CN106879029B - Information transmission method with high safety energy efficiency based on cooperative communication - Google Patents

Information transmission method with high safety energy efficiency based on cooperative communication Download PDF

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CN106879029B
CN106879029B CN201710114379.2A CN201710114379A CN106879029B CN 106879029 B CN106879029 B CN 106879029B CN 201710114379 A CN201710114379 A CN 201710114379A CN 106879029 B CN106879029 B CN 106879029B
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CN106879029A (en
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任品毅
周先文
杜清河
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
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Abstract

The invention discloses an information transmission method with high safety energy efficiency based on cooperative communication, which comprises the following steps: the transmitting end of the primary user uses the optimal transmitting power P of the primary users *Optimal safe energy efficiency ξ for primary user*And the maximum safe transmission rate U of the master userPTransmitting information, receiving information by the receiving end of the master user and the receiving end of the optimal secondary user, and transmitting the optimal secondary user with the optimal transmitting power P of the optimal secondary userr *The master user combines the information transmitted by the transmitting end of the optimal secondary user with the information transmitted by the transmitting end of the master user, and the combined information is used as the final receiving information of the master user; the optimal secondary user obtains the access frequency spectrum, and then the access frequency spectrum is utilized to obtain the maximum transmission rate U of the optimal secondary usersiThe information transmission method can effectively improve the energy efficiency of the master user and prolong the life cycle of the cognitive radio network.

Description

Information transmission method with high safety energy efficiency based on cooperative communication
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of physical layer security of cognitive wireless networks, and relates to an information transmission method with high security energy efficiency based on cooperative communication.
Background
Cognitive radio networks have attracted considerable attention in recent years as a key technology that can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of network spectrum. Similar to other networks, security issues are also a key issue in cognitive radio networks. In the traditional security scheme, data is encrypted by a public and private key at a network layer, the security is often exchanged by complexity, and a lot of problems exist in the distribution management of the key in actual network deployment. Therefore, physical layer security technology has gained wide attention in recent years both at home and abroad as a supplement to the upper layer encryption method. Reviewing the development process of the physical layer security technology, firstly, shannon proves that the optimal secure communication system exists in the communication theory of his secure system, and the system should be encrypted in a word-one-secret mode. Wyner then further introduced an eavesdropping channel model, demonstrating that when the eavesdropping channel is a degraded channel of a legitimate channel, there is a secure method of not revealing any information to the eavesdropper. However, when the channel condition of the legitimate receiver is worse than that of the eavesdropper, secure communication cannot be guaranteed. In order to overcome the problem, researchers begin to research various relay eavesdropping channel models by utilizing the characteristics and advantages of cooperative communication, and the research shows that the maximum privacy capacity can be obtained through the technologies of relay selection, relay beam forming and the like. However, although the relay node may help the source node to forward the signal and thus improve the security of the source node, in practice the nodes may be selfish and may be unwilling to consume power to help the source node to forward the signal if the node is unable to gain revenue from cooperative communication. Therefore, in view of the problem that Keonkook is based on the concept of spectrum leasing, a new cooperation scheme is proposed, a secondary user with multiple antennas can transmit data simultaneously with a primary user after precoding, but the precoding is required to cause large interference to an eavesdropper as much as possible and small interference to a legal receiver, and the primary user is protected by the interference. On the other hand, due to the technical advantages of relay communication, a method for leasing a frequency spectrum is introduced into the cognitive relay network by a learner, a primary user transmitter can select one of a plurality of secondary users as a relay node, and then select one of the secondary users as an interference machine, so that the safety of the primary user is improved. A disadvantage of these solutions based on cooperative communication is that the secondary user transmitter can only passively accept the transmission rate given to it by the primary user transmitter and cannot actively participate in the decision-making.
In order to overcome the problems, a game of primary users and secondary users is modeled by utilizing a Stackelberg game theory, learners consider the cognitive radio network scene that one primary user pair and N pairs of secondary users exist, when an eavesdropper tries to eavesdrop information of the primary user, in order to guarantee the safety communication of the primary user, the primary user selects one of the N pairs of secondary users as a relay to improve the safety of the primary user, the secondary user is given the opportunity of accessing a frequency spectrum as a reward, the scheme uses the Stackelberg game theory to model the game process of the primary user and the secondary users, and finally the primary user and the secondary users can obtain a Nash equilibrium point through the game, so that the maximum profit of each user is obtained.
However, the above scheme has a problem that the energy efficiency is significant for prolonging the life cycle of the primary user because the secure communication of the primary user in the cognitive radio network is generally limited by the limited energy efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an information transmission method with high safety energy efficiency based on cooperative communication, and the information transmission method can effectively improve the energy efficiency of a master user and prolong the life cycle of a cognitive radio network.
In order to achieve the above object, the information transmission method with high safety and energy efficiency based on cooperative communication according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the steps of setting a master user and N secondary users in a cognitive radio model, wherein the master user and each secondary user are provided with a single antenna and work in a half-duplex mode, and obtaining the optimal transmitting power P of the master users *Optimal safe energy efficiency ξ for primary user*Maximum safe transmission rate U of master userPOptimal secondary user, optimal transmitting power P of optimal secondary userr *And maximum transmission rate U of optimal secondary usersi；
2) The transmitting end of the primary user uses the optimal transmitting power P of the primary users *Optimal safe energy efficiency ξ for primary user*And the maximum safe transmission rate U of the master userPTransmitting information, receiving information by the receiving end of the master user and the receiving end of the optimal secondary user, and transmitting the information received by the receiving end of the optimal secondary user by the optimal transmitting power P of the optimal secondary userr *The receiving end of the master user receives the information transmitted by the transmitting end of the optimal secondary user and transmits the information transmitted by the transmitting end of the optimal secondary user and the information transmitted by the master userThe information transmitted by the transmitting terminal is merged, and the merged information is used as the final receiving information of the master user;
3) the optimal secondary user obtains the access frequency spectrum, and then the access frequency spectrum is utilized to obtain the maximum transmission rate U of the optimal secondary usersiAnd transmitting the signal to finish the information transmission with high safety energy efficiency based on cooperative communication.
Calculating the optimal transmitting power P of the master user in the step 1)s *Optimal safe energy efficiency ξ of primary user, optimal secondary user, optimal transmitting power P of optimal secondary userr *The specific operation is as follows:
let PsAs the transmission power of the primary user, PrThe transmission power of the secondary user, the safe energy efficiency ξ (P) of the primary user transmission ends,Pr) Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001235260100000041
establishing an optimization problem aimed at maximizing the safe energy efficiency of the primary user transmitting end, i.e.
Figure BDA0001235260100000042
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0001235260100000043
for secondary users SUiMaximum power limit of (d);
let secondary user SUiSatisfy Rr≥R0With the proviso of (1), R0The optimal transmitting power of the master user is the correct decoding threshold
Figure BDA0001235260100000044
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001235260100000045
the optimal conditions in equation (2) can be converted into:
Figure BDA0001235260100000046
is provided with
Figure BDA0001235260100000047
Is equivalent to the optimal solution of the parameter planning problem max { R (x) - ξ P (x): x ∈ S }, and the fraction planning takes the maximum value
Figure BDA0001235260100000048
When, if and only if max { R (x) - ξ*P(x):x∈S}＝0；
The optimization problem may be converted to find ξ*,
Figure BDA0001235260100000049
The formula (5) is satisfied, wherein,
max{F(ξ,P)＝Rsec(P)-ξPtot(P):P∈S}＝0 (5)
wherein ξ is the safe energy efficiency of the primary user, P ═ P (P)s,Pr)；
Converting formula (5) to according to the Dinkelbach method:
Figure BDA0001235260100000051
where i is the ith iteration, ξiThe safe energy efficiency of the master user in the ith iteration is obtained;
setting ξiξ of0For F (ξ, P) ═ Rsec(P)-ξPtot(P) P ∈ S is iterated when | F (ξ)i,P*(ξi) Is less than or equal to epsilon, iteration is completed, and the optimal transmitting power of the main user is obtained
Figure BDA0001235260100000052
Optimum safe energy efficiency ξ for primary users*Optimal secondary user, optimal transmitting power of optimal secondary user
Figure BDA0001235260100000053
Wherein the optimal secondary user is the secondary user corresponding to the primary user when the safe energy efficiency is optimal, ξiThe update function of (a) is:
Figure BDA0001235260100000054
P*(ξi) The method is a set formed by the optimal transmitting power of the secondary user and the optimal transmitting power of the primary user in the ith iteration.
The specific operation of solving the optimal transmitting power of the secondary user and the optimal transmitting power of the primary user in the ith iteration is as follows:
assuming that when the functions B (x) and D (x) are slightly convex functions on the convex set, the DC programming optimization problem of the functional form such as min { F (x) ═ B (x) -D (x): x ∈ S } can be equivalently determined by
Figure BDA0001235260100000055
The iterative solution is solved, wherein,
Figure BDA0001235260100000056
is a gradient function;
when ξiWhen fixed, is obtained by formula (6)
min{-F(ξi,P)＝B(P)-D(P):P∈S} (7)
Obtained by the formula (7):
-F(ξi,P)＝B(P)-D(P) (8)
Figure BDA0001235260100000061
Figure BDA0001235260100000062
since b (p) and d (p) are both convex functions and the S set is convex, equation (7) is a typical DC programming problem, and equation (7) can be converted to:
Figure BDA0001235260100000063
wherein the gradient function
Figure BDA0001235260100000064
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001235260100000065
then solving the formula (11) in an iterative manner to obtain the optimal transmitting power of the secondary user and the optimal transmitting power of the primary user during the ith iteration, wherein the iterative convergence condition is as follows:
|-F(ξi,Pk)+F(ξi,Pk-1)|≤τ (13)
wherein, tau>0 is an iterative convergence cutoff constant, PkIs the power allocation at the k-th iteration.
Secondary user SUiThe utility function of (a) is:
Figure BDA0001235260100000066
wherein θ is a cost factor of power consumption;
the primary user maximizes the secure rate revenue function for the primary user by optimizing the slot partition factor α, wherein,
Figure BDA0001235260100000067
then, the primary user and the secondary users play the game to obtain the maximum transmission rate U of the secondary userssiMaximum safe transmission rate U with master userPAnd its corresponding slot division factor α.
The transmitting end of the primary user uses the optimal transmitting power of the primary user
Figure BDA0001235260100000071
Optimum safe energy efficiency ξ for primary users*And a masterMaximum safe transmission rate U of userPTransmitting information, the information received by the receiving end of the master user
Figure BDA0001235260100000072
And the information y received by the receiving end of the optimal secondary userrRespectively as follows:
Figure BDA0001235260100000073
Figure BDA0001235260100000074
the transmitting end of the optimal secondary user uses the optimal transmitting power of the optimal secondary user to the signal received by the receiving end
Figure BDA0001235260100000075
The receiving end of the master user receives the information transmitted by the transmitting end of the optimal secondary user
Figure BDA0001235260100000076
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001235260100000077
final reception information R of master userdComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001235260100000078
the invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the information transmission method with high safety energy efficiency based on cooperative communication is operated in detail, an optimal secondary user is selected from N secondary users, and the optimal transmitting power of a main user is obtained at the same time
Figure BDA0001235260100000079
Optimal safe energy efficiency for primary usersξ*Maximum safe transmission rate U of master userPOptimal transmission power of optimal secondary user
Figure BDA00012352601000000710
And maximum transmission rate U of optimal secondary usersiThen according to the idea of spectrum leasing, the transmitting end of the master user uses the optimal transmitting power of the master user
Figure BDA00012352601000000711
Optimum safe energy efficiency ξ for primary users*And the maximum safe transmission rate U of the master userPTransmitting information, receiving information by the receiving end of the master user and the receiving end of the optimal secondary user, and transmitting the received information by the transmitting end of the optimal secondary user with the optimal transmitting power of the optimal secondary user
Figure BDA0001235260100000081
The master user receives the information transmitted by the optimal secondary user and then combines the information received twice to obtain the final received information, and the optimal secondary user then uses the maximum transmission rate U of the optimal secondary usersiAnd transmitting the information. Compared with the traditional method that the safety rate maximization of the primary user is only considered, the method comprehensively considers the safety transmission rate maximization of the primary user and the transmission rate maximization of the optimal secondary user, so that the energy utilization rate of the primary user is remarkably improved, and the life cycle of the cognitive radio network is prolonged.
Furthermore, the invention realizes the optimization of the safe energy efficiency of the primary user while realizing the optimization of the transmitting power of the primary user and the transmitting power of the optimal secondary user in a mode of twice iteration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system model diagram of a cognitive radio network;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the safe energy efficiency of the present invention and the comparative scheme as a function of the time slot division factor α in a simulation experiment;
fig. 3 is a graph of the safe rate of the present invention and the comparative scheme as a function of the time slot division factor α in a simulation experiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the information transmission method with high safety and energy efficiency based on cooperative communication according to the present invention includes the following steps:
1) it has a master user and N secondary users to establish among the cognitive radio model, master user and every secondary user all are furnished with single antenna and work under half-duplex mode, when the main channel state between the master user is worse than eavesdropping the channel state, then the information security rate of master user is zero, in order to improve the security rate of master user, the user transmitting terminal of master use selects one from N secondary users as the relay to improve the security of own communication, as the repayment, the secondary user of selecting can obtain the chance that the frequency spectrum inserts, then the information transmission process is: calculating the optimal transmitting power of the main user
Figure BDA0001235260100000091
Optimum safe energy efficiency ξ for primary users*Maximum safe transmission rate U of master userPOptimal secondary user, optimal transmitting power of optimal secondary user
Figure BDA0001235260100000092
And maximum transmission rate U of optimal secondary usersi；
2) The transmitting end of the primary user uses the optimal transmitting power of the primary user
Figure BDA0001235260100000093
Optimum safe energy efficiency ξ for primary users*And the maximum safe transmission rate U of the master userPTransmitting information, receiving information by the receiving end of the master user and the receiving end of the optimal secondary user, and transmitting signals received by the receiving end of the optimal secondary user by the transmitting end of the optimal secondary user with the optimal transmitting power P of the optimal secondary userr *The receiving end of the master user receives the information transmitted by the transmitting end of the optimal secondary user, andcombining the information transmitted by the transmitting terminal of the optimal secondary user with the information transmitted by the transmitting terminal of the primary user, and taking the combined information as the final receiving information of the primary user;
3) the optimal secondary user obtains the access frequency spectrum, and then the access frequency spectrum is utilized to obtain the maximum transmission rate U of the optimal secondary usersiAnd transmitting the signal to finish the information transmission with high safety energy efficiency based on cooperative communication.
All channels are additive white Gaussian noise narrow-band Rayleigh fading channels, and the channel coefficient between a transmitting end and a receiving end of a main user is hp，hpsi，hsi，hspiRespectively representing the channel coefficients between a primary user transmitter and a secondary user, between secondary users and a primary user receiver, wherein the transmitting powers of a primary user transmitting end and a secondary user serving as a relay are respectively PsAnd Pr. With maximum power limit of PsmaxAnd PrmaxAll links have a channel noise power of
Figure BDA0001235260100000094
It is assumed in the present invention that all nodes know CSI information of a channel.
Calculating the optimal transmitting power of the master user in the step 1)
Figure BDA0001235260100000101
Optimum safe energy efficiency ξ for primary user, optimum secondary user, optimum transmit power for optimum secondary user
Figure BDA0001235260100000102
The specific operation is as follows:
let PsAs the transmission power of the primary user, PrThe transmission power of the secondary user, the safe energy efficiency ξ (P) of the primary user transmission ends,Pr) Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001235260100000103
establishing an optimization problem aimed at maximizing the safe energy efficiency of the primary user transmitting end, i.e.
Figure BDA0001235260100000104
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0001235260100000105
for secondary users SUiMaximum power limit of (d);
let secondary user SUiSatisfy Rr≥R0With the proviso of (1), R0The optimal transmitting power of the master user is the correct decoding threshold
Figure BDA0001235260100000106
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001235260100000107
the optimal conditions in equation (2) can be converted into:
Figure BDA0001235260100000108
is provided with
Figure BDA0001235260100000109
Is equivalent to the optimal solution of the parameter planning problem max { R (x) - ξ P (x): x ∈ S }, and the fraction planning takes the maximum value
Figure BDA00012352601000001010
When, if and only if max { R (x) - ξ*P(x):x∈S}＝0；
The optimization problem may be switched to find ξ,
Figure BDA0001235260100000111
the formula (5) is satisfied, wherein,
max{F(ξ,P)＝Rsec(P)-ξPtot(P):P∈S}＝0 (5)
wherein ξ is the safe energy efficiency of the primary user, P ═ P (P)s,Pr)；
Converting formula (5) to according to the Dinkelbach method:
Figure BDA0001235260100000112
where i is the ith iteration, ξiThe safe energy efficiency of the master user in the ith iteration is obtained;
setting ξiξ of0For F (ξ, P) ═ Rsec(P)-ξPtot(P) P ∈ S is iterated when | F (ξ)i,P*(ξi) Is less than or equal to epsilon, iteration is completed, and the optimal transmitting power of the main user is obtained
Figure BDA0001235260100000113
Optimum safe energy efficiency ξ of primary user, optimum secondary user, optimum transmitting power of optimum secondary user
Figure BDA0001235260100000114
Wherein the optimal secondary user is the secondary user corresponding to the primary user when the safe energy efficiency is optimal, ξiThe update function of (a) is:
Figure BDA0001235260100000115
P*(ξi) The method is a set formed by the optimal transmitting power of the secondary user and the optimal transmitting power of the primary user in the ith iteration.
The specific operation of solving the optimal transmitting power of the secondary user and the optimal transmitting power of the primary user in the ith iteration is as follows:
assuming that when functions B (x) and D (x) are slightly convex functions on the convex set, the DC programming optimization problem in the form of functions such as min { F (x) ═ B (x) -D (x): x ∈ S } can be equivalently determined by
Figure BDA0001235260100000116
Iterative solutionAnd a control unit for controlling, among others,
Figure BDA0001235260100000117
is a gradient function;
when ξiWhen fixed, is obtained by formula (6)
min{-F(ξi,P)＝B(P)-D(P):P∈S} (7)
Obtained by the formula (7):
-F(ξi,P)＝B(P)-D(P) (8)
Figure BDA0001235260100000121
Figure BDA0001235260100000122
since b (p) and d (p) are both convex functions and the S set is convex, equation (7) is a typical DC programming problem, and equation (7) can be converted to:
Figure BDA0001235260100000123
wherein the gradient function
Figure BDA0001235260100000124
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001235260100000125
then solving the formula (11) in an iterative manner to obtain the optimal transmitting power of the secondary user and the optimal transmitting power of the primary user during the ith iteration, wherein the iterative convergence condition is as follows:
|-F(ξi,Pk)+F(ξi,Pk-1)|≤τ (13)
wherein, tau>0 is an iterative convergence cutoff constant, PkIs the power allocation at the k-th iteration.
In addition, a secondary user SUiThe utility function of (a) is:
Figure BDA0001235260100000126
wherein θ is a cost factor of power consumption;
the primary user maximizes the secure rate revenue function for the primary user by optimizing the slot partition factor α, wherein,
Figure BDA0001235260100000131
then, the primary user and the secondary users play the game to obtain the maximum transmission rate U of the secondary userssiMaximum safe transmission rate U with master userPThe balance point and the time slot dividing factor α corresponding to the balance point, the specific operation of the primary user and the secondary user for playing the game is as follows:
a) for N secondary users, calculating the optimal revenue function of the secondary user i under each time slot division factor α, and determining the maximum power which the selected secondary user i is willing to provide for the primary user transmitting end
Figure BDA0001235260100000132
b) The primary user transmitting end is divided by α in a given time slot and
Figure BDA0001235260100000133
on the premise of obtaining the maximum safe energy efficiency by optimizing the formula (2);
c) by optimizing α
Figure BDA0001235260100000134
Obtaining the optimal benefit, and obtaining the maximum value of the safe rate while obtaining the maximum safe energy efficiency by the master user;
d) three-surface three-step method for obtaining Nash equilibrium point
Figure BDA0001235260100000135
The transmitting end of the master user in the step 2) is used as the masterOptimum transmission power of user
Figure BDA0001235260100000136
Optimum safe energy efficiency ξ for primary users*And the maximum safe transmission rate U of the master userPTransmitting information, the information received by the receiving end of the master user
Figure BDA0001235260100000137
And the information y received by the receiving end of the optimal secondary userrRespectively as follows:
Figure BDA0001235260100000138
Figure BDA0001235260100000139
the transmitting end of the optimal secondary user in the step 2) uses the optimal transmitting power of the optimal secondary user to transmit the signal received by the receiving end of the optimal secondary user
Figure BDA00012352601000001310
The receiving end of the master user receives the information transmitted by the transmitting end of the optimal secondary user
Figure BDA00012352601000001311
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA00012352601000001312
final receiving information R of master user in step 2)dComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001235260100000141
in step 3), the secondary user obtains the opportunity of accessing the frequency spectrum to transmit own data, and the transmission rate R of the secondary usersiComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001235260100000142
and I is the optimal secondary user.
In order to analyze the safe energy efficiency of the main network, the power consumption model of the power consumed by the primary user transmitting end and the optimal secondary user in the step 2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0001235260100000143
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0001235260100000144
and
Figure BDA0001235260100000145
power consumption of the primary user transmitting end and the optimal secondary user transmitting circuit respectively,
Figure BDA0001235260100000146
power amplification efficiency is η for optimal power consumption when the secondary user receives the signal transmitted by the primary user.
Simulation experiment
The method comprises the steps that a pair of main users and four pairs of secondary users exist in a system, an eavesdropper tries to eavesdrop information of the main users, in order to improve the safety of a main user transmitting end, one secondary user with the best safety energy efficiency is selected from the four pairs of secondary users according to the method, so that the safety of the main user transmitting end is improved, and the secondary user is used for reporting the opportunity that the secondary user transmitting end obtains spectrum access; all nodes are located on a horizontal line, the distance between a main user transmitting end and a main user receiving end is normalized, the main user transmitting end is located at (0,0), 4 secondary users are located at the middle point d which is 0.5, and the main user and an eavesdropper are located at the position d which is 1. R0The maximum power limit of the primary user transmitting end and the secondary user is respectively P smax1 and P max1, θ is the power cost factor of the secondary user when playing, η is 0.38,
Figure BDA0001235260100000151
for additive noise of the channel, the channel is an additive noise narrow-band Rayleigh fading channel, and obeys distribution hij～CN(0，uij)，uij＝d-μAnd mu is 3. The parameter setting of the comparison scheme is the same as that of the invention, the primary user transmitting end and the secondary user set are analyzed based on a game theory framework, except that the utility function of the primary user transmitting end is a safe rate without considering energy efficiency, the utility functions of the secondary users are the same, and then the primary user transmitting end and the secondary users play games.
Fig. 2 may reflect that the present invention is much more energy efficient than the comparative case.
The comparison scheme takes the safe rate of a master user as an optimization target, the invention considers the energy efficiency while considering the safety, the safe energy efficiency is used as an evaluation index of the system comprehensively, the comparison scheme sometimes needs to spend a large amount of power in a relay channel model to improve the safe rate a little because the safety rate is used as the optimization target, and the comparison scheme is not cost from the economic point of view, but the invention obviously improves the energy efficiency of the system on the premise of tolerating the reduction of the safe rate to a certain degree.
In fig. 3, the comparative trend of the safety rate with the variation of the time slot dividing factor α of the present invention and the comparative scheme is simulated.
When the time slot division factor α is gradually increased from 0.1, the time allocated by the primary user transmitter is gradually increased, and then the security rate is definitely gradually increased, when α is greater than 0.5 and approaches 1, although the time allocated by the primary user transmitting end is more and more, at the same time, the time 1- α when the selected secondary user accesses the frequency spectrum is gradually reduced, however, the willingness of the secondary user to consume power for cooperative communication is reduced, so that the full rate of the primary user is also gradually in a downward trend, and therefore the trend of the whole graph is an upward trend and a downward trend as shown in the figure.
In conclusion, the safety energy efficiency is optimized, so that the safety of the master user can be guaranteed under the condition that the master user is intercepted, and the energy efficiency of the master user can be improved. The cooperation process comprises the steps that the primary user selects a most appropriate secondary user from the N secondary users to serve as a relay node to help improve the data transmission safety of the primary user, and the selected secondary user is allowed to access the frequency spectrum to transmit the information to be transmitted as a reward. Therefore, firstly, the problem is modeled into a Starkeberg game theory problem, the primary user and the secondary user respectively serve as a leader and a follower, the safety and the energy efficiency of the primary user and the transmission rate of the secondary user are comprehensively considered, and the safety and the energy efficiency are specifically analyzed. Simulation results show that compared with the traditional method of only considering the maximization of the safe rate, the method provided by the invention obviously improves the energy utilization efficiency of the main user on the premise of tolerating the reduction of the safe rate to a certain extent.
While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A high-safety energy-efficiency information transmission method based on cooperative communication is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the method comprises the steps of setting a master user and N secondary users in a cognitive radio model, wherein the master user and each secondary user are provided with a single antenna and work in a half-duplex mode, and obtaining the optimal transmitting power P of the master users *Optimal safe energy efficiency ξ for primary user*Maximum safe transmission rate U of master userPOptimal secondary user, optimal transmitting power of optimal secondary user
Figure FDA0002359836750000011
And maximum transmission rate U of optimal secondary usersi；
2) The transmitting end of the primary user uses the optimal transmitting power of the primary userPs *Optimal safe energy efficiency ξ for primary user*And the maximum safe transmission rate U of the master userPTransmitting information, receiving information by the receiving end of the master user and the receiving end of the optimal secondary user, and transmitting the information received by the receiving end of the optimal secondary user by the optimal transmitting power of the optimal secondary user
Figure FDA0002359836750000012
The receiving end of the master user receives the information transmitted by the transmitting end of the optimal secondary user, combines the information transmitted by the transmitting end of the optimal secondary user with the information transmitted by the transmitting end of the master user, and takes the combined information as the final receiving information of the master user;
3) the optimal secondary user obtains the access frequency spectrum, and then the access frequency spectrum is utilized to obtain the maximum transmission rate U of the optimal secondary usersiAnd transmitting the signal to finish the information transmission with high safety energy efficiency based on cooperative communication.
2. The cooperative communication-based high-safety energy-efficiency information transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the optimal transmission power P of the primary user is calculated in step 1)s *Optimal safe energy efficiency ξ for primary user, optimal secondary user, optimal transmit power for optimal secondary user
Figure FDA0002359836750000013
The specific operation is as follows:
let PsAs the transmission power of the primary user, PrThe transmission power of the secondary user, the safe energy efficiency ξ (P) of the primary user transmission ends,Pr) Comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002359836750000021
establishing an optimization problem aimed at maximizing the safe energy efficiency of the primary user transmitting end, i.e.
Figure FDA0002359836750000022
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002359836750000023
for secondary users SUiMaximum power limit of (d);
let secondary user SUiSatisfy Rr≥R0With the proviso of (1), R0The optimal transmitting power P of the master user is the correct decoding thresholds *Comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002359836750000024
the optimal conditions in equation (2) can be converted into:
Figure FDA0002359836750000025
is provided with
Figure FDA0002359836750000026
Is equivalent to the optimal solution of the parameter planning problem max { R (x) - ξ P (x): x ∈ S }, and the fraction planning takes the maximum value
Figure FDA0002359836750000027
When, if and only if max { R (x) - ξ*P(x):x∈S}＝0；
The optimization problem may be converted to find ξ*,Ps *,
Figure FDA0002359836750000028
The formula (5) is satisfied, wherein,
max{F(ξ,P)＝Rsec(P)-ξPtot(P):P∈S}＝0 (5)
wherein ξ is the safe energy efficiency of the primary user, P ═ P (P)s,Pr)；
Converting formula (5) to according to the Dinkelbach method:
Figure FDA0002359836750000029
where i is the ith iteration, ξiThe safe energy efficiency of the master user in the ith iteration is obtained;
setting ξiξ of0For F (ξ, P) ═ Rsec(P)-ξPtot(P) P ∈ S is iterated when | F (ξ)i,P*(ξi) Is less than or equal to epsilon, iteration is completed, and the optimal transmitting power P of the main user is obtaineds *Optimal safe energy efficiency ξ for primary user*Optimal secondary user, optimal transmitting power of optimal secondary user
Figure FDA0002359836750000031
Wherein the optimal secondary user is the secondary user corresponding to the primary user when the safe energy efficiency is optimal, ξiThe update function of (a) is:
Figure FDA0002359836750000032
P*(ξi) The method is a set formed by the optimal transmitting power of the secondary user and the optimal transmitting power of the primary user in the ith iteration.
3. The cooperative communication-based information transmission method with high safety energy efficiency according to claim 2, wherein the specific operations of solving the optimal transmit power of the secondary user and the optimal transmit power of the primary user at the ith iteration are as follows:
assuming that when the functions B (x) and D (x) are slightly convex functions on the convex set, the DC programming optimization problem of the functional form such as min { F (x) ═ B (x) -D (x): x ∈ S } can be equivalently determined by
Figure FDA0002359836750000033
The iterative solution is solved, wherein,
Figure FDA0002359836750000034
is a gradient function;
when ξiWhen fixed, is obtained by formula (6)
min{-F(ξi,P)＝B(P)-D(P):P∈S} (7)
Obtained by the formula (7):
-F(ξi,P)＝B(P)-D(P) (8)
Figure FDA0002359836750000035
Figure FDA0002359836750000041
since b (p) and d (p) are both convex functions and the S set is convex, equation (7) is a typical DC programming problem, and equation (7) can be converted to:
Figure FDA0002359836750000042
wherein the gradient function
Figure FDA0002359836750000043
Comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002359836750000044
then solving the formula (11) in an iterative manner to obtain the optimal transmitting power of the secondary user and the optimal transmitting power of the primary user during the ith iteration, wherein the iterative convergence condition is as follows:
|-F(ξi,Pk)+F(ξi,Pk-1)|≤τ (13)
wherein, tau>0 is an iterative convergence cutoff constant, PkIs the power allocation at the k-th iteration.
4. The cooperative communication-based high-security energy-efficiency information transmission method according to claim 3,
secondary user SUiThe utility function of (a) is:
Figure FDA0002359836750000045
wherein θ is a cost factor of power consumption;
the primary user maximizes the secure rate revenue function for the primary user by optimizing the slot partition factor α, wherein,
Figure FDA0002359836750000046
then, the primary user and the secondary users play the game to obtain the maximum transmission rate U of the secondary userssiMaximum safe transmission rate U with master userPAnd its corresponding slot division factor α.
5. The method for high-safety energy-efficiency information transmission based on cooperative communication as claimed in claim 4, wherein the transmitting end of the primary user uses the optimal transmitting power P of the primary users *Optimal safe energy efficiency ξ for primary user*And the maximum safe transmission rate U of the master userPTransmitting information, the information received by the receiving end of the master user
Figure FDA0002359836750000051
And the information y received by the receiving end of the optimal secondary userrRespectively as follows:
Figure FDA0002359836750000052
Figure FDA0002359836750000053
6. the method for high-safety energy-efficiency information transmission based on cooperative communication of claim 5, wherein the transmitting end of the optimal secondary user uses the signal received by the receiving end thereof with the optimal transmitting power of the optimal secondary user
Figure FDA0002359836750000054
The receiving end of the master user receives the information transmitted by the transmitting end of the optimal secondary user
Figure FDA0002359836750000055
Comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002359836750000056
7. the cooperative communication-based high-security energy-efficiency information transmission method according to claim 6, wherein the final reception information R of the primary userdComprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002359836750000057
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