CN106881013B - Device for decomposing trimethylamine malodorous gas - Google Patents

Device for decomposing trimethylamine malodorous gas Download PDF

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CN106881013B
CN106881013B CN201710235897.XA CN201710235897A CN106881013B CN 106881013 B CN106881013 B CN 106881013B CN 201710235897 A CN201710235897 A CN 201710235897A CN 106881013 B CN106881013 B CN 106881013B
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ultraviolet radiation
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gas
dielectric layer
closed cavity
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CN106881013A (en
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张仁熙
刘杨海超
侯剑源
赵玮璇
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Fudan University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/76Gas phase processes, e.g. by using aerosols
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/007Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by irradiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/72Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D53/48 - B01D53/70, e.g. hydrocarbons
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/80Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
    • B01D2259/804UV light
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/80Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
    • B01D2259/818Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of waste gas purification, and particularly relates to a device for decomposing trimethylamine malodorous gas. Comprising the following steps: a DBD gas discharge region, a deep ultraviolet radiation region and a shallow ultraviolet radiation region; the DBD gas discharge area consists of an inner dielectric layer, an outer dielectric layer, an inner electrode and an outer electrode; the inner electrode is of a stainless steel spring structure; the deep ultraviolet radiation area comprises an inner area closed cavity and an outer area closed cavity, wherein the inner area closed cavity is filled with argon and halogen mixed gas or rare gas xenon respectively, and the deep ultraviolet radiation area is mainly used for generating short-wavelength ultraviolet light with the wavelength of about 200nm and below; the shallow ultraviolet radiation area is also divided into an inner area closed cavity and an outer area closed cavity, and krypton and halogen mixed gas or argon and mercury are respectively filled in the cavities, and the shallow ultraviolet radiation area is mainly used for generating long-wavelength ultraviolet light with the wavelength of about 250 nm. The invention has compact structure, high efficiency, low energy consumption and strong applicability, and can degrade trimethylamine gas.

Description

Device for decomposing trimethylamine malodorous gas
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste gas purification, and particularly relates to a device for decomposing trimethylamine malodorous gas.
Background
In recent years, people have increasingly become ill with respect to smell discomfort and complaint caused by malodorous gas, and malodorous gas pollution has been widely focused and paid attention to.
Trimethylamine is colorless organic amine gas, is toxic, can generate unpleasant and pungent ammonia-like odor and fishy odor, has wide application, and can be used for preparing industries such as medicines, pesticides, photographic materials, rubber additives, explosives, chemical fiber solvents, strong-alkaline anion exchange resins, dye leveling agents, surfactants, basic dyes and the like, is also one of typical malodorous substances in the household garbage disposal process, and is also one of eight malodorous gases specified in the national malodorous pollutant emission standard (GB 14554-1993). Among malodorous gases, the hazard level is inferior to that of organic sulfide gases. Trimethylamine has toxic effects on animals and humans, can inhibit synthesis of biological macromolecular substances (such as DNA, RNA, etc.), and has aberration effect on embryo of animals. Low concentrations of trimethylamine gas can cause discomfort and headache. Dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and mental confusion. The high-concentration trimethylamine gas has strong stimulation to eyes, respiratory tract and skin of a human body, even can cause poisoning to different degrees to the respiratory system, circulatory system, digestive system, endocrine system and nervous system of the human body, and when animals are acutely poisoned to trimethylamine, shortness of breath and muscle tension can occur, thus dyspnea occurs, and some animals can even die from asphyxia. Thus, trimethylamine is one of the main subjects of malodor pollution control.
Currently, in the research on malodorous gas treatment technology, most of research focuses on hydrogen sulfide gas or ammonia gas, and the research on trimethylamine is rarely reported. At present, the treatment method for trimethylamine gas mainly comprises a physical method, a biological method, a photocatalysis method and the like.
The physical method is mainly to adsorb trimethylamine gas by modified activated carbon, but does not destroy the structure of malodorous gas molecules, and can not achieve the purpose of decomposing the trimethylamine gas, and only the trimethylamine gas is adsorbed and aggregated from a gas phase and is usually only used as an end advanced treatment stage of a deodorizing process.
The biological method mainly adopts a biological filter and a filter tower to degrade trimethylamine gas, and the trimethylamine gas is transferred to a liquid phase by leaching and other methods and then degraded by special microorganisms, so that the process has wider application, but the equipment is generally huge in volume, longer in residence time is required, maintenance and management are complex, and the application is limited due to the influence of temperature and the like.
The photocatalysis method is a novel malodorous gas treatment process, and the trimethylamine gas is degraded through ultraviolet light catalysis, so that the trimethylamine can be degraded thoroughly, but the application is limited because the complex phase catalysis reaction generally requires longer reaction time and is limited by factors such as low luminous efficiency, low ultraviolet light utilization efficiency and the like of an ultraviolet lamp.
Another novel treatment technology, dielectric barrier discharge (DBD, dielectric Barrier Discharge) technology is also applied to the treatment of malodorous gases, and dielectric barrier discharge belongs to the low-temperature plasma range. However, when organic pollutants are treated, a certain coking problem is easy to exist at the lower edge of the DBD discharge area, so that the discharge stability is changed, the safety problem is caused, and in addition, a large amount of ozone generated in the discharge process finally enters an exhaust system due to insufficient reaction time, so that secondary pollution is caused. In addition, there are problems such as purification efficiency to be improved.
Aiming at the problems of easy coking, secondary pollution of ozone and purification efficiency in the DBD technology, the invention provides a device for simultaneously generating dielectric barrier discharge plasma and ultraviolet light with different wavelengths under a set of power supply and applying the technology to the degradation of trimethylamine gas, which not only improves the coking condition of a single DBD reactor when the trimethylamine gas is degraded, but also fully utilizes ozone, combines the decomposition effect of ultraviolet light on the trimethylamine, further improves the purification efficiency of pollutants, and simultaneously widens the application space of the DBD technology in the field of degradation of malodorous gas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for decomposing trimethylamine malodorous gas, which has high purification efficiency, low energy consumption and strong applicability.
The device for decomposing trimethylamine malodorous gas is a novel photoelectric integrated DBD reactor, and the reactor utilizes the principle of generating electrodeless ultraviolet light by excitation of DBD gas discharge under the condition of playing a role in efficiently purifying malodorous gas by a single DBD reactor, simultaneously generates ultraviolet light with various different wavelengths by using one DBD power supply through coupling a multi-region ultraviolet light emitting unit, avoids coking phenomenon in the reactor through the decomposition effect of the ultraviolet light, fully utilizes ozone in the DBD process, improves the pollutant purifying efficiency, reduces the energy consumption, has stronger applicability and is convenient to operate and manage.
The device for decomposing trimethylamine malodorous gas, namely the integrated DBD reactor, provided by the invention has the structure shown in figure 1 and comprises: a DBD gas discharge region, a deep ultraviolet radiation region and a shallow ultraviolet radiation region; wherein:
the DBD gas discharge area consists of an inner dielectric layer, an outer dielectric layer, an inner electrode and an outer electrode; the inner dielectric layer is an insulating material pipe, such as a quartz pipe or a ceramic pipe, the inner electrode is in a stainless steel spring structure, the outer diameter of the spring is equal to the inner diameter of the inner dielectric layer, the spring structure can tightly combine the inner electrode with the inner wall of the inner dielectric layer, partial gas discharge caused by air existing at the joint surface of the electrode and the dielectric layer is avoided, and the inner electrode discharge is more uniform; the outer dielectric layer is also an insulating material tube, such as a quartz tube or a ceramic tube, the outer electrode is also a stainless steel spring structure, the inner diameter of the spring is equal to the outer diameter of the outer dielectric layer, and the outer electrode is sleeved outside the outer dielectric layer; the inner dielectric layer is arranged in the outer dielectric layer; the inner electrode and the outer electrode are connected with a power supply; the upper part of the outer medium layer is provided with an air inlet, and the lower end part of the outer medium layer is provided with an air outlet.
The deep ultraviolet radiation area comprises an outer area closed cavity and an inner area closed cavity, wherein the deep ultraviolet radiation outer area closed cavity is formed by enclosing an outer medium layer and a deep ultraviolet radiation outer area medium tube, and the outer diameter of the deep ultraviolet radiation outer area medium tube is 20-65 mm; the deep ultraviolet radiation inner area closed cavity is formed by enclosing an inner medium layer and a deep ultraviolet radiation inner area medium pipe, and the inner diameter of the deep ultraviolet radiation inner area medium pipe is 10-45 mm; the inside and outside airtight cavity is filled with argon and halogen mixed gas respectively, or filled with rare gas xenon, and is mainly used for generating short wavelength ultraviolet light with the wavelength of about 200nm and below, photon energy exceeds 6 eV, sediment attached to the outer wall of the cavity can be effectively decomposed, the accumulation of the sediment is avoided, the discharge abnormality or the safety problem is caused, and simultaneously, trimethylamine also absorbs the short wavelength ultraviolet light to be directly decomposed.
The shallow ultraviolet radiation area is also divided into an outer area closed cavity and an inner area closed cavity, wherein the shallow ultraviolet radiation outer area closed cavity is formed by enclosing an outer dielectric layer and a shallow ultraviolet radiation outer area dielectric tube, and the outer diameter of the shallow ultraviolet radiation outer area dielectric tube is 20-65 mm; the light ultraviolet radiation inner area closed cavity is formed by enclosing an inner medium layer and a light ultraviolet radiation inner area medium pipe, and the inner diameter of the light ultraviolet radiation inner area medium pipe is 10-45 mm; the inner and outer closed cavities are respectively filled with krypton gas and halogen mixed gas or argon gas and mercury, and are mainly used for generating long-wavelength ultraviolet light with the wavelength of about 250nm, ultraviolet light in the wave band can be effectively absorbed by ozone, ozone which does not completely react with a deep ultraviolet light radiation area can be further decomposed into oxygen atoms with higher activity in a shallow ultraviolet light radiation area, so that the ozone utilization efficiency is improved, and the phenomenon that surplus ozone is discharged into tail gas to cause secondary pollution is avoided.
In the invention, the outer diameter of the inner medium layer can be 8-40 mm, and the outer diameter of the outer medium layer can be 25-70 mm.
In the invention, the ratio of the lengths of the DBD discharge region, the deep ultraviolet radiation region and the shallow ultraviolet radiation region is preferably as follows: (1.3-1.6): (2-3): 1, the geometric proportion can ensure that the coking materials are less deposited in the DBD discharge area, and most of the coking materials are deposited in the deep ultraviolet radiation area along with the carrying of the airflow, and the deposited gelatinous materials are decomposed under the action of short-wavelength ultraviolet light, so that the gas discharge stability of the area is prevented from being influenced, and the photolysis in the area is increased. Long wavelength ultraviolet light is generated in the shallow ultraviolet light radiation area, and the surplus ozone is fully utilized in the area, so that the degradation rate of pollutants is improved.
Features of the invention
1. The DBD gas discharge area, the deep ultraviolet radiation area and the shallow ultraviolet radiation area are integrated units, and the structure is compact;
2. the inner electrode and the outer electrode of the DBD gas discharge area are of stainless steel spring structures, the outer diameter of the inner electrode spring is equal to the inner diameter of the inner dielectric layer, and the inner diameter of the outer electrode spring is equal to the outer diameter of the outer dielectric layer;
3. the deep ultraviolet radiation area comprises two independent inner and outer sealed cavities, wherein the cavities are respectively filled with argon and halogen (fluorine, chlorine and bromine) mixed gas or rare gas xenon, and the deep ultraviolet radiation area is mainly used for generating short-wavelength ultraviolet light with the wavelength of about 200nm and below;
4. the shallow ultraviolet radiation area is also divided into an independent inner sealed cavity and an independent outer sealed cavity, and the cavities are respectively filled with mixed gas of krypton and halogen (fluorine, chlorine and bromine) or filled with argon and mercury and are mainly used for generating long-wavelength ultraviolet light with the wavelength of about 250 nm;
5. the ratio of the lengths of the DBD discharge region, the deep ultraviolet radiation region and the shallow ultraviolet radiation region is as follows: (1.3-1.6): (2-3): 1, the geometric proportion can ensure that the coking materials are less deposited in the DBD discharge area, improves the utilization of surplus ozone and is also beneficial to improving the energy efficiency.
THE ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
Compared with the existing malodorous gas treatment technology, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The multi-zone DBD gas discharge technology is adopted, so that the advantages of single DBD gas discharge are brought into play, short-wavelength and long-wavelength ultraviolet light is respectively generated by utilizing the deep ultraviolet light radiation zone and the shallow ultraviolet light radiation zone, coked sediment and ozone are respectively decomposed, the stable operation and the ozone utilization rate of the reactor are ensured, and compared with the traditional malodorous gas treatment technology, the degradation efficiency is high, and meanwhile, the required gas residence time is short;
(2) Under the condition of power supply of a power supply, DBD degradation and ultraviolet light auxiliary degradation are synergistic, and compared with a single DBD reactor, the degradation of pollutant molecules is more thorough, the coking phenomenon in the reactor is eliminated, and the stable operation of the reactor is ensured;
(3) According to the requirement, different gas components can be filled in the closed cavities of the inner and outer areas of the deep ultraviolet radiation and the inner and outer areas of the shallow ultraviolet radiation, and ultraviolet light with different wavelengths meeting the actual waste gas purification requirement is excited;
(4) And the spring type internal and external electrode structure is adopted, so that the discharge stability and the discharge density are improved. .
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a photoelectrically integrated DBD reactor according to the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1-an inner electrode and an outer electrode; 2-a power supply device; 3-an outer dielectric layer; 4-an inner dielectric layer; a 5-DBD discharge region; 6-deep ultraviolet radiation zone; 7-sealing the cavity in the deep ultraviolet radiation outer region; 8-sealing the cavity in the deep ultraviolet radiation inner area; 9-a deep ultraviolet radiation outer region medium tube; 10-deep ultraviolet radiation inner zone medium pipe; 11-shallow ultraviolet radiation zone; 12-a shallow ultraviolet radiation outer region closed cavity; 13-sealing the cavity in the inner area of the shallow ultraviolet radiation; 14-a shallow ultraviolet radiation outer region medium tube; 15-shallow ultraviolet radiation inner zone medium pipe.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the technology is adopted to treat the odor gas containing trimethylamine, quartz tube inner medium with the wall thickness of 2mm and the inner diameter of 35mm, quartz tube outer medium with the wall thickness of 2mm and the outer diameter of 60mm are adopted, 30000 Pa argon and 900 Pa chlorine mixed gas are filled in the sealed cavity of the inner area and the outer area of the deep ultraviolet radiation area, 35000 Pa krypton and 600 Pa fluorine mixed gas are filled in the sealed cavity of the inner area and the outer area of the shallow ultraviolet radiation area, the discharge voltage is 5000V, and the air inlet concentration of trimethylamine is 1500mg/m 3 The residence time of trimethylamine gas in the reactor was about 0.8. 0.8 s, and the degradation rate of trimethylamine after treatment was 77.2%.
Example 2:
the technology is adopted to treat the odor gas containing trimethylamine, quartz tube inner medium with the wall thickness of 2mm and the inner diameter of 35mm, quartz tube outer medium with the wall thickness of 2mm and the outer diameter of 60mm are adopted, 35000 Pa xenon is filled in the sealed cavity of the inner area and the outer area of the deep ultraviolet radiation area, 20000 Pa krypton and 800 Pa chlorine mixed gas are filled in the filled sealed cavity of the inner area and the outer area of the shallow ultraviolet radiation area, the discharge voltage is 9000V, and the air inlet concentration of trimethylamine is 900mg/m 3 The residence time of trimethylamine gas in the reactor was about 1.2. 1.2 s, and the degradation rate of trimethylamine after the treatment was 95.6%.

Claims (3)

1. A device for decomposing trimethylamine malodorous gas, characterized by being an integrated DBD reactor comprising: a DBD gas discharge region, a deep ultraviolet radiation region and a shallow ultraviolet radiation region; wherein:
the DBD gas discharge area consists of an inner dielectric layer, an outer dielectric layer, an inner electrode and an outer electrode; the inner dielectric layer is an insulating material pipe, the inner electrode is in the inner dielectric layer, the inner electrode is of a stainless steel spring structure, and the outer diameter of the spring is equal to the inner diameter of the inner dielectric layer; the outer dielectric layer is also an insulating material pipe, the outer electrode is also a stainless steel spring structure, the inner diameter of the spring is equal to the outer diameter of the outer dielectric layer, and the outer electrode is sleeved outside the outer dielectric layer; the inner dielectric layer is arranged in the outer dielectric layer; the inner electrode and the outer electrode are connected with a power supply; the upper part of the outer medium layer is provided with an air inlet, and the lower end part of the outer medium layer is provided with an air outlet;
the deep ultraviolet radiation area comprises an outer area closed cavity and an inner area closed cavity, wherein the deep ultraviolet radiation outer area closed cavity is formed by enclosing an outer medium layer and a deep ultraviolet radiation outer area medium tube, and the outer diameter of the deep ultraviolet radiation outer area medium tube is 20-65 mm; the deep ultraviolet radiation inner area closed cavity is formed by enclosing an inner medium layer and a deep ultraviolet radiation inner area medium pipe, and the inner diameter of the deep ultraviolet radiation inner area medium pipe is 10-45 mm; argon and halogen mixed gas or rare gas xenon are filled in the inner and outer closed cavities respectively for generating short-wavelength ultraviolet light;
the shallow ultraviolet radiation area is also divided into an outer area closed cavity and an inner area closed cavity, wherein the shallow ultraviolet radiation outer area closed cavity is formed by enclosing an outer dielectric layer and a shallow ultraviolet radiation outer area dielectric tube, and the outer diameter of the shallow ultraviolet radiation outer area dielectric tube is 20-65 mm; the light ultraviolet radiation inner area closed cavity is formed by enclosing an inner medium layer and a light ultraviolet radiation inner area medium pipe, and the inner diameter of the light ultraviolet radiation inner area medium pipe is 10-45 mm; the inner and outer closed cavities are respectively filled with krypton gas and halogen mixed gas or argon gas and mercury for generating long-wavelength ultraviolet light.
2. The device for decomposing trimethylamine malodorous gas according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the inner medium layer is 8-40 mm, and the outer diameter of the outer medium layer is 25-70 mm.
3. The apparatus for decomposing trimethylamine malodorous gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the lengths of the DBD gas discharge region, the deep ultraviolet radiation region and the shallow ultraviolet radiation region is: (1.3-1.6): (2-3): 1.
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CN108686597B (en) * 2018-05-16 2020-06-02 亚洲硅业(青海)股份有限公司 Gas discharge reactor, gas discharge system and preparation method of trichlorosilane
CN108479385A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-09-04 宝武集团环境资源科技有限公司 Bioxin decomposer and its processing method
CN108877370B (en) * 2018-06-28 2020-12-01 西安建筑科技大学 Teaching experiment method for atmospheric photochemical smog pollution

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CN101934190A (en) * 2010-09-14 2011-01-05 山东派力迪环保工程有限公司 Matrix type dielectric barrier discharge plasma peculiar smell gas treatment device
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