CN106867586A - A kind of gasification of coal and gasification installation - Google Patents
A kind of gasification of coal and gasification installation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106867586A CN106867586A CN201510924569.1A CN201510924569A CN106867586A CN 106867586 A CN106867586 A CN 106867586A CN 201510924569 A CN201510924569 A CN 201510924569A CN 106867586 A CN106867586 A CN 106867586A
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- gasification
- water
- coal
- synthesis gas
- carbon dioxide
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007701 flash-distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010866 blackwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZZVUWRFHKOJYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenhydramine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCCN(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZVUWRFHKOJYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010797 grey water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 i.e. Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
- C10K1/16—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with non-aqueous liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/06—Flash evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to coal gasification industrial circle, a kind of gasification of coal is specifically provided, the method includes：Gasified during coal is sent into gasification furnace, obtained crude synthesis gas and containing solid chilled water；Crude synthesis gas are washed, net synthesis gas and washings are obtained；Net synthesis gas is carried out into carbonization treatment, synthesis gas and carbon dioxide is obtained；Solid chilled water will be contained and washings will be flashed, obtain water vapour and Heisui River；Heisui River is settled, the supernatant liquor for being settled is used as gasification ash water；The pH value of gasification ash water is adjusted to more than 8, and is contacted with carbon dioxide to reduce the hardness of the gasification ash water, so as to obtain soft water；The soft water of part is recycled.Present invention also offers a kind of coal gasification apparatus.Method of the invention, it is possible to the hardness by reducing the gasification ash water produced during this using the carbon dioxide produced during coal water slurry gasification, and will drop it is hard after gasification ash water be circulated utilization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal gasification industrial circle, and in particular to a kind of gasification of coal and gasification installation.
Background technology
Coal gasification is Chemical Industry " tap ", and critical role, water coal are occupied during Coal Chemical Industry
Slurry gasification process due to adaptability to raw material it is strong, production capacity is big, efficiency of carbon con version is high the features such as and obtain
It is a kind of more ripe Coal Gasification Technology to extensive use, the larger market share is occupied in China.
Water circulation system is played an important role during coal water slurry gasification.So-called water circulation system, refer to for
Reduction water consume, the water that will be discharged from gasification furnace and scrubbing tower, through multistage flash evaporation, sedimentation and deoxidation treatment
Afterwards, most of buck is recycled through sending into gasification unit, the emission treatment of 10-20%, and in water circulation
In system, as water is constantly recycled, the hardness of buck is constantly raised, and eventually results in pipeline quilt
Block, and the equipment scaling such as flash tank, grey water- to-water heat exchanger is serious, and serious shadow is caused to device stable operation
Ring.
Existing desalination technology such as ion exchange, Electro Sorb, electrodialysis, counter-infiltration are higher to water quality requirement,
Buck is higher due to solid suspension and COD, need to could use above-mentioned technical office by multistage pretreatment
Reason, processing cost is higher.It is highly effective by adding the chemical reagent such as sodium carbonate reduction hardness, but chemistry
Product consumption is big, costly, is badly in need of the grey water handling reclamation technology of exploitation high efficiency, low cost.The opposing party
Face, during coal water slurry gasification, can produce substantial amounts of carbon dioxide, in order to improve hydrogen in synthesis gas
With the content of carbon monoxide active principle, various methods can be used by carbon dioxide eliminating, these methods master
It is divided into two classes, the first kind is chemical absorption method, such as hydramine method and hot potash method, Equations of The Second Kind is inhaled for physics
Receipts method, such as using NHD solution NHD techniques and low-temp methanol technique, no matter physics
Absorb or chemical absorbing, can all produce the carbon dioxide of substantial amounts of high-purity.Wherein low-temp methanol is washed is
One kind, should due to the features such as its degree of purification is high, selectivity is good, being used widely during Coal Chemical Industry
Technique can produce purity in the carbon dioxide of more than 99% (mol).Currently the majority high-purity carbon dioxide gas
Body all by emission treatment, is not fully used, and causes greatly waste.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of new water-coal-slurry gasification method of low cost, the method includes：
1) gasified in coal being sent into gasification furnace, obtained crude synthesis gas and containing solid chilled water；
2) by step 1) obtained by crude synthesis gas feeding scrubbing tower in washed, obtain net synthesis gas and
Washings；
3) by step 2) obtained by net synthesis gas feeding decarburization unit carry out carbonization treatment, obtain synthesis gas
And carbon dioxide；
4) by step 1) obtained by containing solid chilled water and step 2) obtained by washings feeding flash column in
Flashed, obtained water vapour and Heisui River；Heisui River is sent in subsider and is settled, settled
Supernatant liquor as gasification ash water；
5) by step 4) obtained by the pH value of gasification ash water adjust to more than 8, and with step 3) institute
The carbon dioxide for obtaining is contacted to reduce the hardness of the gasification ash water, so as to obtain soft water；
6) by step 5) obtained by part soft water feeding scrubbing tower in and/or gasification furnace in recycle.
Gasification of coal of the invention, can be by using the CO produced in coal gasification course2To reduce
The hardness of the gasification ash water produced during this, and will drop it is hard after partial gasification buck be reused for the party
In scrubbing tower and/or gasification furnace in method, so as to greatly reduce the cost of coal gasification method, also reduce
Harm of the buck and carbon dioxide produced in coal gasification course to environment.Also, due to the present invention
Method most gasification ash water can be circulated and use, and only needed by small part further net
Discharged after change, thus energy consumption can be reduced by the method for the present invention, reduce process complexity.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is, for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and to constitute the part of specification, with
Following specific embodiment is used to explain the present invention together, but is not construed as limiting the invention.
In accompanying drawing：
Fig. 1 is a kind of coal gasification apparatus preferred embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals
1 --- gasification furnace；2 --- decarburization unit；3 --- scrubbing tower；4 --- flash column；
5 --- subsider；6 --- oxygen-eliminating device；7 --- the hard reactor of drop；8 --- desalination unit
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment of the invention is described in detail below.It should be appreciated that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention.
Of the invention to provide a kind of water-coal-slurry gasification method, the method includes：
1) gasified in coal being sent into gasification furnace 1, obtained crude synthesis gas and containing solid chilled water；
2) by step 1) obtained by crude synthesis gas feeding scrubbing tower 3 in washed, obtain net synthesis gas
And washings；
3) by step 2) obtained by net synthesis gas feeding decarburization unit 2 carry out carbonization treatment, synthesized
Gas and carbon dioxide；
4) by step 1) obtained by containing solid chilled water and step 2) obtained by washings feeding flash column 4
In flashed, obtain water vapour and Heisui River；Heisui River is sent in subsider 5 and is settled, obtained
The supernatant liquor of sedimentation is used as gasification ash water；
5) by step 4) obtained by the pH value of gasification ash water adjust to more than 8, and with step 3) institute
The carbon dioxide for obtaining is contacted to reduce the hardness of the gasification ash water, so as to obtain soft water；
6) by step 5) obtained by part soft water feeding scrubbing tower 3 in and/or gasification furnace 1 in circulate
Use.
According to the present invention, the coal can be fed through in gasification furnace 1 in the form of water-coal-slurry, the water coal
Slurry is the mixture of the coal containing substantial amounts of coal and water, such as the coal content in described water-coal-slurry is 55-70
Weight % (preferably 60-70 weight %).Or the coal can also be in the form of dry pulverized coal by carrier gas (example
Such as nitrogen) it is fed through in gasification furnace 1, more preferably described coal is fed through gasification furnace 1 in the form of water-coal-slurry
In.
According to the present invention, to step 1) in coal gasification condition there is no particular limitation, can use
The conventional coal gasification condition in this area, it is preferable that step 1) in, gasification in gasification furnace 1
Condition includes：Pressure is 2-9MPa, and temperature is 1200-1400 DEG C.It is highly preferred that step 1) in,
The condition of the gasification in gasification furnace 1 includes：Pressure is 2.5-8MPa (gauge pressure), and temperature is
1200-1350℃。
According to the present invention, step 1) coal gasification after will produce crude synthesis gas and containing solid chilled water.Wherein,
Crude synthesis gas are the synthesis gas (carbon dioxide of the carbon dioxide containing certain solid suspension and certain content
Content for example can be 10-20 weight %), and contain solid chilled water and also contain certain solid content (for example
The solid content of 0.3-0.7 weight %).
According to the present invention, step 2) by step 1) obtained by crude synthesis gas feeding scrubbing tower 3 in carry out
Washing, main purpose is to remove the solid suspension contained in crude synthesis gas, so the washings of gained
Middle change contains certain solid suspension, wherein, the consumption of crude synthesis gas and water generally causes washings
In solid content be 1-3 weight %.
According to the present invention, step 3) by step 2) obtained by net synthesis gas feeding decarburization unit 2 carry out
Carbonization treatment, just can so remove the carbon dioxide in synthesis gas, and the carbon dioxide of the removing is also relative
It is purer, the CO of general carbon dioxide2Content be more than 95 weight %, preferably 99 weight % with
On.There is no particular limitation to the carbonization treatment for the present invention, can be using the conventional decarburization side in this area
Formula, such as low-temp methanol wash-out, NHD techniques etc..
According to this hair, step 4) by step 1) obtained by containing solid chilled water and step 2) obtained by washing
Water feeding flash column 4 is flashed, and obtains steam and Heisui River, and Heisui River is sent in subsider 5 to be carried out
Sedimentation, the supernatant liquor for being settled is used as gasification ash water.To the flash distillation, there is no particular limitation, can
Carried out with using the conventional flash evaporation in this area, for example with three modes of flash distillation, i.e., carried out successively
(pressure can be with for high pressure flash (pressure can be 0.8-1.5MPa, and gauge pressure is as follows), low pressure flash
It is 0.5-0.1MPa, gauge pressure is as follows) and vacuum flashing (pressure can be below 0.0.5MPa,
Gauge pressure, as follows).By after flash distillation, the solid content in gained Heisui River is, for example, 1-2.5 weight %, in order to
Effectively gasification ash water can be carried out dropping hard treatment, it is necessary to first settle Heisui River, such as by Heisui River
It is sent in subsider 5, solid content is reduced to reduced levels (preferably 100ppm in treating its supernatant liquor
Below), processed the supernatant liquor as gasification ash water firmly for follow-up drop.
Usually, Ca in the gasification ash water2+Concentration be 400-700mg/L, Na+Concentration be
400-600mg/L, Cl-Concentration be 800-1300mg/L, HCO3 -Concentration be 400-600mg/L,
CO3 2-Concentration be 150-350mg/L, basicity is 1000-1400mg/L, and total hardness is
1000-2000mg/L, total dissolved solidss are 2000-4000mg/L.
According to the present invention, step 5) by step 4) obtained by the pH value of gasification ash water adjust to more than 8,
And with step 3) obtained by CO2Contacted to reduce the hardness of the gasification ash water, so as to be dropped
Gasification ash water after soft, i.e., described soft water.The process can be carried out in hard reactor 7 is dropped, and one
As hard reactor hard-off efficiency drops more than 65%.Preferably drop hard effect in order to obtain, preferably
Ground, the pH value of the gasification ash water is adjusted to more than 8.5, more preferably to 8.5-10, further
Preferably 9-10.
According to the present invention it is possible to adjust the pH of gasification ash water using the conventional pH adjusting agent in this area
Value, for example, can be adjusted using alkali metal hydroxide or its aqueous solution as pH adjusting agent, as
Such alkali metal hydroxide or its aqueous solution for example can be NaOH or its aqueous solution, hydroxide
Potassium or its aqueous solution etc., it is preferred to use the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of 1-3 weight % is adjusted as the pH
Agent.
According to the present invention, to CO2Consumption there is no particular limitation, as long as the reduction gas can be played
The effect of the hardness of ashing water.The water-coal-slurry gasification method is continuous treatment process, it is preferable that
Relative to 1m3The addition flow of the gasification ash water of/h, the volume flow of carbon dioxide is
0.2-0.6Nm3/ h (volume flow for normal atmosphere pressure, i.e. mark cube), more preferably 0.4-0.6
Nm3/h。
There is no particular limitation to the condition of the contact for the present invention, such as the temperature of described contact can be with
20-60 DEG C, the time of contact can determine according to the amount of handled gasification ash water, such as relative to 1m3
Gasification ash water for, the time of the contact can be 0.1-1.5h, preferably 1-1.5h.
, according to the invention it is preferred in the case of, the method also includes：Step 6) before, by step 5)
Gasification ash water and the step 4 of gained) obtained by steam mixed in oxygen-eliminating device, so as to realize steaming
The condensation of vapour.
According to the present invention, step 6) by step 5) obtained by part soft water feeding scrubbing tower 3 neutralize/
Or recycled in gasification furnace 1, such that it is able to complete the gasification to water-coal-slurry at low cost, high-environmental
Treatment.Preferably, after by the drop firmly treatment, by the soft water of part feeding oxygen-eliminating device 6 removing
Oxygen therein, obtains deoxygenated water, will be followed in deoxygenated water feeding scrubbing tower 3 and/or in gasification furnace 1 afterwards
Ring is used.Preferably, it is above-mentioned by step 5) obtained by gasification ash water and step 4) obtained by steam enter
The process of row heat exchange can be carried out in degasifier 6, will step 4) obtained by steam be also fed into removing
In oxygen device 6.
According to the present invention, the method preferably also includes：By step 5) obtained by the soft water of another part give
Entering desalination unit 8 carries out desalination, the soft water of the feeding desalination unit 8 be fed through scrubbing tower 3 and gasification
The volume ratio of the soft water recycled in stove 1 is preferably 5-10：100.By step 5) obtained by it is another
Partial soft water feeding desalination unit 8 carries out desalination, thus obtain can discharge or other are used for compared with
Be clean water, i.e., product water as shown in Figure 1.
By the method for the present invention, the carbon dioxide that the present invention can be produced preferably using coal gasification course
Gas is effectively reduced the hardness of gasification ash water, it is preferable that can be by the hardness reduced rate of gasification ash water
Be more than 65%, more preferably up to more than 75%, most preferably up to more than 95% (gasification ash water it is hard
The difference of the hardness of the gasification ash water after spending the hardness of the gasification ash water that reduced rate refers to before processing and processing
With the percentage of the hardness of the gasification ash water of before processing), such that it is able to realize for the gasification ash water circulating profit
With, so that the cost of coal gasification course is reduced, and the method is more environmentally friendly.
Present invention also offers a kind of coal gasification apparatus, the device includes：
Gasification furnace 1, for coal to be gasified, to obtain crude synthesis gas and containing solid chilled water；
Scrubbing tower 3, the crude synthesis gas for washing the gained of gasification furnace 1, obtains net synthesis gas and washings；
Decarburization unit 2, for the net synthesis gas of scrubbed tower 3 to be carried out into carbonization treatment, obtain synthesis gas and
Carbon dioxide；
Flash column 4, for by the washings containing solid chilled water and the gained of scrubbing tower 3 of the gained of gasification furnace 1
Flashed, obtained water vapour and Heisui River；
Subsider 5, for the Heisui River of the gained of flash column 4 to be settled, the supernatant liquor for being settled
As gasification ash water；
Except hard reactor 7, for two obtained by the gasification ash water and decarburization unit 2 by the gained of subsider 5
Carbon oxide gas are contacted to reduce the hardness of the gasification ash water, so as to obtain soft water；
Wherein, it is described except hard reactor 7 with scrubbing tower 3 and/or gasification furnace 1 is connected, will be firmly anti-
Answer the gained of device 7 part soft water feeding scrubbing tower 3 in and/or gasification furnace 1 in recycle.
As shown in figure 1, and the above description of method, unit can be learnt in coal gasification
Method in application.
Wherein, the top of gasification furnace 1 is provided with crude synthesis gas outlet, the outlet and the thick conjunction of scrubbing tower 3
It is connected into gas entrance, to enable that crude synthesis gas are washed in delivering to scrubbing tower 3；Gasification furnace 1
Bottom is provided with delivery port, and the delivery port is connected with the entrance containing solid chilled water of flash column 4, so that
What the delivery port that must be set by the bottom of gasification furnace 1 was discharged can be fed through flash column 4 containing solid chilled water
In flashed.
Wherein, the top of the scrubbing tower 3 is provided with exhaust outlet, and the exhaust outlet is connected with decarburization unit 2,
Enable to be fed through decarburization list by the exhaust outlet that the top of scrubbing tower 3 is set by the net synthesis gas for washing
In unit 2；The bottom of the scrubbing tower 3 is provided with discharge outlet, and the discharge outlet is connected with flash column 4, makes
The washings that the discharge outlet that must be set by the bottom of scrubbing tower 3 is discharged are dodged in can delivering to flash column 4
Steam.
Wherein, the decarburization unit 2 is provided with synthesis gas outlet and carbon dioxide outlet, makes
Must can be discharged by synthesis gas outlet by the synthesis gas of decarburization and be used for other as product gas
On the way, the carbon dioxide outlet is connected with hard reactor 7 is dropped so that by outlet discharge
Carbon dioxide can be delivered in the hard reactor 7 of drop.
Wherein, the flash column 4 is provided with Heisui River discharge outlet and water vapour outlet, wherein, Heisui River row
Outlet is connected with subsider 5 so that the Heisui River is settled in can delivering to subsider 5.
Wherein, the subsider 5 is provided with buck outlet, and its outlet connects with hard reactor 7 is dropped
It is logical, it is hard by drop is delivered to by the supernatant liquor (i.e. gasification ash water) after settlement treatment in subsider 5
Contacted with carbon dioxide in reactor 7.
Wherein, the hard reactor 7 of drop is provided with soft water outlet, is preferably provided with more than two soft
Water outlet, wherein, at least one soft water outlet either directly or indirectly with scrubbing tower 3 and/or gasification
Stove 1 is connected, so that soft water is circulated utilization in can delivering to scrubbing tower 3 and/or gasification furnace 1.
Wherein, optionally, the coal gasification apparatus also include oxygen-eliminating device 6, and oxygen-eliminating device 6 is arranged on drop
On the pipeline that hard reactor 7 is connected with scrubbing tower 3 and/or gasification furnace 1 so that deliver to scrubbing tower 3 with/
Or the soft water in gasification furnace 1 first deliver to oxygen-eliminating device 6 in carry out deoxygenation.Optionally, the oxygen-eliminating device 6 and sudden strain of a muscle
The water vapour outlet connection of tower 4 is steamed, so that the steam of the water vapour outlet discharge of flash column 4
Exchanged heat with soft water in oxygen-eliminating device 6.
Wherein, optionally, the coal gasification apparatus also include desalination unit 8, the desalination unit 8
At least one soft water outlet with the hard reactor 7 of drop is connected, so that the soft water of another part
Can deliver to carry out desalination in desalination unit 8, so as to obtain more clean water as coal gasification process
Product water discharged or remained his use.
Below will the present invention will be described in detail by embodiment.
Following examples：
Using the coal gasification apparatus shown in Fig. 1, wherein, the device includes：Gasification furnace 1, scrubbing tower
3, decarburization unit 2 (low-temp methanol washing device), flash column 4, subsider 5, except hard reactor 7,
Desalination unit 8 and oxygen-eliminating device 6；Wherein, the top of gasification furnace 1 is provided with crude synthesis gas outlet, and this goes out
Mouth is connected with the crude synthesis gas entrance of scrubbing tower 3；The top of gasification furnace 1 is provided with crude synthesis gas outlet,
The outlet is connected with the crude synthesis gas entrance of scrubbing tower 3；The top of the scrubbing tower 3 is provided with exhaust outlet,
The exhaust outlet is connected with decarburization unit 2；The bottom of the scrubbing tower 3 is provided with discharge outlet, the discharge outlet
It is connected with flash column 4；The decarburization unit 2 is provided with synthesis gas outlet and carbon dioxide row
Outlet, the carbon dioxide outlet is connected with hard reactor 7 is dropped；The flash column 4 is provided with black
Water discharge outlet and water vapour outlet, Heisui River outlet are connected with subsider 5, water vapour outlet with remove
Oxygen device 6 is connected；The subsider 5 is provided with buck outlet, and the outlet connects with hard reactor 7 is dropped
It is logical；The hard reactor 7 of drop is provided with two soft water outlets, and one of them is connected with oxygen-eliminating device 6,
Another is connected with desalination unit 8；The oxygen-eliminating device 6 is arranged on the hard reactor 7 of drop and connects with scrubbing tower 3
On logical pipeline, and scrubbing tower 3 is provided with the deoxygenated water that will be discharged by oxygen-eliminating device 6 by after scrubbing tower 3
Deliver to the pipeline of gasification furnace 1.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is used for the method and apparatus for illustrating to reduce gasification ash water hardness.
The water-coal-slurry of the weight % of coal-water fluid concentration 60 is delivered in gasification furnace 1 and it is 6.35MPa, temperature in pressure
1250 DEG C of degree is gasified, and obtains crude synthesis gas (carbon dioxide content be 16 weight %) and containing swashing admittedly
Cold water (solid content is 0.5 weight %)；Crude synthesis gas are passed into scrubbing tower 3 and are washed, obtained
Net synthesis gas and washings (solid content is 2.2 weight %)；Net synthesis gas is delivered into decarburization unit 2 is carried out
Carbonization treatment, obtains synthesis gas and carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide content is 99 weight %)；By institute
Solid chilled water must be contained and washings feeding flash column 4 sequentially passes through high pressure flash (1MP), low pressure flash
After (0.27MP) and vacuum flashing (0.03MP) treatment, obtain water vapour and solid content reaches 1.2 weights
The Heisui River of % is measured, Heisui River feeding subsider 5 is settled, treat that the solid content of its supernatant liquor is down to
Supernatant liquor is taken out after 100ppm and obtains soft except process in hard reactor 7 as gasification ash water feeding
Water, wherein, the ion composition and hardness of the buck are as shown in table 1.
By the gasification ash water in table 1 with 1m3The flow of/h is pumped into the hard reactor 7 of drop, and adds NaOH
Solution is maintained at 8 with the pH for controlling gasification ash water, while from the hard bottom of reactor 7 of drop with 0.224Nm3/h
Speed be passed through above gained carbon dioxide, under room temperature (about 25 DEG C) contact (gasification ash water
Relative retention time be 1h), sample soft water, its hardness reduced rate be 75%, its water quality is shown in Table 1 institute
Show.By part soft water, deoxygenated water is used to wash thick synthesis in being back to scrubbing tower 3 after the deoxygenation of oxygen-eliminating device 6
Gas is delivered in gasification furnace 1 as chilled water the water after the scrubbed tower 3 in part with recycling.
The soft water of another part is delivered to and carry out desalination in desalination unit 8 and (deliver to the soft water in oxygen-eliminating device 6
It is 100 with the volume ratio of the soft water for delivering to desalination unit 8：7.
Relative to the method that tradition does not do sofening treatment to gasification ash water, the method follows the coal gasifying process
The consumption of ring water reduces 11% or so.
Table 1
Note：Also known as dissolvability solid amount, it shows in 1 liter of water dissolved with how many milligrams of soluble solids total dissolved solidss.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described in detail above, but, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned reality
The detail in mode is applied, in range of the technology design of the invention, can be to technical side of the invention
Case carries out various simple variants, and these simple variants belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It is further to note that each particular technique described in above-mentioned specific embodiment is special
Levy, in the case of reconcilable, can be combined by any suitable means, in order to avoid need not
The repetition wanted, the present invention is no longer separately illustrated to various possible combinations.
Additionally, can also be combined between a variety of implementation methods of the invention, as long as its
Without prejudice to thought of the invention, it should equally be considered as content disclosed in this invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of gasification of coal, it is characterised in that the method includes：
1) gasified in coal being sent into gasification furnace (1), obtained crude synthesis gas and containing solid chilled water；
2) by step 1) obtained by crude synthesis gas send into scrubbing tower (3) in washed, closed only
Into gas and washings；
3) by step 2) obtained by net synthesis gas send into decarburization unit (2) carry out carbonization treatment, obtain
Synthesis gas and carbon dioxide；
4) by step 1) obtained by containing solid chilled water and step 2) obtained by washings send into flash column (4)
In flashed, obtain water vapour and Heisui River；Heisui River is sent in subsider (5) and is settled,
The supernatant liquor for being settled is used as gasification ash water；
5) by step 4) obtained by the pH value of gasification ash water adjust to more than 8, and with step 3) institute
The carbon dioxide for obtaining is contacted to reduce the hardness of the gasification ash water, so as to obtain soft water；
6) by step 5) obtained by the soft water of part send into scrubbing tower (3) and/or gasification furnace (1)
Middle recycling.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, by the pH value of the gasification ash water adjust to
More than 8.5, preferably 8.5-10.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the gasification of coal is continuous
Processing method, wherein, relative to 1m3The addition flow of the gasification ash water of/h, carbon dioxide
Volume flow be 0.2-0.6Nm3/h。
4. the method according to any one in claim 1-3, wherein, the gasification ash water
Hardness is 1000-2000mg/L；The CO of carbon dioxide2Content is more than 95 weight %.
5. the method according to any one in claim 1-4, wherein, the coal is with water-coal-slurry
Form be fed through in gasification furnace (1), in the water-coal-slurry coal content be 55-70 weight %；
Or during the coal is fed through gasification furnace (1) by carrier gas in the form of the dry pulverized coal.
6. the method according to any one in claim 1-5, wherein, step 1) in, in gas
The gasification condition changed in stove (1) includes：Pressure is 2-9MPa, and temperature is 1200-1400 DEG C；
Preferably, the gasification condition in gasification furnace (1) includes：Pressure is 2.5-8MPa, and temperature is
1200-1350℃。
7. the method according to any one in claim 1-6, wherein, the method also includes：
Step 6) before, with step 5) obtained by soft water and step 4) obtained by steam carried out in oxygen-eliminating device
Mixing.
8. the method according to any one in claim 1-7, wherein, the method also includes：
By step 5) obtained by another part soft water send into desalination unit (8) carry out desalination, the feeding desalination
The soft water of unit (8) and the soft water for being fed through scrubbing tower (3) and the middle recycling of gasification furnace (1)
Volume ratio is 5-10：100.
9. a kind of coal gasification apparatus, it is characterised in that the device includes：
Gasification furnace (1), for coal to be gasified, to obtain crude synthesis gas and containing solid chilled water；
Scrubbing tower (3), for washing the crude synthesis gas obtained by gasification furnace (1), obtain net synthesis gas and
Washings；
Decarburization unit (2), for the net synthesis gas of scrubbed tower (3) to be carried out into carbonization treatment, is closed
Into gas and carbon dioxide；
Flash column (4), for by obtained by gasification furnace (1) containing solid chilled water and scrubbing tower (3) gained
Washings flashed, obtain water vapour and Heisui River；
Subsider (5), for the Heisui River obtained by flash column (4) to be settled, what is settled is upper
Layer clear liquid is used as gasification ash water；
Except hard reactor (7), for by the gasification ash water obtained by subsider (5) and decarburization unit (2)
The carbon dioxide of gained is contacted to reduce the hardness of the gasification ash water, so as to obtain soft water；
Wherein, it is described except hard reactor (7) with scrubbing tower (3) and/or gasification furnace (1) is connected,
Sent into scrubbing tower (3) and/or gasification furnace (1) with by the soft water of the part obtained by hard reactor (7)
Middle recycling.
10. coal gasification apparatus according to claim 9, wherein, the device also includes：
Desalination unit (8), desalination is carried out by the soft water of the another part obtained by hard reactor (7).
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| CN110228792A (en) * | 2019-06-30 | 2019-09-13 | 新乡中新化工有限责任公司 | A kind of synthesis gas depth decarburization technique |
| CN110243992A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-09-17 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | The preparation method and Catalyst evaluation test system of evaluating catalyst unstripped gas |
| CN110387269A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-29 | 科林未来能源技术(北京)有限公司 | Coal hierarchical synthesis utilizes and the system and method for coke powder high-efficiency gasification |
| CN111362491A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 苏州永峰联环保科技有限公司 | Ash water softening treatment method suitable for coal gasification and treatment device thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110243992A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-09-17 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | The preparation method and Catalyst evaluation test system of evaluating catalyst unstripped gas |
| CN110387269A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-29 | 科林未来能源技术(北京)有限公司 | Coal hierarchical synthesis utilizes and the system and method for coke powder high-efficiency gasification |
| CN110387269B (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2024-04-12 | 科林能源技术(北京)有限公司 | System and method for coal grading comprehensive utilization and coke powder efficient gasification |
| CN109082305A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-25 | 昆山优利德能源技术有限公司 | The integration heating raw material coal water slurry gasification system and technique of heat exchange without phase-change |
| CN111362491A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 苏州永峰联环保科技有限公司 | Ash water softening treatment method suitable for coal gasification and treatment device thereof |
| CN110228792A (en) * | 2019-06-30 | 2019-09-13 | 新乡中新化工有限责任公司 | A kind of synthesis gas depth decarburization technique |
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