CN106875467B - Three-dimensional city model fast updating method - Google Patents
Three-dimensional city model fast updating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106875467B CN106875467B CN201510919645.XA CN201510919645A CN106875467B CN 106875467 B CN106875467 B CN 106875467B CN 201510919645 A CN201510919645 A CN 201510919645A CN 106875467 B CN106875467 B CN 106875467B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for rapidly updating a three-dimensional city model, which comprises the following steps: s101, collecting street view photos of different viewing angles of a change area in a three-dimensional city; s102, analyzing the model of the three-dimensional city, and positioning the region of the change region in the model of the three-dimensional city; s103, establishing an image feature library according to the buildings in the model of the three-dimensional city; s104, detecting the three-dimensional space change of the three-dimensional city, and determining a building to be updated and reconstructed; s105, performing feature matching on the street view photos at different viewing angles; and S106, accurately fusing the updated and reconstructed building and the background three-dimensional model. The three-dimensional city model rapid updating method is based on the existing three-dimensional city data, and utilizes the invariants in the existing old data as the precision sources for updating data correction to carry out precision control on the new data, so as to solve the problem of correcting the images of the common street view photos.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional city modeling, in particular to a method for rapidly updating a three-dimensional city model.
Background
The large-scale, high-precision and rapid full-automatic urban three-dimensional modeling technology is always the main direction of research in the fields of photogrammetry and digital cities. The main technical means of urban three-dimensional reconstruction which have proven accurate and effective at present comprise: (1) three-dimensional measurement is carried out on an airborne area array or multi-line array CCD aerial survey camera; (2) airborne LiDAR point cloud measurement is matched with a high-precision two-dimensional image; (3) airborne multi-camera oblique photogrammetry; (4) the vehicle-mounted LiDAR point cloud measurement auxiliary panoramic picture is matched with aerial two-dimensional data; (5) full manual 3Dmax modeling.
The technology and the method provide many alternatives for large-scale, rapid and accurate urban three-dimensional reconstruction, but all of them face a significant problem, namely high cost caused by expensive equipment and inconvenience in subsequent updating, so that platform construction is still faced with a task needing updating. However, if the traditional 3Dmax or large-area urban aerial modeling method is adopted for updating, the maintenance is still time-consuming and expensive.
With the rapid development of terminal electronics, the cost for acquiring images is lower and lower, mobile phones with photographing functions, cheap high-resolution digital cameras and the like are all popularized comprehensively, urban street view data can be acquired quickly at low cost, and therefore basis and conditions are provided for urban three-dimensional modeling. However, due to the ordinary cameras which are not calibrated and the shooting personnel, the images have the problems of distortion and projection deformation, and how to geometrically position and correct the distortion and the deformation is the first problem to be faced. Three-dimensional platforms in most cities adopt traditional high-precision surveying and mapping data as a two-dimensional base map to match with a high-fineness three-dimensional modeling method, have quite accurate absolute positioning precision and relative positioning precision, are high in data resolution and model fineness, and can provide a good reference data set for updating data in other ways subsequently.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention provides a method for rapidly updating a three-dimensional city model, so as to effectively solve the problems in the prior art.
A three-dimensional city model rapid updating method comprises the following steps:
s101, collecting street view photos of different viewing angles of a change area in a three-dimensional city;
s102, analyzing the model of the three-dimensional city, and positioning the region of the change region in the model of the three-dimensional city;
s103, establishing an image feature library according to the buildings in the model of the three-dimensional city;
s104, detecting the three-dimensional space change of the three-dimensional city, and determining a building to be updated and reconstructed;
s105, performing feature matching on the street view photos at different viewing angles;
and S106, accurately fusing the updated and reconstructed building and the background three-dimensional model.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the street view photos with different viewing angles are obtained by non-measurement type professional equipment.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the non-metrology specific equipment includes a mobile phone with a camera and a general camera.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pictures of street views with different viewing angles include pictures of different facades of buildings in the three-dimensional city.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S104, the three-dimensional city is first classified to filter out non-building objects, and then the buildings are first determined based on image features, a buffer is established for objects that can be confirmed to have changed, and a reference system is established for nearby unchanged buildings.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S105, a dense matching algorithm is accelerated by using a sunshine condition and a geometric relationship of a building in the three-dimensional city, so as to optimize dense point cloud reconstruction and further reconstruct a local three-dimensional model.
Compared with the prior art, the three-dimensional city model rapid updating method provided by the invention is based on the existing three-dimensional city data, and utilizes the invariant in the existing old data as the precision source for updating data correction to perform precision control on the new data, so as to solve the problem of correcting the common street view picture image shot by a non-measuring camera. Specifically, the three-dimensional city model fast updating method can utilize texture features and prior knowledge of existing high-precision digital city space basic information platform achievement data as much as possible, a building model which is unchanged in a city is taken as a control condition, a DSM (digital Surface model) model is constructed by adopting street view pictures shot from multiple angles, so that three-dimensional feature updating of a city change area is realized, image distortion deviation caused by a non-surveying and mapping camera in a part which cannot be processed by a traditional photogrammetry method can be solved, digital city construction can meet the requirement of city fast development, and the method has a wide application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for rapidly updating a three-dimensional city model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for rapidly updating the three-dimensional city model shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2 together, an embodiment of the invention provides a method for rapidly updating a three-dimensional city model, which includes the following steps:
s101, street view photos of different viewing angles of a change area in a three-dimensional city are collected.
In this embodiment, non-measurement professional equipment such as a handheld consumer-grade ordinary camera and a mobile phone is mainly used to obtain street view photos at different viewing angles of a changing area in a three-dimensional city, and the street view photos at different viewing angles can provide texture information required for three-dimensional mapping for different outer facades of a building. It is understood that the images of the top of the building can be collected in cooperation with an unmanned aerial vehicle, such as a small six-rotor plane.
S102, analyzing the model of the three-dimensional city, and positioning the region of the change region in the model of the three-dimensional city.
It is understood that the changed region is a region in the model of the three-dimensional city that needs to be updated.
S103, establishing an image feature library according to the buildings in the model of the three-dimensional city.
Therefore, the matching speed and the matching precision of the characteristic points can be improved for the subsequent reconstruction of the local three-dimensional model.
And S104, detecting the three-dimensional space change of the three-dimensional city, and determining an updated and reconstructed building.
In this embodiment, the three-dimensional city is classified first to filter out non-building objects, such as trees, and then the buildings are judged based on image features, a buffer area is established for objects that can be confirmed to have changed, and a reference system is established for nearby unchanged buildings.
And S105, performing feature matching on the street view photos at different viewing angles.
In this embodiment, a dense matching algorithm with more prior knowledge is adopted in the process of matching the street view photos at different viewing angles. Specifically, a dense matching algorithm is accelerated by using the sunshine condition and the self geometric relation of the buildings in the three-dimensional city, dense point cloud reconstruction is optimized, and a local three-dimensional model is further reconstructed.
And S106, accurately fusing the updated and reconstructed building and the background three-dimensional model.
It will be appreciated that the background three-dimensional model is the unchanged area of the model of the three-dimensional city other than the changed area.
And after the updated and reconstructed building and the background three-dimensional model are accurately fused, the rapid updating of the three-dimensional city model can be completed.
Compared with the prior art, the three-dimensional city model rapid updating method provided by the invention is based on the existing three-dimensional city data, and utilizes the invariant in the existing old data as the precision source for updating data correction to perform precision control on the new data, so as to solve the problem of correcting the common street view picture image shot by a non-measuring camera. Specifically, the three-dimensional city model fast updating method can utilize texture features and prior knowledge of existing high-precision digital city space basic information platform achievement data as much as possible, a building model which is unchanged in a city is taken as a control condition, a DSM (digital Surface model) model is constructed by adopting street view pictures shot from multiple angles, so that three-dimensional feature updating of a city change area is realized, image distortion deviation caused by a non-surveying and mapping camera in a part which cannot be processed by a traditional photogrammetry method can be solved, digital city construction can meet the requirement of city fast development, and the method has a wide application prospect.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A three-dimensional city model rapid updating method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s101, collecting street view photos of different viewing angles of a change area in a three-dimensional city;
s102, analyzing the model of the three-dimensional city, and positioning the region of the change region in the model of the three-dimensional city;
s103, establishing an image feature library according to the buildings in the model of the three-dimensional city;
s104, detecting the three-dimensional space change of the three-dimensional city, and determining a building to be updated and reconstructed;
s105, performing feature matching on the street view photos at different viewing angles;
s106, accurately fusing the updated and reconstructed building and the background three-dimensional model;
the change area is an area needing to be updated in the model of the three-dimensional city; the updating method is based on the existing three-dimensional city data, and utilizes the invariant in the existing old data as the precision source for updating data correction to perform precision control on the new data;
the street view photos with different viewing angles are obtained through non-measuring professional equipment;
the background three-dimensional model is an unchanged area except the changed area in the model of the three-dimensional city;
in step S104, classifying the three-dimensional city, filtering out non-building targets, determining the buildings in the three-dimensional city based on image features, creating a buffer for targets that can be confirmed to have changed, and determining a building-based reference system that does not change nearby.
2. The method for rapidly updating the three-dimensional city model according to claim 1, wherein the non-metrology-type professional equipment comprises a mobile phone with a camera and a common camera.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the photos of street view from different perspectives comprise photos of different facades of buildings in the three-dimensional city.
4. The method for rapidly updating the three-dimensional city model according to claim 1, wherein in step S105, dense point cloud reconstruction is optimized by using a sunshine condition and a geometric relationship of a building in the three-dimensional city, and a local three-dimensional model is further reconstructed.
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| CN107977992A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-05-01 | 深圳大学 | A kind of building change detecting method and device based on unmanned plane laser radar |
| CN112020630B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2024-06-28 | 北京嘀嘀无限科技发展有限公司 | System and method for updating 3D models of buildings |
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| CN110782459B (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2021-02-19 | 北京嘀嘀无限科技发展有限公司 | Image processing method and device |
| CN109902607B (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2023-04-07 | 安徽省川佰科技有限公司 | Urban automatic optimization modeling system based on oblique camera |
| CN110163139A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-23 | 苏州嘉奕晟中小企业科技咨询有限公司 | Three-dimensional digital information acquisition in city updates scanning system |
| CN112215033B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2023-09-01 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Method, device and system for generating panoramic looking-around image of vehicle and storage medium |
| EP3998582A4 (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2022-12-07 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Three-dimensional model generation method and three-dimensional model generation device |
| CN110648389A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2020-01-03 | 广东工业大学 | 3D reconstruction method and system for city street view based on cooperation of unmanned aerial vehicle and edge vehicle |
| CN111179420B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2023-08-18 | 威创集团股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional city model optimization method and system |
| CN111866451B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2022-08-30 | 深圳宏芯宇电子股份有限公司 | Real-time full-3D smart city implementation method and system |
| CN112287061B (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2024-05-31 | 深圳市泰同科技有限公司 | Method for splicing street view elevation map by using network open data |
| CN112504237B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2023-03-24 | 贵州北斗空间信息技术有限公司 | Lightweight rapid generation method for inclination data |
| CN113140038B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-10-25 | 天讯方舟(北京)信息科技有限公司 | Real-time three-dimensional visualization method for large-scene urban building |
| CN118037983B (en) * | 2024-04-12 | 2024-07-05 | 华中师范大学 | Mass city street panoramic picture quality evaluation and rapid three-dimensional modeling method |
| CN118470172A (en) * | 2024-06-05 | 2024-08-09 | 山东天昀和信息科技有限公司 | Data processing method and system for rendering live-action three-dimensional model |
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