CN106877526B - The restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space - Google Patents
The restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space Download PDFInfo
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- CN106877526B CN106877526B CN201710169077.5A CN201710169077A CN106877526B CN 106877526 B CN106877526 B CN 106877526B CN 201710169077 A CN201710169077 A CN 201710169077A CN 106877526 B CN106877526 B CN 106877526B
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses the restructural focusing systems of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space, belong to technical field of radio.The present invention is by introducing parasitic scattering device, it adjusts the impedance that regulating reflection loads in parasitic scattering device and realizes that electromagnetic wave focal position is restructural in enclosure space, so that the position of microwave energy receiver is no longer limited by the standing wave antinodal point position of discrete distribution in enclosure space, higher energy transmission efficiency is kept when environment changes in the enclosed space and during microwave energy receiver moves, to realize system for the adaptive adjustment of environmental change and power to the tracking of mobile receiver.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses the restructural focusing systems of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space, belong to technical field of radio.
Background technology
Compared with the wireless transmit-receive technology of open space, radiation loss is not present in electromagnetic wave in enclosure space.Microwave electromagnetic
Multipath phenomenon caused by multiple roundtrip is unfavorable for the signal of communication field and propagates wave in the enclosed space, but is conducive to wireless
The high efficiency of transmission of energy.For same transceiver spacing, the efficiency that microwave energy transfer is likely to be breached in enclosure space is far high
It can be used for for the mobile phone inside building or car and boat, wireless biography in microwave energy transfer technology in open space, enclosure space
The electronic equipments such as sensor, RFID tag provide wireless charging.Therefore it is possible to real using enclosure space transmission microwave energy
To the high efficiency wireless power of electronic equipment on now relatively remote.However, existing technology requires the electronic equipment being powered
It is positioned in enclosure space near the antinodal point of standing electromagnetic wave.For specific microwave frequency, the distribution of standing wave antinodal point is depended on
In the size and structure of enclosure space, and standing wave antinodal point position is fixed.Therefore the technology requires the position of electronic equipment opposite
It is fixed, and need the position that microwave antinodal point is determined in advance, for the enclosure space of labyrinth, the position of standing wave antinodal point
It sets and usually requires to determine by more complicated simulation calculating or actual measurement.
Invention content
The goal of the invention of the present invention is the deficiency for above-mentioned background technology, provides microwave wireless energy in enclosure space
It is empty to realize closing by introducing parasitic scattering device in wireless energy transfer system in the enclosed space for restructural focusing system
The dynamic of interior electromagnetic wave focal position adjusts, and solves microwave energy receiver position in enclosure space and is limited to discrete distribution
Standing wave antinodal point position the technical issues of.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that for achieving the above object：
The restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space, including：
Wireless energy transmission device, in the enclosed space excitation form electromagnetic wave,
At least one parasitic scattering device encourages the electromagnetic wave to be formed to be scattered wireless energy transmission device, forms amplitude
With the scattering electromagnetic wave of phase-adjustable, and,
Wireless energy receiver receives wireless energy transmission device and the electromagnetic wave to be formed and parasitic scattering device is encouraged to scatter
The electromagnetic wave of amplitude and phase-adjustable.
Scheme, parasitic scattering device packet are advanced optimized as the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space
The regulating reflection that electromagnetic scattering unit and load are included in its terminal loads, and the electromagnetic scattering unit receives wireless energy
Transmitter encourages the portion of energy for the electromagnetic wave to be formed and exports the microwave energy received to regulating reflection and loads, adjustable anti-
It penetrates load received microwave energy is adjusted to the back wave of amplitude and phase-adjustable and be reflected back electromagnetic scattering unit, and
Form the scattering electromagnetic wave of amplitude and phase-adjustable in the enclosed space by electromagnetic scattering unit.
Further, in enclosure space in the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy, regulating reflection load for
The PIN diode or field-effect transistor of open circuit and short-circuit two states.
Further, in enclosure space in the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy, regulating reflection load is use
The capacitive load for the impedance adjustable that varactor is realized.
Further, in enclosure space in the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy, regulating reflection load is use
Varactor cascaded impedance converts the inductive load for the impedance adjustable that transmission line is realized.
Further, in enclosure space in the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy, regulating reflection load includes single
Knife throws the different capacitor and inductor element of the lumped parameter of RF switch and load in its each port more.
As the further prioritization scheme of the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space, wireless energy hair
Emitter includes：
Microwave power source generates microwave energy and feeds to unit connected to it, and,
Excitation of electromagnetic wave unit, input termination microwave power source output end, the microwave energy for encouraging its input terminal to receive
Form electromagnetic wave.
As the further prioritization scheme of the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space, wireless energy connects
Receiving device includes：
Electromagnetic wave receiving unit receives wireless energy transmission device and the electromagnetic wave to be formed and parasitic scattering device is encouraged to scatter
The electromagnetic wave of amplitude and phase-adjustable,
Radio frequency-DC conversion unit, the output end of input termination electromagnetic wave receiving unit, the electromagnetic wave of reception is converted
For DC energy and export, and,
DC energy storage unit, the output end of input termination radio frequency-DC conversion unit, stores the reception of its input terminal
DC energy.
The present invention uses above-mentioned technical proposal, has the advantages that：
（1）The present invention adjusts the impedance that regulating reflection loads in parasitic scattering device and realizes envelope by introducing parasitic scattering device
It is restructural to close electromagnetic wave focal position in space so that the position of microwave energy receiver is no longer limited by discrete in enclosure space
The standing wave antinodal point position of distribution, when environment changes in the enclosed space and during microwave energy receiver moves
Higher energy transmission efficiency is kept, to realize system for the adaptive adjustment of environmental change and to mobile receiver
Tracking power supply；
（2）It is limited to wireless energy transfer system in the enclosure space of standing wave anti-node location relative to receiver position, this
The system that invention proposes eliminates the miscellaneous work of determining standing wave antinodal point position, improves electric energy efficiency of transmission.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space.
Fig. 2 (a) is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the restructural focusing system embodiment of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space, Fig. 2 (b)
For the side schematic view of the restructural focusing system embodiment of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space.
Fig. 3 (a) is the total field distribution reconfigurability energy simulation model of electromagnetism in enclosure space, and Fig. 3 (b), Fig. 3 (c) are respectively
Scattering unit loads simulation result when open-circuited load and short circuit load.
Fig. 4 (a) is the restructural experimental setup schematic diagram for focusing transmission microwave energy in enclosure space；Fig. 4 (b), Fig. 4
(c), Fig. 4 (d) be receiving unit x coordinate is within the scope of 0.2 m to 0.8 m and y-coordinate is respectively 0.9 m, 0.8 m, 0.7 m
When, whether there is or not the energy transmission efficiency comparison diagrams under regulating reflection loading condition in scattering unit for wireless transmitting system.
Specific implementation mode
The technical solution of invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention proposes a kind of method for focusing transmission wireless energy restructural in the enclosed space.This method uses one
Wireless energy transmission device encourages within the enclosed space forms standing electromagnetic wave distribution, by adjusting electromagnetic wave in multiple parasitic scattering devices
The impedance of the regulating reflection load of scattering unit terminal loads or on off state carry out weight to the total field distribution of electromagnetism in enclosure space
Structure so that electromagnetic wave focuses on wireless energy receiver position, realizes efficient microwave energy transfer.
The present invention enclosure space in the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy as shown in Figure 1, enclosure space boundary by
Metal or other materials that in specific one or multiple frequency ranges microwave electromagnetic waves can be generated with total reflection are constituted.Wireless energy
It includes a microwave power source and an excitation of electromagnetic wave unit to measure transmitter, and microwave power source is for generating wireless energy transmission
The microwave energy of required microwave energy, microwave power source output is fed to the input port of excitation of electromagnetic wave unit, electromagnetic wave
The microwave energy of input is converted to the microwave electromagnetic waves in enclosure space by exciting unit, and part microwave energy passes through the electromagnetic wave
Coupled transfer is to multiple parasitic scattering devices.The structure of multiple parasitic scattering devices is identical, include electromagnetic scattering unit and
One regulating reflection load, the microwave energy reflective that regulating reflection load receives electromagnetic scattering unit return electromagnetic scattering
Unit forms scattering electromagnetic wave by electromagnetic scattering unit in the enclosed space, by the impedance for adjusting regulating reflection load
The amplitude and phase characteristic of scattering electromagnetic wave can be controlled.The scattering electromagnetic wave that multiple parasitic scattering devices are formed is sent out with wireless energy
The electromagnetic wave of emitter excitation is superimposed the electromagnetism resultant field to be formed in enclosure space.Wireless energy receiver includes that electromagnetic wave receives list
Member, radio frequency-DC conversion unit and DC energy storage unit, electromagnetic wave receiving unit export received microwave energy extremely
The microwave energy of input is converted to direct current output by radio frequency-DC conversion unit, radio frequency-DC conversion unit, the direct current output
Energy stores are in DC energy storage unit.
Wireless energy transmission efficiency is defined as the microwave power and wireless energy transmission device that wireless energy receiver receives
The ratio of the microwave power of microwave power source output.Wireless energy transmission efficiency depends on point of electromagnetism resultant field inside enclosure space
The position of cloth and wireless energy receiver.The impedance control that the present invention is loaded by adjusting the regulating reflection of multiple parasitic scattering devices
The distribution character of multiple scattering electromagnetic waves is made, and then realizes the reconstruct of the total field distribution of electromagnetism in enclosure space, passes through electromagnetism resultant field
Reconstruct microwave energy is focused on into wireless energy receiver position, to realize efficient wireless energy transfer.
Wireless energy transfer open after, in enclosure space environmental change and the movement of wireless energy receiver position can
So that wireless energy transmission efficiency changes.The solution of the present invention periodic monitoring wireless energy transmission efficiency, works as wireless energy
When efficiency of transmission is less than certain threshold value（Such as 80%）, the impedance of the regulating reflection load in multiple parasitic scattering devices is adjusted, until
Wireless energy transmission efficiency is higher than set threshold value.
The realization method that regulating reflection loads in parasitic scattering device includes but not limited to following several realization methods：(i) lead to
It crosses PIN diode or switch with field-effect transistors realizes open/short load；(ii) different resistances are formed using varactor
The capacitive load of anti-value；(iii) varactor cascaded impedance transformation transmission line is used to realize that the perception of different impedance values is negative
It carries；(iv) use hilted broadsword to throw RF switch, it is multiple not to load different lumped parameter capacitor and inductor elements realizations in different port more
With the switching of load impedance.
Fig. 2 is the restructural focusing system embodiment schematic diagram of microwave wireless energy in inventive closure space, and Fig. 2 (a) is
The stereoscopic schematic diagram of the embodiment, Fig. 2 (b) are the side schematic view of the embodiment.The embodiment builds one using metallic walls
The totally enclosed cubical area that the length of side is 1 meter, the excitation of electromagnetic wave unit of wireless energy transmission device, the electromagnetism of parasitic scattering device
The electromagnetic wave receiving unit of scattering of wave unit and wireless energy receiver is all made of the metal of a length of 17cm placed in the z-direction
Probe structure.The microwave power of the microwave power source output 420MHz of wireless energy transmission device.The load of electromagnetic scattering unit
The switching between open/short state is realized in regulating reflection load using RF switch.Excitation of electromagnetic wave unit and scattering unit
Position is fixed, and scattering unit is capable of the microwave energy of close coupling excitation of electromagnetic wave unit transmitting, electromagnetic wave receiving unit position
It can be moved in certain area.By the open/short state for switching regulating reflection load so that electromagnetic field point in enclosure space
Cloth reconstructs, and the maximization of wireless energy transmission efficiency can be realized in the optimum state combination for choosing regulating reflection load.
Fig. 3 is that the total field distribution reconfigurability of electromagnetism can emulate mould in the enclosure space based on embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 schematic diagram
Type and simulation result.The specific embodiment includes a wireless energy transmission device and a parasitic scattering device.As shown in Fig. 3 (a),
The excitation of electromagnetic wave unit of wireless energy transmission device is located at the position of (x=70 cm, y=20 cm, z=0 cm), parasitic
The electromagnetic scattering unit of scatterer is located at the position of (x=70 cm, y=30 cm, z=0 cm).Scattering unit point
When Jia Zai not open a way with short circuit load, simulation calculation region (0< x < 1 m, 0.5 m < y < 1 m, z = 0 cm)
Interior electric field amplitude in the z-direction | Ez | distribution such as Fig. 3 (b) and Fig. 3 (c) shown in.Wherein, Fig. 3 (b) is scattering unit load open circuit
When load | Ez | field distribution.When Fig. 3 (c) is scattering unit load short circuit load | Ez | field distribution.Two kinds of different loads pair
Two kinds of entirely different electric-field intensity distributions are answered, it is proposed by the present invention by adjusting parasitic scattering device reflective loads to demonstrate
The feasibility that magnetic distribution is restructural in enclosure space is realized in impedance.
Fig. 4 is that restructural focusing transmission microwave energy experiment is set in the enclosure space based on embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 schematic diagram
It sets and test result.It is connect comprising 1 wireless energy transmission device, 9 parasitic scattering devices and 1 wireless energy in the specific embodiment
Receive device.The excitation of electromagnetic wave cell position of wireless energy transmission device is as shown in the triangular marker in Fig. 4 (a), 9 parasitic scatterings
The electromagnetic scattering unit position of device is as shown in the circular mark in Fig. 4 (a).The electromagnetic wave of wireless energy receiver receives
Unit is in region (0.2< x < 0.8 m, 0.5 m < y <The cm of 1 m, z=0) interior different location when, pass through control 9
The regulating reflection of a parasitic scattering device, which is supported between open circuit and short-circuit two states, to be switched, until energy transmission efficiency reaches most
Big value.When receiving unit position y-coordinate be 0.9 m, when x coordinate takes different value within the scope of 0.2 m to 0.8 m, wireless energy
It is shown in solid in the maximum value such as Fig. 4 (b) of amount efficiency of transmission.When the y-coordinate of receiving unit position is 0.8 m, x coordinate is 0.2
It is shown in solid in the maximum value such as Fig. 4 (c) of wireless energy transmission efficiency when taking different value within the scope of m to 0.8 m.It is single when receiving
The y-coordinate of first position is 0.7 m, when x coordinate takes different value within the scope of 0.2 m to 0.8 m, wireless energy transmission efficiency
It is shown in solid in maximum value such as Fig. 4 (d).In the case of above-mentioned three kinds, the corresponding energy transmission efficiency in all positions has reached 75%
More than.All parasitic scattering devices are removed as a comparison, being represented by dashed lines in Fig. 4 (b), Fig. 4 (c) and Fig. 4 (d), i.e. closing is empty
In only include 1 transmitter unit and 1 receiving unit under conditions of, receiving unit is located at corresponding wireless energy when same location
Measure efficiency of transmission.Dotted line represent the result shows that, when not using restructural scheme proposed by the present invention, receiving unit it is above-mentioned not
Receiving power with position, there are notable differences.For example, the position in x=0.5, energy transmission efficiency is less than 1%.It is real in Fig. 4
The comparison of line and dotted line demonstrates proposed by the present invention by adjusting in parasitic scattering device reflected load impedance realization enclosure space
The restructural method of magnetic distribution can effectively improve wireless energy transmission efficiency.
Claims (7)
1. the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space, which is characterized in that including：
Wireless energy transmission device, in the enclosed space excitation form electromagnetic wave,
At least one parasitic scattering device encourages the electromagnetic wave to be formed to be scattered with formation amplitude and phase wireless energy transmission device
The adjustable scattering electromagnetic wave in position, parasitic scattering device include that electromagnetic scattering unit and load are negative in the regulating reflection of its terminal
It carries, the electromagnetic scattering unit receives wireless energy transmission device and encourages the portion of energy for the electromagnetic wave to be formed and will receive
Microwave energy is exported to regulating reflection and is loaded, and received microwave energy is adjusted to amplitude for regulating reflection load and phase can
The back wave back reflection telegram in reply magnetic wave scattering unit of tune, and amplitude and phase are formed by electromagnetic scattering unit in the enclosed space
The adjustable scattering electromagnetic wave in position, and,
Wireless energy receiver receives the amplitude that wireless energy transmission device encourages the electromagnetic wave to be formed and parasitic scattering device to scatter
With the electromagnetic wave of phase-adjustable.
2. the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described can
It is PIN diode or field-effect transistor with open circuit and short-circuit two states to adjust reflective loads.
3. the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described can
It is the capacitive load for the impedance adjustable realized using varactor to adjust reflective loads.
4. the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described can
It is the inductive load that the impedance adjustable that transmission line is realized is converted using varactor cascaded impedance to adjust reflective loads.
5. the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy in enclosure space according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described can
It includes that hilted broadsword throws the different capacitor and inductor element of the lumped parameter of RF switch and load in its each port more to adjust reflective loads.
6. special according to the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy in any one of claim 1 to 5 enclosure space
Sign is that the wireless energy transmission device includes：
Microwave power source generates microwave energy and feeds to unit connected to it, and,
Excitation of electromagnetic wave unit, input termination microwave power source output end, encourages the microwave energy that its input terminal receives to be formed
Electromagnetic wave.
7. special according to the restructural focusing system of microwave wireless energy in any one of claim 1 to 5 enclosure space
Sign is that the wireless energy receiver includes：
Electromagnetic wave receiving unit receives the amplitude that wireless energy transmission device encourages the electromagnetic wave to be formed and parasitic scattering device to scatter
With the electromagnetic wave of phase-adjustable,
Radio frequency-DC conversion unit, the output end of input termination electromagnetic wave receiving unit, the electromagnetic wave of reception is converted to directly
Stream energy simultaneously exports, and,
DC energy storage unit, the output end of input termination radio frequency-DC conversion unit, stores the straight of its input terminal reception
Stream energy.
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| CN109638984B (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2022-05-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for realizing near-field focusing in microwave wireless power transmission system |
| CN111106854B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-02-05 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Wireless energy-carrying communication system with scattering communication and low-power-consumption voltage monitoring functions |
| CN111147109B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-02-02 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Wireless energy-carrying communication system with scattering communication and voltage monitoring functions |
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| US7608974B2 (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2009-10-27 | Chien-Min Sung | Diamond-like carbon devices and methods for the use and manufacture thereof |
| US20060284593A1 (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2006-12-21 | Nagy Louis L | Wireless battery charging system and method |
| US8629650B2 (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2014-01-14 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Wireless power transfer using multiple transmit antennas |
| US8891347B2 (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2014-11-18 | Empire Technology Development Llc | User-focusing technique for wireless communication systems |
| NZ702514A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2016-11-25 | Humavox Ltd | Wireless charging device |
| CN106026317B (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2018-05-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Wireless energy transfer system and its control method in enclosure space |
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