CN106872895A - A kind of switched reluctance motor flux linkage characteristic detection means and detection method - Google Patents
A kind of switched reluctance motor flux linkage characteristic detection means and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106872895A CN106872895A CN201710280808.3A CN201710280808A CN106872895A CN 106872895 A CN106872895 A CN 106872895A CN 201710280808 A CN201710280808 A CN 201710280808A CN 106872895 A CN106872895 A CN 106872895A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of switched reluctance machines (SRM) flux linkage characteristic detection means and detection method, this method constructs the detecting system being made up of excitation feedback module, signal detection module, signal processing module, data acquisition module, host computer, clamping device based on magnetic linkage indirect detection method；The machine winding resistance that considers of novelty is varied with temperature and changes the influence to flux linkage characteristic on this basis, using Mathematical Fitting algorithm, fits the magnetic linkage data and normal temperature T under SRM whole cycle different temperatures1The relation of lower magnetic linkage data.In motor operation, more accurate flux linkage characteristic and torque characteristics can be obtained using the relation, to realize that SRD high performance controls provide foundation.Simple structure of the present invention, easy to operate, measurement result is accurately and reliably, practical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of switched reluctance motor flux linkage characteristic detection means and detection method.
Background technology
Switched reluctance machines are double-salient-pole stator and rotor sructure, and rotor does not have coil, with simple structure, low cost, speed governing
The advantages of wide ranges, flexible control, adaptation high temperature, high speed and adverse circumstances, it is adaptable to the field such as aviation, electric automobile.In recent years
To turn into one of focus that various countries research and develop.Accurate switched reluctance machines model is for improving motor operation efficiency, excellent
Change speed adjusting performance, eliminate torque pulsation and realize that position Sensorless Control is significant.Switched reluctance machines are using fixed
The sub- unilateral excitation in side, in order to improve output power density, motor typically operates in depth magnetic saturation state, which results in its electromagnetism
Characteristic is in nonlinearity, it is difficult to accurately expressed with analytic expression.The core of SRM modelings is accurate description magnetic linkage ψ, electric current i and
The relation of position θ three.Therefore it is accurate to obtain switched reluctance machines electromagnetic property, there is important meaning to its founding mathematical models
Justice.
Many document breaker in middle reluctance motor flux linkage characteristic indirect methods of measurement are to measure machine winding resistance at normal temperatures, with
The voltage and current measured after winding Injection Current is integrated computing and obtains magnetic linkage numerical value.The method have ignored electric current injection around
Influence of the winding temperature change to winding resistance value, causes the change of flux linkage characteristic after group, is now entered using winding resistance value under normal temperature
There is error in row computing, the magnetic linkage for obtaining.Novelty of the present invention is considered and changes right because machine winding resistance is varied with temperature
The influence of flux linkage characteristic, by Mathematical Fitting algorithm, fits SRM whole cycle same position different temperatures TbUnder magnetic linkage number
According to T1At a temperature of magnetic linkage data relation, improve magnetic linkage formula, make the magnetic linkage data of measurement more accurately and reliably.
The content of the invention
Present invention aim at a kind of switched reluctance motor flux linkage characteristic detection means of offer and detection method, this method structure
The flux measurement system with Labview as core has been built, in motor diverse location under normal temperature T1, collection phase voltage, phase current, with
The form of form and figure shows in real time, and is calculated magnetic linkage data, and the data that will be collected as needed are with form, text
And the form such as waveform is preserved.On this basis novelty consider winding because temperature elevated band come change in resistance to survey
The influence of magnetic linkage result is measured, by measuring SRM in normal temperature T1The magnetic linkage data of lower half period and two of which position are different
At a temperature of magnetic linkage data, using Mathematical Fitting algorithm, fit the magnetic linkage data and T under SRM whole cycle different temperatures1Temperature
The relation of the lower magnetic linkage data of degree, makes the magnetic linkage data of measurement more accurately and reliably.
Technical solution of the invention is：
A kind of switched reluctance motor flux linkage characteristic detection means and detection method, it is characterised in that the detection means includes swashing
Encourage feedback module, signal detection module, signal processing module, data acquisition module, host computer, clamping device and detection side
Method, wherein excitation feedback module be connected with signal detection module, signal detection module respectively with signal processing module and be tested open
Close reluctance motor to be connected, signal processing module is connected with data acquisition module, and data acquisition module is connected with host computer, wherein counting
It is located in upper mainboard draw-in groove according to acquisition module, clamping device is used to fix and adjust the switched reluctance machines position；
The excitation feedback module includes dc source, switch S1, switch S2, electric capacity, diode, the switch S1a ends
Connection DC power anode, b ends are connected with switch S2c ends, and capacitor high voltage side is connected with switch S1b ends, switch S2c ends, low pressure
Side is connected with DC power cathode, constitutes charge circuit, and diode cathode is connected with switch S2d ends, and positive pole is born with dc source
Pole connects, and diode constitutes discharge loop with SRM；
The signal detection module includes voltage sensor, current sensor and temperature sensor；The voltage sensor
It is connected with electric capacity and diodes in parallel, current sensor is connected in series with SRM；Temperature sensor is placed in inside SRM；
The signal processing module, is connected with voltage sensor, current sensor and temperature sensor, signal processing module
Signal to sensor output is filtered and level conversion；
The data acquisition module is analog data collection card, and data acquisition module Real-time Collection signal processing module is defeated
The analog signal for going out；
The host computer includes data saving unit, data readback unit, data processing unit；Host computer real-time processing,
Display, the output signal for preserving data acquisition module；
The clamping device is coaxially concentric with SRM to be connected, for fixed and regulation motor rotor-position.
The detection method is comprised the following steps：
A. the phase of the switched reluctance machines one is selected, instantaneous low current is led to the phase winding using dc source, make motor
Positioned at aligned position, then using clamping device by motor fixation in this position, as test starting point；
B. normal temperature T1When, measure；
C. switch S2 is disconnected, closure switch S1, dc source fills the voltage of specified volt value to electric capacity, it is ensured that produced during electric discharge
Whole galvanic areas of electric current when can cover motor operation；
D. switch S1 is disconnected, closure switch S2, electric capacity is discharged by Stators for Switched Reluctance Motors phase winding, current sensor
Winding phase current, the phase voltage instantaneous with the electric discharge of voltage sensor senses electric capacity, the signal that sensor is detected is through signal transacting
After resume module, gathered by the sufficiently high A/D interfaces of frequency acquisition by analog acquisition board, numeral is converted to after collection
Amount storage is in FIFO buffer areas；
E. analog acquisition Labcard driver program by the user cache area of the data transfer of FIFO buffer areas to host computer simultaneously
Initial data is converted into magnitude of voltage, electric current is shown in real time in the form of form and figure, 4. then voltage calculated by formula
To magnetic linkage data, and data are preserved in forms such as form, text, charts；
F. motor is rotated into an angle to same direction using clamping device, such as 1 °, then motor is clamped, it is fixed
In this position, repeat step B, C, D, E are measured respectively, and then obtain switched reluctance machines half period magnetic linkage data ψ
(T1, θx, i), wherein θ0≤θx≤θα, θαIt is aligned position, θ0It is non-aligned position；
G. make winding temperature increase a temperature step-length, such as 5 DEG C, in rotor aligned position and non-aligned position,
C, D, E are respectively repeated steps, motor different temperatures T is obtainedbLower magnetic linkage data ψ (Tb, θα, i) with ψ (Tb, θ0, i)；
H. normal temperature T is so far obtained1The magnetic linkage data ψ (T of the half period of lower SRM1, θx, i), and motor aligned position and
Non-aligned position different temperatures TbUnder magnetic linkage data ψ (Tb, θα, i), ψ (Tb, θ0, i)；Using motor aligned position ψ (Tb,
θα, i) with ψ (T1, θα, relation i), and ψ (T at non-aligned positionb, θ0, i) with ψ (T1, θ0, relation i), by mathematics plan
Hop algorithm, fits SRM half periods θxAllowing work temperatureyUnder magnetic linkage data ψ (Ty, θx, i) and T1At a temperature of ψ (T1,
θx, relation i)：
ψ(Ty, θx, i)=f (Ty, θx)·ψ(T1, θx, i) 1.
Wherein f (Ty, θx) it is ψ (Ty, θx, i) with ψ (T1, θx, i) between relational expression.
The switched reluctance motor flux linkage relational expression, it is characterised in that during motor operation, temperature sensor real-time detection institute
State switched reluctance machines winding temperature Ty。
The switched reluctance motor flux linkage characteristic detection method, it is characterised in that flux linkage calculation method is as follows described in step E：
According to the switched reluctance machines voltage equation：
(wherein R, U, i, ψ, T are respectively winding resistance value, phase voltage, phase current, magnetic linkage, winding temperature) draws magnetic linkage formula
(ψ (0) is magnetic linkage initial value)
By formula, 2. discretization is obtained,
The flux linkage calculation method, it is characterised in that under different temperatures winding resistance value R (T) can directly measure or by with
Lower method is calculated：
In the little scope of temperature change, the resistivity of metal changes with temperature linearity, i.e.,
ρt=ρ0(1+αT)
(wherein ρtIt is the resistivity of copper at T DEG C, ρ0It is the resistivity of copper at 0 DEG C, α=0.004/ DEG C is resistivity temperature system
Number)
Resistance formula
(l is the length of resistive element, and s is the sectional area of resistive element)
The functional relation of R-T 4. and is 5. obtained by formula,
Ignore influence of the temperature to winding length and cross-sectional area, i.e.,It is constant.
ConstantDetermination：
Winding resistance value is measured under normal temperature, according to resistivity formula
ρt=ρ0(1+αT)
Calculate electricalresistivityρ at this temperaturet1。
By resistance formula
Obtain the value of the winding length and cross-sectional area ratio：(constant).
Beneficial effects of the present invention：By the magnetic linkage data and its rotor that measure SRM half periods at a certain temperature
Magnetic linkage data under aligned position and non-aligned position different temperatures, fitting obtains SRM whole cycle same position different temperatures
TbUnder magnetic linkage data and T1At a temperature of magnetic linkage data relation, reduce winding and vary with temperature influence to measuring magnetic linkage.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is switched reluctance motor flux linkage detection method structure chart proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is data transfer and process chart.
Fig. 3 is 12/8 pole motor in temperature T1、T2And T3Lower equilbrium position and the magnetic linkage schematic diagram of non-rest position.
Specific embodiment
With reference to above-mentioned brief description of the drawings specific embodiment of the invention：
Structure chart of the present invention is as shown in figure 1, device needed for the present invention is all easily obtained in market.The switch selected in example
Reluctance motor is 12/8 pole, power 0.5kW.In order to obtain magnetic linkage, it is necessary to provide the voltage of specified volt value for the phase winding of motor one,
Whole galvanic areas when the electric current that produces can cover motor operation when the voltage ensures electric discharge.The electric capacity selected in example is
3300 μ F/450VDC electric capacity.Clamping device is universal dividing head, is connected with SRM concentric co-axials, is turned for fixed and regulation motor
Sub- position.Parameter of the motor per phase is identical, chooses wherein one as measurement phase.Due to the magnetic linkage in a magnetic linkage period of change
It is symmetrical with stator and rotor salient pole aligned position, so need to only measure half magnetic linkage cycle θαThe magnetic linkage of=(0-22.5 °)
Obtain whole cycle θ2αThe flux linkage characteristic of=(0-45 °).Raised with temperature in view of winding resistance value and changed, the present invention with the addition of
Temperature detecting module is placed in motor internal, and temperature detecting module is by temperature element, temperature transmitter, signal transmitting device group in example
Into；Temperature element output signal is sent to temperature transmitter in detection, by voltage regulation filtering, operation amplifier, gamma correction, V/I
After conversion, constant current and reverse protection processing of circuit, it is converted into being exported with 4~20mA current signals of temperature line relationship, letter
The current signal that temperature transmitter is exported is converted into the 0-10V voltage signals that analog input card can be gathered by number transmitter.
Data transfer and process chart are as shown in Figure 2.Electric capacity is discharged by Stators for Switched Reluctance Motors phase winding, electric current
After the signal that sensor and voltage sensor senses are arrived is through signal processing module filtering, level conversion, by analog acquisition board
Data signal is converted to by A/D to store in FIFO buffer areas；Analog acquisition Labcard driver program is again by the data signal
It is uploaded to the user cache area of host computer Labview and completes initial data to the conversion of magnitude of voltage.Host computer is carried out to data
Packet, filters and 4. calculates magnetic linkage according to formula, graphically shows voltage curve, current curve and magnetic in host computer
Chain-current curve.
Specific embodiment of the invention is described above in association with accompanying drawing, but these explanations can not be understood to limitation
Protection scope of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is limited by appended claims, it is any will in right of the present invention
Change on the basis of asking all is protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of switched reluctance motor flux linkage characteristic detection means and detection method, it is characterised in that the detection means includes excitation
Feedback module, signal detection module, signal processing module, data acquisition module, host computer, clamping device and detection method,
Wherein excitation feedback module is connected with signal detection module, and signal detection module is respectively with signal processing module and by slowdown monitoring switch magnetic
Resistance motor is connected, and signal processing module is connected with data acquisition module, and data acquisition module is connected with host computer, and wherein data are adopted
Collection module is located in upper mainboard draw-in groove, and clamping device is used to fix and adjust the switched reluctance machines position；
The excitation feedback module includes dc source (1), switch S1 (2), switch S2 (3), electric capacity (4), diode (5), institute
State switch S1 (2) a ends connection dc source (1) positive pole, b ends with switch S2 (3) c ends be connected, electric capacity (4) high-pressure side and switch S1
(2) b ends, the connection of switch S2 (3) c ends, low-pressure side are connected with dc source (1) negative pole, constitute charge circuit, and diode (5) is born
Pole is connected with switch S2 (3) d ends, and positive pole is connected with dc source (1) negative pole, and diode (5) constitutes discharge loop with SRM (9)；
The signal detection module includes voltage sensor (6), current sensor (7) and temperature sensor (8)；The voltage is passed
Sensor (6) is connected in parallel with electric capacity (4) and diode (5), and current sensor (7) is connected in series with SRM (9)；Temperature sensor
(8) it is placed in inside SRM；
The signal processing module (10), is connected with voltage sensor (6), current sensor (7) and temperature sensor (8), letter
Number processing module is filtered and level conversion to the signal that sensor is exported；
The data acquisition module is analog data collection card (11), and data acquisition module Real-time Collection signal processing module is defeated
The analog signal for going out；
The host computer (12) includes data saving unit, data readback unit, data processing unit；Host computer real-time processing,
Display, the output signal for preserving data acquisition module；
The clamping device (13) it is coaxial with SRM (9) it is concentric be connected, for fixed and regulation motor rotor-position.
2. switched reluctance motor flux linkage characteristic detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the detection method bag
Include following steps：
A. the phase of the switched reluctance machines one is selected, instantaneous low current is led to the phase winding using dc source, be located at motor
Aligned position, then using clamping device by motor fixation in this position, as test starting point；
B. normal temperature T1When, measure；
C. switch S2 is disconnected, closure switch S1, dc source fills the voltage of specified volt value to electric capacity, it is ensured that the electricity produced during electric discharge
Stream can cover whole galvanic areas during motor operation；
D. switch S1 is disconnected, closure switch S2, electric capacity discharged by Stators for Switched Reluctance Motors phase winding, current sensor and electricity
Pressure sensor detection electric capacity electric discharge instantaneous winding phase current, phase voltage, the signal that sensor is detected is through signal processing module
After treatment, gathered by the sufficiently high A/D interfaces of frequency acquisition by analog acquisition board, digital quantity is converted to after collection and is deposited
Storage is in FIFO buffer areas；
E. analog acquisition Labcard driver program is by the user cache area of the data transfer of FIFO buffer areas to host computer and by original
Beginning data conversion shows electric current in real time into magnitude of voltage in the form of form and figure, and 4. then voltage be calculated magnetic by formula
Chain data, and data are preserved in forms such as form, text, charts；
F. motor is rotated into an angle to same direction using clamping device, such as 1 °, then motor is clamped, it is fixed herein
Position, repeat step B, C, D, E are measured respectively, and then obtain switched reluctance machines half period magnetic linkage data ψ (T1, θx,
I), wherein θ0≤θx≤θα, θαIt is aligned position, θ0It is non-aligned position；
G. making winding temperature increases a temperature step-length, such as 5 DEG C, in rotor aligned position and non-aligned position, distinguishes
Repeat step C, D, E, obtain motor different temperatures TbLower magnetic linkage data ψ (Tb, θα, i) with ψ (Tb, θ0, i)；
H. normal temperature T is so far obtained1The magnetic linkage data ψ (T of the half period of lower SRM1, θx, i), and motor aligned position and non-right
Neat position different temperatures TbUnder magnetic linkage data ψ (Tb, θα, i), ψ (Tb, θ0, i)；Using motor aligned position ψ (Tb, θα, i)
With ψ (T1, θα, relation i), and ψ (T at non-aligned positionb, θ0, i) with ψ (T1, θ0, relation i), by Mathematical Fitting calculation
Method, fits SRM half periods θxAllowing work temperatureyUnder magnetic linkage data ψ (Ty, θx, i) and T1At a temperature of ψ (T1, θx,
I) relation：
ψ(Ty, θx, i)=f (Ty, θx)·ψ(T1, θx, i) 1.
Wherein f (Ty, θx) it is ψ (Ty, θx, i) with ψ (T1, θx, i) between relational expression.
3. switched reluctance motor flux linkage relational expression according to claim 3, it is characterised in that during motor operation, temperature sensor
Switched reluctance machines winding temperature T described in real-time detectiony。
4. switched reluctance motor flux linkage characteristic detection method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that magnetic linkage meter described in step E
Calculation method is as follows：
According to the switched reluctance machines voltage equation：
(wherein R, U, i, ψ, T are respectively winding resistance value, phase voltage, phase current, magnetic linkage, winding temperature)
Draw magnetic linkage formula
(ψ (0) is magnetic linkage initial value)
By formula, 2. discretization is obtained,
5. flux linkage calculation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that winding resistance value R (T) can be direct under different temperatures
Measure or be calculated by following methods：
In the little scope of temperature change, the resistivity of metal changes with temperature linearity, i.e.,
ρt=ρ0(1+αT) ⑤
(wherein ρtIt is the resistivity of copper at T DEG C, ρ0It is the resistivity of copper at 0 DEG C, α=0.004/ DEG C is temperature coefficient of resistivity)
Resistance formula
(1 is the length of resistive element, and s is the sectional area of resistive element)
The functional relation of R-T 4. and is 5. obtained by formula,
Ignore influence of the temperature to winding length and cross-sectional area, i.e.,It is constant.
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| CN111190128A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-22 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Detection algorithm for BH characteristics of ferromagnetic material of reluctance motor |
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Application publication date: 20170620 |