CN106876665B - Silicon carbide composite particles, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Silicon carbide composite particles, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of silicon carbide composite particles, preparation method and applications.The silicon carbide composite particles are mainly made of nano-silicon, carbon nanotube and organic cracking carbon, and the carbon nanotube is mutually wound porous particle structure；The carbon nanotube is interspersed in nano-silicon gap and forms porous structure and the carrier as nano-silicon, and provides conductive network, which can be effectively relieved the volume expansion of nano-silicon charge and discharge process；Organic cracking carbon is filled between nano-silicon and carbon nanotube, and the attachment of nano-silicon on the carbon nanotubes can be improved, and is desorbed after preventing nano-silicon from volume deformation occurs, while being reduced nano-silicon and being contacted with the direct of electrolyte.The silicon carbide composite particles have excellent cycling performance, specific capacity, high rate performance and low volume bulking effect, it can be used as a kind of ideal cathode material of lithium ion battery, while its simple production process is easily-controllable, product size is uniform, regular appearance is suitble to large-scale industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite nano materials, and in particular to a kind of silicon carbide composite particles and preparation method thereof with answer
With, such as the application in lithium cell cathode material field.
Background technique
In lithium-ion battery system, cell negative electrode material is the weight for influencing lithium ion secondary battery energy and cycle life
Want factor.The theoretical storage lithium specific capacity of silicon is to be so far much larger than the theoretical capacity (372mAh/g) of graphite for 4200mAh/g
The only highest negative electrode material of theoretical capacity.
But silicon electrode is usually associated with up to 300% volume change in charge and discharge process, leads to electrode structure
The peeling of avalanche and active material, sharp fall is even entirely ineffective therewith for electrode capacity, greatly limits silicium cathode material
Commercial applications.In order to keep the high capacity of silicon, while the cycle performance of silicon electrode is improved, researchers take a variety of sides
Method has carried out relevant research.
On the other hand, for carbonaceous material due to preferable flexibility, lithium ion insertion abjection process volume change is small, can both make
It is closed for active material and lithiumation, and " inert substance " can be used as to provide access way for lithium ion, be elected to be point by numerous researchers
Dissipate the carrier of silicon particle.For example, being prepared after thering is researcher to mix silicon nanoparticle with graphite using spray drying technology
Si/graphite composite particles, then secondary spray drying after mixing with pitch, obtain Si/C composite material, the Si/C after carbonization
The circulating battery stability of composite material is preferable, but specific capacity is lower, and preparation method is complicated.In another example there is researcher will
The method that nano-silicon, graphite and carbon nanotube or agraphitic carbon use mist projection granulating prepares Si-C composite material, then using chemistry
Vapour deposition process and liquid phase organic matter pyrolysis method are in surface formation carbon coating.Wherein graphite can play load as main material
It carrying nano-silicon and the effect of capacity is provided, the cladding of carbon nanotube is capable of providing conductive network, but due to content of graphite height, institute
It is lower with material specific capacity, only about 500~600mAh/g, and also coulombic efficiency is lower.In another example having researcher to use has
Mist projection granulating obtains presoma after machine carbon source is mixed with the catalyst of nano-silicon and growth carbon nanotube, and passes through gas phase
Carbon source is deposited, silicon-carbon nanotube composite cathode material is prepared, specific capacity is high, and electric discharge reaches 2000mAh/g for the first time, recycles 50 times
1100mAh/g afterwards, but the composite material contains catalyst impurities, is unfavorable for the practical application of battery material, and material morphology
Different, capacity attenuation is too fast, is unfavorable for practical application.In another example there is researcher by the nano-silicon slurry of grinding preparation with following
Then ring drying powder manufacturing apparatus drying-granulating forms core in particle surface deposition of carbon nanotubes and/or carbon nano-fiber, in core
Surface coat organic cracking carbon-coating, but this silicon carbon material cathode is used in mixed way with graphite type material, and especially it can
Inverse specific capacity only has about 500mAh/g, and capacity is low.
Therefore, a kind of good cycle is developed, Volumetric expansion is small, the high silicon-carbon composite cathode material of specific capacity,
It is one of this field technical problem urgently to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of silicon carbide composite particles and its preparation method and application, existing to overcome
Deficiency in technology.
For realization aforementioned invention purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention includes:
The embodiment provides a kind of silicon carbide composite particles comprising:
The aggregation that plural nano silicon material is formed；
It is mutually wound the complex root carbon nanotube of porous particle structure, in the complex root carbon nanotube at least partly
It is interspersed in the gap for forming the nano silicon material of the aggregation and forms porous structure and the carrier as nano silicon material；
And at least it is filled in organic cracking carbon between nano silicon material and carbon nanotube.
The embodiments of the present invention also provide a kind of methods for preparing the silicon carbide composite particles comprising:
Nano silicon material and carbon nanotube is evenly dispersed in a solvent, then be made by spray granulation with porous
The nano-silicon of structure-nanotube composite particles,
The nano-silicon-nanotube composite particles and organic carbon source are sufficiently mixed in liquid-phase system, then are carried out organic
The cladding for cracking carbon, to obtain the silicon carbide composite particles.
The embodiments of the present invention also provide a kind of purposes for preparing the silicon carbide composite particles, such as are preparing lithium ion
Purposes in cell negative electrode material.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that
(1) silicon carbide composite particles provided have up to 1500m2The specific surface area of/g and up to 90% porosity, energy
It enough stores a large amount of electrolyte and there is good mechanical strength, and in the silicon carbide composite particles, because nano-silicon is dispersed in carbon
In the ball-type skeleton that nanotube is formed, organic cracking carbon is filled in the gap between nano-silicon and carbon nanotube, by nano-silicon
It fixes on the carbon nanotubes, this structure can effectively buffer bulk effect of the nano-silicon in charge and discharge process, maintain electrode
Conductive network overcomes simple nano-silicon as the easy powder of detached of negative electrode material, loses the defect of electrical contact, for example, application be lithium from
When sub- cell negative electrode material, battery reversible capacity has good cycle performance up to 1270mAh/g.
(2) simple production process provided is easily-controllable, and prepared silicon carbide composite particles have regular spherical structure, particle
It is of uniform size, it is suitble to large-scale industrial production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 a is the SEM figure of silicon carbide composite particles prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 1 b is the SEM-FIB figure of silicon carbide composite particles prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the thermogravimetric analysis figure of silicon carbide composite particles prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the SEM figure of silicon carbide composite particles prepared by embodiment 2；
Fig. 4 is the graph of pore diameter distribution of silicon carbide composite particles prepared by embodiment 2；
Fig. 5 is the SEM figure of silicon carbide composite particles prepared by embodiment 3；
Fig. 6 is the charge-discharge performance of simulated battery 1.
Specific embodiment
In view of deficiency in the prior art, inventor is studied for a long period of time and is largely practiced, and is able to propose of the invention
Technical solution.The technical solution, its implementation process and principle etc. will be further explained as follows.
One aspect of the present invention some embodiments provide a kind of silicon carbide composite particles (it is compound to be also regarded as silicon-carbon
Microballoon) comprising:
The aggregation that plural nano silicon material is formed；
It is mutually wound the complex root carbon nanotube of porous particle structure, in the complex root carbon nanotube at least partly
It is interspersed in the gap for forming the nano silicon material of the aggregation and forms porous structure and the carrier as nano silicon material；
And at least it is filled in organic cracking carbon between nano silicon material and carbon nanotube.
Further, which is scattered in the porous particle structure.
Further, carbon nanotube table is attached at least partially by organic cracking carbon in the plural number nano silicon material
Face.
Further, in the plural number nano silicon material at least partly by organic cracking carbon coating.
In some more specifically case study on implementation, the silicon carbide composite particles are by nano silicon material, carbon nanotube and have
Machine cracks carbon composition: wherein carbon nanotube is mutually wound porous particle structure, while carbon nanotube is also interspersed in nano-silicon
The gap of material forms porous structure, as the carrier of nano silicon material, and provides conductive network, while porous structure can have
Effect alleviates the volume expansion of nano-silicon charge and discharge process；Organic cracking carbon is filled between nano silicon material and carbon nanotube, will
Nano-silicon is fixed on the carbon nanotubes, improves the attachment of silicon nano material on the carbon nanotubes, prevents nano silicon material generating body
It is desorbed after product deformation, while reducing nano silicon material and being contacted with the direct of electrolyte.
Preferably, the silicon carbide composite particles are micrometer level porous grain structure, and partial size is 1~100 μm, especially preferably
3~10 μm, the aperture of contained hole is 2~70nm, and specific surface area is 50~1500m2/ g, porosity are 30%~90%.
Further, the nano silicon material include but is not limited to silicon nanoparticle, in silicon nanowire any one or
Two kinds of combinations by any proportion.
Preferably, the partial size of the silicon nanoparticle is 10~1000nm, especially preferably 50~200nm.
Preferably, in the silicon carbide composite particles nano silicon material content be 5~70wt%, especially preferably 10~
50wt%, more preferably 20~50wt%.
Further, the carbon nanotube include any one or two kinds in single wall, double-walled or multi-walled carbon nanotube with
The upper combination by any proportion.
Preferably, in the silicon carbide composite particles carbon nanotube content be 10~90wt%, especially preferably 30~
70wt%.
Preferably, in the silicon carbide composite particles organic cracking carbon content be 5~50wt%, especially preferably 5~
30wt%.
The silicon carbide composite particles have excellent cycle performance, specific capacity, high rate performance and low volume expansion
Effect can be used as a kind of ideal cathode material of lithium ion battery application.
Another aspect of the present invention some embodiments provide a kind of preparation method of silicon carbide composite particles, packet
It includes:
Nano silicon material and carbon nanotube is evenly dispersed in a solvent, then be made by spray granulation with porous
The nano-silicon of structure-nanotube composite particles,
The nano-silicon-nanotube composite particles and organic carbon source are sufficiently mixed in liquid-phase system, then are carried out organic
The cladding for cracking carbon, to obtain the silicon carbide composite particles.
Among some preferred embodiments, the preparation method includes: that nano silicon material is uniform with carbon nanotube
It is scattered in solvent, forms the uniform dispersion of nano-silicon and carbon nanotube.
Further, the solid content in the uniform dispersion is preferably 1~50wt%, especially preferably 1~10wt%.
Further, the solvent include by water and ethyl alcohol, isopropanol, propyl alcohol, ammonium hydroxide etc. at least one of according to
The solvent that the volume ratio of 100:1~100:50 is mixed to form.
Preferably, the main component of the solvent be deionized water, submember be ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, isopropanol, butanol,
Ammonium hydroxide etc.；The volume content of submember is 1~50%, particularly preferably 5~10%.
In one more specific embodiment, the preparation side specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) dispersion solvent of dispersion nano silicon material and carbon nanotube is prepared.
(2) nano silicon material, carbon nanotube are added sequentially in the solvent of step (1), stir and be ultrasonically treated, makes silicon
Become finely dispersed suspension with carbon nano-tube solution.
(3) suspension of step (2) is added in spray dryer and carries out sample preparation, collected in the bottle that gathers materials made
Standby sample.
(4) step (3) resulting sample is added in the solution containing organic carbon source, after ultrasonic disperse, by liquid evaporation,
Obtain solid sample.
(5) solid sample that step (4) obtain is roasted under inert gas protection, is institute after being cooled to room temperature
State silicon carbide composite particles.
Among some preferred embodiments, the preparation method includes: by the equal of the nano-silicon and carbon nanotube
Even dispersion liquid, which be granulated by spray dryer, is made the nano-silicon-carbon nanotube composite particles.
Among some preferred embodiments, the preparation method includes:
The nano-silicon-carbon nanotube composite particles are evenly spread in the solution containing organic carbon source, then 60~120
DEG C drying, obtain package organic carbon source nano-silicon-carbon nanotube composite particles；
Nano-silicon-carbon nanotube composite particles of the package organic carbon source are placed in protective atmosphere and 500~
1000 DEG C of roasting 1h or more, are cooled to room temperature later, obtain the silicon carbide composite particles.
Further, the preparation method includes: by nano-silicon-carbon nanotube compound of the package organic carbon source
Grain is placed in protective atmosphere, is warming up to 500~1000 DEG C with the heating rate of 5~10 DEG C/min, and keep the temperature 1~4h, later
It is cooled to room temperature, obtains the silicon carbide composite particles.
Wherein, the protective atmosphere can be made of one or both of nitrogen, argon gas.
Further, the organic carbon source includes but is not limited to sucrose, glucose, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene
Alcohol, phenolic resin, Poly L-lactic acid, citric acid, any one or the two or more combinations by any proportion in pitch.
Another aspect of the present invention some embodiments provide the purposes of the silicon carbide composite particles.
For example, one embodiment provides a kind of electrode material comprising the silicon carbide composite particles.
For example, one embodiment provides a kind of electrode, it includes the silicon carbide composite particles or the electrode materials
Material.
Further, the electrode includes negative electrode of lithium ion battery.
In some embodiments, silicon carbide composite particles of the invention can also be with graphite type material collectively as negative electrode material
It uses.Being used in conjunction with herein, including the silicon carbide composite particles and graphite type material are mixed in same material system make
Situation, alternatively, the silicon carbide composite particles and graphite type material are respectively formed with the component for determining physical aspect, then
The situation that these components are used cooperatively.
For example, one embodiment provides a kind of energy storage and/or switching device comprising the silicon-carbon compound
Grain, the electrode material or the electrode.
Further, the energy storage and/or switching device include lithium ion battery.
The present invention is formd stable by composition and micro-structure progress special designing above-mentioned to silicon carbide composite particles
Nano-silicon is dispersed in carbon nanotube stephanoporate framework and by the rock-steady structure of organic cracking carbon fixation, can effectively overcome simple silicon
Defect of the material as negative electrode material, and battery capacity is effectively played, battery reversible capacity reaches 1270mAh/g, has very high
Application prospect.
The present invention is described further below by way of specific embodiment, but the present invention can not also be departed from by others
The scheme of the technology of the present invention feature describes, thus it is all within the scope of the present invention or the change quilt in the equivalent scope of the invention
The present invention includes.
Embodiment 1:
Dehydrated alcohol and deionized water are mixed according to the ratio of volume ratio 10:100；Nano-silicon is added to again above-mentioned molten
In liquid, magnetic agitation makes nano-silicon be uniformly dispersed；Carbon nanotube is added in above-mentioned solution, total solids levels 10g/L is made,
Nano-silicon mass ratio shared in solid particle is 30%, continues to stir, solid particle is made to be uniformly dispersed in the solution；Stirring
Under 1h is ultrasonically treated to above-mentioned solution, so that nano-silicon and carbon nano-tube solution is become finely dispersed suspension；It will be above-mentioned suspended
Liquid carries out mist projection granulating, and wherein inlet air temperature is set as 150 DEG C~200 DEG C, and leaving air temp is set as 70 DEG C~100 DEG C, spraying
Speed is 500 mls/hour~10 ls/h, and atomisation pressure is set as 40MPa, and sample volume is set as 500mL/h.Gathering materials
Prepared sample is collected in bottle.
Gained sample is added to DMF (dimethylformamide) solution for being 0.1% containing PAN (polyacrylonitrile) mass fraction
In, the mass ratio of sample and PAN are 10:1, ultrasonic 0.5h, make liquid evaporation in 80 DEG C of baking ovens, obtained solid sample is existed
Tubular type kiln roasting, is passed through inert gas shielding, is warming up to 900 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2h, and heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, is cooled to room
It is the silicon carbide composite particles after temperature.
It is analyzed using microscopic appearance of the SEM to the silicon carbide composite particles, as a result as shown in Figure 1a.Utilize SEM-FIB
Ion beam cutting is carried out to single silicon carbide composite particles, section result is as shown in Figure 1 b.Using thermogravimetric analyzer to prepared
Sample analyzed, test results are shown in figure 2.In the silicon carbide composite particles, silicone content is the 19% of total quality, organic
Crack 9% that carbon is total quality.The aperture of hole contained by the silicon carbide composite particles is 10~50nm, specific surface area 900m2/
G, porosity 55%.
Embodiment 2:
Ammonium hydroxide, dehydrated alcohol and deionized water are mixed according to the ratio of volume ratio 1:10:100；By sucrose, nano-silicon,
Carbon nanotube is added sequentially in above-mentioned solution, and the mass ratio of three is 20:6:4, makes total solids levels 10g/L, nano-silicon
Shared mass ratio is 40% in solid particle, is ultrasonically treated 1h to above-mentioned solution under stirring, above-mentioned suspension is sprayed
Mist is granulated, and wherein inlet air temperature is set as 150 DEG C~200 DEG C, and leaving air temp is set as 70 DEG C~100 DEG C, spray velocity 500
Ml/hour~10 ls/h, atomisation pressure is set as 40MPa, and sample volume is set as 500mL/h.Institute is collected in the bottle that gathers materials
The sample of preparation.
By obtained sample in tubular type kiln roasting, it is passed through inert gas shielding, is warming up to 700 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3h, heating speed
Degree is 5 DEG C/min, is the silicon carbide composite particles after being cooled to room temperature.
It is analyzed using microscopic appearance of the SEM to silicon carbide composite particles, as a result as shown in Figure 3.BET survey is carried out to sample
Examination, pore-size distribution result is as shown in figure 4, the aperture of its contained hole is 2~65nm, specific surface area 1500m2/ g, porosity
It is 85%.In the silicon carbide composite particles, silicone content is the 32% of total quality, and organic cracking carbon is the 11% of total quality.
Embodiment 3:
Dehydrated alcohol and deionized water are mixed according to the ratio of volume ratio 10:100；Nano-silicon is added to again above-mentioned molten
In liquid, magnetic agitation makes nano-silicon be uniformly dispersed；Carbon nanotube is added in above-mentioned solution, makes total solids levels, 5g/L,
Nano-silicon mass ratio shared in solid particle is 60%, continues to stir, solid particle is made to be uniformly dispersed in the solution；Stirring
Under 1h is ultrasonically treated to above-mentioned solution, so that nano-silicon and carbon nano-tube solution is become finely dispersed suspension；It will be above-mentioned suspended
Liquid carries out mist projection granulating, and wherein inlet air temperature is set as 150 DEG C~200 DEG C, and leaving air temp is set as 70 DEG C~100 DEG C, spraying
Speed is 500 mls/hour~10 ls/h, and atomisation pressure is set as 40MPa, and sample volume is set as 500mL/h.Gathering materials
Prepared sample is collected in bottle.
Gained sample is added in the aqueous solution that score containing glucose quality is 10%, the mass ratio of sample and glucose
For 1:5, ultrasonic 0.5h, make liquid evaporation in 80 DEG C of Rotary Evaporators, by obtained solid sample in tubular type kiln roasting, leads to
Enter inert gas shielding, be warming up to 500 DEG C, keep the temperature 4h, it is the silicon-carbon after being cooled to room temperature that heating rate, which is 5 DEG C/min,
Composite particles.
In the silicon carbide composite particles, silicone content is the 45% of total quality, and organic cracking carbon is the 20% of total quality.Its
The aperture of contained hole is 5~25nm, specific surface area 600m2/g.Using SEM to the microscopic appearances of the silicon carbide composite particles into
Row analysis, as a result as shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment 4:
Weigh the silicon carbide composite particles of embodiment 1: acetylene black: LA132 (aqueous binder respectively with the mass ratio of 80:10:10
Agent, Chengdu Yindile Power Source Science and Technology Co., Ltd, solid content 15wt%), it is coated on copper foil after mixing, with a thickness of
150μm.Electrolyte is the LiPF of 1mol/L6Three component mixed solvent EC:DMC:EMC=1:1:1 (volume ratio v/v/v), gather
Propylene microcellular film is diaphragm, is to electrode assembling into simulated battery 1 with metal lithium sheet.
Fig. 6 is the charge-discharge performance of simulated battery 1.Test voltage 0.01-1.5V carries out constant current under the conditions of 0.1C
Charge and discharge, battery specific capacity is with the arrangement Mass Calculation of anode material.The charge/discharge capacity of the simulated battery 1 slowly increases
Add, until the 10th time when increases to highest point, reversible capacity 1270mAh/g, efficiency 97%.After 20 circulations, capacity retention ratio
It is 86.5%.
It should be noted that the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to the packet of nonexcludability
Contain, so that the process, method, article or equipment for including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also including
Other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or device.
It should be appreciated that the technical concepts and features of above-described embodiment only to illustrate the invention, its object is to allow be familiar with this
The personage of item technology cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence according to the present invention, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (23)
1. a kind of silicon carbide composite particles, characterized by comprising:
The aggregation that plural nano silicon material is formed；
It is mutually wound the complex root carbon nanotube of porous particle structure, it is at least partly interspersed in the complex root carbon nanotube
Porous structure is formed in the gap of nano silicon material for forming the aggregation and as the carrier of nano silicon material；
And it is at least filled in organic cracking carbon between nano silicon material and carbon nanotube, in the plural number nano silicon material
Be attached to carbon nano tube surface at least partially by organic cracking carbon, and in the plural number nano silicon material at least partly by
Organic cracking carbon coating；
The silicon carbide composite particles are micrometer level porous grain structure, and partial size is 1~100 μm, the aperture of contained hole is 2 ~
70nm, specific surface area are 50 ~ 1500m2/ g, porosity are 30% ~ 90%.
2. silicon carbide composite particles according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the plural number nano silicon material is scattered in described more
In the grain structure of hole.
3. silicon carbide composite particles according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the silicon carbide composite particles partial size is 3~10 μ
m。
4. silicon carbide composite particles according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the nano silicon material is selected from nano-silicon
Any one in grain, silicon nanowire or two kinds of combinations by any proportion.
5. silicon carbide composite particles according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the partial size of the silicon nanoparticle be 10 ~
1000 nm。
6. silicon carbide composite particles according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the partial size of the silicon nanoparticle is 50 ~ 200
nm。
7. silicon carbide composite particles according to claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that: in the silicon carbide composite particles
The content of nano silicon material is 5~70wt%.
8. silicon carbide composite particles according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: nano silicon material in the silicon carbide composite particles
Content be 10 ~ 50wt%.
9. silicon carbide composite particles according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the carbon nanotube be selected from single wall, double-walled or
Any one in multi-walled carbon nanotube or the two or more combinations by any proportion.
10. silicon carbide composite particles according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: carbon nanotube in the silicon carbide composite particles
Content be 10~90wt%.
11. silicon carbide composite particles according to claim 10, it is characterised in that: carbon nanotube in the silicon carbide composite particles
Content be 30~70wt%.
12. silicon carbide composite particles according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: organic cracking in the silicon carbide composite particles
The content of carbon is 5~50wt%.
13. silicon carbide composite particles according to claim 12, it is characterised in that: organic cracking in the silicon carbide composite particles
The content of carbon is 5~30wt%.
14. a kind of preparation method of silicon carbide composite particles, characterized by comprising:
Nano silicon material and carbon nanotube is evenly dispersed in a solvent, the uniform dispersion of nano-silicon and carbon nanotube is formed,
Solid content in the uniform dispersion is 1 ~ 50wt%, then the nano-silicon-with porous structure is made by spray granulation
Nanotube composite particles,
The nano-silicon-carbon nanotube composite particles are evenly spread in the solution containing organic carbon source, then are dried at 60 ~ 120 DEG C
It is dry, obtain nano-silicon-carbon nanotube composite particles of package organic carbon source；And
Nano-silicon-carbon nanotube composite particles of the package organic carbon source are placed in protective atmosphere, with 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min
Heating rate be warming up to 500 ~ 1000 DEG C, and keep the temperature 1 ~ 4h, be cooled to room temperature later, obtain the silicon carbide composite particles.
15. preparation method according to claim 14, it is characterised in that: the nano-silicon and carbon nanotube it is evenly dispersed
Solid content in liquid is 1 ~ 10wt%.
16. preparation method described in any one of 4-15 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the solvent include by water with
The solvent that at least one of ethyl alcohol, isopropanol, propyl alcohol, ammonium hydroxide are mixed to form according to the volume ratio of 100:1 ~ 100:50.
17. preparation method according to claim 14, characterized by comprising: by the equal of the nano-silicon and carbon nanotube
Even dispersion liquid, which be granulated by spray dryer, is made the nano-silicon-carbon nanotube composite particles.
18. preparation method according to claim 14, it is characterised in that: the organic carbon source is selected from sucrose, glucose, gathers
Acrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, phenolic resin, Poly L-lactic acid, citric acid, any one or two kinds in pitch with
The upper combination by any proportion.
19. a kind of electrode material, it is characterised in that include silicon carbide composite particles of any of claims 1-13.
20. a kind of electrode, it is characterised in that wanted comprising silicon carbide composite particles of any of claims 1-13 or right
Electrode material described in asking 19.
21. electrode according to claim 20, it is characterised in that: the electrode is negative electrode of lithium ion battery.
22. a kind of energy storage and/or switching device, it is characterised in that including silicon-carbon of any of claims 1-13
Electrode described in electrode material described in composite particles, claim 19 or claim 20 or 21.
23. energy storage according to claim 22 and/or switching device, it is characterised in that: the energy storage and/or
Switching device is lithium ion battery.
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