rate as shown in Table 15.It should be noted that, adopted in each experimental example herein
Optimization of conditions prepares solid base catalyst, but the present invention is not intended to as limit.
Table 15
As shown in Table 15, the present invention is using the alkali metal group such as such as lithium, sodium, potassium element as the first solid reaction
The performance of solid base catalyst prepared by thing on transesterification is compared with alkali such as such as magnesium, calcium, strontium or barium
Earthy element is excellent as the solid base catalyst prepared by the first solid reactant.
In sum, the solid base catalyst for being used to manufacture biodiesel provided by the present invention is for oil product
Stablize and repeat recycling with good transesterification effect, and more existing solid base catalyst, can have
Effect reduces the cost of manufacture biodiesel.Further, since being used to prepare solid base catalyst in the present invention
Second solid reactant can draw materials common solid waste in spontaneous work or industry, further causing ground
The limited resource of ball can make the best use of everything, while also complying with environmental protection standard now.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with implementation method, so it is not limited to the present invention, appoints
What those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when can make various variations with
Retouch, therefore protection scope of the present invention ought be defined depending on as defined in claim.
Claims (18)
1. a kind of solid base catalyst for manufacturing biodiesel, it is characterised in that described for manufacturing life
The solid base catalyst of matter diesel oil includes the chemical combination represented by following chemical formula (1), chemical formula (2) or chemical formula (3)
Thing：
LiaXbOc(1),
NaaXbOc(2), or
KaXbOc(3)；And
Wherein X is titanium, zirconium, vanadium, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, boron, bismuth, manganese, copper, nickel, zinc, iron, chromium
Or cobalt, a is 1 to 6 positive integer, the positive integer that b is 1 to 4 positive integer and c is 1 to 7.
2. it is used to manufacture the solid base catalyst of biodiesel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
It is described for manufacture the solid base catalyst of biodiesel comprising lithium titanate, lithium zirconate, bismuthic acid lithium, lithium niobate,
Inclined lithium niobate, secondary lithium niobate, burnt lithium niobate, positive lithium vanadate, lithium metavanadate, secondary lithium vanadate, tungstate lithium,
Peroxide tungstate lithium, lithium molybdate, peroxo-polymolybdic acid lithium or lithium borate, lithium metaborate, lithium chromate, LiMn2O4,
Cobalt acid lithium, sub- cobalt acid lithium, lithium nickelate, zincic acid lithium, copper acid lithium, cuprous sour lithium, sodium titanate, potassium titanate,
Sodium zirconate, potassium zirconium, sodium bismuthate, bismuthic acid potassium, sodium niobate, potassium niobate, inclined sodium niobate, inclined potassium niobate,
Burnt sodium niobate, burnt potassium niobate, positive sodium vanadate, positive potassium vanadate, sodium metavanadate, potassium metavanadate, secondary vanadic acid
Sodium, secondary potassium vanadate, sodium ferrite, peroxide sodium ferrite, potassium ferrite, peroxide potassium ferrite, sodium tungstate, wolframic acid
Potassium, peroxide sodium tungstate, peroxide potassium tungstate, sodium molybdate, potassium molybdate, peroxo-polymolybdic acid sodium, peroxo-polymolybdic acid potassium,
Sodium tetraborate, dipotassium tetraborate, cobalt acid sodium, cobalt acid potassium, nickel acid sodium, nickel acid potassium, copper acid sodium, copper acid potassium,
Cuprous sour sodium, cuprous sour potassium, sodium zincate, potassium zincate, sodium chromate, potassium chromate, sodium manganate or potassium manganate.
3. a kind of preparation method for manufacturing the solid base catalyst of biodiesel, it is characterised in that described
Preparation method for manufacturing the solid base catalyst of biodiesel is comprised the steps of：
A () provides the first solid reactant as lithium source, sodium source or potassium resource；
B () mixes first solid reactant and the second solid reactant to obtain mixture, wherein described
Second solid reactant includes titanium source；And
C () is heat-treated the mixture to obtain the solid base catalyst.
4. the preparation method of the as claimed in claim 3 solid base catalyst for being used to manufacture biodiesel, its
Be characterised by, second solid reactant comprising zirconium source, vanadium source, niobium source, molybdenum source, tungsten source, boron source,
Bismuth source, manganese source, Tong Yuan, nickel source, chromium source, source of iron, cobalt source or zinc source.
5. the preparation method of the as claimed in claim 4 solid base catalyst for being used to manufacture biodiesel, its
Be characterised by, second solid reactant take from titanium-aluminium alloy, scum, reclaim battery, waste hardware,
Steel mill slag, titaniferous sludge, useless fragment of brick, tile, porcelain, pottery, zircon, borate, boron
Silicate mine, vanadium-containing wasting catalyst, tantalum-niobium concentrate, wolfram steel, Induction refining or natural soil and its product.
6. the preparation method of the as claimed in claim 4 solid base catalyst for being used to manufacture biodiesel, its
It is characterised by, the step (b) also includes：
Solution containing the mixture is provided；And
Dry the solution.
7. the preparation method of the as claimed in claim 3 solid base catalyst for being used to manufacture biodiesel, its
It is characterised by, the step (c) includes：
The mixture is ground to form into powder.
8. the preparation method of the as claimed in claim 3 solid base catalyst for being used to manufacture biodiesel, its
It is characterised by, first solid reactant is pure lithium, lithium alloy, lithium nitrate, lithium carbonate, hydroxide
Lithium, lithia, spodumene, lepidolite or petalite.
9. the preparation method of the as claimed in claim 3 solid base catalyst for being used to manufacture biodiesel, its
It is characterised by, the step (c) is that the mixture is calcined in air ambient, and the step
C the temperature of () is 700 DEG C to 1000 DEG C, and the time is lasting 0.5 hour to 4 hours.
10. the preparation method of the as claimed in claim 3 solid base catalyst for being used to manufacture biodiesel,
Characterized in that, the first solid reactant described in the step (b) rubs to second solid reactant
You are than being 1：5 to 5：1.
A kind of 11. manufacture methods of biodiesel, it is characterised in that the manufacture method of the biodiesel
Comprise the steps of：
(I) solid base catalyst is provided, it is included：
A () provides the first solid reactant as lithium source, sodium source or potassium resource；
B () mixes first solid reactant and the second solid reactant to obtain mixture, wherein
Second solid reactant includes titanium source；And
C () is heat-treated the mixture to obtain the solid base catalyst；
(II) grease and alcohols are mixed and heated backflow, and it is transesterification to carry out to add the solid base catalyst
Reaction；
(III) separate the product of the transesterification, and take out ester liquid；And
(IV) the ester liquid is evaporated in vacuo to remove the residual alcohols and the residual moisture in the ester liquid, with
Obtain the biodiesel.
The manufacture method of 12. biodiesels as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that described second
Solid reactant also includes zirconium source, vanadium source, niobium source, molybdenum source, tungsten source, boron source, bismuth source, manganese source, copper
Source, nickel source, zinc source, source of iron, chromium source or cobalt source.
The manufacture method of 13. biodiesels as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that described second
Solid reactant is taken from titanium-aluminium alloy, scum, reclaims battery, waste hardware, steel mill slag, titaniferous
It is sludge, useless fragment of brick, tile, porcelain, pottery, zircon, borate, borosilicic acid salt mine, useless containing vanadium
Catalyst, tantalum-niobium concentrate, wolfram steel, Induction refining or natural soil and its product.
The manufacture method of 14. biodiesels as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that the step
B () also includes：
Solution containing the mixture is provided；And
Dry the solution.
The manufacture method of 15. biodiesels as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that the step
C () includes：
The mixture is ground to form into powder.
The manufacture method of 16. biodiesels as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that the step
C () is that the mixture is calcined in air ambient, and the step (c) temperature be 700 DEG C extremely
1000 DEG C, and the time is lasting 0.5 hour to 4 hours.
The manufacture method of 17. biodiesels as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that the step
B the first solid reactant described in () is 1 to the mol ratio of second solid reactant：5 to 5：1.
The manufacture method of 18. biodiesels as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that the step
(II) grease described in is 1 to the mol ratio of the alcohols：6 to 1:36.
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| TW104142319A TWI612132B (en) | 2015-12-16 | 2015-12-16 | Solid base catalyst for manufacturing biodiesel, fabricating method thereof and manufacturing method of biodiesel using thereof |
| TW104142319 | 2015-12-16 | ||
| TW104142318A TWI599649B (en) | 2015-12-16 | 2015-12-16 | Solid base catalyst for manufacturing biodiesel, fabricating method thereof and manufacturing method of biodiesel using thereof |
| TW104142318 | 2015-12-16 |
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| CN117327537A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-01-02 | 石家庄环腾能源科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly treatment process of industrial mixed oil |
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| CN110204444A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-06 | 滕州京腾鑫汇新材料科技有限公司 | Synthesis method of dimethyl carbonate |
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| CN114177900A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-15 | 石河子大学 | Catalyst for glycerol carbonate, synthesis method and application of glycerol carbonate |
| CN117327537A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-01-02 | 石家庄环腾能源科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly treatment process of industrial mixed oil |
| CN117327537B (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-04-19 | 石家庄环腾能源科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly treatment process of industrial mixed oil |
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