CN106873040B - The real-time acquisition electrode System and method for of the airborne resistivity forward probe of rock tunnel(ling) machine - Google Patents
The real-time acquisition electrode System and method for of the airborne resistivity forward probe of rock tunnel(ling) machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN106873040B CN106873040B CN201710155184.2A CN201710155184A CN106873040B CN 106873040 B CN106873040 B CN 106873040B CN 201710155184 A CN201710155184 A CN 201710155184A CN 106873040 B CN106873040 B CN 106873040B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of real-time acquisition electrode system and methods of the airborne resistivity method forward probe of rock tunnel(ling) machine, including direction-changeable electrode mechanism, elastic telescopic device and variable resistance detent mechanism, direction-changeable electrode mechanism includes contact electrode piece and deflecting driving member, contact electrode piece is freely rotated by deflecting driving member around central shaft, converts the sliding friction contacted with scar to rolling friction；Elastic telescopic device ensures the retraction and pop-up of electrode；Variable resistance detent mechanism includes slide rheostat, is positioned by reference axis of polar coordinate system, and using cutter head center as the center of circle of polar coordinate system, the variation of the resistance value by detecting slide rheostat determines the different location where cutterhead, to calculate the position of tracking electrode.The present invention can be realized effectively and be detected in cutterhead tunneling process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of real-time acquisition electrode System and method fors of the airborne resistivity method forward probe of rock tunnel(ling) machine.
Background technology
The rapid development of 21st century China's economic society pushes advancing by leaps and bounds for science and technology.In recent years, tunnel
Engineering construction achieves great achievement.Wherein rock tunnel(ling) machine is used as a kind of with a rate of advance is fast, working security is high, over the ground
The constructing tunnel digging device that table disturbs many advantages such as small, labor cost is low, mechanical automation degree height is widely used
In domestic and international major tunnel construction, mechanization of tunnelling, automatization level are greatly improved.
However, since driving front geological body is uncertain, during rock tunnel(ling) machine tunnels forward often because
Cause the things such as gushing water, prominent mud, card machine, landslide for adverse geological conditions such as solution cavity, conduit pipe, underground underground river, tomography, crushed zones
Therefore once accident occurs, economic loss and casualties are difficult to avoid that.It is pre- using advance geologic for underground "black box" problem
It is very necessary that report means verify unfavorable geologic body in advance.Rock tunnel(ling) machine 3 D resistivity method Geological Prediction Technology is a kind of
Method for forecasting advanced geology suitable for rock tunnel(ling) machine.The specific implementation method of such advanced prediction method is：In cutterhead table
Measuring electrode is installed in face, and surrounding installs bucking electrode, and is connect electrode with master control room by cable, electrode and front and periphery
Country rock contacts, using focusing scan pattern successively gathered data；Swash in front of tunnel heading and establishes excitation electric field, containing in geologic body
Water body will produce secondary polarized electric field, after excitation electric field is closed, by measure die-away time and the apparent resistivity of polarized electric field come
Position and the water for judging water content, to realize it is a kind of with using rock tunnel(ling) machine as the driving method of core be adapted it is advanced
Geologic prediction method.Current such method is only applicable to the rock tunnel(ling) machine in shutdown status, can utilize rock tunnel(ling) machine
The time of General Maintenance is detected, and free time is taken full advantage of, and improves drivage efficiency.
But there are still some problems for this detection mode.It is detected, is detected in rock tunnel(ling) machine maintenance shut-downs
Be limited distance, must just be shut down when rock tunnel(ling) machine is tunneled to the length because the part detected has passed through,
Front is a piece of unknown geologic body again, it is necessary to wait for detection again that can just restart to tunnel later, result in tunneling in this way
The reduction of efficiency, if it is possible to realize that real-time data collection is just avoided that the above problem in rock tunnel(ling) machine tunneling process, can carry
High detection efficient and detection covering mileage.However such as to realize tunneling process real-time detection process, rock tunnel(ling) machine cutterhead carries
Detection electrode face many difficulties.
On the one hand, since face rock may be crushed, roughness is larger, cutterhead in rotating tunneling process can with it is such
Scar is in direct contact, while existing electrode assembly is fixed electrode, does not have roll capability.When cutterhead rotates, electrode can be with
Scar generates sliding friction, leads to the abrasion and breaking-up of electrode tip, it is difficult to apply.
On the other hand, meeting rough scar is often encountered when electrode stretches out, since current electrode is still hydraulic oil
Cylinder control is flexible, generally in rigidity can not random scalable design, be difficult to be sprung back at any time into cutterhead when in face of such scar, this
Kind situation can seriously affect exploration effects.For example, if electrode passes through the protrusion of scar, rock outstanding can damage electrode, even
It is possible that break electric pole；If by the depressed area of scar, electrode cannot achieve with scar and well contact, and influence detection effect
Fruit.
Furthermore 3 D resistivity inversion method requires in the real-time gatherer process of electrode, need to correspond to every group of observation number
According to corresponding acquisition electrode position, the specific location of monitoring scar institute gathered data and the geologic body of the position can be known
Data information realizes effectively usable monitoring and forecast.Since cutterhead is constantly in rotary state in tunneling process,
Electrode is difficult to real-time keeper electrode position when working, and can cause the position coordinates of gathered data that can not be accurately positioned, thus cannot
Intuitively, accurately recognize the geological state of front face.
Invention content
The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is proposed that a kind of airborne resistivity method forward probe of rock tunnel(ling) machine is adopted in real time
Collector System and method for, the present invention can adapt to underground Complicated Geologic Condition, reduce the wear-out failure of electrode tip, while can be with
Adaptability of the electrode to complicated geological scar is improved, improves detection accuracy, and can in real time be positioned to electrode, ensures to measure number
According to accuracy, provide important evidence for data processing.It is thick to solve face rock by direction-changeable electrode equipment for the technology
The problem of rugosity causes greatly electrode to be easy excessive wear；By elastic telescopic device, solves electrode and uneven scar is adapted to
Property difference problem；By variable resistance positioning device, the real-time orientation problem of electrode is solved, can effectively be realized in cutterhead tunneling process
It is detected
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of real-time acquisition electrode system of airborne resistivity method forward probe of rock tunnel(ling) machine, including direction-changeable electrode machine
Structure, elastic telescopic device and variable resistance detent mechanism, wherein：
The direction-changeable electrode mechanism includes contact electrode piece and deflecting driving member, the contact electrode piece contact electricity
Pole is in direct contact in tunneling process with scar, to excite electric field, contact electrode piece by deflecting driving member around central shaft from
By rotating, it converts the sliding friction contacted with scar to rolling friction；
The elastic telescopic device, including power collapsible part and elastic force propulsive element, elastic force propulsive element are assembled in electricity
Pole rear is connect with cutterhead inner tight, the setting of power collapsible part and electrode edge, to the retraction applied force of electrode, with gram
Take the elastic force of elastic force propulsive element application；
The variable resistance detent mechanism includes slide rheostat, is positioned by reference axis of polar coordinate system, with cutter head center
For the center of circle of polar coordinate system, the variation of the resistance value by detecting slide rheostat determines the different location where cutterhead, to calculate
Track the position of electrode.
The deflecting driving member includes wheel carrier, wheel shaft swivel bearing and wheeled end, and one end of the wheel carrier, which is set to, to be connect
Touched electrode part tail end, the other end are connected to wheeled end central axis by wheel shaft swivel bearing so that electrode stem is around wheeled end
Head central shaft rotates freely.
Deflecting driving member, which plays, allows contact electrode assembly is controlled to rotate freely, to adapt to the rotation of cutterhead.
Wheel carrier, wheel shaft swivel bearing of the contact electrode piece by deflecting driving member, as an electrical current by detection information
Propagate to electrode stem.
Preferably, the material selection tungsten-copper alloy of the contact electrode piece, tungsten-copper alloy have preferable electric conductivity and one
In addition fixed wearability also has higher elevated temperature strength and certain plasticity, the heat that elevated temperature strength can generate to avoid friction
Damage is generated to mechanism, plasticity can ensure that electrode is contacted with the good of scar.Contact electrode piece connects existing rubber electrode
Contacting end portion uses wheeled construction instead, and sliding friction is replaced with rolling friction, and wheeled end horizontal 360-degree in scar plane is allowed to revolve
Turn, is greatly reduced the friction of electrode and scar.
Further, the direction-changeable electrode mechanism further includes fixing protector, and fixing protector includes load
Plate and elastomeric pad, the force bearing plate are set to the junction of electrode stem end and deflecting driving member, the elastomeric pad setting
In on elastomeric pad.The force bearing plate of the fixing protector plays the role of increasing load force, and the elastomeric pad increases
The shock resistance of direction-changeable electrode mechanism in tunneling process has reinforcement protection effect to electrode.
Preferably, the power collapsible part is hydraulic constriction device, including two hydraulic cylinders, are symmetrically distributed in electrode stem
Both sides are attached in electrode stem, play the role of providing power for the withdrawal of electrode.
Preferably, the elastic force propulsive element is spring, and spring is fixed on the rear of electrode stem, with electrode stem tail portion phase
Even, the other end is closely connect with cutterhead.
Certainly, power collapsible part is modified by those skilled in the art under the enlightenment of the operation principle of the present invention,
It is electric power source or other forms as changed, or elastic force propulsive element is replaced into other elastic components or can realize flexible device,
It belongs to would not require any inventive effort, ought to belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
The variable resistance detent mechanism includes annular rheostat, control circuit device and signal processing and transmitting device, profit
The real-time monitoring to electrode position, variable resistance are reached with the resistance value of the annular rheostat of monitoring with electric current in ammeter monitoring loop
Detent mechanism is installed on the inside of cutterhead backplate.
Further, the annular rheostat is made of a ring-shaped slide rheostat, is looped around cutter head center point week
It encloses, is installed on the inside of cutterhead backplate, electrode stem is rigidly connected by scribing and annular rheostat, constitutes slide rheostat.
Annular rheostat can not be a domain, to avoid the hair of the not unique situation of the resistance value being likely to occur in measurement
It is raw, the material base of detection is provided for sleeve mechanism.
Further, the control circuit device includes power supply mechanism, current sensing means and conducting wire, and conducting wire is divided into activity
Conducting wire and fixed two kinds of conducting wire, connection electrode and the conducting wire of annular rheostat are active wire, with the rotation of cutterhead and electrode
Then rotation, the conducting wire that annular rheostat, power supply mechanism and current sensing means connect is belonged into fixed conducting wire.
One toroidal conductor identical with path is set on the path of electrode rotary movement, for constituting closed circuit.
The signal processing includes transmission cable and signal processor with transmitting device, and transmission cable connects current detecting dress
It sets and signal processor, signal processor converts the current information of return to resistance information.
Preferably, signal processor is placed in master control room.
Working method based on above-mentioned apparatus, direction-changeable electrode mechanism is with the rotation of the motion fitness of cutterhead, machine
It is retracted in cutterhead when structure does not work, when work pops up, and when electrode being needed to pop up, power collapsible part, which gradually slows down, makes elastic force push away
It is sprung back into component, electrode pop-up is contacted with scar, if cutterhead encounters concavo-convex interface when rotating, in recessed interface, electrode is still located
It is close to scar in the promotion force effect that the elastic force propulsive element of compressive state is applied, at Raised key axis, electrode is squeezed splenium
Divide and withdraw, elastic force propulsive element is compressed again, is ensured that contact electrode piece is well contacted with scar always, is used variable resistance localization machine
Structure monitors electrode position in real time, is positioned using polar coordinate system, using cutter head center as the center of circle of polar coordinate system, inspection
The size of electric current in slowdown monitoring circuit, the variation of resistance value is monitored with this, and calculates the position of tracking electrode.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1. tunneling process real-time detection may be implemented with technology using electrode system provided by the invention in tunneling process,
It avoids because shutting down the problem of detecting and influencing rock tunnel(ling) machine normal construction process, greatly improves driving and detection
Efficiency, meanwhile, it is acquired in real time in tunneling process, can to detect full mileage covering tunnel piercing mileage, avoid poorly
Plastid is failed to report.
2. the present invention proposes a kind of direction-changeable electrode mechanism device, by contact electrode assembly, steering drive device,
The combination of fixing protector realizes the real-time contact of electrode and face in tunneling process, when solving cutterhead rotation
Electrode tip generates a large amount of frictions with scar leads to the problem of electrode tip serious wear.
3. the present invention installs the elastic telescopic device proposed additional, withdrawal mechanism is stretched out using new electrode, is provided using spring
Power is popped up, hydraulic cylinder provides the mode of retracting force, and spring is made to be in a kind of state of flexible concertina always, ensures that electrode can fit
Answer various rough scars, avoid cutterhead rotation when cause electrode by scar protrusion barrier fracture or because recess and
The phenomenon that poor contact, occurs.
4. the present invention provides a kind of mechanism that may be implemented to monitor electrode position in real time, real-time acquisition is realized
The position that this group of DATA REASONING electrode is recorded while data provides effective location information for data processing.
Description of the drawings
The accompanying drawings which form a part of this application are used for providing further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation do not constitute the improper restriction to the application for explaining the application.
Fig. 1 (a) is the direction-changeable electrode assembly front view of the present invention；
Fig. 1 (b) is the direction-changeable electrode assembly side view of the present invention；
Fig. 1 (c) is the direction-changeable electrode assembly vertical view of the present invention；
Fig. 1 (d) is the direction-changeable device detail drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the elastic telescopic installation drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the variable resistance positioning device figure of the present invention；
Fig. 3 (a) is the cutterhead electrode arrangement of the present invention；
Wherein, 1. electrode stem, 2. contact electrode assemblies, 3. force bearing plates, 4. wheel carriers, 5. bearings, 6. axis, 7. wheeled ends,
8. baffle ring, 9. washers, 10. fixing devices, 11. hydraulic constriction devices, 12. elastic force push-off devices, 13. detection electrodes, 14. strokes
Piece, 15. annular rheostats, 16. conducting wires, 17. toroidal conductors, 18. current monitoring devices, 19. power supply mechanisms, 20.TBM knives
Disk, 21. cutters.
Specific implementation mode：
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific implementation mode, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative
It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combination thereof.
A kind of effectively to realize the electrode system detected in cutterhead tunneling process and technology, the system is by variable side
To electrode mechanism, elastic telescopic device and variable resistance detent mechanism composition.
The direction-changeable electrode mechanism includes contact electrode assembly, steering drive device and fixing protector.Contact
Electrode assembly is in direct contact with scar, therefore it is required that having good wearability, plays the role of main excitation electric field, therefore
Require good electric conductivity.Steering drive device is mainly made of wheel shaft swivel bearing and bar axis swivel bearing etc., is played
Allow contact electrode assembly is controlled to rotate freely, to adapt to the rotation of cutterhead.Fixing protector mainly by force bearing plate,
The compositions such as rubber sheet gasket play the role of the reinforcement protection to electrode.
In order to solve since face rock may be crushed, roughness is larger present in background technology, cutterhead is rotating
It can be in direct contact with such scar in tunneling process, while existing electrode assembly is fixed electrode, does not have roll capability.In knife
When disc spins, electrode can generate sliding friction with scar, lead to the abrasion and breaking-up of electrode tip, it is difficult to the problem of applying.
The contact electrode assembly use wheel type design, changes sliding friction into rolling friction, be greatly reduced electrode and
The friction of scar.Material selection tungsten-copper alloy, tungsten-copper alloy have preferable electric conductivity and certain wearability, in addition also have compared with
High elevated temperature strength and certain plasticity, the heat that elevated temperature strength can generate to avoid friction generate damage to mechanism, and plasticity can
To ensure that electrode is contacted with the good of scar.
The steering drive device is made of wheel shaft swivel bearing and bar axis swivel bearing etc., and wheel shaft swivel bearing ensure that
The contact electrode assembly of wheel type design can freely be rotated around wheel axle center, play the role of becoming sliding friction as rolling friction.Bar
Axis swivel bearing is arranged in electrode stem, connection electrode bar and contact electrode assembly so that device can planar water
Flat 360 ° of rotations, to adapt to the rotation of cutterhead.
The fixing protector is mainly made of mechanisms such as wheel carrier, rubber sheet gaskets, and wheel carrier plays support wheel type contact electricity
The effect of pole device, rubber sheet gasket slow down the friction between nut and baffle ring, are located between electrode stem and contact electrode assembly
Rubber sheet gasket also play and reduce friction and slow down the effect of impact.
In order to solve often to encounter meeting rough scar when electrode stretches out, since current electrode is still hydraulic cylinder
Control is flexible, generally in rigidity can not random scalable design, be difficult to spring back showing into cutterhead at any time when in face of such scar
There is the problem of technology.
The resilientiy stretchable electrode is made of hydraulic constriction device and elastic force propulsion device.Elastic force propulsion device is assembled in
Electrode rear is closely connect with cutterhead inside, and hydraulic constriction device assembling and electrode surrounding can play the withdrawal to electrode
The effect of applied force.
The hydraulic constriction device is made of a set of hydraulic cylinder, a set of interior comprising two hydraulic cylinders, is symmetrically distributed in electrode
Bar both sides, are attached in electrode stem, play the role of providing power for the withdrawal of electrode.
The elastic force propulsion device is made of a high-elastic spring, and high-elastic spring is fixed on the rear of electrode stem, with electrode
Bar tail portion is connected, and the other end is closely connect with cutterhead.
The variable resistance positioning device is made of annular rheostat, control circuit device, signal processing and transmitting device, profit
With electric current in ammeter monitoring loop, and then the resistance value of rheostat is monitored, to reach the real-time monitoring to electrode position.Dress
It sets and is installed on the inside of cutterhead backplate.And it is monitored and is controlled by main control computer.
The annular rheostat is made of a ring-shaped slide rheostat, is looped around around cutter head center point, is installed on
On the inside of cutterhead backplate, annular rheostat is not a domain, to avoid the not unique situation of the resistance value being likely to occur in measurement
Generation, the material base of detection is provided for sleeve mechanism.
The control circuit device is made of annular rheostat, power supply mechanism, current sensing means, conducting wire etc..Connection
Conducting wire is divided into active wire and fixed two kinds of conducting wire, and connection electrode and the conducting wire of annular rheostat belong to active wire, with
The rotation of cutterhead and electrode and rotate, connection ring shape rheostat, power supply mechanism, current sensing means conducting wire belong to fixation lead
Line.One toroidal conductor identical with path is set on the path of electrode rotary movement, for constituting closed circuit.
The signal processing is made of with transmitting device transmission cable and signal processing mechanism, and transmission cable connects electric current inspection
Survey device and signal processing mechanism.Signal processing mechanism is placed in master control room, and built-in a set of signal handler can will return
Current information be converted into resistance information.
A kind of technical method that may be implemented to be detected in cutterhead rotary course, direction-changeable electrode mechanism can be with
The rotation of the motion fitness of cutterhead, is retracted in when mechanism does not work in cutterhead, and when work pops up, the contact electrode of wheel type design
Device is well contacted with scar.It ensure that contact electrode assembly meets electrical prospecting using the good tungsten-copper alloy material of electric conductivity
Basic demand.Wheel type design avoids the excessive wear of electrode tip during cutterhead rotates, and reduces loss, improves detection effect
Rate.
Elastic telescopic device is specifically the elastic force propulsion device in the caudal end setting of electrode stem under electrode retracted state
In compressive state.In order to make spring may be at compressive state, in addition exist in the hydraulic constriction device of electrode stem surrounding design
Give pressure compressed spring when electrode retracted state.When needing electrode to pop up, the power of hydraulic cylinder, which gradually slows down, keeps spring slow
Rebound, electrode pop-up are contacted with scar, to meet spring at this time still in some compression.If cutterhead encounters bumps when rotating
Interface, in recessed interface, electrode can be close to scar by the promotion force effect that the spring still in compressive state is applied,
At Raised key axis, electrode is squeezed laminate section withdrawal, and spring is compressed again.Between spring-compressed and the conversion back and forth loosened, protect
It has demonstrate,proved electrode to contact with the good of concave-convex scar, while electrode being protected not cause to damage because of the uneven of scar.
When electrode is withdrawn, hydraulic cylinder reinforcing makes spring be compressed again, and electrode is withdrawn.
Rotary state is constantly in tunneling process in order to solve cutterhead, electrode is difficult to real-time keeper electrode position when working
The problem of setting, causing the position coordinates of gathered data that can not be accurately positioned.
The present invention monitors electrode position in real time using variable resistance positioning device, is positioned using polar coordinate system,
Using cutter head center as the center of circle of polar coordinate system, with horizontal direction for 0 ° and 180 ° of angles.When cutterhead rotates, active wire simultaneously into
Row rotation, at different positions, the resistance value of slide rheostat also changes cutterhead therewith, the current detecting dress being arranged in circuit
The variation of resistance value can be monitored with this with the size of electric current in detection circuit by setting, and calculate the position of tracking electrode.
In TBM cutterheads rotate tunneling process, electrode can record each electrode to center while real-time acquisition
The distance of point, the data necessary to radial positioning is provided with this.
As a kind of exemplary embodiments, as shown in Fig. 1 (a)-Fig. 1 (d), this device includes two parts, when electrode stem 1,
Second is that contact electrode assembly 2.Wherein, rubber electrode contact end uses wheeled contact electrode assembly 2 instead, is replaced with rolling friction
Sliding friction；Wheeled end horizontal 360-degree in scar plane is allowed to rotate；Wheeled contact electrode assembly 2 is according to axis 6, gear
Circle 8, bearing 5, pedestal 4, washer 9,10 erection sequence of nut are attached, and are ensured to be completely embedded, can be adopted between axis 6 and bearing 5
With graphitic lubricant, the good lubricity of graphitic lubricant makes Wheel-type electrode end can be with flexible rotating, while graphitic lubricant
The basic electric conductivity of electrode is not influenced (close to iron) with splendid electric conductivity.In terms of material, square plate 3, pedestal 4, bearing 5,
Axis 6, universal wheel 7, nut 10, baffle ring 8 are all made of tungsten-copper alloy, and tungsten-copper alloy electric conductivity is good, and have larger wearability,
The needs of long-time service can be met.Washer 9 is wear-resistant seal rubber ring.
When detection, wheeled end 7 is contacted with scar, at this time because steering drive device effect, it is assumed that wheeled end 7 by
To a common power F, F can be analyzed to perpendicular to cutterhead power Fz and be parallel to cutterhead plane power Fxy.Fz it is negligible, Fxy
The power Fy along the wheel shaft and power Fx. perpendicular to wheel shaft be can be analyzed to because there are two bearing, universal wheel can be integrated to be revolved along Z axis
Turn, can also wheel along wheel shaft Y rotate.Because the position of power is not generally on Z axis, Fxy will produce the torque on the faces xy, institute
It can be rotated along Z axis with universal wheel, when universal wheel, which is rotated, passes through Z axis to straight line where Fxy, torque zero, universal wheel direction is steady
It is fixed, it is not rotating, therefore wheeled end 7 can planar be freely rotated for 360 ° in scar institute, therefore wheeled end 7 can fit
Answer the movement of cutterhead.Contact electrode assembly 2 is detected, and detection information is propagated as an electrical current, and electric current connects by wheeled successively
Device 7, axis 6, bearing 5, wheel carrier 4, square plate 3 are touched, electrode stem 1 is finally entered, electric current is carried out by the cable being connect with master control room
Transmission transforms into geological information data in master control room in detection system, store into computer.
As shown in Fig. 2, when needing detection, 11 gradual release of hydraulic constriction device, electrode is in 12 power of elastic force push-off device
Under the action of stretch out, wheeled end 7 is well contacted with scar, starts to detect.When encountering rough scar, elastic telescopic
Device can ensure good adaptability of the electrode to scar.When encountering prominence, electrode is extruded, elastic force push-off device 12
It is forced to compress, electrode section retraction；When encountering recess, elastic force push-off device 12 continues to release electrode, ensures electrode and rock
The contact in face.Contact electrode assembly 2 does not work when electrode being intended to withdraw, and hydraulic constriction device 11 is gradually pressurizeed, and elastic force releases dress
12 forced contractions, electrode recycling are set, contact electrode assembly 2 is retracted in cutterhead 20.Wheeled end replaces sliding with rolling friction
Friction, and made of tungsten-copper alloy material, that is, it ensure that good electric conductivity, the good wearability of tungsten-copper alloy itself have again
Effect avoids the abrasion and destruction that complicated landform generates electrode tip, extends electrode life.
As shown in figure 3, the position of electrode mainly by the circumferential positioning of annular rheostat and relies on electrode 13 and cutterhead
The radial positioning two systems of central point distance realize positioning.This device is mounted on electrode stem tail end, is positioned using polar coordinates, knife
20 center of disk is the polar coordinate system center of circle, and horizontal direction is 0 ° and 180 ° of angles, power supply mechanism 19, current monitoring device in device
18, scribing 14, annular rheostat 15 are formed by connecting by conducting wire 16, and electrode stem 1 is rigid by scribing 14 and annular rheostat 15
Property connection, constitute slide rheostat, scribing 14 using inflexibility straight wire, toroidal conductor 17 auxiliary constitute closed circuit.
Annular rheostat 15 and toroidal conductor 17 are concentric circles.Annular rheostat 15 is tied up using conductive coil, in annular
Rheostat 15 will become balk ring 15 with ring inside conductor 17 at contact site 1mm on the lower side to be interrupted, to avoid more solutions of resistance are measured
Property.
Circumferential positioning principle：Cutterhead 20 rotates, and rotation, scribing are also carried out at the same time with 1 rigidly connected scribing 14 of electrode stem
14 move on slide rheostat ring 15 therewith, when scribing 14 is moved to different location in slide rheostat ring 15, this circuit
Interior resistance is different, remembers that the resistance value of annular rheostat at this time is r, the total resistance value of annular rheostat is R.Current monitoring
Electric current in 18 observation circuit of device, if the reading of current monitoring device is I, the voltage provided for electric installation is U, disregards conducting wire
Resistance obtains the numerical value of r according to I=U/r.According to θ/360 ° r/R=, pole coordinate parameter θ is calculated, recycles electrode stem 1 in knife
Radial distance L on disk 20 is positioned into one.It realizes that electrode 13 positions by polar coordinates (L, θ), is transmitted back in conjunction with electrode 13
The information of master control room, in conjunction with the speed that cutterhead operates, position when electrode position being revert to its excitation or receiving electric signal can
To realize the real real-time positioning of electrode, the geological information of front face can be accurately obtained, to it is intuitive, accurately recognize
The geological state of front face.
The non-detailed description of the present invention is the prior art, is repeated no more.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiments of the application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the application can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of this application, any made by repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of real-time acquisition electrode system of airborne resistivity method forward probe of rock tunnel(ling) machine, it is characterized in that：Including variable side
To electrode mechanism, elastic telescopic device and variable resistance detent mechanism, wherein：
The direction-changeable electrode mechanism includes contact electrode piece and deflecting driving member, and the contact electrode piece contacts electrode,
It is in direct contact with scar in tunneling process, to excite electric field, contact electrode piece freely to turn around central shaft by deflecting driving member
It is dynamic, convert the sliding friction contacted with scar to rolling friction；
The elastic telescopic device, including power collapsible part and elastic force propulsive element, after elastic force propulsive element is assembled in electrode
Side, connect with cutterhead inner tight, the setting of power collapsible part and electrode edge, to the retraction applied force of electrode, to overcome bullet
The elastic force that power propulsive element applies；
The variable resistance detent mechanism includes slide rheostat, is positioned by reference axis of polar coordinate system, using cutter head center as pole
The center of circle of coordinate system, the variation of the resistance value by detecting slide rheostat, determines the different location where cutterhead, to calculate tracking
The position of electrode.
2. a kind of real-time acquisition electrode system of airborne resistivity method forward probe of rock tunnel(ling) machine as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in：The deflecting driving member includes wheel carrier, wheel shaft swivel bearing and wheeled end, and one end of the wheel carrier is set to contact
Electrode piece tail end, the other end are connected to wheeled end central axis by wheel shaft swivel bearing so that electrode stem is around wheeled end
Central shaft rotates freely.
3. a kind of real-time acquisition electrode system of airborne resistivity method forward probe of rock tunnel(ling) machine as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in：Wheel carrier, wheel shaft swivel bearing of the contact electrode piece by deflecting driving member, detection information is passed as an electrical current
Cast to electrode stem；Or the material selection tungsten-copper alloy of the contact electrode piece.
4. a kind of real-time acquisition electrode system of airborne resistivity method forward probe of rock tunnel(ling) machine as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in：The direction-changeable electrode mechanism further includes fixing protector, and fixing protector includes force bearing plate and cushion
Piece, the force bearing plate are set to the junction of electrode stem end and deflecting driving member, and the elastomeric pad is set to elastomeric pad
On.
5. a kind of real-time acquisition electrode system of airborne resistivity method forward probe of rock tunnel(ling) machine as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in：The power collapsible part is hydraulic constriction device, including two hydraulic cylinders, are symmetrically distributed in electrode stem both sides, in
Electrode stem is attached, and plays the role of providing power for the withdrawal of electrode.
6. a kind of real-time acquisition electrode system of airborne resistivity method forward probe of rock tunnel(ling) machine as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in：The variable resistance detent mechanism includes annular rheostat, control circuit device and signal processing and transmitting device, is utilized
Electric current in ammeter monitoring loop reaches the real-time monitoring to electrode position, variable resistance is fixed with the resistance value of the annular rheostat of monitoring
Position mechanism is installed on the inside of cutterhead backplate.
7. a kind of real-time acquisition electrode system of airborne resistivity method forward probe of rock tunnel(ling) machine as claimed in claim 6,
It is characterized in：The annular rheostat is made of a ring-shaped slide rheostat, is looped around around cutter head center point, is installed on knife
On the inside of disk backplate, electrode stem is rigidly connected by scribing and annular rheostat, constitutes slide rheostat.
8. a kind of real-time acquisition electrode system of airborne resistivity method forward probe of rock tunnel(ling) machine as claimed in claim 6,
It is characterized in：The control circuit device includes power supply mechanism, current sensing means and conducting wire, and conducting wire is divided into active wire and fixation
Two kinds of conducting wire, connection electrode and the conducting wire of annular rheostat are active wire, are rotated with the rotation of cutterhead and electrode, will
The conducting wire that annular rheostat, power supply mechanism and current sensing means connect belongs to fixed conducting wire.
9. a kind of real-time acquisition electrode system of airborne resistivity method forward probe of rock tunnel(ling) machine as claimed in claim 8,
It is characterized in：One toroidal conductor identical with path is set on the path of electrode rotary movement, for constituting closed circuit；
Or the signal processing and transmitting device include transmission cable and signal processor, transmission cable connects current sensing means
With signal processor, signal processor converts the current information of return to resistance information.
10. based on the working method of system as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein, it is characterized in that：Direction-changeable electrode machine
Structure is retracted in when mechanism does not work in cutterhead with the rotation of the motion fitness of cutterhead, and when work pops up, and electrode is needed to pop up
When, power collapsible part, which gradually slows down, makes elastic force propulsive element spring back, and electrode pop-up is contacted with scar, if cutterhead encounters when rotating
Concavo-convex interface, in recessed interface, electrode is tight by the promotion force effect that the elastic force propulsive element still in compressive state is applied
Scar is pasted, at Raised key axis, electrode is squeezed laminate section withdrawal, and elastic force propulsive element is compressed again, ensures that contact electrode piece begins
It is well contacted with scar eventually, electrode position is monitored in real time using variable resistance detent mechanism, is determined using polar coordinate system
Position, using cutter head center as the center of circle of polar coordinate system, the size of electric current, the variation of resistance value is monitored with this in detection circuit, and is calculated
Track the position of electrode.
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| CN110989003B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-10-26 | 山东大学 | Electrode device, system and method for cross-hole CT test |
| CN111577305B (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2021-06-22 | 中南大学 | Water jet nozzle device suitable for assisting hob to break rock and arrangement method thereof |
| CN113879680B (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-09-27 | 广东顺力智能物流装备股份有限公司 | Intelligent logistics transfer system for recording transfer information in resistance mode and using method of intelligent logistics transfer system |
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